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To determine if this has occurred, find the collection in Stanford University's online catalog at \n \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://searchworks.stanford.edu/\"\u003ehttp://searchworks.stanford.edu/\u003c/extref\u003e. Materials have been added to the collection if the number of boxes listed in the catalog is larger than the number of boxes listed in this finding aid.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"accruals_tesim":["Materials may have been added to the collection since this finding aid was prepared. To determine if this has occurred, find the collection in Stanford University's online catalog at \n http://searchworks.stanford.edu/ . 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He died in Buenos Aires in 1955.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born in 1898, the Chinese businessman Song Feiqing is best known for his role in modern China's industrialization and promoting the spirit of entrepreneurship in China. \n Born into a Christian family in Shandong Province, in the early 1920s Song went to Chicago to study business management at Northwestern University. \n In 1925, he returned to China and spent the next several years working in his father's business in Tianjin. \n Seeing that China's industry was lacking entrepreneurship, especially in the textile market where foreign countries were profiting at China's expense, in 1932 Song established the Oriental Corporation (Dongya) in Tianjin. \n That corporation became China's first textile company to use Chinese wool to produce its yarn and to sell its products both domestically and internationally. \n By the 1940s, the corporation had become the largest yarn production company in China, having garnered more than 80 percent of the domestic Chinese market.","Song's entrepreneurship transformed the business environment in modern China. \n In addition, Song brought his religious beliefs into his management style and enterprise culture, as well as forming a social communication network that relied on the Christian spirit to serve his entrepreneurial purposes. \n After the Chinese Communists won the civil war and established the People's Republic in 1949, Song struggled to keep his enterprises intact but was unable to do so. \n In 1950, he moved his company to Hong Kong and later immigrated to Argentina. He died in Buenos Aires in 1955."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Song Feiqing papers, [Box no.], Hoover Institution Archives\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Song Feiqing papers, [Box no.], Hoover Institution Archives"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Song Feiqing include correspondence, writings, legal and financial records, printed matter, motion picture film, and audiovisual material relating to the operations of the Oriental Corporation in Tianjin, China and then in Hong Kong, including what part Christian beliefs played in Song's management practices. 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The papers also provide a rare glimpse into the formation of industrialization and entrepreneurship in China’s recent past."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFor copyright status, please contact the Hoover Institution Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Publication Rights"],"userestrict_tesim":["For copyright status, please contact the Hoover Institution Archives."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref2\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCorrespondence, writings, legal and financial records, printed matter, motion picture film, and audiovisual material relating to operations of the Oriental Corporation in Tianjin, China and subsequently in Hong Kong.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Correspondence, writings, legal and financial records, printed matter, motion picture film, and audiovisual material relating to operations of the Oriental Corporation in Tianjin, China and subsequently in Hong Kong."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"ref3\" label=\"Physical Location\"\u003eHoover Institution Archives\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Hoover Institution Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Oriental Corporation."],"names_ssim":["Hoover Institution Archives","Oriental Corporation.","Song, Feiqing, 1898-1955."],"corpname_ssim":["Hoover Institution Archives","Oriental Corporation."],"persname_ssim":["Song, Feiqing, 1898-1955."],"language_ssim":["Chinese and English"],"total_component_count_is":68,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"2013C4-xml","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:00:35.990Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/2013C4-xml_ref58"}},{"id":"umich-bhl-0312_aspace_8b02ac53237e3a625fb480d188882131","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"\"Witness\", 1991","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-bhl-0312_aspace_8b02ac53237e3a625fb480d188882131#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"aspace_8b02ac53237e3a625fb480d188882131","ref_ssm":["aspace_8b02ac53237e3a625fb480d188882131","aspace_8b02ac53237e3a625fb480d188882131"],"id":"umich-bhl-0312_aspace_8b02ac53237e3a625fb480d188882131","title_filing_ssi":"\"Witness\"","title_ssm":["\"Witness\""],"title_tesim":["\"Witness\""],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1991"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1991"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"Witness\", 1991"],"text":["\"Witness\", 1991","Peter Sparling papers, 1961-2013, bulk 1970-2000","Photographs, 1972-1999","Sparling Choreography","box 2","Performance; Sparling solo Location: U-M Dance Building Photographer: Nat Ehrlich"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ssim":["umich-bhl-0312","aspace_6834fa8b0a7ad459d153bd6d3789745a","aspace_f4060d7c63145586f9f94fbeef69d196"],"parent_ssi":"aspace_f4060d7c63145586f9f94fbeef69d196","parent_ids_ssim":["umich-bhl-0312","umich-bhl-0312_aspace_6834fa8b0a7ad459d153bd6d3789745a","umich-bhl-0312_aspace_f4060d7c63145586f9f94fbeef69d196"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Peter Sparling papers, 1961-2013, bulk 1970-2000","Photographs, 1972-1999","Sparling Choreography"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Peter Sparling papers, 1961-2013, bulk 1970-2000","Photographs, 1972-1999","Sparling Choreography"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. 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Equipment needed to view the DVC-Pro digital cassettes in this series is not currently available at the Bentley Library. Contact the reference archivist to arrange for duplication of tapes.","Periodic additions to the records expected.","Peter Sparling is Professor of Dance at the University of Michigan School of Music. Well known as both performer and choreographer, he has danced with Martha Graham and Jose Limon."," Sparling got his first dance training while on a scholarship for violin performance at Interlochen Arts Academy. He added dance to his major and graduated in 1969, and then attended The Juilliard School, receiving his B.F.A. in 1973. While still at Juilliard, Sparling began touring with the Jose Limon Dance Company, traveling to Europe, Russia and Asia. He co-founded Dance Mobile with Janet Eilber, Ange Wolf and Diana Hart, all of whom he met at Interlochen. In 1974, he married another dancer he had met while at Interlochen, Shelley Washington. They divorced after three years."," In 1973, after the death of Jose Limon, Sparling was invited to join the Martha Graham Dance Company. Graham dramatically influenced Sparling's performance and his choreography, and he created and performed his own works during the six years he was with the Graham Company. When he left the company in 1979, he formed Peter Sparling Presents Solo Flight, and then the Peter Sparling Dance Company, as vehicles for his choreography. He continued to dance occasionally with the Graham Company until 1987."," In 1984, after several teaching residencies in such institutions as Barnard College in New York, Florida State University, Cloud Gate Dance Theatre in Taiwan and the Laban Centre for Movement Studies in London, Sparling was hired as Assistant Professor at the University of Michigan Dance Department. He was chair of the Department from 1988 through 1995. In 1984, he co-founded Ann Arbor Dance Works, the University of Michigan's resident dance company. 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In 1974, he married another dancer he had met while at Interlochen, Shelley Washington. They divorced after three years.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In 1973, after the death of Jose Limon, Sparling was invited to join the Martha Graham Dance Company. Graham dramatically influenced Sparling's performance and his choreography, and he created and performed his own works during the six years he was with the Graham Company. When he left the company in 1979, he formed Peter Sparling Presents Solo Flight, and then the Peter Sparling Dance Company, as vehicles for his choreography. He continued to dance occasionally with the Graham Company until 1987.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In 1984, after several teaching residencies in such institutions as Barnard College in New York, Florida State University, Cloud Gate Dance Theatre in Taiwan and the Laban Centre for Movement Studies in London, Sparling was hired as Assistant Professor at the University of Michigan Dance Department. 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Further information about Sparling's dance company or current work see http://www.dancegalleryfoundation.org."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[item], folder, box, Peter Sparling papers, Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[item], folder, box, Peter Sparling papers, Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextptr actuate=\"onload\" href=\"digitalproc\" show=\"embed\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":[""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Peter Sparling Papers include materials relating to Sparling's dance training, performance, and teaching. 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Bentley Historical Library"],"collection_ssim":["TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, 1989-1996"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":198,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Research use of the record group is restricted except with the permission of Dr. Paul DeWeese."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Donor(s) have not transferred any applicable copyright to the Regents of the University of Michigan. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials."],"containers_ssim":["box 11"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#1/components#32","_nest_parent_":"umich-bhl-014_aspace_ff4a0ccea6004f45b3f146aa5c5435d6","_root_":"umich-bhl-014","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:13:12.778Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"umich-bhl-014","title_ssm":["TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records"],"title_tesim":["TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records"],"ead_ssi":"umich-bhl-014","unitdate_ssm":["1989-1996"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1989-1996"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Record Group","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["014 Bj 2"],"text":["014 Bj 2","TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, 1989-1996","Charter schools -- Michigan.","Education -- Michigan.","Public schools -- Michigan.","School choice -- Michigan.","Charter schools -- Michigan.","Debates.","Discussion.","Public affairs television programs.","School choice -- Michigan.","Sound recordings.","Videocassettes.","Research use of the record group is restricted except with the permission of Dr. Paul DeWeese.","In 1989, Dr. Paul N. DeWeese, a physician then working in Detroit, became frustrated by what he perceived to be a lack of educational choice for his own children then about to begin school. With other like-minded individuals, DeWeese formed Michigan Citizens for Choice in Education (shortly to be renamed TEACH Michigan). Incorporated as a non-profit organization in 1991, TEACH Michigan was established to lobby for changes in the law regarding school choice. Associated with TEACH Michigan was a tax-exempt sister organization - TEACH Michigan Education Fund (TMEF) - which with license to solicit charitable contributions could engage in a variety of educational, research, and planning functions."," Under DeWeese's leadership, TEACH Michigan advocated fundamental changes in the state's educational system. The core of TEACH Michigan's philosophy of education was simply stated. Parents should be allowed to choose from competing systems of schools with funding for education following the student and not automatically being given to the government-supported school system. An ambitious agenda, TEACH Michigan realized the importance of educating the public and enlisting enough grassroots support for the necessary changes in state law and in the state constitution to be made. With the law changed, there would follow competition for the education dollar resulting in non-governmental sponsorship of K-12 schools by corporations, public or private universities, parent groups or churches, as well as by the government. No longer would there be a \"government monopoly\" school system. Instead, parents would receive financial support (or vouchers) for their children to attend the school of their choice."," Although his message never wavered, DeWeese was realistic enough to realize that \"full choice\" could only come incrementally, thus his advocacy of changes in state law to allow for the creation of charter schools. Charter schools are public schools that are custom-designed by groups of teachers, parents or outside individuals to meet particular education needs. Charter schools are part of the public school system, financed on a par with other schools in the district. But for charter schools to become a reality state law would have to be changed. In December 1993, with the passage of Senate bill no. 896 (signed by the governor in January 1994), Michigan adopted the most significant restructuring of public education since the development of single-function school districts in the early 20th century. The state authorized groups of certified teachers and community leaders to form individual charter schools (public school academies) \"that are to be treated like school districts\" for the purposes of state education law. These \"single-school school districts\" could be started anywhere in the state by one or more certified teachers, a county, city, village, township, school district, community college, or state public university. Each new school would develop its own governing board, and must describe its educational goals and the standards by which its performance will be measured. Each of these academies would receive a state school aid payment for its enrolled students."," Following the passage of 896, TMEF established a sister organization, the Michigan Center for Charter Schools (MCCS), whose purpose was to promote the development of charter schools. TMEF subsidized the operation of MCCS throughout its existence. MCCS was the only organization in the state early on that was disseminating timely and accurate information about charter schools. MCCS also helped several groups move through the process of establishing a charter school. By the end of 1995, more than 60 charter school had been established with an additional 120 schools seeking charters."," In November 1994, an Ingham County circuit court judge ruled the law unconstitutional. Although the groups authorized to grant charters were government entities, the judge ruled, the day-to-day operations of schools were largely in the hands of privately elected directors and thus not directly accountable to the public. With this decision, the charter schools that had been established were left without public funding. In some cases, the schools reverted to private school status relying on tuitions and corporate donations for their support. In other cases, the state legislature, many of whose members believed that the judge's ruling would be overturned on appeal, passed emergency legislation which addressed the judge's objection to the original legislation."," In 1995, the state Board of Education contracted with the Michigan Partnership for New Education to both promote charter schools and to provide technical assistance to charter schools. The Michigan Partnership immediately asked for, and received, permission to hire the entire staff of MCCS in order to run their charter school operation. In May of 1995, MCCS ceased to operate, as its mission and staff were absorbed by the Michigan Partnership for New Education."," From its inception, TEACH Michigan knew that for real educational reform to take place from their point of view, the Michigan State Constitution (Article 8, sec. 2) would have to be revised. That provision restricted the use of public funds to government-operated schools only. With the constitution changed, TEACH Michigan hoped to secure passage of a voucher system so that parents might choose, and receive funding, for their child to attend a church-related school."," In 2000, the TEACH Michigan organization was folded into a new organization, Partnership for Learning.","This record group consists of two separate groupings (or subgroups) of records: the combined files of TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund covering the period of 1989 to 1995, and files of the charter school support group, Michigan Center for Charter Schools covering the years 1994-1995. Both organizations operated out of the same office in Lansing and included some of the same individuals as board members. The TM/TMEF files consist in great part of papers of Dr. Paul N. DeWeese, a principal founder of the organization. The MCCS files are largely papers of executive director Barbara Barrett as well as DeWeese. Together, the record group contains correspondence, policy statements, organizational and activity files, collected materials, sound and video materials, all relating to the efforts of the two organizations first to educate and lobby for changes in the law, and second to provide assistance and support in the establishment of charter schools. The records date from the inception of the organization to 1995. The subsequent records of TEACH Michigan remain with the organization.","Donor(s) have not transferred any applicable copyright to the Regents of the University of Michigan. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials.","Organization established in 1989 by Paul N. DeWeese and others to lobby for changes in state law and the state constitution to allow parents to choose between competing schools. The record group also contains records of the Michigan Center for Charter Schools, sister organization to TEACH Michigan, established to promote the development of charter schools in the state. The record group includes Informational materials detailing mission and goals of the TEACH Michigan organization; organizational files; topical files; correspondence; speeches and articles about school choice and the state charter school movement; and audio and video cassettes of TM presentations and appearances of Paul DeWeese on radio and television programs. Also included are the organizational records of the Michigan Center for Charter Schools.","Offsite storage; prior notification required for access","Bentley Historical Library","TEACH Michigan.","Michigan Center for Charter Schools.","TEACH Michigan Education Fund.","DeWeese, Paul N.","English","The materials are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["014 Bj 2"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1989-1996"],"normalized_title_ssm":["TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, 1989-1996"],"collection_title_tesim":["TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, 1989-1996"],"collection_ssim":["TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, 1989-1996"],"repository_ssm":["University of Michigan. Bentley Historical Library"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. Bentley Historical Library"],"creator_ssm":["TEACH Michigan."],"creator_ssim":["TEACH Michigan."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["TEACH Michigan."],"creators_ssim":["TEACH Michigan."],"access_terms_ssm":["Donor(s) have not transferred any applicable copyright to the Regents of the University of Michigan. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The record group came to the library from Partnership for Learning (formerly TEACH Michigan) in December 2000. Donor no. 9038"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Charter schools -- Michigan.","Education -- Michigan.","Public schools -- Michigan.","School choice -- Michigan.","Charter schools -- Michigan.","Debates.","Discussion.","Public affairs television programs.","School choice -- Michigan.","Sound recordings.","Videocassettes."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Charter schools -- Michigan.","Education -- Michigan.","Public schools -- Michigan.","School choice -- Michigan.","Charter schools -- Michigan.","Debates.","Discussion.","Public affairs television programs.","School choice -- Michigan.","Sound recordings.","Videocassettes."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13 linear feet"],"extent_tesim":["13 linear feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Sound recordings.","Videocassettes."],"date_range_isim":[1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearch use of the record group is restricted except with the permission of Dr. Paul DeWeese.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Research use of the record group is restricted except with the permission of Dr. Paul DeWeese."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1989, Dr. Paul N. DeWeese, a physician then working in Detroit, became frustrated by what he perceived to be a lack of educational choice for his own children then about to begin school. With other like-minded individuals, DeWeese formed Michigan Citizens for Choice in Education (shortly to be renamed TEACH Michigan). Incorporated as a non-profit organization in 1991, TEACH Michigan was established to lobby for changes in the law regarding school choice. Associated with TEACH Michigan was a tax-exempt sister organization - TEACH Michigan Education Fund (TMEF) - which with license to solicit charitable contributions could engage in a variety of educational, research, and planning functions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Under DeWeese's leadership, TEACH Michigan advocated fundamental changes in the state's educational system. The core of TEACH Michigan's philosophy of education was simply stated. Parents should be allowed to choose from competing systems of schools with funding for education following the student and not automatically being given to the government-supported school system. An ambitious agenda, TEACH Michigan realized the importance of educating the public and enlisting enough grassroots support for the necessary changes in state law and in the state constitution to be made. With the law changed, there would follow competition for the education dollar resulting in non-governmental sponsorship of K-12 schools by corporations, public or private universities, parent groups or churches, as well as by the government. No longer would there be a \"government monopoly\" school system. Instead, parents would receive financial support (or vouchers) for their children to attend the school of their choice.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Although his message never wavered, DeWeese was realistic enough to realize that \"full choice\" could only come incrementally, thus his advocacy of changes in state law to allow for the creation of charter schools. Charter schools are public schools that are custom-designed by groups of teachers, parents or outside individuals to meet particular education needs. Charter schools are part of the public school system, financed on a par with other schools in the district. But for charter schools to become a reality state law would have to be changed. In December 1993, with the passage of Senate bill no. 896 (signed by the governor in January 1994), Michigan adopted the most significant restructuring of public education since the development of single-function school districts in the early 20th century. The state authorized groups of certified teachers and community leaders to form individual charter schools (public school academies) \"that are to be treated like school districts\" for the purposes of state education law. These \"single-school school districts\" could be started anywhere in the state by one or more certified teachers, a county, city, village, township, school district, community college, or state public university. Each new school would develop its own governing board, and must describe its educational goals and the standards by which its performance will be measured. Each of these academies would receive a state school aid payment for its enrolled students.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Following the passage of 896, TMEF established a sister organization, the Michigan Center for Charter Schools (MCCS), whose purpose was to promote the development of charter schools. TMEF subsidized the operation of MCCS throughout its existence. MCCS was the only organization in the state early on that was disseminating timely and accurate information about charter schools. MCCS also helped several groups move through the process of establishing a charter school. By the end of 1995, more than 60 charter school had been established with an additional 120 schools seeking charters.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In November 1994, an Ingham County circuit court judge ruled the law unconstitutional. Although the groups authorized to grant charters were government entities, the judge ruled, the day-to-day operations of schools were largely in the hands of privately elected directors and thus not directly accountable to the public. With this decision, the charter schools that had been established were left without public funding. In some cases, the schools reverted to private school status relying on tuitions and corporate donations for their support. In other cases, the state legislature, many of whose members believed that the judge's ruling would be overturned on appeal, passed emergency legislation which addressed the judge's objection to the original legislation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In 1995, the state Board of Education contracted with the Michigan Partnership for New Education to both promote charter schools and to provide technical assistance to charter schools. The Michigan Partnership immediately asked for, and received, permission to hire the entire staff of MCCS in order to run their charter school operation. In May of 1995, MCCS ceased to operate, as its mission and staff were absorbed by the Michigan Partnership for New Education.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e From its inception, TEACH Michigan knew that for real educational reform to take place from their point of view, the Michigan State Constitution (Article 8, sec. 2) would have to be revised. That provision restricted the use of public funds to government-operated schools only. With the constitution changed, TEACH Michigan hoped to secure passage of a voucher system so that parents might choose, and receive funding, for their child to attend a church-related school.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In 2000, the TEACH Michigan organization was folded into a new organization, Partnership for Learning.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1989, Dr. Paul N. DeWeese, a physician then working in Detroit, became frustrated by what he perceived to be a lack of educational choice for his own children then about to begin school. With other like-minded individuals, DeWeese formed Michigan Citizens for Choice in Education (shortly to be renamed TEACH Michigan). Incorporated as a non-profit organization in 1991, TEACH Michigan was established to lobby for changes in the law regarding school choice. Associated with TEACH Michigan was a tax-exempt sister organization - TEACH Michigan Education Fund (TMEF) - which with license to solicit charitable contributions could engage in a variety of educational, research, and planning functions."," Under DeWeese's leadership, TEACH Michigan advocated fundamental changes in the state's educational system. The core of TEACH Michigan's philosophy of education was simply stated. Parents should be allowed to choose from competing systems of schools with funding for education following the student and not automatically being given to the government-supported school system. An ambitious agenda, TEACH Michigan realized the importance of educating the public and enlisting enough grassroots support for the necessary changes in state law and in the state constitution to be made. With the law changed, there would follow competition for the education dollar resulting in non-governmental sponsorship of K-12 schools by corporations, public or private universities, parent groups or churches, as well as by the government. No longer would there be a \"government monopoly\" school system. Instead, parents would receive financial support (or vouchers) for their children to attend the school of their choice."," Although his message never wavered, DeWeese was realistic enough to realize that \"full choice\" could only come incrementally, thus his advocacy of changes in state law to allow for the creation of charter schools. Charter schools are public schools that are custom-designed by groups of teachers, parents or outside individuals to meet particular education needs. Charter schools are part of the public school system, financed on a par with other schools in the district. But for charter schools to become a reality state law would have to be changed. In December 1993, with the passage of Senate bill no. 896 (signed by the governor in January 1994), Michigan adopted the most significant restructuring of public education since the development of single-function school districts in the early 20th century. The state authorized groups of certified teachers and community leaders to form individual charter schools (public school academies) \"that are to be treated like school districts\" for the purposes of state education law. These \"single-school school districts\" could be started anywhere in the state by one or more certified teachers, a county, city, village, township, school district, community college, or state public university. Each new school would develop its own governing board, and must describe its educational goals and the standards by which its performance will be measured. Each of these academies would receive a state school aid payment for its enrolled students."," Following the passage of 896, TMEF established a sister organization, the Michigan Center for Charter Schools (MCCS), whose purpose was to promote the development of charter schools. TMEF subsidized the operation of MCCS throughout its existence. MCCS was the only organization in the state early on that was disseminating timely and accurate information about charter schools. MCCS also helped several groups move through the process of establishing a charter school. By the end of 1995, more than 60 charter school had been established with an additional 120 schools seeking charters."," In November 1994, an Ingham County circuit court judge ruled the law unconstitutional. Although the groups authorized to grant charters were government entities, the judge ruled, the day-to-day operations of schools were largely in the hands of privately elected directors and thus not directly accountable to the public. With this decision, the charter schools that had been established were left without public funding. In some cases, the schools reverted to private school status relying on tuitions and corporate donations for their support. In other cases, the state legislature, many of whose members believed that the judge's ruling would be overturned on appeal, passed emergency legislation which addressed the judge's objection to the original legislation."," In 1995, the state Board of Education contracted with the Michigan Partnership for New Education to both promote charter schools and to provide technical assistance to charter schools. The Michigan Partnership immediately asked for, and received, permission to hire the entire staff of MCCS in order to run their charter school operation. In May of 1995, MCCS ceased to operate, as its mission and staff were absorbed by the Michigan Partnership for New Education."," From its inception, TEACH Michigan knew that for real educational reform to take place from their point of view, the Michigan State Constitution (Article 8, sec. 2) would have to be revised. That provision restricted the use of public funds to government-operated schools only. With the constitution changed, TEACH Michigan hoped to secure passage of a voucher system so that parents might choose, and receive funding, for their child to attend a church-related school."," In 2000, the TEACH Michigan organization was folded into a new organization, Partnership for Learning."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eitem, folder title, box no., TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["item, folder title, box no., TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis record group consists of two separate groupings (or subgroups) of records: the combined files of TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund covering the period of 1989 to 1995, and files of the charter school support group, Michigan Center for Charter Schools covering the years 1994-1995. Both organizations operated out of the same office in Lansing and included some of the same individuals as board members. The TM/TMEF files consist in great part of papers of Dr. Paul N. DeWeese, a principal founder of the organization. The MCCS files are largely papers of executive director Barbara Barrett as well as DeWeese. Together, the record group contains correspondence, policy statements, organizational and activity files, collected materials, sound and video materials, all relating to the efforts of the two organizations first to educate and lobby for changes in the law, and second to provide assistance and support in the establishment of charter schools. The records date from the inception of the organization to 1995. The subsequent records of TEACH Michigan remain with the organization.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This record group consists of two separate groupings (or subgroups) of records: the combined files of TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund covering the period of 1989 to 1995, and files of the charter school support group, Michigan Center for Charter Schools covering the years 1994-1995. Both organizations operated out of the same office in Lansing and included some of the same individuals as board members. The TM/TMEF files consist in great part of papers of Dr. Paul N. DeWeese, a principal founder of the organization. The MCCS files are largely papers of executive director Barbara Barrett as well as DeWeese. Together, the record group contains correspondence, policy statements, organizational and activity files, collected materials, sound and video materials, all relating to the efforts of the two organizations first to educate and lobby for changes in the law, and second to provide assistance and support in the establishment of charter schools. The records date from the inception of the organization to 1995. The subsequent records of TEACH Michigan remain with the organization."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDonor(s) have not transferred any applicable copyright to the Regents of the University of Michigan. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Donor(s) have not transferred any applicable copyright to the Regents of the University of Michigan. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_85c28ec7f064d103fc6a1b17b4c73c99\"\u003eOrganization established in 1989 by Paul N. DeWeese and others to lobby for changes in state law and the state constitution to allow parents to choose between competing schools. The record group also contains records of the Michigan Center for Charter Schools, sister organization to TEACH Michigan, established to promote the development of charter schools in the state. The record group includes Informational materials detailing mission and goals of the TEACH Michigan organization; organizational files; topical files; correspondence; speeches and articles about school choice and the state charter school movement; and audio and video cassettes of TM presentations and appearances of Paul DeWeese on radio and television programs. Also included are the organizational records of the Michigan Center for Charter Schools.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Organization established in 1989 by Paul N. DeWeese and others to lobby for changes in state law and the state constitution to allow parents to choose between competing schools. The record group also contains records of the Michigan Center for Charter Schools, sister organization to TEACH Michigan, established to promote the development of charter schools in the state. The record group includes Informational materials detailing mission and goals of the TEACH Michigan organization; organizational files; topical files; correspondence; speeches and articles about school choice and the state charter school movement; and audio and video cassettes of TM presentations and appearances of Paul DeWeese on radio and television programs. Also included are the organizational records of the Michigan Center for Charter Schools."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_4f9a3a50370f108b16342d0e56be5abb\"\u003eOffsite storage; prior notification required for access\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Offsite storage; prior notification required for access"],"names_coll_ssim":["Michigan Center for Charter Schools.","TEACH Michigan.","TEACH Michigan Education Fund.","TEACH Michigan.","Michigan Center for Charter Schools.","TEACH Michigan Education Fund.","DeWeese, Paul N.","DeWeese, Paul N.","DeWeese, Paul N."],"names_ssim":["Bentley Historical Library","TEACH Michigan.","Michigan Center for Charter Schools.","TEACH Michigan Education Fund.","DeWeese, Paul N."],"corpname_ssim":["Bentley Historical Library","TEACH Michigan.","Michigan Center for Charter Schools.","TEACH Michigan Education Fund."],"persname_ssim":["DeWeese, Paul N."],"language_ssim":["English","The materials are in English."],"total_component_count_is":279,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"umich-bhl-014","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:13:12.778Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-bhl-014_aspace_080ab0e8cf3cc3d1914d555583d3180d"}},{"id":"umich-bhl-014_aspace_844594b306f4806679d59a0db1336ec2","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"World Heritage Foundation","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-bhl-014_aspace_844594b306f4806679d59a0db1336ec2#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"aspace_844594b306f4806679d59a0db1336ec2","ref_ssm":["aspace_844594b306f4806679d59a0db1336ec2","aspace_844594b306f4806679d59a0db1336ec2"],"id":"umich-bhl-014_aspace_844594b306f4806679d59a0db1336ec2","title_filing_ssi":"World Heritage Foundation","title_ssm":["World Heritage Foundation"],"title_tesim":["World Heritage Foundation"],"normalized_title_ssm":["World Heritage Foundation"],"text":["World Heritage Foundation","TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, 1989-1996","Michigan Center for Charter Schools","Foundations/Funding Corporations","box 11"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ssim":["umich-bhl-014","aspace_5954350cdf9272a6329ba20a2520d6c7","aspace_c96c3357ee31bff1a414d5a88fb18fae"],"parent_ssi":"aspace_c96c3357ee31bff1a414d5a88fb18fae","parent_ids_ssim":["umich-bhl-014","umich-bhl-014_aspace_5954350cdf9272a6329ba20a2520d6c7","umich-bhl-014_aspace_c96c3357ee31bff1a414d5a88fb18fae"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, 1989-1996","Michigan Center for Charter Schools","Foundations/Funding Corporations"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, 1989-1996","Michigan Center for Charter Schools","Foundations/Funding Corporations"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Subgroup","Series"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. 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DeWeese, a physician then working in Detroit, became frustrated by what he perceived to be a lack of educational choice for his own children then about to begin school. With other like-minded individuals, DeWeese formed Michigan Citizens for Choice in Education (shortly to be renamed TEACH Michigan). Incorporated as a non-profit organization in 1991, TEACH Michigan was established to lobby for changes in the law regarding school choice. Associated with TEACH Michigan was a tax-exempt sister organization - TEACH Michigan Education Fund (TMEF) - which with license to solicit charitable contributions could engage in a variety of educational, research, and planning functions."," Under DeWeese's leadership, TEACH Michigan advocated fundamental changes in the state's educational system. The core of TEACH Michigan's philosophy of education was simply stated. Parents should be allowed to choose from competing systems of schools with funding for education following the student and not automatically being given to the government-supported school system. An ambitious agenda, TEACH Michigan realized the importance of educating the public and enlisting enough grassroots support for the necessary changes in state law and in the state constitution to be made. With the law changed, there would follow competition for the education dollar resulting in non-governmental sponsorship of K-12 schools by corporations, public or private universities, parent groups or churches, as well as by the government. No longer would there be a \"government monopoly\" school system. Instead, parents would receive financial support (or vouchers) for their children to attend the school of their choice."," Although his message never wavered, DeWeese was realistic enough to realize that \"full choice\" could only come incrementally, thus his advocacy of changes in state law to allow for the creation of charter schools. Charter schools are public schools that are custom-designed by groups of teachers, parents or outside individuals to meet particular education needs. Charter schools are part of the public school system, financed on a par with other schools in the district. But for charter schools to become a reality state law would have to be changed. In December 1993, with the passage of Senate bill no. 896 (signed by the governor in January 1994), Michigan adopted the most significant restructuring of public education since the development of single-function school districts in the early 20th century. The state authorized groups of certified teachers and community leaders to form individual charter schools (public school academies) \"that are to be treated like school districts\" for the purposes of state education law. These \"single-school school districts\" could be started anywhere in the state by one or more certified teachers, a county, city, village, township, school district, community college, or state public university. Each new school would develop its own governing board, and must describe its educational goals and the standards by which its performance will be measured. Each of these academies would receive a state school aid payment for its enrolled students."," Following the passage of 896, TMEF established a sister organization, the Michigan Center for Charter Schools (MCCS), whose purpose was to promote the development of charter schools. TMEF subsidized the operation of MCCS throughout its existence. MCCS was the only organization in the state early on that was disseminating timely and accurate information about charter schools. MCCS also helped several groups move through the process of establishing a charter school. By the end of 1995, more than 60 charter school had been established with an additional 120 schools seeking charters."," In November 1994, an Ingham County circuit court judge ruled the law unconstitutional. Although the groups authorized to grant charters were government entities, the judge ruled, the day-to-day operations of schools were largely in the hands of privately elected directors and thus not directly accountable to the public. With this decision, the charter schools that had been established were left without public funding. In some cases, the schools reverted to private school status relying on tuitions and corporate donations for their support. In other cases, the state legislature, many of whose members believed that the judge's ruling would be overturned on appeal, passed emergency legislation which addressed the judge's objection to the original legislation."," In 1995, the state Board of Education contracted with the Michigan Partnership for New Education to both promote charter schools and to provide technical assistance to charter schools. The Michigan Partnership immediately asked for, and received, permission to hire the entire staff of MCCS in order to run their charter school operation. In May of 1995, MCCS ceased to operate, as its mission and staff were absorbed by the Michigan Partnership for New Education."," From its inception, TEACH Michigan knew that for real educational reform to take place from their point of view, the Michigan State Constitution (Article 8, sec. 2) would have to be revised. That provision restricted the use of public funds to government-operated schools only. With the constitution changed, TEACH Michigan hoped to secure passage of a voucher system so that parents might choose, and receive funding, for their child to attend a church-related school."," In 2000, the TEACH Michigan organization was folded into a new organization, Partnership for Learning.","This record group consists of two separate groupings (or subgroups) of records: the combined files of TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund covering the period of 1989 to 1995, and files of the charter school support group, Michigan Center for Charter Schools covering the years 1994-1995. Both organizations operated out of the same office in Lansing and included some of the same individuals as board members. The TM/TMEF files consist in great part of papers of Dr. Paul N. DeWeese, a principal founder of the organization. The MCCS files are largely papers of executive director Barbara Barrett as well as DeWeese. Together, the record group contains correspondence, policy statements, organizational and activity files, collected materials, sound and video materials, all relating to the efforts of the two organizations first to educate and lobby for changes in the law, and second to provide assistance and support in the establishment of charter schools. The records date from the inception of the organization to 1995. The subsequent records of TEACH Michigan remain with the organization.","Donor(s) have not transferred any applicable copyright to the Regents of the University of Michigan. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials.","Organization established in 1989 by Paul N. DeWeese and others to lobby for changes in state law and the state constitution to allow parents to choose between competing schools. The record group also contains records of the Michigan Center for Charter Schools, sister organization to TEACH Michigan, established to promote the development of charter schools in the state. The record group includes Informational materials detailing mission and goals of the TEACH Michigan organization; organizational files; topical files; correspondence; speeches and articles about school choice and the state charter school movement; and audio and video cassettes of TM presentations and appearances of Paul DeWeese on radio and television programs. 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Bentley Historical Library"],"creator_ssm":["TEACH Michigan."],"creator_ssim":["TEACH Michigan."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["TEACH Michigan."],"creators_ssim":["TEACH Michigan."],"access_terms_ssm":["Donor(s) have not transferred any applicable copyright to the Regents of the University of Michigan. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The record group came to the library from Partnership for Learning (formerly TEACH Michigan) in December 2000. Donor no. 9038"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Charter schools -- Michigan.","Education -- Michigan.","Public schools -- Michigan.","School choice -- Michigan.","Charter schools -- Michigan.","Debates.","Discussion.","Public affairs television programs.","School choice -- Michigan.","Sound recordings.","Videocassettes."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Charter schools -- Michigan.","Education -- Michigan.","Public schools -- Michigan.","School choice -- Michigan.","Charter schools -- Michigan.","Debates.","Discussion.","Public affairs television programs.","School choice -- Michigan.","Sound recordings.","Videocassettes."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13 linear feet"],"extent_tesim":["13 linear feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Sound recordings.","Videocassettes."],"date_range_isim":[1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearch use of the record group is restricted except with the permission of Dr. Paul DeWeese.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Research use of the record group is restricted except with the permission of Dr. Paul DeWeese."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1989, Dr. Paul N. DeWeese, a physician then working in Detroit, became frustrated by what he perceived to be a lack of educational choice for his own children then about to begin school. With other like-minded individuals, DeWeese formed Michigan Citizens for Choice in Education (shortly to be renamed TEACH Michigan). Incorporated as a non-profit organization in 1991, TEACH Michigan was established to lobby for changes in the law regarding school choice. Associated with TEACH Michigan was a tax-exempt sister organization - TEACH Michigan Education Fund (TMEF) - which with license to solicit charitable contributions could engage in a variety of educational, research, and planning functions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Under DeWeese's leadership, TEACH Michigan advocated fundamental changes in the state's educational system. The core of TEACH Michigan's philosophy of education was simply stated. Parents should be allowed to choose from competing systems of schools with funding for education following the student and not automatically being given to the government-supported school system. An ambitious agenda, TEACH Michigan realized the importance of educating the public and enlisting enough grassroots support for the necessary changes in state law and in the state constitution to be made. With the law changed, there would follow competition for the education dollar resulting in non-governmental sponsorship of K-12 schools by corporations, public or private universities, parent groups or churches, as well as by the government. No longer would there be a \"government monopoly\" school system. Instead, parents would receive financial support (or vouchers) for their children to attend the school of their choice.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Although his message never wavered, DeWeese was realistic enough to realize that \"full choice\" could only come incrementally, thus his advocacy of changes in state law to allow for the creation of charter schools. Charter schools are public schools that are custom-designed by groups of teachers, parents or outside individuals to meet particular education needs. Charter schools are part of the public school system, financed on a par with other schools in the district. But for charter schools to become a reality state law would have to be changed. In December 1993, with the passage of Senate bill no. 896 (signed by the governor in January 1994), Michigan adopted the most significant restructuring of public education since the development of single-function school districts in the early 20th century. The state authorized groups of certified teachers and community leaders to form individual charter schools (public school academies) \"that are to be treated like school districts\" for the purposes of state education law. These \"single-school school districts\" could be started anywhere in the state by one or more certified teachers, a county, city, village, township, school district, community college, or state public university. Each new school would develop its own governing board, and must describe its educational goals and the standards by which its performance will be measured. Each of these academies would receive a state school aid payment for its enrolled students.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Following the passage of 896, TMEF established a sister organization, the Michigan Center for Charter Schools (MCCS), whose purpose was to promote the development of charter schools. TMEF subsidized the operation of MCCS throughout its existence. MCCS was the only organization in the state early on that was disseminating timely and accurate information about charter schools. MCCS also helped several groups move through the process of establishing a charter school. By the end of 1995, more than 60 charter school had been established with an additional 120 schools seeking charters.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In November 1994, an Ingham County circuit court judge ruled the law unconstitutional. Although the groups authorized to grant charters were government entities, the judge ruled, the day-to-day operations of schools were largely in the hands of privately elected directors and thus not directly accountable to the public. With this decision, the charter schools that had been established were left without public funding. In some cases, the schools reverted to private school status relying on tuitions and corporate donations for their support. In other cases, the state legislature, many of whose members believed that the judge's ruling would be overturned on appeal, passed emergency legislation which addressed the judge's objection to the original legislation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In 1995, the state Board of Education contracted with the Michigan Partnership for New Education to both promote charter schools and to provide technical assistance to charter schools. The Michigan Partnership immediately asked for, and received, permission to hire the entire staff of MCCS in order to run their charter school operation. In May of 1995, MCCS ceased to operate, as its mission and staff were absorbed by the Michigan Partnership for New Education.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e From its inception, TEACH Michigan knew that for real educational reform to take place from their point of view, the Michigan State Constitution (Article 8, sec. 2) would have to be revised. That provision restricted the use of public funds to government-operated schools only. With the constitution changed, TEACH Michigan hoped to secure passage of a voucher system so that parents might choose, and receive funding, for their child to attend a church-related school.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In 2000, the TEACH Michigan organization was folded into a new organization, Partnership for Learning.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1989, Dr. Paul N. DeWeese, a physician then working in Detroit, became frustrated by what he perceived to be a lack of educational choice for his own children then about to begin school. With other like-minded individuals, DeWeese formed Michigan Citizens for Choice in Education (shortly to be renamed TEACH Michigan). Incorporated as a non-profit organization in 1991, TEACH Michigan was established to lobby for changes in the law regarding school choice. Associated with TEACH Michigan was a tax-exempt sister organization - TEACH Michigan Education Fund (TMEF) - which with license to solicit charitable contributions could engage in a variety of educational, research, and planning functions."," Under DeWeese's leadership, TEACH Michigan advocated fundamental changes in the state's educational system. The core of TEACH Michigan's philosophy of education was simply stated. Parents should be allowed to choose from competing systems of schools with funding for education following the student and not automatically being given to the government-supported school system. An ambitious agenda, TEACH Michigan realized the importance of educating the public and enlisting enough grassroots support for the necessary changes in state law and in the state constitution to be made. With the law changed, there would follow competition for the education dollar resulting in non-governmental sponsorship of K-12 schools by corporations, public or private universities, parent groups or churches, as well as by the government. No longer would there be a \"government monopoly\" school system. Instead, parents would receive financial support (or vouchers) for their children to attend the school of their choice."," Although his message never wavered, DeWeese was realistic enough to realize that \"full choice\" could only come incrementally, thus his advocacy of changes in state law to allow for the creation of charter schools. Charter schools are public schools that are custom-designed by groups of teachers, parents or outside individuals to meet particular education needs. Charter schools are part of the public school system, financed on a par with other schools in the district. But for charter schools to become a reality state law would have to be changed. In December 1993, with the passage of Senate bill no. 896 (signed by the governor in January 1994), Michigan adopted the most significant restructuring of public education since the development of single-function school districts in the early 20th century. The state authorized groups of certified teachers and community leaders to form individual charter schools (public school academies) \"that are to be treated like school districts\" for the purposes of state education law. These \"single-school school districts\" could be started anywhere in the state by one or more certified teachers, a county, city, village, township, school district, community college, or state public university. Each new school would develop its own governing board, and must describe its educational goals and the standards by which its performance will be measured. Each of these academies would receive a state school aid payment for its enrolled students."," Following the passage of 896, TMEF established a sister organization, the Michigan Center for Charter Schools (MCCS), whose purpose was to promote the development of charter schools. TMEF subsidized the operation of MCCS throughout its existence. MCCS was the only organization in the state early on that was disseminating timely and accurate information about charter schools. MCCS also helped several groups move through the process of establishing a charter school. By the end of 1995, more than 60 charter school had been established with an additional 120 schools seeking charters."," In November 1994, an Ingham County circuit court judge ruled the law unconstitutional. Although the groups authorized to grant charters were government entities, the judge ruled, the day-to-day operations of schools were largely in the hands of privately elected directors and thus not directly accountable to the public. With this decision, the charter schools that had been established were left without public funding. In some cases, the schools reverted to private school status relying on tuitions and corporate donations for their support. In other cases, the state legislature, many of whose members believed that the judge's ruling would be overturned on appeal, passed emergency legislation which addressed the judge's objection to the original legislation."," In 1995, the state Board of Education contracted with the Michigan Partnership for New Education to both promote charter schools and to provide technical assistance to charter schools. The Michigan Partnership immediately asked for, and received, permission to hire the entire staff of MCCS in order to run their charter school operation. In May of 1995, MCCS ceased to operate, as its mission and staff were absorbed by the Michigan Partnership for New Education."," From its inception, TEACH Michigan knew that for real educational reform to take place from their point of view, the Michigan State Constitution (Article 8, sec. 2) would have to be revised. That provision restricted the use of public funds to government-operated schools only. With the constitution changed, TEACH Michigan hoped to secure passage of a voucher system so that parents might choose, and receive funding, for their child to attend a church-related school."," In 2000, the TEACH Michigan organization was folded into a new organization, Partnership for Learning."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eitem, folder title, box no., TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["item, folder title, box no., TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis record group consists of two separate groupings (or subgroups) of records: the combined files of TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund covering the period of 1989 to 1995, and files of the charter school support group, Michigan Center for Charter Schools covering the years 1994-1995. Both organizations operated out of the same office in Lansing and included some of the same individuals as board members. The TM/TMEF files consist in great part of papers of Dr. Paul N. DeWeese, a principal founder of the organization. The MCCS files are largely papers of executive director Barbara Barrett as well as DeWeese. Together, the record group contains correspondence, policy statements, organizational and activity files, collected materials, sound and video materials, all relating to the efforts of the two organizations first to educate and lobby for changes in the law, and second to provide assistance and support in the establishment of charter schools. The records date from the inception of the organization to 1995. The subsequent records of TEACH Michigan remain with the organization.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This record group consists of two separate groupings (or subgroups) of records: the combined files of TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund covering the period of 1989 to 1995, and files of the charter school support group, Michigan Center for Charter Schools covering the years 1994-1995. Both organizations operated out of the same office in Lansing and included some of the same individuals as board members. The TM/TMEF files consist in great part of papers of Dr. Paul N. DeWeese, a principal founder of the organization. The MCCS files are largely papers of executive director Barbara Barrett as well as DeWeese. Together, the record group contains correspondence, policy statements, organizational and activity files, collected materials, sound and video materials, all relating to the efforts of the two organizations first to educate and lobby for changes in the law, and second to provide assistance and support in the establishment of charter schools. The records date from the inception of the organization to 1995. The subsequent records of TEACH Michigan remain with the organization."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDonor(s) have not transferred any applicable copyright to the Regents of the University of Michigan. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Donor(s) have not transferred any applicable copyright to the Regents of the University of Michigan. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_85c28ec7f064d103fc6a1b17b4c73c99\"\u003eOrganization established in 1989 by Paul N. DeWeese and others to lobby for changes in state law and the state constitution to allow parents to choose between competing schools. The record group also contains records of the Michigan Center for Charter Schools, sister organization to TEACH Michigan, established to promote the development of charter schools in the state. The record group includes Informational materials detailing mission and goals of the TEACH Michigan organization; organizational files; topical files; correspondence; speeches and articles about school choice and the state charter school movement; and audio and video cassettes of TM presentations and appearances of Paul DeWeese on radio and television programs. Also included are the organizational records of the Michigan Center for Charter Schools.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Organization established in 1989 by Paul N. DeWeese and others to lobby for changes in state law and the state constitution to allow parents to choose between competing schools. The record group also contains records of the Michigan Center for Charter Schools, sister organization to TEACH Michigan, established to promote the development of charter schools in the state. The record group includes Informational materials detailing mission and goals of the TEACH Michigan organization; organizational files; topical files; correspondence; speeches and articles about school choice and the state charter school movement; and audio and video cassettes of TM presentations and appearances of Paul DeWeese on radio and television programs. Also included are the organizational records of the Michigan Center for Charter Schools."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_4f9a3a50370f108b16342d0e56be5abb\"\u003eOffsite storage; prior notification required for access\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Offsite storage; prior notification required for access"],"names_coll_ssim":["Michigan Center for Charter Schools.","TEACH Michigan.","TEACH Michigan Education Fund.","TEACH Michigan.","Michigan Center for Charter Schools.","TEACH Michigan Education Fund.","DeWeese, Paul N.","DeWeese, Paul N.","DeWeese, Paul N."],"names_ssim":["Bentley Historical Library","TEACH Michigan.","Michigan Center for Charter Schools.","TEACH Michigan Education Fund.","DeWeese, Paul N."],"corpname_ssim":["Bentley Historical Library","TEACH Michigan.","Michigan Center for Charter Schools.","TEACH Michigan Education Fund."],"persname_ssim":["DeWeese, Paul N."],"language_ssim":["English","The materials are in English."],"total_component_count_is":279,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"umich-bhl-014","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:13:12.778Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-bhl-014_aspace_844594b306f4806679d59a0db1336ec2"}},{"id":"m0292-xml_aspace_ref188_q27","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"y","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/m0292-xml_aspace_ref188_q27#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"aspace_ref188_q27","ref_ssm":["aspace_ref188_q27","aspace_ref188_q27"],"id":"m0292-xml_aspace_ref188_q27","title_filing_ssi":"y","title_ssm":["y"],"title_tesim":["y"],"normalized_title_ssm":["y"],"text":["y","Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968","Correspondence","box 10","folder 1"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ssim":["m0292-xml","aspace_ref160_0yn"],"parent_ssi":"aspace_ref160_0yn","parent_ids_ssim":["m0292-xml","m0292-xml_aspace_ref160_0yn"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968","Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968","Correspondence"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","File"],"repository_ssim":["Stanford University Libraries. 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Forsyth, Robb. Coventry: Shanting, The Sacred Province of China Christian Literature Society; Shanghai, 1912","6. Graham, Dorothy: Through the moon Door J. H. Sears \u0026 Co.; N.Y., 1926.","7. Brandt, J.: Introduction to Literary Chinese North China Union Language School; Peking, 1927.","8. Weale, B.L. Putnam: The Vanished Empire Macmillan \u0026 Co.; London, 1926.","9. Jennu, Delia: Letter from Peking Oxford UP; London, 1967.","10. Busheel, Stephen W.: Chinese [UNK] V. I Eyre \u0026 Spottiswoode; London, 1909.","11. Smith, Arthur H.: Chinese Characteristics 3rd ed. Fleming H. Revell Co.; n.y., 1894.","12. Grubb, Norman P.: C.T.Studd, Cricketer \u0026 Pioneer Religious Tract Society; London, 1933.","13. Martin, W.A.P.: The Siege in Peking Oliphant Anderson \u0026 Ferrier; Edinburgh, 1900.","14. Lymn, Jermyn Chi-Hung: Social Life of The Chinese in Peking China Booksellers; Peking, 1928.","15. 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Johnson were members of the wedding party Dating from this ceremony, the couple often signed their combined correspondence Rutheric. Following a brief honeymoon in Tai Shan, the couple returned to Peking where they resided for the next 16 years. During this period Mrs. Clarke made several trips to the United States where she exhibited many of the fabulous Oriental art treasures she had collected throughout her stay in China.","Soon after the couple moved to Shanghai the threat of war between Japan and China became reality. Overnight, internment camps were set up for aliens like the Clarkes. Their homes were occupied by Japanese soldiers as soon as they were evacuated by the local Occupation authorities. From April 10, 1943 until a few weeks following the Japanese surrender to MacArthur on August 14, 1945, the Clarkes were confined at Lung Hwa Camp near Peking.","Among the nearly 1800 interns at Lung Hwa were men and women from all professions and backgrounds. Although spirits were high during the first season at the camp, morale worsened during the winter--food became scarce and poorer in quality and the stoves which the Japanese installed on each floor of the ten dormitories were never lit. The cubicles they occupied were 4`8 by 22' long. Despite the difficult conditions they encountered at the camp, the Clarkes and their fellow inmates managed to maintain a high level of personal development which is reflected in the many activities enjoyed at the camp: lectures, plays, musical productions and many other kinds of intellectual stimulation. One of the most amusing highlights of their stay was the development of a game called Dictionary Please. Because of their limited reading material, the Clarkes designed a game which relied only upon the dictionary they brought with them and their active imaginations. 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Palmer, J.P.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eJade \u003c/emph\u003eSpring Books; London, 1967.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e2. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Encyclopedia Sinica \u003c/emph\u003eCouling, Samuel Kelly \u0026amp; Walsh; Shanghai, 1917.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e3. Thiel, albert W.R.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eChinese Pottery and Stoneware \u003c/emph\u003eThos. nelson \u0026amp; Sons; N.Y., N.D.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e4. Goette, John: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eJade Lore \u003c/emph\u003eKelly \u0026amp; Walsh; Shanghai, 1936.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e5. Forsyth, Robb. Coventry: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eShanting, The Sacred Province of China \u003c/emph\u003eChristian Literature Society; Shanghai, 1912\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e6. Graham, Dorothy: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThrough the moon Door \u003c/emph\u003eJ. H. 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Kathleen Clarke, Margaret Emma Johnson, Gerald Clarke and Hosmer F. Johnson were members of the wedding party Dating from this ceremony, the couple often signed their combined correspondence Rutheric. Following a brief honeymoon in Tai Shan, the couple returned to Peking where they resided for the next 16 years. During this period Mrs. Clarke made several trips to the United States where she exhibited many of the fabulous Oriental art treasures she had collected throughout her stay in China.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSoon after the couple moved to Shanghai the threat of war between Japan and China became reality. Overnight, internment camps were set up for aliens like the Clarkes. Their homes were occupied by Japanese soldiers as soon as they were evacuated by the local Occupation authorities. 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To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections."],"names_ssim":["Department of Special Collections and University Archives","Clarke family"],"corpname_ssim":["Department of Special Collections and University Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Clarke family"],"famname_ssim":["Clarke family"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":348,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"m0292-xml","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:07:35.736Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/m0292-xml_aspace_ref188_q27"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968","value":"Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968","hits":346},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Clarke+Family+Papers%2C+1904-1968\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"David V. 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