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Johnson were members of the wedding party Dating from this ceremony, the couple often signed their combined correspondence Rutheric. Following a brief honeymoon in Tai Shan, the couple returned to Peking where they resided for the next 16 years. During this period Mrs. Clarke made several trips to the United States where she exhibited many of the fabulous Oriental art treasures she had collected throughout her stay in China.","Soon after the couple moved to Shanghai the threat of war between Japan and China became reality. Overnight, internment camps were set up for aliens like the Clarkes. Their homes were occupied by Japanese soldiers as soon as they were evacuated by the local Occupation authorities. From April 10, 1943 until a few weeks following the Japanese surrender to MacArthur on August 14, 1945, the Clarkes were confined at Lung Hwa Camp near Peking.","Among the nearly 1800 interns at Lung Hwa were men and women from all professions and backgrounds. Although spirits were high during the first season at the camp, morale worsened during the winter--food became scarce and poorer in quality and the stoves which the Japanese installed on each floor of the ten dormitories were never lit. The cubicles they occupied were 4`8 by 22' long. Despite the difficult conditions they encountered at the camp, the Clarkes and their fellow inmates managed to maintain a high level of personal development which is reflected in the many activities enjoyed at the camp: lectures, plays, musical productions and many other kinds of intellectual stimulation. One of the most amusing highlights of their stay was the development of a game called Dictionary Please. Because of their limited reading material, the Clarkes designed a game which relied only upon the dictionary they brought with them and their active imaginations. 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Kathleen Clarke, Margaret Emma Johnson, Gerald Clarke and Hosmer F. Johnson were members of the wedding party Dating from this ceremony, the couple often signed their combined correspondence Rutheric. Following a brief honeymoon in Tai Shan, the couple returned to Peking where they resided for the next 16 years. During this period Mrs. Clarke made several trips to the United States where she exhibited many of the fabulous Oriental art treasures she had collected throughout her stay in China.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSoon after the couple moved to Shanghai the threat of war between Japan and China became reality. Overnight, internment camps were set up for aliens like the Clarkes. Their homes were occupied by Japanese soldiers as soon as they were evacuated by the local Occupation authorities. 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During this period Mrs. Clarke made several trips to the United States where she exhibited many of the fabulous Oriental art treasures she had collected throughout her stay in China.","Soon after the couple moved to Shanghai the threat of war between Japan and China became reality. Overnight, internment camps were set up for aliens like the Clarkes. Their homes were occupied by Japanese soldiers as soon as they were evacuated by the local Occupation authorities. From April 10, 1943 until a few weeks following the Japanese surrender to MacArthur on August 14, 1945, the Clarkes were confined at Lung Hwa Camp near Peking.","Among the nearly 1800 interns at Lung Hwa were men and women from all professions and backgrounds. Although spirits were high during the first season at the camp, morale worsened during the winter--food became scarce and poorer in quality and the stoves which the Japanese installed on each floor of the ten dormitories were never lit. The cubicles they occupied were 4`8 by 22' long. Despite the difficult conditions they encountered at the camp, the Clarkes and their fellow inmates managed to maintain a high level of personal development which is reflected in the many activities enjoyed at the camp: lectures, plays, musical productions and many other kinds of intellectual stimulation. One of the most amusing highlights of their stay was the development of a game called Dictionary Please. Because of their limited reading material, the Clarkes designed a game which relied only upon the dictionary they brought with them and their active imaginations. The game was so successful that it became a partial livelihood following their return to America in 1946.","Residing in Portland, Oregon, Mr. and Mrs. Clarke remained active socially and intellectually. Mrs. Clarke served as president of Zonta International and the Lewis and Clarke's Women's League. 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Johnson were members of the wedding party Dating from this ceremony, the couple often signed their combined correspondence Rutheric. Following a brief honeymoon in Tai Shan, the couple returned to Peking where they resided for the next 16 years. During this period Mrs. Clarke made several trips to the United States where she exhibited many of the fabulous Oriental art treasures she had collected throughout her stay in China.","Soon after the couple moved to Shanghai the threat of war between Japan and China became reality. Overnight, internment camps were set up for aliens like the Clarkes. Their homes were occupied by Japanese soldiers as soon as they were evacuated by the local Occupation authorities. From April 10, 1943 until a few weeks following the Japanese surrender to MacArthur on August 14, 1945, the Clarkes were confined at Lung Hwa Camp near Peking.","Among the nearly 1800 interns at Lung Hwa were men and women from all professions and backgrounds. Although spirits were high during the first season at the camp, morale worsened during the winter--food became scarce and poorer in quality and the stoves which the Japanese installed on each floor of the ten dormitories were never lit. The cubicles they occupied were 4`8 by 22' long. Despite the difficult conditions they encountered at the camp, the Clarkes and their fellow inmates managed to maintain a high level of personal development which is reflected in the many activities enjoyed at the camp: lectures, plays, musical productions and many other kinds of intellectual stimulation. One of the most amusing highlights of their stay was the development of a game called Dictionary Please. Because of their limited reading material, the Clarkes designed a game which relied only upon the dictionary they brought with them and their active imaginations. The game was so successful that it became a partial livelihood following their return to America in 1946.","Residing in Portland, Oregon, Mr. and Mrs. Clarke remained active socially and intellectually. Mrs. Clarke served as president of Zonta International and the Lewis and Clarke's Women's League. Mrs. Clarke now resides in Mountain View, California.","Gift of Ruth Elliott Johnson Clarke.","Correspondence, photographs (of China), books and pamphlets about Chinese art, etc.","Property rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. 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Palmer, J.P.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eJade \u003c/emph\u003eSpring Books; London, 1967.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e2. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Encyclopedia Sinica \u003c/emph\u003eCouling, Samuel Kelly \u0026amp; Walsh; Shanghai, 1917.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e3. Thiel, albert W.R.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eChinese Pottery and Stoneware \u003c/emph\u003eThos. nelson \u0026amp; Sons; N.Y., N.D.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e4. Goette, John: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eJade Lore \u003c/emph\u003eKelly \u0026amp; Walsh; Shanghai, 1936.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e5. Forsyth, Robb. Coventry: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eShanting, The Sacred Province of China \u003c/emph\u003eChristian Literature Society; Shanghai, 1912\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e6. Graham, Dorothy: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThrough the moon Door \u003c/emph\u003eJ. H. Sears \u0026amp; Co.; N.Y., 1926.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e7. Brandt, J.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eIntroduction to Literary Chinese \u003c/emph\u003eNorth China Union Language School; Peking, 1927.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e8. Weale, B.L. Putnam: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Vanished Empire \u003c/emph\u003eMacmillan \u0026amp; Co.; London, 1926.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e9. Jennu, Delia: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLetter from Peking \u003c/emph\u003eOxford UP; London, 1967.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e10. Busheel, Stephen W.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eChinese [UNK] \u003c/emph\u003eV. I Eyre \u0026amp; Spottiswoode; London, 1909.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e11. Smith, Arthur H.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eChinese Characteristics \u003c/emph\u003e3rd ed. Fleming H. Revell Co.; n.y., 1894.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e12. Grubb, Norman P.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eC.T.Studd, \u003c/emph\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCricketer \u0026amp; Pioneer \u003c/emph\u003eReligious Tract Society; London, 1933.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e13. Martin, W.A.P.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Siege in Peking \u003c/emph\u003eOliphant Anderson \u0026amp; Ferrier; Edinburgh, 1900.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e14. Lymn, Jermyn Chi-Hung: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSocial Life of The Chinese in Peking \u003c/emph\u003eChina Booksellers; Peking, 1928.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e15. Strong, [UNK] [UNK]: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ea Sketch of Chinese Cuts \u0026amp; Crafts \u003c/emph\u003eChina Bhsellers; Peking, 1926.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Reference Materials"],"bibliography_tesim":["1. Palmer, J.P.:  Jade  Spring Books; London, 1967.","2.  The Encyclopedia Sinica  Couling, Samuel Kelly \u0026 Walsh; Shanghai, 1917.","3. Thiel, albert W.R.:  Chinese Pottery and Stoneware  Thos. nelson \u0026 Sons; N.Y., N.D.","4. Goette, John:  Jade Lore  Kelly \u0026 Walsh; Shanghai, 1936.","5. Forsyth, Robb. Coventry:  Shanting, The Sacred Province of China  Christian Literature Society; Shanghai, 1912","6. Graham, Dorothy:  Through the moon Door  J. H. Sears \u0026 Co.; N.Y., 1926.","7. Brandt, J.:  Introduction to Literary Chinese  North China Union Language School; Peking, 1927.","8. Weale, B.L. Putnam:  The Vanished Empire  Macmillan \u0026 Co.; London, 1926.","9. Jennu, Delia:  Letter from Peking  Oxford UP; London, 1967.","10. Busheel, Stephen W.:  Chinese [UNK]  V. I Eyre \u0026 Spottiswoode; London, 1909.","11. Smith, Arthur H.:  Chinese Characteristics  3rd ed. Fleming H. Revell Co.; n.y., 1894.","12. Grubb, Norman P.:  C.T.Studd,  Cricketer \u0026 Pioneer  Religious Tract Society; London, 1933.","13. Martin, W.A.P.:  The Siege in Peking  Oliphant Anderson \u0026 Ferrier; Edinburgh, 1900.","14. Lymn, Jermyn Chi-Hung:  Social Life of The Chinese in Peking  China Booksellers; Peking, 1928.","15. Strong, [UNK] [UNK]:  a Sketch of Chinese Cuts \u0026 Crafts  China Bhsellers; Peking, 1926."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe daughter of Dr. Charles Fletcher Johnson and Agnes Elliott Johnson, Ruth Clarke was born on April 2, 1890 in Wei Hsien, Shantung, China where she quickly mastered Mandarin Chinese. She was educated at Miss Jewell's School in Shanghai which was also attended by Miss Pearl Buck. After visiting her Uncle Hosmer Johnson in Washington D.C., Ruth entered and graduated from Wilson College (Chambersburg, Pa.) in 1912. She then returned to Shanghai to accept a teaching position at Miss Jewell's.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1916 Ruth Johnson accepted a new position in the Peking American School. It was there that she met J. Eric G. Clarke whom she married on June 21, 1916 in Tsinanfu, Shantung. The Rev. W. P. Chalfant officiated. Kathleen Clarke, Margaret Emma Johnson, Gerald Clarke and Hosmer F. Johnson were members of the wedding party Dating from this ceremony, the couple often signed their combined correspondence Rutheric. Following a brief honeymoon in Tai Shan, the couple returned to Peking where they resided for the next 16 years. During this period Mrs. Clarke made several trips to the United States where she exhibited many of the fabulous Oriental art treasures she had collected throughout her stay in China.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSoon after the couple moved to Shanghai the threat of war between Japan and China became reality. Overnight, internment camps were set up for aliens like the Clarkes. Their homes were occupied by Japanese soldiers as soon as they were evacuated by the local Occupation authorities. From April 10, 1943 until a few weeks following the Japanese surrender to MacArthur on August 14, 1945, the Clarkes were confined at Lung Hwa Camp near Peking.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAmong the nearly 1800 interns at Lung Hwa were men and women from all professions and backgrounds. Although spirits were high during the first season at the camp, morale worsened during the winter--food became scarce and poorer in quality and the stoves which the Japanese installed on each floor of the ten dormitories were never lit. The cubicles they occupied were 4`8 by 22' long. Despite the difficult conditions they encountered at the camp, the Clarkes and their fellow inmates managed to maintain a high level of personal development which is reflected in the many activities enjoyed at the camp: lectures, plays, musical productions and many other kinds of intellectual stimulation. One of the most amusing highlights of their stay was the development of a game called Dictionary Please. Because of their limited reading material, the Clarkes designed a game which relied only upon the dictionary they brought with them and their active imaginations. The game was so successful that it became a partial livelihood following their return to America in 1946.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResiding in Portland, Oregon, Mr. and Mrs. Clarke remained active socially and intellectually. Mrs. Clarke served as president of Zonta International and the Lewis and Clarke's Women's League. Mrs. Clarke now resides in Mountain View, California.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The daughter of Dr. Charles Fletcher Johnson and Agnes Elliott Johnson, Ruth Clarke was born on April 2, 1890 in Wei Hsien, Shantung, China where she quickly mastered Mandarin Chinese. She was educated at Miss Jewell's School in Shanghai which was also attended by Miss Pearl Buck. After visiting her Uncle Hosmer Johnson in Washington D.C., Ruth entered and graduated from Wilson College (Chambersburg, Pa.) in 1912. She then returned to Shanghai to accept a teaching position at Miss Jewell's.","In 1916 Ruth Johnson accepted a new position in the Peking American School. It was there that she met J. Eric G. Clarke whom she married on June 21, 1916 in Tsinanfu, Shantung. The Rev. W. P. Chalfant officiated. Kathleen Clarke, Margaret Emma Johnson, Gerald Clarke and Hosmer F. Johnson were members of the wedding party Dating from this ceremony, the couple often signed their combined correspondence Rutheric. Following a brief honeymoon in Tai Shan, the couple returned to Peking where they resided for the next 16 years. During this period Mrs. Clarke made several trips to the United States where she exhibited many of the fabulous Oriental art treasures she had collected throughout her stay in China.","Soon after the couple moved to Shanghai the threat of war between Japan and China became reality. Overnight, internment camps were set up for aliens like the Clarkes. Their homes were occupied by Japanese soldiers as soon as they were evacuated by the local Occupation authorities. From April 10, 1943 until a few weeks following the Japanese surrender to MacArthur on August 14, 1945, the Clarkes were confined at Lung Hwa Camp near Peking.","Among the nearly 1800 interns at Lung Hwa were men and women from all professions and backgrounds. Although spirits were high during the first season at the camp, morale worsened during the winter--food became scarce and poorer in quality and the stoves which the Japanese installed on each floor of the ten dormitories were never lit. The cubicles they occupied were 4`8 by 22' long. Despite the difficult conditions they encountered at the camp, the Clarkes and their fellow inmates managed to maintain a high level of personal development which is reflected in the many activities enjoyed at the camp: lectures, plays, musical productions and many other kinds of intellectual stimulation. One of the most amusing highlights of their stay was the development of a game called Dictionary Please. Because of their limited reading material, the Clarkes designed a game which relied only upon the dictionary they brought with them and their active imaginations. The game was so successful that it became a partial livelihood following their return to America in 1946.","Residing in Portland, Oregon, Mr. and Mrs. Clarke remained active socially and intellectually. Mrs. Clarke served as president of Zonta International and the Lewis and Clarke's Women's League. Mrs. Clarke now resides in Mountain View, California."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGift of Ruth Elliott Johnson Clarke.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["Gift of Ruth Elliott Johnson Clarke."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item] Clarke Family Papers, M0292, Dept. of Special Collections, Stanford University Libraries, Stanford, Calif.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item] Clarke Family Papers, M0292, Dept. of Special Collections, Stanford University Libraries, Stanford, Calif."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, photographs (of China), books and pamphlets about Chinese art, etc.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Correspondence, photographs (of China), books and pamphlets about Chinese art, etc."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProperty rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Publication Rights"],"userestrict_tesim":["Property rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections."],"names_ssim":["Department of Special Collections and University Archives","Clarke family"],"corpname_ssim":["Department of Special Collections and University Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Clarke family"],"famname_ssim":["Clarke family"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":348,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"m0292-xml","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:07:35.736Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/m0292-xml_aspace_ref96_nqc"}},{"id":"m0292-xml_aspace_ref97_uo7","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Enclosure to #27 RJC tp Family ALS carbon","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/m0292-xml_aspace_ref97_uo7#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"aspace_ref97_uo7","ref_ssm":["aspace_ref97_uo7","aspace_ref97_uo7"],"id":"m0292-xml_aspace_ref97_uo7","title_filing_ssi":"Enclosure to #27 RJC tp Family ALS carbon","title_ssm":["Enclosure to #27 RJC tp Family ALS carbon"],"title_tesim":["Enclosure to #27 RJC tp Family ALS carbon"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Enclosure to #27 RJC tp Family ALS carbon"],"text":["Enclosure to #27 RJC tp Family ALS carbon","Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968","Eric G. Clarke Correspondence","Item 30."],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ssim":["m0292-xml","aspace_ref66_v1g"],"parent_ssi":"aspace_ref66_v1g","parent_ids_ssim":["m0292-xml","m0292-xml_aspace_ref66_v1g"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968","Eric G. Clarke Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968","Eric G. Clarke Correspondence"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","File"],"unitid_ssm":["Item 30."],"repository_ssim":["Stanford University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":83,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["None."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Property rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. 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Coventry:  Shanting, The Sacred Province of China  Christian Literature Society; Shanghai, 1912","6. Graham, Dorothy:  Through the moon Door  J. H. Sears \u0026 Co.; N.Y., 1926.","7. Brandt, J.:  Introduction to Literary Chinese  North China Union Language School; Peking, 1927.","8. Weale, B.L. Putnam:  The Vanished Empire  Macmillan \u0026 Co.; London, 1926.","9. Jennu, Delia:  Letter from Peking  Oxford UP; London, 1967.","10. Busheel, Stephen W.:  Chinese [UNK]  V. I Eyre \u0026 Spottiswoode; London, 1909.","11. Smith, Arthur H.:  Chinese Characteristics  3rd ed. Fleming H. Revell Co.; n.y., 1894.","12. Grubb, Norman P.:  C.T.Studd,  Cricketer \u0026 Pioneer  Religious Tract Society; London, 1933.","13. Martin, W.A.P.:  The Siege in Peking  Oliphant Anderson \u0026 Ferrier; Edinburgh, 1900.","14. Lymn, Jermyn Chi-Hung:  Social Life of The Chinese in Peking  China Booksellers; Peking, 1928.","15. Strong, [UNK] [UNK]:  a Sketch of Chinese Cuts \u0026 Crafts  China Bhsellers; Peking, 1926.","The daughter of Dr. Charles Fletcher Johnson and Agnes Elliott Johnson, Ruth Clarke was born on April 2, 1890 in Wei Hsien, Shantung, China where she quickly mastered Mandarin Chinese. She was educated at Miss Jewell's School in Shanghai which was also attended by Miss Pearl Buck. After visiting her Uncle Hosmer Johnson in Washington D.C., Ruth entered and graduated from Wilson College (Chambersburg, Pa.) in 1912. She then returned to Shanghai to accept a teaching position at Miss Jewell's.","In 1916 Ruth Johnson accepted a new position in the Peking American School. It was there that she met J. Eric G. Clarke whom she married on June 21, 1916 in Tsinanfu, Shantung. The Rev. W. P. Chalfant officiated. Kathleen Clarke, Margaret Emma Johnson, Gerald Clarke and Hosmer F. Johnson were members of the wedding party Dating from this ceremony, the couple often signed their combined correspondence Rutheric. Following a brief honeymoon in Tai Shan, the couple returned to Peking where they resided for the next 16 years. During this period Mrs. Clarke made several trips to the United States where she exhibited many of the fabulous Oriental art treasures she had collected throughout her stay in China.","Soon after the couple moved to Shanghai the threat of war between Japan and China became reality. Overnight, internment camps were set up for aliens like the Clarkes. Their homes were occupied by Japanese soldiers as soon as they were evacuated by the local Occupation authorities. From April 10, 1943 until a few weeks following the Japanese surrender to MacArthur on August 14, 1945, the Clarkes were confined at Lung Hwa Camp near Peking.","Among the nearly 1800 interns at Lung Hwa were men and women from all professions and backgrounds. Although spirits were high during the first season at the camp, morale worsened during the winter--food became scarce and poorer in quality and the stoves which the Japanese installed on each floor of the ten dormitories were never lit. The cubicles they occupied were 4`8 by 22' long. Despite the difficult conditions they encountered at the camp, the Clarkes and their fellow inmates managed to maintain a high level of personal development which is reflected in the many activities enjoyed at the camp: lectures, plays, musical productions and many other kinds of intellectual stimulation. One of the most amusing highlights of their stay was the development of a game called Dictionary Please. Because of their limited reading material, the Clarkes designed a game which relied only upon the dictionary they brought with them and their active imaginations. The game was so successful that it became a partial livelihood following their return to America in 1946.","Residing in Portland, Oregon, Mr. and Mrs. Clarke remained active socially and intellectually. Mrs. Clarke served as president of Zonta International and the Lewis and Clarke's Women's League. Mrs. Clarke now resides in Mountain View, California.","Gift of Ruth Elliott Johnson Clarke.","Correspondence, photographs (of China), books and pamphlets about Chinese art, etc.","Property rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. 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Sears \u0026amp; Co.; N.Y., 1926.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e7. Brandt, J.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eIntroduction to Literary Chinese \u003c/emph\u003eNorth China Union Language School; Peking, 1927.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e8. Weale, B.L. Putnam: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Vanished Empire \u003c/emph\u003eMacmillan \u0026amp; Co.; London, 1926.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e9. Jennu, Delia: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLetter from Peking \u003c/emph\u003eOxford UP; London, 1967.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e10. Busheel, Stephen W.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eChinese [UNK] \u003c/emph\u003eV. I Eyre \u0026amp; Spottiswoode; London, 1909.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e11. Smith, Arthur H.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eChinese Characteristics \u003c/emph\u003e3rd ed. Fleming H. Revell Co.; n.y., 1894.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e12. Grubb, Norman P.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eC.T.Studd, \u003c/emph\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCricketer \u0026amp; Pioneer \u003c/emph\u003eReligious Tract Society; London, 1933.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e13. Martin, W.A.P.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Siege in Peking \u003c/emph\u003eOliphant Anderson \u0026amp; Ferrier; Edinburgh, 1900.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e14. Lymn, Jermyn Chi-Hung: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSocial Life of The Chinese in Peking \u003c/emph\u003eChina Booksellers; Peking, 1928.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e15. Strong, [UNK] [UNK]: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ea Sketch of Chinese Cuts \u0026amp; Crafts \u003c/emph\u003eChina Bhsellers; Peking, 1926.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Reference Materials"],"bibliography_tesim":["1. Palmer, J.P.:  Jade  Spring Books; London, 1967.","2.  The Encyclopedia Sinica  Couling, Samuel Kelly \u0026 Walsh; Shanghai, 1917.","3. Thiel, albert W.R.:  Chinese Pottery and Stoneware  Thos. nelson \u0026 Sons; N.Y., N.D.","4. Goette, John:  Jade Lore  Kelly \u0026 Walsh; Shanghai, 1936.","5. Forsyth, Robb. Coventry:  Shanting, The Sacred Province of China  Christian Literature Society; Shanghai, 1912","6. Graham, Dorothy:  Through the moon Door  J. H. Sears \u0026 Co.; N.Y., 1926.","7. Brandt, J.:  Introduction to Literary Chinese  North China Union Language School; Peking, 1927.","8. Weale, B.L. Putnam:  The Vanished Empire  Macmillan \u0026 Co.; London, 1926.","9. Jennu, Delia:  Letter from Peking  Oxford UP; London, 1967.","10. Busheel, Stephen W.:  Chinese [UNK]  V. I Eyre \u0026 Spottiswoode; London, 1909.","11. Smith, Arthur H.:  Chinese Characteristics  3rd ed. Fleming H. Revell Co.; n.y., 1894.","12. Grubb, Norman P.:  C.T.Studd,  Cricketer \u0026 Pioneer  Religious Tract Society; London, 1933.","13. Martin, W.A.P.:  The Siege in Peking  Oliphant Anderson \u0026 Ferrier; Edinburgh, 1900.","14. Lymn, Jermyn Chi-Hung:  Social Life of The Chinese in Peking  China Booksellers; Peking, 1928.","15. Strong, [UNK] [UNK]:  a Sketch of Chinese Cuts \u0026 Crafts  China Bhsellers; Peking, 1926."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe daughter of Dr. Charles Fletcher Johnson and Agnes Elliott Johnson, Ruth Clarke was born on April 2, 1890 in Wei Hsien, Shantung, China where she quickly mastered Mandarin Chinese. She was educated at Miss Jewell's School in Shanghai which was also attended by Miss Pearl Buck. After visiting her Uncle Hosmer Johnson in Washington D.C., Ruth entered and graduated from Wilson College (Chambersburg, Pa.) in 1912. She then returned to Shanghai to accept a teaching position at Miss Jewell's.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1916 Ruth Johnson accepted a new position in the Peking American School. It was there that she met J. Eric G. Clarke whom she married on June 21, 1916 in Tsinanfu, Shantung. The Rev. W. P. Chalfant officiated. Kathleen Clarke, Margaret Emma Johnson, Gerald Clarke and Hosmer F. Johnson were members of the wedding party Dating from this ceremony, the couple often signed their combined correspondence Rutheric. Following a brief honeymoon in Tai Shan, the couple returned to Peking where they resided for the next 16 years. During this period Mrs. Clarke made several trips to the United States where she exhibited many of the fabulous Oriental art treasures she had collected throughout her stay in China.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSoon after the couple moved to Shanghai the threat of war between Japan and China became reality. Overnight, internment camps were set up for aliens like the Clarkes. Their homes were occupied by Japanese soldiers as soon as they were evacuated by the local Occupation authorities. From April 10, 1943 until a few weeks following the Japanese surrender to MacArthur on August 14, 1945, the Clarkes were confined at Lung Hwa Camp near Peking.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAmong the nearly 1800 interns at Lung Hwa were men and women from all professions and backgrounds. Although spirits were high during the first season at the camp, morale worsened during the winter--food became scarce and poorer in quality and the stoves which the Japanese installed on each floor of the ten dormitories were never lit. The cubicles they occupied were 4`8 by 22' long. Despite the difficult conditions they encountered at the camp, the Clarkes and their fellow inmates managed to maintain a high level of personal development which is reflected in the many activities enjoyed at the camp: lectures, plays, musical productions and many other kinds of intellectual stimulation. One of the most amusing highlights of their stay was the development of a game called Dictionary Please. Because of their limited reading material, the Clarkes designed a game which relied only upon the dictionary they brought with them and their active imaginations. The game was so successful that it became a partial livelihood following their return to America in 1946.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResiding in Portland, Oregon, Mr. and Mrs. Clarke remained active socially and intellectually. Mrs. Clarke served as president of Zonta International and the Lewis and Clarke's Women's League. Mrs. Clarke now resides in Mountain View, California.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The daughter of Dr. Charles Fletcher Johnson and Agnes Elliott Johnson, Ruth Clarke was born on April 2, 1890 in Wei Hsien, Shantung, China where she quickly mastered Mandarin Chinese. She was educated at Miss Jewell's School in Shanghai which was also attended by Miss Pearl Buck. After visiting her Uncle Hosmer Johnson in Washington D.C., Ruth entered and graduated from Wilson College (Chambersburg, Pa.) in 1912. She then returned to Shanghai to accept a teaching position at Miss Jewell's.","In 1916 Ruth Johnson accepted a new position in the Peking American School. It was there that she met J. Eric G. Clarke whom she married on June 21, 1916 in Tsinanfu, Shantung. The Rev. W. P. Chalfant officiated. Kathleen Clarke, Margaret Emma Johnson, Gerald Clarke and Hosmer F. Johnson were members of the wedding party Dating from this ceremony, the couple often signed their combined correspondence Rutheric. Following a brief honeymoon in Tai Shan, the couple returned to Peking where they resided for the next 16 years. During this period Mrs. Clarke made several trips to the United States where she exhibited many of the fabulous Oriental art treasures she had collected throughout her stay in China.","Soon after the couple moved to Shanghai the threat of war between Japan and China became reality. Overnight, internment camps were set up for aliens like the Clarkes. Their homes were occupied by Japanese soldiers as soon as they were evacuated by the local Occupation authorities. From April 10, 1943 until a few weeks following the Japanese surrender to MacArthur on August 14, 1945, the Clarkes were confined at Lung Hwa Camp near Peking.","Among the nearly 1800 interns at Lung Hwa were men and women from all professions and backgrounds. Although spirits were high during the first season at the camp, morale worsened during the winter--food became scarce and poorer in quality and the stoves which the Japanese installed on each floor of the ten dormitories were never lit. The cubicles they occupied were 4`8 by 22' long. Despite the difficult conditions they encountered at the camp, the Clarkes and their fellow inmates managed to maintain a high level of personal development which is reflected in the many activities enjoyed at the camp: lectures, plays, musical productions and many other kinds of intellectual stimulation. One of the most amusing highlights of their stay was the development of a game called Dictionary Please. Because of their limited reading material, the Clarkes designed a game which relied only upon the dictionary they brought with them and their active imaginations. The game was so successful that it became a partial livelihood following their return to America in 1946.","Residing in Portland, Oregon, Mr. and Mrs. Clarke remained active socially and intellectually. Mrs. Clarke served as president of Zonta International and the Lewis and Clarke's Women's League. Mrs. Clarke now resides in Mountain View, California."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGift of Ruth Elliott Johnson Clarke.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["Gift of Ruth Elliott Johnson Clarke."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item] Clarke Family Papers, M0292, Dept. of Special Collections, Stanford University Libraries, Stanford, Calif.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item] Clarke Family Papers, M0292, Dept. of Special Collections, Stanford University Libraries, Stanford, Calif."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, photographs (of China), books and pamphlets about Chinese art, etc.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Correspondence, photographs (of China), books and pamphlets about Chinese art, etc."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProperty rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Publication Rights"],"userestrict_tesim":["Property rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections."],"names_ssim":["Department of Special Collections and University Archives","Clarke family"],"corpname_ssim":["Department of Special Collections and University Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Clarke family"],"famname_ssim":["Clarke family"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":348,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"m0292-xml","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:07:35.736Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/m0292-xml_aspace_ref97_uo7"}},{"id":"m0292-xml_aspace_ref71_6wz","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Enclosure to #4, sketch of ring design for wedding","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/m0292-xml_aspace_ref71_6wz#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"aspace_ref71_6wz","ref_ssm":["aspace_ref71_6wz","aspace_ref71_6wz"],"id":"m0292-xml_aspace_ref71_6wz","title_filing_ssi":"Enclosure to #4, sketch of ring design for wedding","title_ssm":["Enclosure to #4, sketch of ring design for wedding"],"title_tesim":["Enclosure to #4, sketch of ring design for wedding"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Enclosure to #4, sketch of ring design for wedding"],"text":["Enclosure to #4, sketch of ring design for wedding","Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968","Eric G. Clarke Correspondence","Item 5."],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ssim":["m0292-xml","aspace_ref66_v1g"],"parent_ssi":"aspace_ref66_v1g","parent_ids_ssim":["m0292-xml","m0292-xml_aspace_ref66_v1g"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968","Eric G. Clarke Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968","Eric G. Clarke Correspondence"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","File"],"unitid_ssm":["Item 5."],"repository_ssim":["Stanford University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":57,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["None."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Property rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. 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Coventry:  Shanting, The Sacred Province of China  Christian Literature Society; Shanghai, 1912","6. Graham, Dorothy:  Through the moon Door  J. H. Sears \u0026 Co.; N.Y., 1926.","7. Brandt, J.:  Introduction to Literary Chinese  North China Union Language School; Peking, 1927.","8. Weale, B.L. Putnam:  The Vanished Empire  Macmillan \u0026 Co.; London, 1926.","9. Jennu, Delia:  Letter from Peking  Oxford UP; London, 1967.","10. Busheel, Stephen W.:  Chinese [UNK]  V. I Eyre \u0026 Spottiswoode; London, 1909.","11. Smith, Arthur H.:  Chinese Characteristics  3rd ed. Fleming H. Revell Co.; n.y., 1894.","12. Grubb, Norman P.:  C.T.Studd,  Cricketer \u0026 Pioneer  Religious Tract Society; London, 1933.","13. Martin, W.A.P.:  The Siege in Peking  Oliphant Anderson \u0026 Ferrier; Edinburgh, 1900.","14. Lymn, Jermyn Chi-Hung:  Social Life of The Chinese in Peking  China Booksellers; Peking, 1928.","15. Strong, [UNK] [UNK]:  a Sketch of Chinese Cuts \u0026 Crafts  China Bhsellers; Peking, 1926.","The daughter of Dr. Charles Fletcher Johnson and Agnes Elliott Johnson, Ruth Clarke was born on April 2, 1890 in Wei Hsien, Shantung, China where she quickly mastered Mandarin Chinese. She was educated at Miss Jewell's School in Shanghai which was also attended by Miss Pearl Buck. After visiting her Uncle Hosmer Johnson in Washington D.C., Ruth entered and graduated from Wilson College (Chambersburg, Pa.) in 1912. She then returned to Shanghai to accept a teaching position at Miss Jewell's.","In 1916 Ruth Johnson accepted a new position in the Peking American School. It was there that she met J. Eric G. Clarke whom she married on June 21, 1916 in Tsinanfu, Shantung. The Rev. W. P. Chalfant officiated. Kathleen Clarke, Margaret Emma Johnson, Gerald Clarke and Hosmer F. Johnson were members of the wedding party Dating from this ceremony, the couple often signed their combined correspondence Rutheric. Following a brief honeymoon in Tai Shan, the couple returned to Peking where they resided for the next 16 years. During this period Mrs. Clarke made several trips to the United States where she exhibited many of the fabulous Oriental art treasures she had collected throughout her stay in China.","Soon after the couple moved to Shanghai the threat of war between Japan and China became reality. Overnight, internment camps were set up for aliens like the Clarkes. Their homes were occupied by Japanese soldiers as soon as they were evacuated by the local Occupation authorities. From April 10, 1943 until a few weeks following the Japanese surrender to MacArthur on August 14, 1945, the Clarkes were confined at Lung Hwa Camp near Peking.","Among the nearly 1800 interns at Lung Hwa were men and women from all professions and backgrounds. Although spirits were high during the first season at the camp, morale worsened during the winter--food became scarce and poorer in quality and the stoves which the Japanese installed on each floor of the ten dormitories were never lit. The cubicles they occupied were 4`8 by 22' long. Despite the difficult conditions they encountered at the camp, the Clarkes and their fellow inmates managed to maintain a high level of personal development which is reflected in the many activities enjoyed at the camp: lectures, plays, musical productions and many other kinds of intellectual stimulation. One of the most amusing highlights of their stay was the development of a game called Dictionary Please. Because of their limited reading material, the Clarkes designed a game which relied only upon the dictionary they brought with them and their active imaginations. 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Sears \u0026amp; Co.; N.Y., 1926.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e7. Brandt, J.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eIntroduction to Literary Chinese \u003c/emph\u003eNorth China Union Language School; Peking, 1927.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e8. Weale, B.L. Putnam: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Vanished Empire \u003c/emph\u003eMacmillan \u0026amp; Co.; London, 1926.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e9. Jennu, Delia: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLetter from Peking \u003c/emph\u003eOxford UP; London, 1967.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e10. Busheel, Stephen W.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eChinese [UNK] \u003c/emph\u003eV. I Eyre \u0026amp; Spottiswoode; London, 1909.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e11. Smith, Arthur H.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eChinese Characteristics \u003c/emph\u003e3rd ed. Fleming H. Revell Co.; n.y., 1894.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e12. Grubb, Norman P.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eC.T.Studd, \u003c/emph\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCricketer \u0026amp; Pioneer \u003c/emph\u003eReligious Tract Society; London, 1933.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e13. Martin, W.A.P.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Siege in Peking \u003c/emph\u003eOliphant Anderson \u0026amp; Ferrier; Edinburgh, 1900.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e14. Lymn, Jermyn Chi-Hung: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSocial Life of The Chinese in Peking \u003c/emph\u003eChina Booksellers; Peking, 1928.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e15. Strong, [UNK] [UNK]: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ea Sketch of Chinese Cuts \u0026amp; Crafts \u003c/emph\u003eChina Bhsellers; Peking, 1926.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Reference Materials"],"bibliography_tesim":["1. Palmer, J.P.:  Jade  Spring Books; London, 1967.","2.  The Encyclopedia Sinica  Couling, Samuel Kelly \u0026 Walsh; Shanghai, 1917.","3. 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Lymn, Jermyn Chi-Hung:  Social Life of The Chinese in Peking  China Booksellers; Peking, 1928.","15. Strong, [UNK] [UNK]:  a Sketch of Chinese Cuts \u0026 Crafts  China Bhsellers; Peking, 1926."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe daughter of Dr. Charles Fletcher Johnson and Agnes Elliott Johnson, Ruth Clarke was born on April 2, 1890 in Wei Hsien, Shantung, China where she quickly mastered Mandarin Chinese. She was educated at Miss Jewell's School in Shanghai which was also attended by Miss Pearl Buck. After visiting her Uncle Hosmer Johnson in Washington D.C., Ruth entered and graduated from Wilson College (Chambersburg, Pa.) in 1912. She then returned to Shanghai to accept a teaching position at Miss Jewell's.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1916 Ruth Johnson accepted a new position in the Peking American School. It was there that she met J. Eric G. Clarke whom she married on June 21, 1916 in Tsinanfu, Shantung. The Rev. W. P. Chalfant officiated. Kathleen Clarke, Margaret Emma Johnson, Gerald Clarke and Hosmer F. Johnson were members of the wedding party Dating from this ceremony, the couple often signed their combined correspondence Rutheric. Following a brief honeymoon in Tai Shan, the couple returned to Peking where they resided for the next 16 years. During this period Mrs. Clarke made several trips to the United States where she exhibited many of the fabulous Oriental art treasures she had collected throughout her stay in China.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSoon after the couple moved to Shanghai the threat of war between Japan and China became reality. Overnight, internment camps were set up for aliens like the Clarkes. Their homes were occupied by Japanese soldiers as soon as they were evacuated by the local Occupation authorities. From April 10, 1943 until a few weeks following the Japanese surrender to MacArthur on August 14, 1945, the Clarkes were confined at Lung Hwa Camp near Peking.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAmong the nearly 1800 interns at Lung Hwa were men and women from all professions and backgrounds. Although spirits were high during the first season at the camp, morale worsened during the winter--food became scarce and poorer in quality and the stoves which the Japanese installed on each floor of the ten dormitories were never lit. The cubicles they occupied were 4`8 by 22' long. Despite the difficult conditions they encountered at the camp, the Clarkes and their fellow inmates managed to maintain a high level of personal development which is reflected in the many activities enjoyed at the camp: lectures, plays, musical productions and many other kinds of intellectual stimulation. One of the most amusing highlights of their stay was the development of a game called Dictionary Please. 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After visiting her Uncle Hosmer Johnson in Washington D.C., Ruth entered and graduated from Wilson College (Chambersburg, Pa.) in 1912. She then returned to Shanghai to accept a teaching position at Miss Jewell's.","In 1916 Ruth Johnson accepted a new position in the Peking American School. It was there that she met J. Eric G. Clarke whom she married on June 21, 1916 in Tsinanfu, Shantung. The Rev. W. P. Chalfant officiated. Kathleen Clarke, Margaret Emma Johnson, Gerald Clarke and Hosmer F. Johnson were members of the wedding party Dating from this ceremony, the couple often signed their combined correspondence Rutheric. Following a brief honeymoon in Tai Shan, the couple returned to Peking where they resided for the next 16 years. 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Johnson were members of the wedding party Dating from this ceremony, the couple often signed their combined correspondence Rutheric. Following a brief honeymoon in Tai Shan, the couple returned to Peking where they resided for the next 16 years. During this period Mrs. Clarke made several trips to the United States where she exhibited many of the fabulous Oriental art treasures she had collected throughout her stay in China.","Soon after the couple moved to Shanghai the threat of war between Japan and China became reality. Overnight, internment camps were set up for aliens like the Clarkes. Their homes were occupied by Japanese soldiers as soon as they were evacuated by the local Occupation authorities. From April 10, 1943 until a few weeks following the Japanese surrender to MacArthur on August 14, 1945, the Clarkes were confined at Lung Hwa Camp near Peking.","Among the nearly 1800 interns at Lung Hwa were men and women from all professions and backgrounds. 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Coventry:  Shanting, The Sacred Province of China  Christian Literature Society; Shanghai, 1912","6. Graham, Dorothy:  Through the moon Door  J. H. Sears \u0026 Co.; N.Y., 1926.","7. Brandt, J.:  Introduction to Literary Chinese  North China Union Language School; Peking, 1927.","8. Weale, B.L. Putnam:  The Vanished Empire  Macmillan \u0026 Co.; London, 1926.","9. Jennu, Delia:  Letter from Peking  Oxford UP; London, 1967.","10. Busheel, Stephen W.:  Chinese [UNK]  V. I Eyre \u0026 Spottiswoode; London, 1909.","11. Smith, Arthur H.:  Chinese Characteristics  3rd ed. Fleming H. Revell Co.; n.y., 1894.","12. Grubb, Norman P.:  C.T.Studd,  Cricketer \u0026 Pioneer  Religious Tract Society; London, 1933.","13. Martin, W.A.P.:  The Siege in Peking  Oliphant Anderson \u0026 Ferrier; Edinburgh, 1900.","14. Lymn, Jermyn Chi-Hung:  Social Life of The Chinese in Peking  China Booksellers; Peking, 1928.","15. Strong, [UNK] [UNK]:  a Sketch of Chinese Cuts \u0026 Crafts  China Bhsellers; Peking, 1926.","The daughter of Dr. Charles Fletcher Johnson and Agnes Elliott Johnson, Ruth Clarke was born on April 2, 1890 in Wei Hsien, Shantung, China where she quickly mastered Mandarin Chinese. She was educated at Miss Jewell's School in Shanghai which was also attended by Miss Pearl Buck. After visiting her Uncle Hosmer Johnson in Washington D.C., Ruth entered and graduated from Wilson College (Chambersburg, Pa.) in 1912. She then returned to Shanghai to accept a teaching position at Miss Jewell's.","In 1916 Ruth Johnson accepted a new position in the Peking American School. It was there that she met J. Eric G. Clarke whom she married on June 21, 1916 in Tsinanfu, Shantung. The Rev. W. P. Chalfant officiated. Kathleen Clarke, Margaret Emma Johnson, Gerald Clarke and Hosmer F. Johnson were members of the wedding party Dating from this ceremony, the couple often signed their combined correspondence Rutheric. Following a brief honeymoon in Tai Shan, the couple returned to Peking where they resided for the next 16 years. During this period Mrs. Clarke made several trips to the United States where she exhibited many of the fabulous Oriental art treasures she had collected throughout her stay in China.","Soon after the couple moved to Shanghai the threat of war between Japan and China became reality. Overnight, internment camps were set up for aliens like the Clarkes. Their homes were occupied by Japanese soldiers as soon as they were evacuated by the local Occupation authorities. From April 10, 1943 until a few weeks following the Japanese surrender to MacArthur on August 14, 1945, the Clarkes were confined at Lung Hwa Camp near Peking.","Among the nearly 1800 interns at Lung Hwa were men and women from all professions and backgrounds. Although spirits were high during the first season at the camp, morale worsened during the winter--food became scarce and poorer in quality and the stoves which the Japanese installed on each floor of the ten dormitories were never lit. The cubicles they occupied were 4`8 by 22' long. Despite the difficult conditions they encountered at the camp, the Clarkes and their fellow inmates managed to maintain a high level of personal development which is reflected in the many activities enjoyed at the camp: lectures, plays, musical productions and many other kinds of intellectual stimulation. One of the most amusing highlights of their stay was the development of a game called Dictionary Please. Because of their limited reading material, the Clarkes designed a game which relied only upon the dictionary they brought with them and their active imaginations. The game was so successful that it became a partial livelihood following their return to America in 1946.","Residing in Portland, Oregon, Mr. and Mrs. Clarke remained active socially and intellectually. Mrs. Clarke served as president of Zonta International and the Lewis and Clarke's Women's League. Mrs. Clarke now resides in Mountain View, California.","Gift of Ruth Elliott Johnson Clarke.","Correspondence, photographs (of China), books and pamphlets about Chinese art, etc.","Property rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections.","Department of Special Collections and University Archives","Clarke family","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M0292"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1904-1968"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968"],"collection_title_tesim":["Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968"],"collection_ssim":["Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968"],"repository_ssm":["Stanford University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Stanford University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Clarke family"],"creator_ssim":["Clarke family"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Clarke family"],"creators_ssim":["Clarke family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Property rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["10 Linear Feet ca. 10 linear ft."],"extent_tesim":["10 Linear Feet ca. 10 linear ft."],"date_range_isim":[1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["None."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003e1. Palmer, J.P.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eJade \u003c/emph\u003eSpring Books; London, 1967.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e2. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Encyclopedia Sinica \u003c/emph\u003eCouling, Samuel Kelly \u0026amp; Walsh; Shanghai, 1917.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e3. Thiel, albert W.R.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eChinese Pottery and Stoneware \u003c/emph\u003eThos. nelson \u0026amp; Sons; N.Y., N.D.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e4. Goette, John: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eJade Lore \u003c/emph\u003eKelly \u0026amp; Walsh; Shanghai, 1936.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e5. Forsyth, Robb. Coventry: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eShanting, The Sacred Province of China \u003c/emph\u003eChristian Literature Society; Shanghai, 1912\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e6. Graham, Dorothy: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThrough the moon Door \u003c/emph\u003eJ. H. Sears \u0026amp; Co.; N.Y., 1926.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e7. Brandt, J.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eIntroduction to Literary Chinese \u003c/emph\u003eNorth China Union Language School; Peking, 1927.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e8. Weale, B.L. Putnam: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Vanished Empire \u003c/emph\u003eMacmillan \u0026amp; Co.; London, 1926.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e9. Jennu, Delia: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLetter from Peking \u003c/emph\u003eOxford UP; London, 1967.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e10. Busheel, Stephen W.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eChinese [UNK] \u003c/emph\u003eV. I Eyre \u0026amp; Spottiswoode; London, 1909.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e11. Smith, Arthur H.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eChinese Characteristics \u003c/emph\u003e3rd ed. Fleming H. Revell Co.; n.y., 1894.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e12. Grubb, Norman P.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eC.T.Studd, \u003c/emph\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCricketer \u0026amp; Pioneer \u003c/emph\u003eReligious Tract Society; London, 1933.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e13. Martin, W.A.P.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Siege in Peking \u003c/emph\u003eOliphant Anderson \u0026amp; Ferrier; Edinburgh, 1900.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e14. Lymn, Jermyn Chi-Hung: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSocial Life of The Chinese in Peking \u003c/emph\u003eChina Booksellers; Peking, 1928.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e15. Strong, [UNK] [UNK]: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ea Sketch of Chinese Cuts \u0026amp; Crafts \u003c/emph\u003eChina Bhsellers; Peking, 1926.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Reference Materials"],"bibliography_tesim":["1. Palmer, J.P.:  Jade  Spring Books; London, 1967.","2.  The Encyclopedia Sinica  Couling, Samuel Kelly \u0026 Walsh; Shanghai, 1917.","3. Thiel, albert W.R.:  Chinese Pottery and Stoneware  Thos. nelson \u0026 Sons; N.Y., N.D.","4. Goette, John:  Jade Lore  Kelly \u0026 Walsh; Shanghai, 1936.","5. Forsyth, Robb. Coventry:  Shanting, The Sacred Province of China  Christian Literature Society; Shanghai, 1912","6. Graham, Dorothy:  Through the moon Door  J. H. Sears \u0026 Co.; N.Y., 1926.","7. Brandt, J.:  Introduction to Literary Chinese  North China Union Language School; Peking, 1927.","8. Weale, B.L. Putnam:  The Vanished Empire  Macmillan \u0026 Co.; London, 1926.","9. Jennu, Delia:  Letter from Peking  Oxford UP; London, 1967.","10. Busheel, Stephen W.:  Chinese [UNK]  V. I Eyre \u0026 Spottiswoode; London, 1909.","11. Smith, Arthur H.:  Chinese Characteristics  3rd ed. Fleming H. Revell Co.; n.y., 1894.","12. Grubb, Norman P.:  C.T.Studd,  Cricketer \u0026 Pioneer  Religious Tract Society; London, 1933.","13. Martin, W.A.P.:  The Siege in Peking  Oliphant Anderson \u0026 Ferrier; Edinburgh, 1900.","14. Lymn, Jermyn Chi-Hung:  Social Life of The Chinese in Peking  China Booksellers; Peking, 1928.","15. Strong, [UNK] [UNK]:  a Sketch of Chinese Cuts \u0026 Crafts  China Bhsellers; Peking, 1926."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe daughter of Dr. Charles Fletcher Johnson and Agnes Elliott Johnson, Ruth Clarke was born on April 2, 1890 in Wei Hsien, Shantung, China where she quickly mastered Mandarin Chinese. She was educated at Miss Jewell's School in Shanghai which was also attended by Miss Pearl Buck. After visiting her Uncle Hosmer Johnson in Washington D.C., Ruth entered and graduated from Wilson College (Chambersburg, Pa.) in 1912. She then returned to Shanghai to accept a teaching position at Miss Jewell's.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1916 Ruth Johnson accepted a new position in the Peking American School. It was there that she met J. Eric G. Clarke whom she married on June 21, 1916 in Tsinanfu, Shantung. The Rev. W. P. Chalfant officiated. Kathleen Clarke, Margaret Emma Johnson, Gerald Clarke and Hosmer F. Johnson were members of the wedding party Dating from this ceremony, the couple often signed their combined correspondence Rutheric. Following a brief honeymoon in Tai Shan, the couple returned to Peking where they resided for the next 16 years. During this period Mrs. Clarke made several trips to the United States where she exhibited many of the fabulous Oriental art treasures she had collected throughout her stay in China.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSoon after the couple moved to Shanghai the threat of war between Japan and China became reality. Overnight, internment camps were set up for aliens like the Clarkes. Their homes were occupied by Japanese soldiers as soon as they were evacuated by the local Occupation authorities. From April 10, 1943 until a few weeks following the Japanese surrender to MacArthur on August 14, 1945, the Clarkes were confined at Lung Hwa Camp near Peking.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAmong the nearly 1800 interns at Lung Hwa were men and women from all professions and backgrounds. Although spirits were high during the first season at the camp, morale worsened during the winter--food became scarce and poorer in quality and the stoves which the Japanese installed on each floor of the ten dormitories were never lit. The cubicles they occupied were 4`8 by 22' long. Despite the difficult conditions they encountered at the camp, the Clarkes and their fellow inmates managed to maintain a high level of personal development which is reflected in the many activities enjoyed at the camp: lectures, plays, musical productions and many other kinds of intellectual stimulation. One of the most amusing highlights of their stay was the development of a game called Dictionary Please. Because of their limited reading material, the Clarkes designed a game which relied only upon the dictionary they brought with them and their active imaginations. The game was so successful that it became a partial livelihood following their return to America in 1946.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResiding in Portland, Oregon, Mr. and Mrs. Clarke remained active socially and intellectually. Mrs. Clarke served as president of Zonta International and the Lewis and Clarke's Women's League. Mrs. Clarke now resides in Mountain View, California.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The daughter of Dr. Charles Fletcher Johnson and Agnes Elliott Johnson, Ruth Clarke was born on April 2, 1890 in Wei Hsien, Shantung, China where she quickly mastered Mandarin Chinese. She was educated at Miss Jewell's School in Shanghai which was also attended by Miss Pearl Buck. After visiting her Uncle Hosmer Johnson in Washington D.C., Ruth entered and graduated from Wilson College (Chambersburg, Pa.) in 1912. She then returned to Shanghai to accept a teaching position at Miss Jewell's.","In 1916 Ruth Johnson accepted a new position in the Peking American School. It was there that she met J. Eric G. Clarke whom she married on June 21, 1916 in Tsinanfu, Shantung. The Rev. W. P. Chalfant officiated. Kathleen Clarke, Margaret Emma Johnson, Gerald Clarke and Hosmer F. Johnson were members of the wedding party Dating from this ceremony, the couple often signed their combined correspondence Rutheric. Following a brief honeymoon in Tai Shan, the couple returned to Peking where they resided for the next 16 years. During this period Mrs. Clarke made several trips to the United States where she exhibited many of the fabulous Oriental art treasures she had collected throughout her stay in China.","Soon after the couple moved to Shanghai the threat of war between Japan and China became reality. Overnight, internment camps were set up for aliens like the Clarkes. Their homes were occupied by Japanese soldiers as soon as they were evacuated by the local Occupation authorities. From April 10, 1943 until a few weeks following the Japanese surrender to MacArthur on August 14, 1945, the Clarkes were confined at Lung Hwa Camp near Peking.","Among the nearly 1800 interns at Lung Hwa were men and women from all professions and backgrounds. Although spirits were high during the first season at the camp, morale worsened during the winter--food became scarce and poorer in quality and the stoves which the Japanese installed on each floor of the ten dormitories were never lit. The cubicles they occupied were 4`8 by 22' long. Despite the difficult conditions they encountered at the camp, the Clarkes and their fellow inmates managed to maintain a high level of personal development which is reflected in the many activities enjoyed at the camp: lectures, plays, musical productions and many other kinds of intellectual stimulation. One of the most amusing highlights of their stay was the development of a game called Dictionary Please. Because of their limited reading material, the Clarkes designed a game which relied only upon the dictionary they brought with them and their active imaginations. The game was so successful that it became a partial livelihood following their return to America in 1946.","Residing in Portland, Oregon, Mr. and Mrs. Clarke remained active socially and intellectually. Mrs. Clarke served as president of Zonta International and the Lewis and Clarke's Women's League. Mrs. Clarke now resides in Mountain View, California."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGift of Ruth Elliott Johnson Clarke.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["Gift of Ruth Elliott Johnson Clarke."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item] Clarke Family Papers, M0292, Dept. of Special Collections, Stanford University Libraries, Stanford, Calif.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item] Clarke Family Papers, M0292, Dept. of Special Collections, Stanford University Libraries, Stanford, Calif."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, photographs (of China), books and pamphlets about Chinese art, etc.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Correspondence, photographs (of China), books and pamphlets about Chinese art, etc."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProperty rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Publication Rights"],"userestrict_tesim":["Property rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections."],"names_ssim":["Department of Special Collections and University Archives","Clarke family"],"corpname_ssim":["Department of Special Collections and University Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Clarke family"],"famname_ssim":["Clarke family"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":348,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"m0292-xml","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:07:35.736Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/m0292-xml_aspace_ref95_qpp"}},{"id":"2013C4-xml_ref36","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"English translation of the tape recording for pretrial 庭审前预备会议录音的英文翻译, 1952-1958","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/2013C4-xml_ref36#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"ref36","ref_ssm":["ref36","ref36"],"id":"2013C4-xml_ref36","title_filing_ssi":"English translation of the tape recording for pretrial 庭审前预备会议录音的英文翻译,","title_ssm":["English translation of the tape recording for pretrial 庭审前预备会议录音的英文翻译,"],"title_tesim":["English translation of the tape recording for pretrial 庭审前预备会议录音的英文翻译,"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1952-1958"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1952-1958"],"normalized_title_ssm":["English translation of the tape recording for pretrial 庭审前预备会议录音的英文翻译, 1952-1958"],"text":["English translation of the tape recording for pretrial 庭审前预备会议录音的英文翻译, 1952-1958","Song Feiqing (宋棐卿) papers, 1926-2009","Documents for pretrial and trial on factory ownership in Hong Kong 有關香港工廠所有權問題的开庭相关文件, 1952-1963","Box-folder 4:7"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ssim":["2013C4-xml","ref34"],"parent_ssi":"ref34","parent_ids_ssim":["2013C4-xml","2013C4-xml_ref34"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Song Feiqing (宋棐卿) papers, 1926-2009","Documents for pretrial and trial on factory ownership in Hong Kong 有關香港工廠所有權問題的开庭相关文件, 1952-1963"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Song Feiqing (宋棐卿) papers, 1926-2009","Documents for pretrial and trial on factory ownership in Hong Kong 有關香港工廠所有權問題的开庭相关文件, 1952-1963"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"repository_ssim":["Hoover Institution Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Song Feiqing (宋棐卿) papers, 1926-2009"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":26,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research.","The Hoover Institution Archives only allows access to \n                copies of audiovisual items. To listen to sound recordings or to view videos or films during your visit, please contact the Archives at least two working days before your arrival. We will then advise you of the accessibility of the material you wish to see or hear. Please note that not all audiovisual material is immediately accessible."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["For copyright status, please contact the Hoover Institution Archives."],"containers_ssim":["Box-folder 4:7"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#1","_nest_parent_":"2013C4-xml_ref34","_root_":"2013C4-xml","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:00:35.990Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"2013C4-xml","title_filing_ssi":"Song Feiqing papers","title_ssm":["Song Feiqing (宋棐卿) papers"],"title_tesim":["Song Feiqing (宋棐卿) papers"],"ead_ssi":"2013C4.xml","unitdate_ssm":["1926-2009"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1926-2009"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["2013C4"],"text":["2013C4","Song Feiqing (宋棐卿) papers, 1926-2009","Business enterprises--China--Hong Kong.","Business enterprises--China.","The collection is open for research.","The Hoover Institution Archives only allows access to \n                 copies  of audiovisual items. To listen to sound recordings or to view videos or films during your visit, please contact the Archives at least two working days before your arrival. We will then advise you of the accessibility of the material you wish to see or hear. Please note that not all audiovisual material is immediately accessible.","Materials may have been added to the collection since this finding aid was prepared. To determine if this has occurred, find the collection in Stanford University's online catalog at \n                 http://searchworks.stanford.edu/ . Materials have been added to the collection if the number of boxes listed in the catalog is larger than the number of boxes listed in this finding aid.","Born in 1898, the Chinese businessman Song Feiqing is best known for his role in modern China's industrialization and promoting the spirit of entrepreneurship in China. \n                Born into a Christian family in Shandong Province, in the early 1920s Song went to Chicago to study business management at Northwestern University. \n                In 1925, he returned to China and spent the next several years working in his father's business in Tianjin. \n                Seeing that China's industry was lacking entrepreneurship, especially in the textile market where foreign countries were profiting at China's expense, in 1932 Song established the Oriental Corporation (Dongya) in Tianjin. \n                That corporation became China's first textile company to use Chinese wool to produce its yarn and to sell its products both domestically and internationally. \n                By the 1940s, the corporation had become the largest yarn production company in China, having garnered more than 80 percent of the domestic Chinese market.","Song's entrepreneurship transformed the business environment in modern China. \n                In addition, Song brought his religious beliefs into his management style and enterprise culture, as well as forming a social communication network that relied on the Christian spirit to serve his entrepreneurial purposes. \n                After the Chinese Communists won the civil war and established the People's Republic in 1949, Song struggled to keep his enterprises intact but was unable to do so. \n                In 1950, he moved his company to Hong Kong and later immigrated to Argentina. He died in Buenos Aires in 1955.","The papers of Song Feiqing include correspondence, writings, legal and financial records, printed matter, motion picture film, and audiovisual material relating to the operations of the Oriental Corporation in Tianjin, China and then in Hong Kong, including what part Christian beliefs played in Song's management practices. The papers also provide a rare glimpse into the formation of industrialization and entrepreneurship in China’s recent past.","For copyright status, please contact the Hoover Institution Archives.","Correspondence, writings, legal and financial records, printed matter, motion picture film, and audiovisual material relating to operations of the Oriental Corporation in Tianjin, China and subsequently in Hong Kong.","Hoover Institution Archives","Hoover Institution Archives","Oriental Corporation.","Song, Feiqing, 1898-1955.","Chinese  and  English"],"unitid_tesim":["2013C4"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1926-2009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Song Feiqing (宋棐卿) papers, 1926-2009"],"collection_title_tesim":["Song Feiqing (宋棐卿) papers, 1926-2009"],"collection_ssim":["Song Feiqing (宋棐卿) papers, 1926-2009"],"repository_ssm":["Hoover Institution Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Hoover Institution Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Song, Feiqing, 1898-1955."],"creator_ssim":["Song, Feiqing, 1898-1955."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Song, Feiqing, 1898-1955."],"creators_ssim":["Song, Feiqing, 1898-1955."],"access_terms_ssm":["For copyright status, please contact the Hoover Institution Archives."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Materials were acquired by the Hoover Institution Archives in 2013."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Business enterprises--China--Hong Kong.","Business enterprises--China."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Business enterprises--China--Hong Kong.","Business enterprises--China."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8 manuscript boxes, 1 motion picture film reel (4 linear feet)"],"extent_tesim":["8 manuscript boxes, 1 motion picture film reel (4 linear feet)"],"date_range_isim":[1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Hoover Institution Archives only allows access to \n                \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ecopies\u003c/emph\u003e of audiovisual items. To listen to sound recordings or to view videos or films during your visit, please contact the Archives at least two working days before your arrival. We will then advise you of the accessibility of the material you wish to see or hear. Please note that not all audiovisual material is immediately accessible.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research.","The Hoover Institution Archives only allows access to \n                 copies  of audiovisual items. To listen to sound recordings or to view videos or films during your visit, please contact the Archives at least two working days before your arrival. We will then advise you of the accessibility of the material you wish to see or hear. Please note that not all audiovisual material is immediately accessible."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials may have been added to the collection since this finding aid was prepared. To determine if this has occurred, find the collection in Stanford University's online catalog at \n                \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://searchworks.stanford.edu/\"\u003ehttp://searchworks.stanford.edu/\u003c/extref\u003e. Materials have been added to the collection if the number of boxes listed in the catalog is larger than the number of boxes listed in this finding aid.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"accruals_tesim":["Materials may have been added to the collection since this finding aid was prepared. To determine if this has occurred, find the collection in Stanford University's online catalog at \n                 http://searchworks.stanford.edu/ . Materials have been added to the collection if the number of boxes listed in the catalog is larger than the number of boxes listed in this finding aid."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn in 1898, the Chinese businessman Song Feiqing is best known for his role in modern China's industrialization and promoting the spirit of entrepreneurship in China. \n                Born into a Christian family in Shandong Province, in the early 1920s Song went to Chicago to study business management at Northwestern University. \n                In 1925, he returned to China and spent the next several years working in his father's business in Tianjin. \n                Seeing that China's industry was lacking entrepreneurship, especially in the textile market where foreign countries were profiting at China's expense, in 1932 Song established the Oriental Corporation (Dongya) in Tianjin. \n                That corporation became China's first textile company to use Chinese wool to produce its yarn and to sell its products both domestically and internationally. \n                By the 1940s, the corporation had become the largest yarn production company in China, having garnered more than 80 percent of the domestic Chinese market.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSong's entrepreneurship transformed the business environment in modern China. \n                In addition, Song brought his religious beliefs into his management style and enterprise culture, as well as forming a social communication network that relied on the Christian spirit to serve his entrepreneurial purposes. \n                After the Chinese Communists won the civil war and established the People's Republic in 1949, Song struggled to keep his enterprises intact but was unable to do so. \n                In 1950, he moved his company to Hong Kong and later immigrated to Argentina. He died in Buenos Aires in 1955.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born in 1898, the Chinese businessman Song Feiqing is best known for his role in modern China's industrialization and promoting the spirit of entrepreneurship in China. \n                Born into a Christian family in Shandong Province, in the early 1920s Song went to Chicago to study business management at Northwestern University. \n                In 1925, he returned to China and spent the next several years working in his father's business in Tianjin. \n                Seeing that China's industry was lacking entrepreneurship, especially in the textile market where foreign countries were profiting at China's expense, in 1932 Song established the Oriental Corporation (Dongya) in Tianjin. \n                That corporation became China's first textile company to use Chinese wool to produce its yarn and to sell its products both domestically and internationally. \n                By the 1940s, the corporation had become the largest yarn production company in China, having garnered more than 80 percent of the domestic Chinese market.","Song's entrepreneurship transformed the business environment in modern China. \n                In addition, Song brought his religious beliefs into his management style and enterprise culture, as well as forming a social communication network that relied on the Christian spirit to serve his entrepreneurial purposes. \n                After the Chinese Communists won the civil war and established the People's Republic in 1949, Song struggled to keep his enterprises intact but was unable to do so. \n                In 1950, he moved his company to Hong Kong and later immigrated to Argentina. He died in Buenos Aires in 1955."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Song Feiqing papers, [Box no.], Hoover Institution Archives\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Song Feiqing papers, [Box no.], Hoover Institution Archives"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Song Feiqing include correspondence, writings, legal and financial records, printed matter, motion picture film, and audiovisual material relating to the operations of the Oriental Corporation in Tianjin, China and then in Hong Kong, including what part Christian beliefs played in Song's management practices. The papers also provide a rare glimpse into the formation of industrialization and entrepreneurship in China’s recent past.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content of Collection"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Song Feiqing include correspondence, writings, legal and financial records, printed matter, motion picture film, and audiovisual material relating to the operations of the Oriental Corporation in Tianjin, China and then in Hong Kong, including what part Christian beliefs played in Song's management practices. The papers also provide a rare glimpse into the formation of industrialization and entrepreneurship in China’s recent past."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFor copyright status, please contact the Hoover Institution Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Publication Rights"],"userestrict_tesim":["For copyright status, please contact the Hoover Institution Archives."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref2\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCorrespondence, writings, legal and financial records, printed matter, motion picture film, and audiovisual material relating to operations of the Oriental Corporation in Tianjin, China and subsequently in Hong Kong.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Correspondence, writings, legal and financial records, printed matter, motion picture film, and audiovisual material relating to operations of the Oriental Corporation in Tianjin, China and subsequently in Hong Kong."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"ref3\" label=\"Physical Location\"\u003eHoover Institution Archives\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Hoover Institution Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Oriental Corporation."],"names_ssim":["Hoover Institution Archives","Oriental Corporation.","Song, Feiqing, 1898-1955."],"corpname_ssim":["Hoover Institution Archives","Oriental Corporation."],"persname_ssim":["Song, Feiqing, 1898-1955."],"language_ssim":["Chinese  and  English"],"total_component_count_is":68,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"2013C4-xml","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:00:35.990Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/2013C4-xml_ref36"}},{"id":"umich-scl-rosenberg_aspace_898463e7803009ad0ee98dd847d0f04d","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Envelopes from Germany and Switzerland censored during World War II to Alfred\n            Rosenberg, 1941-1942","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-scl-rosenberg_aspace_898463e7803009ad0ee98dd847d0f04d#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"aspace_898463e7803009ad0ee98dd847d0f04d","ref_ssm":["aspace_898463e7803009ad0ee98dd847d0f04d","aspace_898463e7803009ad0ee98dd847d0f04d"],"id":"umich-scl-rosenberg_aspace_898463e7803009ad0ee98dd847d0f04d","title_filing_ssi":"Envelopes from Germany and Switzerland censored during World War II to Alfred\n            Rosenberg","title_ssm":["Envelopes from Germany and Switzerland censored during World War II to Alfred\n            Rosenberg"],"title_tesim":["Envelopes from Germany and Switzerland censored during World War II to Alfred\n            Rosenberg"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1941-1942"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1941-1942"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Envelopes from Germany and Switzerland censored during World War II to Alfred\n            Rosenberg, 1941-1942"],"text":["Envelopes from Germany and Switzerland censored during World War II to Alfred\n            Rosenberg, 1941-1942","Rosenberg Family Correspondence, 1938-2010, bulk 1938-1946","Box 2","Folder 40"],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ssim":["umich-scl-rosenberg"],"parent_ssi":"umich-scl-rosenberg","parent_ids_ssim":["umich-scl-rosenberg"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Rosenberg Family Correspondence, 1938-2010, bulk 1938-1946"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Rosenberg Family Correspondence, 1938-2010, bulk 1938-1946"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. Special Collections Research Center"],"collection_ssim":["Rosenberg Family Correspondence, 1938-2010, bulk 1938-1946"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":109,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Copyright has not been transferred ot the Regents of the University of Michigan. Permission\n        to publish must be obtained from the copyright holder(s)."],"date_range_isim":[1941,1942],"containers_ssim":["Box 2","Folder 40"],"_nest_path_":"/components#108","_nest_parent_":"umich-scl-rosenberg","_root_":"umich-scl-rosenberg","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:24:49.805Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"umich-scl-rosenberg","title_filing_ssi":"Rosenberg Family Correspondence","title_ssm":["Rosenberg Family Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Rosenberg Family Correspondence"],"ead_ssi":"umich-scl-rosenberg","unitdate_ssm":["1938-2010","1938-1946"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1938-1946"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1938-2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["rosenberg"],"text":["rosenberg","Rosenberg Family Correspondence, 1938-2010, bulk 1938-1946","The collection is open for research.","These letters were written by various members of the Rosenberg family, particularly parents\n        Johanna and Nathan; son Julius, b. 1900 (living in Breisach, Germany, and often writing with\n        his fiancee Emmy); son Eugen, b. 1901 (living in Palestine with his wife Lea and a young\n        son); son Alfred, b. 1911 (living in Brooklyn and later Pennsylvania with his wife, Alise,\n        and her parents). The letters were received and collected by Alfred Rosenberg and donated by\n        his son, Victor Rosenberg. In 1940 Julius, Emmy, Nathan, Johanna, and other extended family\n        members from Breisach were deported to a labor camp in Gurs, France. Johanna died while\n        interned there in 1941. The camp was deported to Auschwitz in August 1942, where Julius was\n        murdered. Further information about Emmy, including her family name, is unknown. Nathan\n        survived the war at a hospice in southern France and died there in December 1945.","This collection contains one linear foot of material and includes 105 letters between\n        Rosenberg family members, friends, and acquaintances. It documents the firsthand experiences\n        of a German Jewish family before, during, and after the Holocaust, and also includes the\n        experiences of family members who emigrated from Germany in the years immediately before the\n        Second World War. The letters were received and collected by Alfred Rosenberg, and as a\n        result most are addressed to him and Alise Rosenberg and few are written by them.","Copyright has not been transferred ot the Regents of the University of Michigan. Permission\n        to publish must be obtained from the copyright holder(s).","The 105 letters in this collection\n        document the experience of a German Jewish family in the years immediately before, during,\n        and shortly after World War II. Nathan and Johannna Rosenberg of Breisach, Germany, had\n        three sons: Julius (1900-1942), Eugen (1901-1964), and Alfred (1911-2005). Eugen left for\n        Palestine in 1935. Alfred, with his wife and her parents immigrated to the United States in\n        August 1938. Most of the letters were written to Alfred by his brothers, his parents, and\n        other relatives between 1938 and 1946. Most of the letters are from Julius, Emmy, Nathan,\n        and Johanna; some of these they wrote from the labor camp in Gurs to which many Jews in\n        Breisach were deported in October 1940. Contains typewritten transcriptions (German) and\n        English translations for most letters. ","Testing import and export","Rosenberg, Alfred","Rosenberg, Alise","Rosenberg, Victor","Rosenberg, Eugen","Rosenberg, Julius","Rosenberg, Johanna","Rosenberg, Nathan","Rosenberg, Emmy","The collection is mostly in\n          German. There are also materials in English,\n          Hebrew, Yiddish, and\n        French."],"unitid_tesim":["rosenberg"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1938-2010, bulk 1938-1946"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rosenberg Family Correspondence, 1938-2010, bulk 1938-1946"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rosenberg Family Correspondence, 1938-2010, bulk 1938-1946"],"collection_ssim":["Rosenberg Family Correspondence, 1938-2010, bulk 1938-1946"],"repository_ssm":["University of Michigan. Special Collections Research Center"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssm":["Rosenberg, Alfred","Rosenberg, Alise","Rosenberg, Victor","Rosenberg, Eugen","Rosenberg, Julius","Rosenberg, Johanna","Rosenberg, Nathan","Rosenberg, Emmy"],"creator_ssim":["Rosenberg, Alfred","Rosenberg, Alise","Rosenberg, Victor","Rosenberg, Eugen","Rosenberg, Julius","Rosenberg, Johanna","Rosenberg, Nathan","Rosenberg, Emmy"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Rosenberg, Alfred","Rosenberg, Alise","Rosenberg, Victor","Rosenberg, Eugen","Rosenberg, Julius","Rosenberg, Johanna","Rosenberg, Nathan","Rosenberg, Emmy"],"creators_ssim":["Rosenberg, Alfred","Rosenberg, Alise","Rosenberg, Victor","Rosenberg, Eugen","Rosenberg, Julius","Rosenberg, Johanna","Rosenberg, Nathan","Rosenberg, Emmy"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright has not been transferred ot the Regents of the University of Michigan. Permission\n        to publish must be obtained from the copyright holder(s)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Victor Rosenberg, 2009."],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["1 Linear Feet 2 manuscript boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1 Linear Feet 2 manuscript boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThese letters were written by various members of the Rosenberg family, particularly parents\n        Johanna and Nathan; son Julius, b. 1900 (living in Breisach, Germany, and often writing with\n        his fiancee Emmy); son Eugen, b. 1901 (living in Palestine with his wife Lea and a young\n        son); son Alfred, b. 1911 (living in Brooklyn and later Pennsylvania with his wife, Alise,\n        and her parents). The letters were received and collected by Alfred Rosenberg and donated by\n        his son, Victor Rosenberg. In 1940 Julius, Emmy, Nathan, Johanna, and other extended family\n        members from Breisach were deported to a labor camp in Gurs, France. Johanna died while\n        interned there in 1941. The camp was deported to Auschwitz in August 1942, where Julius was\n        murdered. Further information about Emmy, including her family name, is unknown. Nathan\n        survived the war at a hospice in southern France and died there in December 1945.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["These letters were written by various members of the Rosenberg family, particularly parents\n        Johanna and Nathan; son Julius, b. 1900 (living in Breisach, Germany, and often writing with\n        his fiancee Emmy); son Eugen, b. 1901 (living in Palestine with his wife Lea and a young\n        son); son Alfred, b. 1911 (living in Brooklyn and later Pennsylvania with his wife, Alise,\n        and her parents). The letters were received and collected by Alfred Rosenberg and donated by\n        his son, Victor Rosenberg. In 1940 Julius, Emmy, Nathan, Johanna, and other extended family\n        members from Breisach were deported to a labor camp in Gurs, France. Johanna died while\n        interned there in 1941. The camp was deported to Auschwitz in August 1942, where Julius was\n        murdered. Further information about Emmy, including her family name, is unknown. Nathan\n        survived the war at a hospice in southern France and died there in December 1945."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRosenberg Family Correspondence, University of Michigan Library (Special Collections\n        Research Center)\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Rosenberg Family Correspondence, University of Michigan Library (Special Collections\n        Research Center)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains one linear foot of material and includes 105 letters between\n        Rosenberg family members, friends, and acquaintances. It documents the firsthand experiences\n        of a German Jewish family before, during, and after the Holocaust, and also includes the\n        experiences of family members who emigrated from Germany in the years immediately before the\n        Second World War. The letters were received and collected by Alfred Rosenberg, and as a\n        result most are addressed to him and Alise Rosenberg and few are written by them.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains one linear foot of material and includes 105 letters between\n        Rosenberg family members, friends, and acquaintances. It documents the firsthand experiences\n        of a German Jewish family before, during, and after the Holocaust, and also includes the\n        experiences of family members who emigrated from Germany in the years immediately before the\n        Second World War. The letters were received and collected by Alfred Rosenberg, and as a\n        result most are addressed to him and Alise Rosenberg and few are written by them."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright has not been transferred ot the Regents of the University of Michigan. Permission\n        to publish must be obtained from the copyright holder(s).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright has not been transferred ot the Regents of the University of Michigan. Permission\n        to publish must be obtained from the copyright holder(s)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_2a0dde5c38142197e5d859fb9828da6a\"\u003eThe 105 letters in this collection\n        document the experience of a German Jewish family in the years immediately before, during,\n        and shortly after World War II. Nathan and Johannna Rosenberg of Breisach, Germany, had\n        three sons: Julius (1900-1942), Eugen (1901-1964), and Alfred (1911-2005). Eugen left for\n        Palestine in 1935. Alfred, with his wife and her parents immigrated to the United States in\n        August 1938. Most of the letters were written to Alfred by his brothers, his parents, and\n        other relatives between 1938 and 1946. Most of the letters are from Julius, Emmy, Nathan,\n        and Johanna; some of these they wrote from the labor camp in Gurs to which many Jews in\n        Breisach were deported in October 1940. Contains typewritten transcriptions (German) and\n        English translations for most letters. \u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The 105 letters in this collection\n        document the experience of a German Jewish family in the years immediately before, during,\n        and shortly after World War II. Nathan and Johannna Rosenberg of Breisach, Germany, had\n        three sons: Julius (1900-1942), Eugen (1901-1964), and Alfred (1911-2005). Eugen left for\n        Palestine in 1935. Alfred, with his wife and her parents immigrated to the United States in\n        August 1938. Most of the letters were written to Alfred by his brothers, his parents, and\n        other relatives between 1938 and 1946. Most of the letters are from Julius, Emmy, Nathan,\n        and Johanna; some of these they wrote from the labor camp in Gurs to which many Jews in\n        Breisach were deported in October 1940. Contains typewritten transcriptions (German) and\n        English translations for most letters. "],"names_ssim":["Testing import and export","Rosenberg, Alfred","Rosenberg, Alise","Rosenberg, Victor","Rosenberg, Eugen","Rosenberg, Julius","Rosenberg, Johanna","Rosenberg, Nathan","Rosenberg, Emmy"],"corpname_ssim":["Testing import and export"],"persname_ssim":["Rosenberg, Alfred","Rosenberg, Alise","Rosenberg, Victor","Rosenberg, Eugen","Rosenberg, Julius","Rosenberg, Johanna","Rosenberg, Nathan","Rosenberg, Emmy"],"language_ssim":["The collection is mostly in\n          German. There are also materials in English,\n          Hebrew, Yiddish, and\n        French."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":113,"online_item_count_is":104,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"umich-scl-rosenberg","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:24:49.805Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-scl-rosenberg_aspace_898463e7803009ad0ee98dd847d0f04d"}},{"id":"umich-scl-rosenberg_aspace_24c7f1e73d2e94dbd3fe9168686ed3dc","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Envelopes from Germany and Switzerland censored during World War II to Erna\n            Baum/the Baum siblings, December 5, 1945","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-scl-rosenberg_aspace_24c7f1e73d2e94dbd3fe9168686ed3dc#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"aspace_24c7f1e73d2e94dbd3fe9168686ed3dc","ref_ssm":["aspace_24c7f1e73d2e94dbd3fe9168686ed3dc","aspace_24c7f1e73d2e94dbd3fe9168686ed3dc"],"id":"umich-scl-rosenberg_aspace_24c7f1e73d2e94dbd3fe9168686ed3dc","title_filing_ssi":"Envelopes from Germany and Switzerland censored during World War II to Erna\n            Baum/the Baum siblings","title_ssm":["Envelopes from Germany and Switzerland censored during World War II to Erna\n            Baum/the Baum siblings"],"title_tesim":["Envelopes from Germany and Switzerland censored during World War II to Erna\n            Baum/the Baum siblings"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["December 5, 1945"],"normalized_date_ssm":["December 5, 1945"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Envelopes from Germany and Switzerland censored during World War II to Erna\n            Baum/the Baum siblings, December 5, 1945"],"text":["Envelopes from Germany and Switzerland censored during World War II to Erna\n            Baum/the Baum siblings, December 5, 1945","Rosenberg Family Correspondence, 1938-2010, bulk 1938-1946","Box 2","Folder 38"],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ssim":["umich-scl-rosenberg"],"parent_ssi":"umich-scl-rosenberg","parent_ids_ssim":["umich-scl-rosenberg"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Rosenberg Family Correspondence, 1938-2010, bulk 1938-1946"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Rosenberg Family Correspondence, 1938-2010, bulk 1938-1946"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. Special Collections Research Center"],"collection_ssim":["Rosenberg Family Correspondence, 1938-2010, bulk 1938-1946"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":107,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Copyright has not been transferred ot the Regents of the University of Michigan. Permission\n        to publish must be obtained from the copyright holder(s)."],"date_range_isim":[1945],"containers_ssim":["Box 2","Folder 38"],"_nest_path_":"/components#106","_nest_parent_":"umich-scl-rosenberg","_root_":"umich-scl-rosenberg","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:24:49.805Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"umich-scl-rosenberg","title_filing_ssi":"Rosenberg Family Correspondence","title_ssm":["Rosenberg Family Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Rosenberg Family Correspondence"],"ead_ssi":"umich-scl-rosenberg","unitdate_ssm":["1938-2010","1938-1946"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1938-1946"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1938-2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["rosenberg"],"text":["rosenberg","Rosenberg Family Correspondence, 1938-2010, bulk 1938-1946","The collection is open for research.","These letters were written by various members of the Rosenberg family, particularly parents\n        Johanna and Nathan; son Julius, b. 1900 (living in Breisach, Germany, and often writing with\n        his fiancee Emmy); son Eugen, b. 1901 (living in Palestine with his wife Lea and a young\n        son); son Alfred, b. 1911 (living in Brooklyn and later Pennsylvania with his wife, Alise,\n        and her parents). The letters were received and collected by Alfred Rosenberg and donated by\n        his son, Victor Rosenberg. In 1940 Julius, Emmy, Nathan, Johanna, and other extended family\n        members from Breisach were deported to a labor camp in Gurs, France. Johanna died while\n        interned there in 1941. The camp was deported to Auschwitz in August 1942, where Julius was\n        murdered. Further information about Emmy, including her family name, is unknown. Nathan\n        survived the war at a hospice in southern France and died there in December 1945.","This collection contains one linear foot of material and includes 105 letters between\n        Rosenberg family members, friends, and acquaintances. It documents the firsthand experiences\n        of a German Jewish family before, during, and after the Holocaust, and also includes the\n        experiences of family members who emigrated from Germany in the years immediately before the\n        Second World War. The letters were received and collected by Alfred Rosenberg, and as a\n        result most are addressed to him and Alise Rosenberg and few are written by them.","Copyright has not been transferred ot the Regents of the University of Michigan. Permission\n        to publish must be obtained from the copyright holder(s).","The 105 letters in this collection\n        document the experience of a German Jewish family in the years immediately before, during,\n        and shortly after World War II. Nathan and Johannna Rosenberg of Breisach, Germany, had\n        three sons: Julius (1900-1942), Eugen (1901-1964), and Alfred (1911-2005). Eugen left for\n        Palestine in 1935. Alfred, with his wife and her parents immigrated to the United States in\n        August 1938. Most of the letters were written to Alfred by his brothers, his parents, and\n        other relatives between 1938 and 1946. Most of the letters are from Julius, Emmy, Nathan,\n        and Johanna; some of these they wrote from the labor camp in Gurs to which many Jews in\n        Breisach were deported in October 1940. Contains typewritten transcriptions (German) and\n        English translations for most letters. ","Testing import and export","Rosenberg, Alfred","Rosenberg, Alise","Rosenberg, Victor","Rosenberg, Eugen","Rosenberg, Julius","Rosenberg, Johanna","Rosenberg, Nathan","Rosenberg, Emmy","The collection is mostly in\n          German. There are also materials in English,\n          Hebrew, Yiddish, and\n        French."],"unitid_tesim":["rosenberg"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1938-2010, bulk 1938-1946"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rosenberg Family Correspondence, 1938-2010, bulk 1938-1946"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rosenberg Family Correspondence, 1938-2010, bulk 1938-1946"],"collection_ssim":["Rosenberg Family Correspondence, 1938-2010, bulk 1938-1946"],"repository_ssm":["University of Michigan. Special Collections Research Center"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssm":["Rosenberg, Alfred","Rosenberg, Alise","Rosenberg, Victor","Rosenberg, Eugen","Rosenberg, Julius","Rosenberg, Johanna","Rosenberg, Nathan","Rosenberg, Emmy"],"creator_ssim":["Rosenberg, Alfred","Rosenberg, Alise","Rosenberg, Victor","Rosenberg, Eugen","Rosenberg, Julius","Rosenberg, Johanna","Rosenberg, Nathan","Rosenberg, Emmy"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Rosenberg, Alfred","Rosenberg, Alise","Rosenberg, Victor","Rosenberg, Eugen","Rosenberg, Julius","Rosenberg, Johanna","Rosenberg, Nathan","Rosenberg, Emmy"],"creators_ssim":["Rosenberg, Alfred","Rosenberg, Alise","Rosenberg, Victor","Rosenberg, Eugen","Rosenberg, Julius","Rosenberg, Johanna","Rosenberg, Nathan","Rosenberg, Emmy"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright has not been transferred ot the Regents of the University of Michigan. Permission\n        to publish must be obtained from the copyright holder(s)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Victor Rosenberg, 2009."],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["1 Linear Feet 2 manuscript boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1 Linear Feet 2 manuscript boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThese letters were written by various members of the Rosenberg family, particularly parents\n        Johanna and Nathan; son Julius, b. 1900 (living in Breisach, Germany, and often writing with\n        his fiancee Emmy); son Eugen, b. 1901 (living in Palestine with his wife Lea and a young\n        son); son Alfred, b. 1911 (living in Brooklyn and later Pennsylvania with his wife, Alise,\n        and her parents). The letters were received and collected by Alfred Rosenberg and donated by\n        his son, Victor Rosenberg. In 1940 Julius, Emmy, Nathan, Johanna, and other extended family\n        members from Breisach were deported to a labor camp in Gurs, France. Johanna died while\n        interned there in 1941. The camp was deported to Auschwitz in August 1942, where Julius was\n        murdered. Further information about Emmy, including her family name, is unknown. Nathan\n        survived the war at a hospice in southern France and died there in December 1945.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["These letters were written by various members of the Rosenberg family, particularly parents\n        Johanna and Nathan; son Julius, b. 1900 (living in Breisach, Germany, and often writing with\n        his fiancee Emmy); son Eugen, b. 1901 (living in Palestine with his wife Lea and a young\n        son); son Alfred, b. 1911 (living in Brooklyn and later Pennsylvania with his wife, Alise,\n        and her parents). The letters were received and collected by Alfred Rosenberg and donated by\n        his son, Victor Rosenberg. In 1940 Julius, Emmy, Nathan, Johanna, and other extended family\n        members from Breisach were deported to a labor camp in Gurs, France. Johanna died while\n        interned there in 1941. The camp was deported to Auschwitz in August 1942, where Julius was\n        murdered. Further information about Emmy, including her family name, is unknown. Nathan\n        survived the war at a hospice in southern France and died there in December 1945."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRosenberg Family Correspondence, University of Michigan Library (Special Collections\n        Research Center)\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Rosenberg Family Correspondence, University of Michigan Library (Special Collections\n        Research Center)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains one linear foot of material and includes 105 letters between\n        Rosenberg family members, friends, and acquaintances. It documents the firsthand experiences\n        of a German Jewish family before, during, and after the Holocaust, and also includes the\n        experiences of family members who emigrated from Germany in the years immediately before the\n        Second World War. The letters were received and collected by Alfred Rosenberg, and as a\n        result most are addressed to him and Alise Rosenberg and few are written by them.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains one linear foot of material and includes 105 letters between\n        Rosenberg family members, friends, and acquaintances. It documents the firsthand experiences\n        of a German Jewish family before, during, and after the Holocaust, and also includes the\n        experiences of family members who emigrated from Germany in the years immediately before the\n        Second World War. The letters were received and collected by Alfred Rosenberg, and as a\n        result most are addressed to him and Alise Rosenberg and few are written by them."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright has not been transferred ot the Regents of the University of Michigan. Permission\n        to publish must be obtained from the copyright holder(s).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright has not been transferred ot the Regents of the University of Michigan. Permission\n        to publish must be obtained from the copyright holder(s)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_2a0dde5c38142197e5d859fb9828da6a\"\u003eThe 105 letters in this collection\n        document the experience of a German Jewish family in the years immediately before, during,\n        and shortly after World War II. Nathan and Johannna Rosenberg of Breisach, Germany, had\n        three sons: Julius (1900-1942), Eugen (1901-1964), and Alfred (1911-2005). Eugen left for\n        Palestine in 1935. Alfred, with his wife and her parents immigrated to the United States in\n        August 1938. Most of the letters were written to Alfred by his brothers, his parents, and\n        other relatives between 1938 and 1946. Most of the letters are from Julius, Emmy, Nathan,\n        and Johanna; some of these they wrote from the labor camp in Gurs to which many Jews in\n        Breisach were deported in October 1940. Contains typewritten transcriptions (German) and\n        English translations for most letters. \u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The 105 letters in this collection\n        document the experience of a German Jewish family in the years immediately before, during,\n        and shortly after World War II. Nathan and Johannna Rosenberg of Breisach, Germany, had\n        three sons: Julius (1900-1942), Eugen (1901-1964), and Alfred (1911-2005). Eugen left for\n        Palestine in 1935. Alfred, with his wife and her parents immigrated to the United States in\n        August 1938. Most of the letters were written to Alfred by his brothers, his parents, and\n        other relatives between 1938 and 1946. Most of the letters are from Julius, Emmy, Nathan,\n        and Johanna; some of these they wrote from the labor camp in Gurs to which many Jews in\n        Breisach were deported in October 1940. Contains typewritten transcriptions (German) and\n        English translations for most letters. "],"names_ssim":["Testing import and export","Rosenberg, Alfred","Rosenberg, Alise","Rosenberg, Victor","Rosenberg, Eugen","Rosenberg, Julius","Rosenberg, Johanna","Rosenberg, Nathan","Rosenberg, Emmy"],"corpname_ssim":["Testing import and export"],"persname_ssim":["Rosenberg, Alfred","Rosenberg, Alise","Rosenberg, Victor","Rosenberg, Eugen","Rosenberg, Julius","Rosenberg, Johanna","Rosenberg, Nathan","Rosenberg, Emmy"],"language_ssim":["The collection is mostly in\n          German. There are also materials in English,\n          Hebrew, Yiddish, and\n        French."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":113,"online_item_count_is":104,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"umich-scl-rosenberg","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:24:49.805Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-scl-rosenberg_aspace_24c7f1e73d2e94dbd3fe9168686ed3dc"}},{"id":"umich-scl-rosenberg_aspace_5d3a0e9560c96e90f019a704026caf84","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Envelopes from Germany and Switzerland censored during World War II to Jack\n            Bloch, 1941-1942","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-scl-rosenberg_aspace_5d3a0e9560c96e90f019a704026caf84#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"aspace_5d3a0e9560c96e90f019a704026caf84","ref_ssm":["aspace_5d3a0e9560c96e90f019a704026caf84","aspace_5d3a0e9560c96e90f019a704026caf84"],"id":"umich-scl-rosenberg_aspace_5d3a0e9560c96e90f019a704026caf84","title_filing_ssi":"Envelopes from Germany and Switzerland censored during World War II to Jack\n            Bloch","title_ssm":["Envelopes from Germany and Switzerland censored during World War II to Jack\n            Bloch"],"title_tesim":["Envelopes from Germany and Switzerland censored during World War II to Jack\n            Bloch"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1941-1942"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1941-1942"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Envelopes from Germany and Switzerland censored during World War II to Jack\n            Bloch, 1941-1942"],"text":["Envelopes from Germany and Switzerland censored during World War II to Jack\n            Bloch, 1941-1942","Rosenberg Family Correspondence, 1938-2010, bulk 1938-1946","Box 2","Folder 39"],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ssim":["umich-scl-rosenberg"],"parent_ssi":"umich-scl-rosenberg","parent_ids_ssim":["umich-scl-rosenberg"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Rosenberg Family Correspondence, 1938-2010, bulk 1938-1946"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Rosenberg Family Correspondence, 1938-2010, bulk 1938-1946"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. Special Collections Research Center"],"collection_ssim":["Rosenberg Family Correspondence, 1938-2010, bulk 1938-1946"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":108,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Copyright has not been transferred ot the Regents of the University of Michigan. Permission\n        to publish must be obtained from the copyright holder(s)."],"date_range_isim":[1941,1942],"containers_ssim":["Box 2","Folder 39"],"_nest_path_":"/components#107","_nest_parent_":"umich-scl-rosenberg","_root_":"umich-scl-rosenberg","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:24:49.805Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"umich-scl-rosenberg","title_filing_ssi":"Rosenberg Family Correspondence","title_ssm":["Rosenberg Family Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Rosenberg Family Correspondence"],"ead_ssi":"umich-scl-rosenberg","unitdate_ssm":["1938-2010","1938-1946"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1938-1946"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1938-2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["rosenberg"],"text":["rosenberg","Rosenberg Family Correspondence, 1938-2010, bulk 1938-1946","The collection is open for research.","These letters were written by various members of the Rosenberg family, particularly parents\n        Johanna and Nathan; son Julius, b. 1900 (living in Breisach, Germany, and often writing with\n        his fiancee Emmy); son Eugen, b. 1901 (living in Palestine with his wife Lea and a young\n        son); son Alfred, b. 1911 (living in Brooklyn and later Pennsylvania with his wife, Alise,\n        and her parents). The letters were received and collected by Alfred Rosenberg and donated by\n        his son, Victor Rosenberg. In 1940 Julius, Emmy, Nathan, Johanna, and other extended family\n        members from Breisach were deported to a labor camp in Gurs, France. Johanna died while\n        interned there in 1941. The camp was deported to Auschwitz in August 1942, where Julius was\n        murdered. Further information about Emmy, including her family name, is unknown. Nathan\n        survived the war at a hospice in southern France and died there in December 1945.","This collection contains one linear foot of material and includes 105 letters between\n        Rosenberg family members, friends, and acquaintances. It documents the firsthand experiences\n        of a German Jewish family before, during, and after the Holocaust, and also includes the\n        experiences of family members who emigrated from Germany in the years immediately before the\n        Second World War. The letters were received and collected by Alfred Rosenberg, and as a\n        result most are addressed to him and Alise Rosenberg and few are written by them.","Copyright has not been transferred ot the Regents of the University of Michigan. Permission\n        to publish must be obtained from the copyright holder(s).","The 105 letters in this collection\n        document the experience of a German Jewish family in the years immediately before, during,\n        and shortly after World War II. Nathan and Johannna Rosenberg of Breisach, Germany, had\n        three sons: Julius (1900-1942), Eugen (1901-1964), and Alfred (1911-2005). Eugen left for\n        Palestine in 1935. Alfred, with his wife and her parents immigrated to the United States in\n        August 1938. Most of the letters were written to Alfred by his brothers, his parents, and\n        other relatives between 1938 and 1946. Most of the letters are from Julius, Emmy, Nathan,\n        and Johanna; some of these they wrote from the labor camp in Gurs to which many Jews in\n        Breisach were deported in October 1940. Contains typewritten transcriptions (German) and\n        English translations for most letters. ","Testing import and export","Rosenberg, Alfred","Rosenberg, Alise","Rosenberg, Victor","Rosenberg, Eugen","Rosenberg, Julius","Rosenberg, Johanna","Rosenberg, Nathan","Rosenberg, Emmy","The collection is mostly in\n          German. There are also materials in English,\n          Hebrew, Yiddish, and\n        French."],"unitid_tesim":["rosenberg"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1938-2010, bulk 1938-1946"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rosenberg Family Correspondence, 1938-2010, bulk 1938-1946"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rosenberg Family Correspondence, 1938-2010, bulk 1938-1946"],"collection_ssim":["Rosenberg Family Correspondence, 1938-2010, bulk 1938-1946"],"repository_ssm":["University of Michigan. Special Collections Research Center"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssm":["Rosenberg, Alfred","Rosenberg, Alise","Rosenberg, Victor","Rosenberg, Eugen","Rosenberg, Julius","Rosenberg, Johanna","Rosenberg, Nathan","Rosenberg, Emmy"],"creator_ssim":["Rosenberg, Alfred","Rosenberg, Alise","Rosenberg, Victor","Rosenberg, Eugen","Rosenberg, Julius","Rosenberg, Johanna","Rosenberg, Nathan","Rosenberg, Emmy"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Rosenberg, Alfred","Rosenberg, Alise","Rosenberg, Victor","Rosenberg, Eugen","Rosenberg, Julius","Rosenberg, Johanna","Rosenberg, Nathan","Rosenberg, Emmy"],"creators_ssim":["Rosenberg, Alfred","Rosenberg, Alise","Rosenberg, Victor","Rosenberg, Eugen","Rosenberg, Julius","Rosenberg, Johanna","Rosenberg, Nathan","Rosenberg, Emmy"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright has not been transferred ot the Regents of the University of Michigan. Permission\n        to publish must be obtained from the copyright holder(s)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Victor Rosenberg, 2009."],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["1 Linear Feet 2 manuscript boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1 Linear Feet 2 manuscript boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThese letters were written by various members of the Rosenberg family, particularly parents\n        Johanna and Nathan; son Julius, b. 1900 (living in Breisach, Germany, and often writing with\n        his fiancee Emmy); son Eugen, b. 1901 (living in Palestine with his wife Lea and a young\n        son); son Alfred, b. 1911 (living in Brooklyn and later Pennsylvania with his wife, Alise,\n        and her parents). The letters were received and collected by Alfred Rosenberg and donated by\n        his son, Victor Rosenberg. In 1940 Julius, Emmy, Nathan, Johanna, and other extended family\n        members from Breisach were deported to a labor camp in Gurs, France. Johanna died while\n        interned there in 1941. The camp was deported to Auschwitz in August 1942, where Julius was\n        murdered. Further information about Emmy, including her family name, is unknown. Nathan\n        survived the war at a hospice in southern France and died there in December 1945.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["These letters were written by various members of the Rosenberg family, particularly parents\n        Johanna and Nathan; son Julius, b. 1900 (living in Breisach, Germany, and often writing with\n        his fiancee Emmy); son Eugen, b. 1901 (living in Palestine with his wife Lea and a young\n        son); son Alfred, b. 1911 (living in Brooklyn and later Pennsylvania with his wife, Alise,\n        and her parents). The letters were received and collected by Alfred Rosenberg and donated by\n        his son, Victor Rosenberg. In 1940 Julius, Emmy, Nathan, Johanna, and other extended family\n        members from Breisach were deported to a labor camp in Gurs, France. Johanna died while\n        interned there in 1941. The camp was deported to Auschwitz in August 1942, where Julius was\n        murdered. Further information about Emmy, including her family name, is unknown. Nathan\n        survived the war at a hospice in southern France and died there in December 1945."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRosenberg Family Correspondence, University of Michigan Library (Special Collections\n        Research Center)\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Rosenberg Family Correspondence, University of Michigan Library (Special Collections\n        Research Center)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains one linear foot of material and includes 105 letters between\n        Rosenberg family members, friends, and acquaintances. It documents the firsthand experiences\n        of a German Jewish family before, during, and after the Holocaust, and also includes the\n        experiences of family members who emigrated from Germany in the years immediately before the\n        Second World War. The letters were received and collected by Alfred Rosenberg, and as a\n        result most are addressed to him and Alise Rosenberg and few are written by them.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains one linear foot of material and includes 105 letters between\n        Rosenberg family members, friends, and acquaintances. It documents the firsthand experiences\n        of a German Jewish family before, during, and after the Holocaust, and also includes the\n        experiences of family members who emigrated from Germany in the years immediately before the\n        Second World War. The letters were received and collected by Alfred Rosenberg, and as a\n        result most are addressed to him and Alise Rosenberg and few are written by them."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright has not been transferred ot the Regents of the University of Michigan. Permission\n        to publish must be obtained from the copyright holder(s).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright has not been transferred ot the Regents of the University of Michigan. Permission\n        to publish must be obtained from the copyright holder(s)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_2a0dde5c38142197e5d859fb9828da6a\"\u003eThe 105 letters in this collection\n        document the experience of a German Jewish family in the years immediately before, during,\n        and shortly after World War II. Nathan and Johannna Rosenberg of Breisach, Germany, had\n        three sons: Julius (1900-1942), Eugen (1901-1964), and Alfred (1911-2005). Eugen left for\n        Palestine in 1935. Alfred, with his wife and her parents immigrated to the United States in\n        August 1938. Most of the letters were written to Alfred by his brothers, his parents, and\n        other relatives between 1938 and 1946. Most of the letters are from Julius, Emmy, Nathan,\n        and Johanna; some of these they wrote from the labor camp in Gurs to which many Jews in\n        Breisach were deported in October 1940. Contains typewritten transcriptions (German) and\n        English translations for most letters. \u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The 105 letters in this collection\n        document the experience of a German Jewish family in the years immediately before, during,\n        and shortly after World War II. Nathan and Johannna Rosenberg of Breisach, Germany, had\n        three sons: Julius (1900-1942), Eugen (1901-1964), and Alfred (1911-2005). Eugen left for\n        Palestine in 1935. Alfred, with his wife and her parents immigrated to the United States in\n        August 1938. Most of the letters were written to Alfred by his brothers, his parents, and\n        other relatives between 1938 and 1946. Most of the letters are from Julius, Emmy, Nathan,\n        and Johanna; some of these they wrote from the labor camp in Gurs to which many Jews in\n        Breisach were deported in October 1940. Contains typewritten transcriptions (German) and\n        English translations for most letters. "],"names_ssim":["Testing import and export","Rosenberg, Alfred","Rosenberg, Alise","Rosenberg, Victor","Rosenberg, Eugen","Rosenberg, Julius","Rosenberg, Johanna","Rosenberg, Nathan","Rosenberg, Emmy"],"corpname_ssim":["Testing import and export"],"persname_ssim":["Rosenberg, Alfred","Rosenberg, Alise","Rosenberg, Victor","Rosenberg, Eugen","Rosenberg, Julius","Rosenberg, Johanna","Rosenberg, Nathan","Rosenberg, Emmy"],"language_ssim":["The collection is mostly in\n          German. 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