{"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=2","prev":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=1","last":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=2"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":2,"next_page":null,"prev_page":1,"total_pages":2,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":10,"total_count":13,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"umich-bhl-0047","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Ruth Ellis papers, 1910-2000, bulk 1997-2000","creator":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-bhl-0047#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Ellis, Ruth, 1899-2000","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-bhl-0047#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Ruth Ellis of Detroit, Michigan was well known in the Gay community as the oldest known African American Lesbian. She was a business woman, owned a printing company, and held social gatherings at her home at a time when there were few opportunities for Gay African Americans to gather. During the last twenty years of her life she was active in the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender community and in the Senior Citizens movement. The collection contains correspondence, photographs, and publications.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-bhl-0047#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"umich-bhl-0047","title_ssm":["Ruth Ellis papers"],"title_tesim":["Ruth Ellis papers"],"ead_ssi":"umich-bhl-0047","unitdate_ssm":["1910-2000","1997-2000"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1997-2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1910-2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["0047 Aa 2 Ac"],"text":["0047 Aa 2 Ac","Ruth Ellis papers, 1910-2000, bulk 1997-2000","Lesbians -- Michigan -- Detroit.","African American lesbians -- Michigan -- Detroit.","African Americans -- Michigan -- Detroit.","African Americans -- Michigan -- Detroit.","African American lesbians -- Michigan -- Detroit.","Lesbians -- Michigan -- Detroit.","Printers.","Printing press.","Photographs.","The collection is open to research.","No further additions to the papers are expected.","Digitization:  The Library has undertaken the digitization of a number of sound recordings within this collection. The resulting audio files are available for playback only in the Bentley Library Reading Room. Links to item images and additional information are available within this finding aid. Original sound recordings are only available for staff use.","Ruth Ellis was born on July 23, 1899 in Springfield Illinois, the youngest of four children born to Charles and Carrie Ellis. After the death of her mother, Ellis and her brothers were raised by her father. At age 37, she moved to Detroit and was soon joined by her partner, Cicilene \"Babe\" Franklin also of Springfield. The couple stayed together for more than thirty years, during which time they bought a home on Oakland Avenue and opened a small print shop, the Ellis and Franklin Printing Company."," During the late 1930s and 1940s the Ellis/Franklin house served as a meeting place and temporary shelter for Gay men and Lesbians. Ms. Ellis ran the print shop until her retirement at age 65. She actively participated in the events of the Lesbian community nation-wide until her death in 2000 at the age of 101.","The Ruth Ellis collection contains correspondence, photographs, and publications related to Ms. Ellis's life and her activities in the Gay and Lesbian community. The papers are arranged in the following series: Papers, Correspondence, and Events; Photographs; and Miscellaneous Materials.","Copyright is held by the Regents of the University of Michigan but the collection may contain third-party materials for which copyright is not held. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials.","Ruth Ellis of Detroit, Michigan was well known in the Gay community as the oldest known African American Lesbian. She was a business woman, owned a printing company, and held social gatherings at her home at a time when there were few opportunities for Gay African Americans to gather. During the last twenty years of her life she was active in the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender community and in the Senior Citizens movement. The collection contains correspondence, photographs, and publications.","Bentley Historical Library","Ellis family.","Ellis, Ruth, 1899-2000","English","The material is in  English"],"unitid_tesim":["0047 Aa 2 Ac"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1910-2000, bulk 1997-2000"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ruth Ellis papers, 1910-2000, bulk 1997-2000"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ruth Ellis papers, 1910-2000, bulk 1997-2000"],"collection_ssim":["Ruth Ellis papers, 1910-2000, bulk 1997-2000"],"repository_ssm":["University of Michigan. Bentley Historical Library"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. 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Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection received from Ruth Ellis (donor no.  8774 ) in 2000."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Lesbians -- Michigan -- Detroit.","African American lesbians -- Michigan -- Detroit.","African Americans -- Michigan -- Detroit.","African Americans -- Michigan -- Detroit.","African American lesbians -- Michigan -- Detroit.","Lesbians -- Michigan -- Detroit.","Printers.","Printing press.","Photographs."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Lesbians -- Michigan -- Detroit.","African American lesbians -- Michigan -- Detroit.","African Americans -- Michigan -- Detroit.","African Americans -- Michigan -- Detroit.","African American lesbians -- Michigan -- Detroit.","Lesbians -- Michigan -- Detroit.","Printers.","Printing press.","Photographs."],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["2.5 linear feet","3.6 GB"],"extent_tesim":["2.5 linear feet","3.6 GB"],"physfacet_tesim":["online"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs."],"date_range_isim":[1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo further additions to the papers are expected.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"accruals_tesim":["No further additions to the papers are expected."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eDigitization:\u003c/emph\u003e The Library has undertaken the digitization of a number of sound recordings within this collection. The resulting audio files are available for playback only in the Bentley Library Reading Room. Links to item images and additional information are available within this finding aid. Original sound recordings are only available for staff use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Digitization:  The Library has undertaken the digitization of a number of sound recordings within this collection. The resulting audio files are available for playback only in the Bentley Library Reading Room. Links to item images and additional information are available within this finding aid. Original sound recordings are only available for staff use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRuth Ellis was born on July 23, 1899 in Springfield Illinois, the youngest of four children born to Charles and Carrie Ellis. After the death of her mother, Ellis and her brothers were raised by her father. At age 37, she moved to Detroit and was soon joined by her partner, Cicilene \"Babe\" Franklin also of Springfield. The couple stayed together for more than thirty years, during which time they bought a home on Oakland Avenue and opened a small print shop, the Ellis and Franklin Printing Company.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e During the late 1930s and 1940s the Ellis/Franklin house served as a meeting place and temporary shelter for Gay men and Lesbians. Ms. Ellis ran the print shop until her retirement at age 65. She actively participated in the events of the Lesbian community nation-wide until her death in 2000 at the age of 101.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Ruth Ellis was born on July 23, 1899 in Springfield Illinois, the youngest of four children born to Charles and Carrie Ellis. After the death of her mother, Ellis and her brothers were raised by her father. At age 37, she moved to Detroit and was soon joined by her partner, Cicilene \"Babe\" Franklin also of Springfield. The couple stayed together for more than thirty years, during which time they bought a home on Oakland Avenue and opened a small print shop, the Ellis and Franklin Printing Company."," During the late 1930s and 1940s the Ellis/Franklin house served as a meeting place and temporary shelter for Gay men and Lesbians. Ms. Ellis ran the print shop until her retirement at age 65. She actively participated in the events of the Lesbian community nation-wide until her death in 2000 at the age of 101."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[item], folder, box, Ruth Ellis papers, Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[item], folder, box, Ruth Ellis papers, Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Ruth Ellis collection contains correspondence, photographs, and publications related to Ms. Ellis's life and her activities in the Gay and Lesbian community. The papers are arranged in the following series: Papers, Correspondence, and Events; Photographs; and Miscellaneous Materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Ruth Ellis collection contains correspondence, photographs, and publications related to Ms. Ellis's life and her activities in the Gay and Lesbian community. The papers are arranged in the following series: Papers, Correspondence, and Events; Photographs; and Miscellaneous Materials."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright is held by the Regents of the University of Michigan but the collection may contain third-party materials for which copyright is not held. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright is held by the Regents of the University of Michigan but the collection may contain third-party materials for which copyright is not held. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_14322b7e892c746399263b939c268594\"\u003eRuth Ellis of Detroit, Michigan was well known in the Gay community as the oldest known African American Lesbian. She was a business woman, owned a printing company, and held social gatherings at her home at a time when there were few opportunities for Gay African Americans to gather. During the last twenty years of her life she was active in the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender community and in the Senior Citizens movement. The collection contains correspondence, photographs, and publications.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Ruth Ellis of Detroit, Michigan was well known in the Gay community as the oldest known African American Lesbian. She was a business woman, owned a printing company, and held social gatherings at her home at a time when there were few opportunities for Gay African Americans to gather. During the last twenty years of her life she was active in the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender community and in the Senior Citizens movement. The collection contains correspondence, photographs, and publications."],"names_ssim":["Bentley Historical Library","Ellis family.","Ellis, Ruth, 1899-2000"],"corpname_ssim":["Bentley Historical Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Ellis family.","Ellis, Ruth, 1899-2000","Ellis, Ruth, 1899-2000"],"famname_ssim":["Ellis family."],"persname_ssim":["Ellis, Ruth, 1899-2000"],"language_ssim":["English","The material is in  English"],"descrules_ssm":["Finding aid prepared using Describing Archives: A Content Standard (DACS)"],"total_component_count_is":35,"online_item_count_is":2,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"umich-bhl-0047","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:13:06.070Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"umich-bhl-0047","title_ssm":["Ruth Ellis papers"],"title_tesim":["Ruth Ellis papers"],"ead_ssi":"umich-bhl-0047","unitdate_ssm":["1910-2000","1997-2000"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1997-2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1910-2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["0047 Aa 2 Ac"],"text":["0047 Aa 2 Ac","Ruth Ellis papers, 1910-2000, bulk 1997-2000","Lesbians -- Michigan -- Detroit.","African American lesbians -- Michigan -- Detroit.","African Americans -- Michigan -- Detroit.","African Americans -- Michigan -- Detroit.","African American lesbians -- Michigan -- Detroit.","Lesbians -- Michigan -- Detroit.","Printers.","Printing press.","Photographs.","The collection is open to research.","No further additions to the papers are expected.","Digitization:  The Library has undertaken the digitization of a number of sound recordings within this collection. The resulting audio files are available for playback only in the Bentley Library Reading Room. Links to item images and additional information are available within this finding aid. Original sound recordings are only available for staff use.","Ruth Ellis was born on July 23, 1899 in Springfield Illinois, the youngest of four children born to Charles and Carrie Ellis. After the death of her mother, Ellis and her brothers were raised by her father. At age 37, she moved to Detroit and was soon joined by her partner, Cicilene \"Babe\" Franklin also of Springfield. The couple stayed together for more than thirty years, during which time they bought a home on Oakland Avenue and opened a small print shop, the Ellis and Franklin Printing Company."," During the late 1930s and 1940s the Ellis/Franklin house served as a meeting place and temporary shelter for Gay men and Lesbians. Ms. Ellis ran the print shop until her retirement at age 65. She actively participated in the events of the Lesbian community nation-wide until her death in 2000 at the age of 101.","The Ruth Ellis collection contains correspondence, photographs, and publications related to Ms. Ellis's life and her activities in the Gay and Lesbian community. The papers are arranged in the following series: Papers, Correspondence, and Events; Photographs; and Miscellaneous Materials.","Copyright is held by the Regents of the University of Michigan but the collection may contain third-party materials for which copyright is not held. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials.","Ruth Ellis of Detroit, Michigan was well known in the Gay community as the oldest known African American Lesbian. She was a business woman, owned a printing company, and held social gatherings at her home at a time when there were few opportunities for Gay African Americans to gather. During the last twenty years of her life she was active in the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender community and in the Senior Citizens movement. The collection contains correspondence, photographs, and publications.","Bentley Historical Library","Ellis family.","Ellis, Ruth, 1899-2000","English","The material is in  English"],"unitid_tesim":["0047 Aa 2 Ac"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1910-2000, bulk 1997-2000"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ruth Ellis papers, 1910-2000, bulk 1997-2000"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ruth Ellis papers, 1910-2000, bulk 1997-2000"],"collection_ssim":["Ruth Ellis papers, 1910-2000, bulk 1997-2000"],"repository_ssm":["University of Michigan. Bentley Historical Library"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. Bentley Historical Library"],"creator_ssm":["Ellis, Ruth, 1899-2000"],"creator_ssim":["Ellis, Ruth, 1899-2000"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Ellis, Ruth, 1899-2000"],"creators_ssim":["Ellis, Ruth, 1899-2000"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright is held by the Regents of the University of Michigan but the collection may contain third-party materials for which copyright is not held. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection received from Ruth Ellis (donor no.  8774 ) in 2000."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Lesbians -- Michigan -- Detroit.","African American lesbians -- Michigan -- Detroit.","African Americans -- Michigan -- Detroit.","African Americans -- Michigan -- Detroit.","African American lesbians -- Michigan -- Detroit.","Lesbians -- Michigan -- Detroit.","Printers.","Printing press.","Photographs."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Lesbians -- Michigan -- Detroit.","African American lesbians -- Michigan -- Detroit.","African Americans -- Michigan -- Detroit.","African Americans -- Michigan -- Detroit.","African American lesbians -- Michigan -- Detroit.","Lesbians -- Michigan -- Detroit.","Printers.","Printing press.","Photographs."],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["2.5 linear feet","3.6 GB"],"extent_tesim":["2.5 linear feet","3.6 GB"],"physfacet_tesim":["online"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs."],"date_range_isim":[1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo further additions to the papers are expected.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"accruals_tesim":["No further additions to the papers are expected."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eDigitization:\u003c/emph\u003e The Library has undertaken the digitization of a number of sound recordings within this collection. The resulting audio files are available for playback only in the Bentley Library Reading Room. Links to item images and additional information are available within this finding aid. Original sound recordings are only available for staff use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Digitization:  The Library has undertaken the digitization of a number of sound recordings within this collection. The resulting audio files are available for playback only in the Bentley Library Reading Room. Links to item images and additional information are available within this finding aid. Original sound recordings are only available for staff use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRuth Ellis was born on July 23, 1899 in Springfield Illinois, the youngest of four children born to Charles and Carrie Ellis. After the death of her mother, Ellis and her brothers were raised by her father. At age 37, she moved to Detroit and was soon joined by her partner, Cicilene \"Babe\" Franklin also of Springfield. The couple stayed together for more than thirty years, during which time they bought a home on Oakland Avenue and opened a small print shop, the Ellis and Franklin Printing Company.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e During the late 1930s and 1940s the Ellis/Franklin house served as a meeting place and temporary shelter for Gay men and Lesbians. Ms. Ellis ran the print shop until her retirement at age 65. She actively participated in the events of the Lesbian community nation-wide until her death in 2000 at the age of 101.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Ruth Ellis was born on July 23, 1899 in Springfield Illinois, the youngest of four children born to Charles and Carrie Ellis. After the death of her mother, Ellis and her brothers were raised by her father. At age 37, she moved to Detroit and was soon joined by her partner, Cicilene \"Babe\" Franklin also of Springfield. The couple stayed together for more than thirty years, during which time they bought a home on Oakland Avenue and opened a small print shop, the Ellis and Franklin Printing Company."," During the late 1930s and 1940s the Ellis/Franklin house served as a meeting place and temporary shelter for Gay men and Lesbians. Ms. Ellis ran the print shop until her retirement at age 65. She actively participated in the events of the Lesbian community nation-wide until her death in 2000 at the age of 101."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[item], folder, box, Ruth Ellis papers, Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[item], folder, box, Ruth Ellis papers, Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Ruth Ellis collection contains correspondence, photographs, and publications related to Ms. Ellis's life and her activities in the Gay and Lesbian community. The papers are arranged in the following series: Papers, Correspondence, and Events; Photographs; and Miscellaneous Materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Ruth Ellis collection contains correspondence, photographs, and publications related to Ms. Ellis's life and her activities in the Gay and Lesbian community. The papers are arranged in the following series: Papers, Correspondence, and Events; Photographs; and Miscellaneous Materials."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright is held by the Regents of the University of Michigan but the collection may contain third-party materials for which copyright is not held. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright is held by the Regents of the University of Michigan but the collection may contain third-party materials for which copyright is not held. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_14322b7e892c746399263b939c268594\"\u003eRuth Ellis of Detroit, Michigan was well known in the Gay community as the oldest known African American Lesbian. She was a business woman, owned a printing company, and held social gatherings at her home at a time when there were few opportunities for Gay African Americans to gather. During the last twenty years of her life she was active in the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender community and in the Senior Citizens movement. The collection contains correspondence, photographs, and publications.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Ruth Ellis of Detroit, Michigan was well known in the Gay community as the oldest known African American Lesbian. She was a business woman, owned a printing company, and held social gatherings at her home at a time when there were few opportunities for Gay African Americans to gather. During the last twenty years of her life she was active in the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender community and in the Senior Citizens movement. The collection contains correspondence, photographs, and publications."],"names_ssim":["Bentley Historical Library","Ellis family.","Ellis, Ruth, 1899-2000"],"corpname_ssim":["Bentley Historical Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Ellis family.","Ellis, Ruth, 1899-2000","Ellis, Ruth, 1899-2000"],"famname_ssim":["Ellis family."],"persname_ssim":["Ellis, Ruth, 1899-2000"],"language_ssim":["English","The material is in  English"],"descrules_ssm":["Finding aid prepared using Describing Archives: A Content Standard (DACS)"],"total_component_count_is":35,"online_item_count_is":2,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"umich-bhl-0047","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:13:06.070Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-bhl-0047"}},{"id":"2013C4-xml","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Song Feiqing (宋棐卿) papers, 1926-2009","creator":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/2013C4-xml#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Song, Feiqing, 1898-1955.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/2013C4-xml#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Correspondence, writings, legal and financial records, printed matter, motion picture film, and audiovisual material relating to operations of the Oriental Corporation in Tianjin, China and subsequently in Hong Kong.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/2013C4-xml#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"2013C4-xml","title_filing_ssi":"Song Feiqing papers","title_ssm":["Song Feiqing (宋棐卿) papers"],"title_tesim":["Song Feiqing (宋棐卿) papers"],"ead_ssi":"2013C4.xml","unitdate_ssm":["1926-2009"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1926-2009"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["2013C4"],"text":["2013C4","Song Feiqing (宋棐卿) papers, 1926-2009","Business enterprises--China--Hong Kong.","Business enterprises--China.","The collection is open for research.","The Hoover Institution Archives only allows access to \n                 copies  of audiovisual items. To listen to sound recordings or to view videos or films during your visit, please contact the Archives at least two working days before your arrival. We will then advise you of the accessibility of the material you wish to see or hear. Please note that not all audiovisual material is immediately accessible.","Materials may have been added to the collection since this finding aid was prepared. To determine if this has occurred, find the collection in Stanford University's online catalog at \n                 http://searchworks.stanford.edu/ . Materials have been added to the collection if the number of boxes listed in the catalog is larger than the number of boxes listed in this finding aid.","Born in 1898, the Chinese businessman Song Feiqing is best known for his role in modern China's industrialization and promoting the spirit of entrepreneurship in China. \n                Born into a Christian family in Shandong Province, in the early 1920s Song went to Chicago to study business management at Northwestern University. \n                In 1925, he returned to China and spent the next several years working in his father's business in Tianjin. \n                Seeing that China's industry was lacking entrepreneurship, especially in the textile market where foreign countries were profiting at China's expense, in 1932 Song established the Oriental Corporation (Dongya) in Tianjin. \n                That corporation became China's first textile company to use Chinese wool to produce its yarn and to sell its products both domestically and internationally. \n                By the 1940s, the corporation had become the largest yarn production company in China, having garnered more than 80 percent of the domestic Chinese market.","Song's entrepreneurship transformed the business environment in modern China. \n                In addition, Song brought his religious beliefs into his management style and enterprise culture, as well as forming a social communication network that relied on the Christian spirit to serve his entrepreneurial purposes. \n                After the Chinese Communists won the civil war and established the People's Republic in 1949, Song struggled to keep his enterprises intact but was unable to do so. \n                In 1950, he moved his company to Hong Kong and later immigrated to Argentina. He died in Buenos Aires in 1955.","The papers of Song Feiqing include correspondence, writings, legal and financial records, printed matter, motion picture film, and audiovisual material relating to the operations of the Oriental Corporation in Tianjin, China and then in Hong Kong, including what part Christian beliefs played in Song's management practices. The papers also provide a rare glimpse into the formation of industrialization and entrepreneurship in China’s recent past.","For copyright status, please contact the Hoover Institution Archives.","Correspondence, writings, legal and financial records, printed matter, motion picture film, and audiovisual material relating to operations of the Oriental Corporation in Tianjin, China and subsequently in Hong Kong.","Hoover Institution Archives","Hoover Institution Archives","Oriental Corporation.","Song, Feiqing, 1898-1955.","Chinese  and  English"],"unitid_tesim":["2013C4"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1926-2009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Song Feiqing (宋棐卿) papers, 1926-2009"],"collection_title_tesim":["Song Feiqing (宋棐卿) papers, 1926-2009"],"collection_ssim":["Song Feiqing (宋棐卿) papers, 1926-2009"],"repository_ssm":["Hoover Institution Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Hoover Institution Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Song, Feiqing, 1898-1955."],"creator_ssim":["Song, Feiqing, 1898-1955."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Song, Feiqing, 1898-1955."],"creators_ssim":["Song, Feiqing, 1898-1955."],"access_terms_ssm":["For copyright status, please contact the Hoover Institution Archives."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Materials were acquired by the Hoover Institution Archives in 2013."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Business enterprises--China--Hong Kong.","Business enterprises--China."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Business enterprises--China--Hong Kong.","Business enterprises--China."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8 manuscript boxes, 1 motion picture film reel (4 linear feet)"],"extent_tesim":["8 manuscript boxes, 1 motion picture film reel (4 linear feet)"],"date_range_isim":[1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Hoover Institution Archives only allows access to \n                \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ecopies\u003c/emph\u003e of audiovisual items. To listen to sound recordings or to view videos or films during your visit, please contact the Archives at least two working days before your arrival. We will then advise you of the accessibility of the material you wish to see or hear. Please note that not all audiovisual material is immediately accessible.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research.","The Hoover Institution Archives only allows access to \n                 copies  of audiovisual items. To listen to sound recordings or to view videos or films during your visit, please contact the Archives at least two working days before your arrival. We will then advise you of the accessibility of the material you wish to see or hear. Please note that not all audiovisual material is immediately accessible."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials may have been added to the collection since this finding aid was prepared. To determine if this has occurred, find the collection in Stanford University's online catalog at \n                \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://searchworks.stanford.edu/\"\u003ehttp://searchworks.stanford.edu/\u003c/extref\u003e. Materials have been added to the collection if the number of boxes listed in the catalog is larger than the number of boxes listed in this finding aid.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"accruals_tesim":["Materials may have been added to the collection since this finding aid was prepared. To determine if this has occurred, find the collection in Stanford University's online catalog at \n                 http://searchworks.stanford.edu/ . Materials have been added to the collection if the number of boxes listed in the catalog is larger than the number of boxes listed in this finding aid."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn in 1898, the Chinese businessman Song Feiqing is best known for his role in modern China's industrialization and promoting the spirit of entrepreneurship in China. \n                Born into a Christian family in Shandong Province, in the early 1920s Song went to Chicago to study business management at Northwestern University. \n                In 1925, he returned to China and spent the next several years working in his father's business in Tianjin. \n                Seeing that China's industry was lacking entrepreneurship, especially in the textile market where foreign countries were profiting at China's expense, in 1932 Song established the Oriental Corporation (Dongya) in Tianjin. \n                That corporation became China's first textile company to use Chinese wool to produce its yarn and to sell its products both domestically and internationally. \n                By the 1940s, the corporation had become the largest yarn production company in China, having garnered more than 80 percent of the domestic Chinese market.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSong's entrepreneurship transformed the business environment in modern China. \n                In addition, Song brought his religious beliefs into his management style and enterprise culture, as well as forming a social communication network that relied on the Christian spirit to serve his entrepreneurial purposes. \n                After the Chinese Communists won the civil war and established the People's Republic in 1949, Song struggled to keep his enterprises intact but was unable to do so. \n                In 1950, he moved his company to Hong Kong and later immigrated to Argentina. He died in Buenos Aires in 1955.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born in 1898, the Chinese businessman Song Feiqing is best known for his role in modern China's industrialization and promoting the spirit of entrepreneurship in China. \n                Born into a Christian family in Shandong Province, in the early 1920s Song went to Chicago to study business management at Northwestern University. \n                In 1925, he returned to China and spent the next several years working in his father's business in Tianjin. \n                Seeing that China's industry was lacking entrepreneurship, especially in the textile market where foreign countries were profiting at China's expense, in 1932 Song established the Oriental Corporation (Dongya) in Tianjin. \n                That corporation became China's first textile company to use Chinese wool to produce its yarn and to sell its products both domestically and internationally. \n                By the 1940s, the corporation had become the largest yarn production company in China, having garnered more than 80 percent of the domestic Chinese market.","Song's entrepreneurship transformed the business environment in modern China. \n                In addition, Song brought his religious beliefs into his management style and enterprise culture, as well as forming a social communication network that relied on the Christian spirit to serve his entrepreneurial purposes. \n                After the Chinese Communists won the civil war and established the People's Republic in 1949, Song struggled to keep his enterprises intact but was unable to do so. \n                In 1950, he moved his company to Hong Kong and later immigrated to Argentina. He died in Buenos Aires in 1955."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Song Feiqing papers, [Box no.], Hoover Institution Archives\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Song Feiqing papers, [Box no.], Hoover Institution Archives"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Song Feiqing include correspondence, writings, legal and financial records, printed matter, motion picture film, and audiovisual material relating to the operations of the Oriental Corporation in Tianjin, China and then in Hong Kong, including what part Christian beliefs played in Song's management practices. The papers also provide a rare glimpse into the formation of industrialization and entrepreneurship in China’s recent past.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content of Collection"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Song Feiqing include correspondence, writings, legal and financial records, printed matter, motion picture film, and audiovisual material relating to the operations of the Oriental Corporation in Tianjin, China and then in Hong Kong, including what part Christian beliefs played in Song's management practices. The papers also provide a rare glimpse into the formation of industrialization and entrepreneurship in China’s recent past."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFor copyright status, please contact the Hoover Institution Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Publication Rights"],"userestrict_tesim":["For copyright status, please contact the Hoover Institution Archives."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref2\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCorrespondence, writings, legal and financial records, printed matter, motion picture film, and audiovisual material relating to operations of the Oriental Corporation in Tianjin, China and subsequently in Hong Kong.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Correspondence, writings, legal and financial records, printed matter, motion picture film, and audiovisual material relating to operations of the Oriental Corporation in Tianjin, China and subsequently in Hong Kong."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"ref3\" label=\"Physical Location\"\u003eHoover Institution Archives\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Hoover Institution Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Oriental Corporation."],"names_ssim":["Hoover Institution Archives","Oriental Corporation.","Song, Feiqing, 1898-1955."],"corpname_ssim":["Hoover Institution Archives","Oriental Corporation."],"persname_ssim":["Song, Feiqing, 1898-1955."],"language_ssim":["Chinese  and  English"],"total_component_count_is":68,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"2013C4-xml","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:00:35.990Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"2013C4-xml","title_filing_ssi":"Song Feiqing papers","title_ssm":["Song Feiqing (宋棐卿) papers"],"title_tesim":["Song Feiqing (宋棐卿) papers"],"ead_ssi":"2013C4.xml","unitdate_ssm":["1926-2009"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1926-2009"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["2013C4"],"text":["2013C4","Song Feiqing (宋棐卿) papers, 1926-2009","Business enterprises--China--Hong Kong.","Business enterprises--China.","The collection is open for research.","The Hoover Institution Archives only allows access to \n                 copies  of audiovisual items. To listen to sound recordings or to view videos or films during your visit, please contact the Archives at least two working days before your arrival. We will then advise you of the accessibility of the material you wish to see or hear. Please note that not all audiovisual material is immediately accessible.","Materials may have been added to the collection since this finding aid was prepared. To determine if this has occurred, find the collection in Stanford University's online catalog at \n                 http://searchworks.stanford.edu/ . Materials have been added to the collection if the number of boxes listed in the catalog is larger than the number of boxes listed in this finding aid.","Born in 1898, the Chinese businessman Song Feiqing is best known for his role in modern China's industrialization and promoting the spirit of entrepreneurship in China. \n                Born into a Christian family in Shandong Province, in the early 1920s Song went to Chicago to study business management at Northwestern University. \n                In 1925, he returned to China and spent the next several years working in his father's business in Tianjin. \n                Seeing that China's industry was lacking entrepreneurship, especially in the textile market where foreign countries were profiting at China's expense, in 1932 Song established the Oriental Corporation (Dongya) in Tianjin. \n                That corporation became China's first textile company to use Chinese wool to produce its yarn and to sell its products both domestically and internationally. \n                By the 1940s, the corporation had become the largest yarn production company in China, having garnered more than 80 percent of the domestic Chinese market.","Song's entrepreneurship transformed the business environment in modern China. \n                In addition, Song brought his religious beliefs into his management style and enterprise culture, as well as forming a social communication network that relied on the Christian spirit to serve his entrepreneurial purposes. \n                After the Chinese Communists won the civil war and established the People's Republic in 1949, Song struggled to keep his enterprises intact but was unable to do so. \n                In 1950, he moved his company to Hong Kong and later immigrated to Argentina. He died in Buenos Aires in 1955.","The papers of Song Feiqing include correspondence, writings, legal and financial records, printed matter, motion picture film, and audiovisual material relating to the operations of the Oriental Corporation in Tianjin, China and then in Hong Kong, including what part Christian beliefs played in Song's management practices. The papers also provide a rare glimpse into the formation of industrialization and entrepreneurship in China’s recent past.","For copyright status, please contact the Hoover Institution Archives.","Correspondence, writings, legal and financial records, printed matter, motion picture film, and audiovisual material relating to operations of the Oriental Corporation in Tianjin, China and subsequently in Hong Kong.","Hoover Institution Archives","Hoover Institution Archives","Oriental Corporation.","Song, Feiqing, 1898-1955.","Chinese  and  English"],"unitid_tesim":["2013C4"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1926-2009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Song Feiqing (宋棐卿) papers, 1926-2009"],"collection_title_tesim":["Song Feiqing (宋棐卿) papers, 1926-2009"],"collection_ssim":["Song Feiqing (宋棐卿) papers, 1926-2009"],"repository_ssm":["Hoover Institution Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Hoover Institution Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Song, Feiqing, 1898-1955."],"creator_ssim":["Song, Feiqing, 1898-1955."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Song, Feiqing, 1898-1955."],"creators_ssim":["Song, Feiqing, 1898-1955."],"access_terms_ssm":["For copyright status, please contact the Hoover Institution Archives."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Materials were acquired by the Hoover Institution Archives in 2013."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Business enterprises--China--Hong Kong.","Business enterprises--China."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Business enterprises--China--Hong Kong.","Business enterprises--China."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8 manuscript boxes, 1 motion picture film reel (4 linear feet)"],"extent_tesim":["8 manuscript boxes, 1 motion picture film reel (4 linear feet)"],"date_range_isim":[1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Hoover Institution Archives only allows access to \n                \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ecopies\u003c/emph\u003e of audiovisual items. To listen to sound recordings or to view videos or films during your visit, please contact the Archives at least two working days before your arrival. We will then advise you of the accessibility of the material you wish to see or hear. Please note that not all audiovisual material is immediately accessible.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research.","The Hoover Institution Archives only allows access to \n                 copies  of audiovisual items. To listen to sound recordings or to view videos or films during your visit, please contact the Archives at least two working days before your arrival. We will then advise you of the accessibility of the material you wish to see or hear. Please note that not all audiovisual material is immediately accessible."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials may have been added to the collection since this finding aid was prepared. To determine if this has occurred, find the collection in Stanford University's online catalog at \n                \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://searchworks.stanford.edu/\"\u003ehttp://searchworks.stanford.edu/\u003c/extref\u003e. Materials have been added to the collection if the number of boxes listed in the catalog is larger than the number of boxes listed in this finding aid.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"accruals_tesim":["Materials may have been added to the collection since this finding aid was prepared. To determine if this has occurred, find the collection in Stanford University's online catalog at \n                 http://searchworks.stanford.edu/ . Materials have been added to the collection if the number of boxes listed in the catalog is larger than the number of boxes listed in this finding aid."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn in 1898, the Chinese businessman Song Feiqing is best known for his role in modern China's industrialization and promoting the spirit of entrepreneurship in China. \n                Born into a Christian family in Shandong Province, in the early 1920s Song went to Chicago to study business management at Northwestern University. \n                In 1925, he returned to China and spent the next several years working in his father's business in Tianjin. \n                Seeing that China's industry was lacking entrepreneurship, especially in the textile market where foreign countries were profiting at China's expense, in 1932 Song established the Oriental Corporation (Dongya) in Tianjin. \n                That corporation became China's first textile company to use Chinese wool to produce its yarn and to sell its products both domestically and internationally. \n                By the 1940s, the corporation had become the largest yarn production company in China, having garnered more than 80 percent of the domestic Chinese market.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSong's entrepreneurship transformed the business environment in modern China. \n                In addition, Song brought his religious beliefs into his management style and enterprise culture, as well as forming a social communication network that relied on the Christian spirit to serve his entrepreneurial purposes. \n                After the Chinese Communists won the civil war and established the People's Republic in 1949, Song struggled to keep his enterprises intact but was unable to do so. \n                In 1950, he moved his company to Hong Kong and later immigrated to Argentina. He died in Buenos Aires in 1955.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born in 1898, the Chinese businessman Song Feiqing is best known for his role in modern China's industrialization and promoting the spirit of entrepreneurship in China. \n                Born into a Christian family in Shandong Province, in the early 1920s Song went to Chicago to study business management at Northwestern University. \n                In 1925, he returned to China and spent the next several years working in his father's business in Tianjin. \n                Seeing that China's industry was lacking entrepreneurship, especially in the textile market where foreign countries were profiting at China's expense, in 1932 Song established the Oriental Corporation (Dongya) in Tianjin. \n                That corporation became China's first textile company to use Chinese wool to produce its yarn and to sell its products both domestically and internationally. \n                By the 1940s, the corporation had become the largest yarn production company in China, having garnered more than 80 percent of the domestic Chinese market.","Song's entrepreneurship transformed the business environment in modern China. \n                In addition, Song brought his religious beliefs into his management style and enterprise culture, as well as forming a social communication network that relied on the Christian spirit to serve his entrepreneurial purposes. \n                After the Chinese Communists won the civil war and established the People's Republic in 1949, Song struggled to keep his enterprises intact but was unable to do so. \n                In 1950, he moved his company to Hong Kong and later immigrated to Argentina. He died in Buenos Aires in 1955."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Song Feiqing papers, [Box no.], Hoover Institution Archives\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Song Feiqing papers, [Box no.], Hoover Institution Archives"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Song Feiqing include correspondence, writings, legal and financial records, printed matter, motion picture film, and audiovisual material relating to the operations of the Oriental Corporation in Tianjin, China and then in Hong Kong, including what part Christian beliefs played in Song's management practices. The papers also provide a rare glimpse into the formation of industrialization and entrepreneurship in China’s recent past.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content of Collection"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Song Feiqing include correspondence, writings, legal and financial records, printed matter, motion picture film, and audiovisual material relating to the operations of the Oriental Corporation in Tianjin, China and then in Hong Kong, including what part Christian beliefs played in Song's management practices. The papers also provide a rare glimpse into the formation of industrialization and entrepreneurship in China’s recent past."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFor copyright status, please contact the Hoover Institution Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Publication Rights"],"userestrict_tesim":["For copyright status, please contact the Hoover Institution Archives."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref2\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCorrespondence, writings, legal and financial records, printed matter, motion picture film, and audiovisual material relating to operations of the Oriental Corporation in Tianjin, China and subsequently in Hong Kong.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Correspondence, writings, legal and financial records, printed matter, motion picture film, and audiovisual material relating to operations of the Oriental Corporation in Tianjin, China and subsequently in Hong Kong."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"ref3\" label=\"Physical Location\"\u003eHoover Institution Archives\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Hoover Institution Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Oriental Corporation."],"names_ssim":["Hoover Institution Archives","Oriental Corporation.","Song, Feiqing, 1898-1955."],"corpname_ssim":["Hoover Institution Archives","Oriental Corporation."],"persname_ssim":["Song, Feiqing, 1898-1955."],"language_ssim":["Chinese  and  English"],"total_component_count_is":68,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"2013C4-xml","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:00:35.990Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/2013C4-xml"}},{"id":"Cubb00135-xml","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"United States International University (later merged with California School of Professional Psychology to become Alliant International University - San Diego; formerlyCalifornia Western University, formerly Balboa University), 1947-1979","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/Cubb00135-xml#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Located in San Diego, CA. 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