{"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?facet.page=5\u0026page=416\u0026view=list","prev":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?facet.page=5\u0026page=415\u0026view=list","next":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?facet.page=5\u0026page=417\u0026view=list","last":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?facet.page=5\u0026page=539\u0026view=list"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":416,"next_page":417,"prev_page":415,"total_pages":539,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":4150,"total_count":5389,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"m0299-xml_aspace_ref52_yqo","type":"Unspecified","attributes":{"title":"Paul the Deacon,  Homilia  46, In assumptione Sanctae Mariae. As ascribed in J. Migne,  Patrologia Latina,  vol. 95, col. Bifolium. Northern Italy?, 1497-1505","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/m0299-xml_aspace_ref52_yqo#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"aspace_ref52_yqo","ref_ssm":["aspace_ref52_yqo","aspace_ref52_yqo"],"id":"m0299-xml_aspace_ref52_yqo","title_filing_ssi":"Paul the Deacon,  Homilia  46, In assumptione Sanctae Mariae. As ascribed in J. Migne,  Patrologia Latina,  vol. 95, col. Bifolium. Northern Italy?","title_ssm":["Paul the Deacon,  Homilia  46, In assumptione Sanctae Mariae. As ascribed in J. Migne,  Patrologia Latina,  vol. 95, col. Bifolium. Northern Italy?"],"title_tesim":["Paul the Deacon,  Homilia  46, In assumptione Sanctae Mariae. As ascribed in J. Migne,  Patrologia Latina,  vol. 95, col. Bifolium. Northern Italy?"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1497-1505"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1497-1505"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Paul the Deacon,  Homilia  46, In assumptione Sanctae Mariae. As ascribed in J. Migne,  Patrologia Latina,  vol. 95, col. Bifolium. Northern Italy?, 1497-1505"],"text":["Paul the Deacon,  Homilia  46, In assumptione Sanctae Mariae. As ascribed in J. Migne,  Patrologia Latina,  vol. 95, col. Bifolium. Northern Italy?, 1497-1505","Medieval fragments study collection, 11th-16th century","12th Century","36 *"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ssim":["m0299-xml","aspace_ref17_y0v"],"parent_ssi":"aspace_ref17_y0v","parent_ids_ssim":["m0299-xml","m0299-xml_aspace_ref17_y0v"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Medieval fragments study collection, 11th-16th century","12th Century"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Medieval fragments study collection, 11th-16th century","12th Century"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Unspecified"],"unitid_ssm":["36 *"],"repository_ssim":["Stanford University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Medieval fragments study collection, 11th-16th century"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Unspecified"],"level_ssim":["Unspecified"],"sort_isi":38,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["None."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Property rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#30","_nest_parent_":"m0299-xml_aspace_ref17_y0v","_root_":"m0299-xml","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:07:38.949Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"m0299-xml","title_ssm":["Medieval fragments study collection"],"title_tesim":["Medieval fragments study collection"],"ead_ssi":"m0299.xml","unitdate_ssm":["11th-16th century"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["11th-16th century"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M0299"],"text":["M0299","Medieval fragments study collection, 11th-16th century","None.","Purchased, 1969 and 1978.","Primarily fragments, these specimens were acquired to demonstrate the development of writing in the western world. A variety of scripts are represented, from Carolingian minuscule to the humanistic hands and the \"cancelleresca.\"","Papers and Photographs:  Many items in this collection have been studied by Stanford paleography students. Items for which student papers (usually including transcriptions) are available, are marked by an asterisk in this guide. Also note that photographs are available for more than half of the items, which are marked `+' in the guide. They may be borrowed from the library for a five-week loan period. If interested in either papers or photographs, please ask at the front desk.","Items marked  oversize  are stored in Box no. 5 in numerical order. Item no. 97 is stored separately in the map case.","Property rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections.","Department of Special Collections and University Archives","English, Middle (1100-1500)"],"unitid_tesim":["M0299"],"normalized_date_ssm":["11th-16th century"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Medieval fragments study collection, 11th-16th century"],"collection_title_tesim":["Medieval fragments study collection, 11th-16th century"],"collection_ssim":["Medieval fragments study collection, 11th-16th century"],"repository_ssm":["Stanford University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Stanford University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Property rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["130 item(s)"],"extent_tesim":["130 item(s)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["None."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePurchased, 1969 and 1978.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["Purchased, 1969 and 1978."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item] Medieval fragments study collection, 11th-16th cent., M0299, Dept. of Special Collections, Stanford University Libraries, Stanford, Calif.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item] Medieval fragments study collection, 11th-16th cent., M0299, Dept. of Special Collections, Stanford University Libraries, Stanford, Calif."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePrimarily fragments, these specimens were acquired to demonstrate the development of writing in the western world. A variety of scripts are represented, from Carolingian minuscule to the humanistic hands and the \"cancelleresca.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ePapers and Photographs: \u003c/emph\u003eMany items in this collection have been studied by Stanford paleography students. Items for which student papers (usually including transcriptions) are available, are marked by an asterisk in this guide. Also note that photographs are available for more than half of the items, which are marked `+' in the guide. They may be borrowed from the library for a five-week loan period. If interested in either papers or photographs, please ask at the front desk.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eItems marked \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eoversize \u003c/emph\u003eare stored in Box no. 5 in numerical order. Item no. 97 is stored separately in the map case.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Primarily fragments, these specimens were acquired to demonstrate the development of writing in the western world. A variety of scripts are represented, from Carolingian minuscule to the humanistic hands and the \"cancelleresca.\"","Papers and Photographs:  Many items in this collection have been studied by Stanford paleography students. Items for which student papers (usually including transcriptions) are available, are marked by an asterisk in this guide. Also note that photographs are available for more than half of the items, which are marked `+' in the guide. They may be borrowed from the library for a five-week loan period. If interested in either papers or photographs, please ask at the front desk.","Items marked  oversize  are stored in Box no. 5 in numerical order. Item no. 97 is stored separately in the map case."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProperty rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Publication Rights"],"userestrict_tesim":["Property rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections."],"names_ssim":["Department of Special Collections and University Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["Department of Special Collections and University Archives"],"language_ssim":["English, Middle (1100-1500)"],"total_component_count_is":132,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"m0299-xml","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:07:38.949Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/m0299-xml_aspace_ref52_yqo"}},{"id":"umich-wcl-M-2370mac_al_dc53d6250c18677cbd975c5d2c216c9adfc21b33","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"P.C. 64th Brigade,    1918 October 12-1918 October 13 .","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-wcl-M-2370mac_al_dc53d6250c18677cbd975c5d2c216c9adfc21b33#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"al_dc53d6250c18677cbd975c5d2c216c9adfc21b33","ref_ssm":["al_dc53d6250c18677cbd975c5d2c216c9adfc21b33","al_dc53d6250c18677cbd975c5d2c216c9adfc21b33"],"id":"umich-wcl-M-2370mac_al_dc53d6250c18677cbd975c5d2c216c9adfc21b33","title_filing_ssi":"P.C. 64th Brigade,    1918 October 12-1918 October 13 .","title_ssm":["P.C. 64th Brigade,    1918 October 12-1918 October 13 ."],"title_tesim":["P.C. 64th Brigade,    1918 October 12-1918 October 13 ."],"normalized_title_ssm":["P.C. 64th Brigade,    1918 October 12-1918 October 13 ."],"text":["P.C. 64th Brigade,    1918 October 12-1918 October 13 .","Douglas MacArthur collection  1885-1983 1917-1919","Papers pertaining to the 42nd (Rainbow) Division","Military documents to the 42nd Division from external military units."],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ssim":["umich-wcl-M-2370mac","al_0486ec705f14b82141300eea80836fd2432c2899","al_326b7163fc51c9d8d763f9ec914eb6fe8eb2ead7"],"parent_ssi":"al_326b7163fc51c9d8d763f9ec914eb6fe8eb2ead7","parent_ids_ssim":["umich-wcl-M-2370mac","umich-wcl-M-2370mac_al_0486ec705f14b82141300eea80836fd2432c2899","umich-wcl-M-2370mac_al_326b7163fc51c9d8d763f9ec914eb6fe8eb2ead7"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Douglas MacArthur collection  1885-1983 1917-1919","Papers pertaining to the 42nd (Rainbow) Division","Military documents to the 42nd Division from external military units."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Douglas MacArthur collection  1885-1983 1917-1919","Papers pertaining to the 42nd (Rainbow) Division","Military documents to the 42nd Division from external military units."],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. William L. Clements Library"],"collection_ssim":["Douglas MacArthur collection  1885-1983 1917-1919"],"extent_ssm":["3 Documents"],"extent_tesim":["3 Documents"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":88,"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#0/components#3","_nest_parent_":"umich-wcl-M-2370mac_al_326b7163fc51c9d8d763f9ec914eb6fe8eb2ead7","_root_":"umich-wcl-M-2370mac","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:25:17.168Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"umich-wcl-M-2370mac","title_ssm":["Douglas MacArthur collection  1885-1983 1917-1919","MacArthur, Douglas collection"],"title_tesim":["Douglas MacArthur collection  1885-1983 1917-1919","MacArthur, Douglas collection"],"ead_ssi":"umich-wcl-M-2370mac","level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["wclmss001314"],"text":["wclmss001314","Douglas MacArthur collection  1885-1983 1917-1919","Aisne, Battle of the, France, 1918.","Argonne, Battle of the, 1918.","Chateau-Thierry, Battle of, 1918.","Chemical Warfare.","Chemical Warfare--Safety Measures.","Chemical Weapons.","Communications, Military.","Gases, Asphyxiating and Poisonous--War Use.","Marne, 2nd Battle of the, France, 1918.","Military Assistance, French.","Military Intelligence.","Military Reconnaissance.","Saint-Mihiel (France), Battle of, 1918.","Signals and Signaling.","United States. Army.","United States--History--1913-1921.","World War, 1914-1918.","World War, 1914-1918--Aerial Operations.","World War, 1914-1918--Campaigns-France.","Books.","Diaries.","Diaries.","Letters (correspondence)","Newspapers.","Orders (military records)","Photographs.","The Douglas MacArthur collection has been organized into four series.  Within these series, the papers are separated into distinct sub-series groups. Series I: Correspondence and diaries Sub-series I: Letters and diary to Florence Adams (Box 1) Sub-series II: Letters from Douglas MacArthur to Louise Cromwell (Brooks) MacArthur (Box 1) Sub-series III: Letters from Douglas MacArthur to Hamilton Fish, Jr. (Box 1) Sub-series IV: Miscellaneous letters and documents pertaining to Douglas MacArthur (Box 1) Series II: Papers related to the 42nd (Rainbow) Division Sub-series I: Military documents to the 42nd Division from external military units (Boxes 1-2) Sub-series II: Military documents from the 42nd Division to various military units (Boxes 2-4) Sub-series III: Internal military documents from and to various military units in the 42nd Division. (Box 5) Sub-series IV: Kenneth A. Sutherland Notebook. (Box 6) Series III: Photographs and miscellaneous papers pertaining to Douglas MacArthur Sub-series I: Aerial photographs and negatives, 91st Reconnaissance Squadron. (Box 7) Sub-series II: Miscellaneous photographs and papers. (Box 8) Series IV:  Published works.","Douglas MacArthur","Douglas MacArthur was born on January 26, 1880, the youngest child of (Capt.) Arthur MacArthur (1845-1912) and Mary Pinkney Hardy (1852-1935). His siblings were Arthur (1876-1923), and Malcolm (1878-1883), who died before his seventh birthday. ","Douglas MacArthur graduated from West Texas Military Academy in 1897 as valedictorian and two years later entered West Point.  In 1903 he graduated as First Captain, West Point's highest honor.  In September 1903, he joined the 3rd Battalion Engineers in San Francisco, and almost immediately was sent to Manila, Philippines. The next year he was promoted to First Lieutenant, and in 1906 returned to the United States.  After being made Captain of Engineers at Leavenworth in 1911, MacArthur was assigned to Vera Cruz to report information to the War Department.  While serving as military aide to the Secretary of War in 1916, he conceived the idea of expanding the existing National Guard through volunteer enlistment and turned into combat divisions - an idea that would be used for the formation of the 42nd Division. ","In 1917, MacArthur was appointed Colonel and Chief of Staff of the 42nd (Rainbow) Division.  As Commander of the 84th Infantry Brigade, he led his troops during the vitally important Argonne Campaign in the last months of the war.  In 1919, the 42nd Division returned to the United States, and MacArthur accepted an appointment as Superintendent of West Point.  While there, he became permanent Brigadier General.  MacArthur married Louise Cromwell Brooks in 1922, the year he was posted to command the Philippine Division, but they divorced seven years later. In November 1929, MacArthur was promoted to General and chosen as the man to replace General Summerall as the Chief of Staff, U.S. Army.  In 1937, MacArthur married a second time - to Jean Marie Faircloth, and they had a son, Arthur, a year later. ","In December 1941, the Japanese Army attacked and defeated MacArthur's Philippine Army on the Bataan Peninsula.  The following March, MacArthur was ordered from the Philippines to command the Allied troops with Thomas Blamey.  For six months, MacArthur concentrated on the defense of New Guinea, which led to an ambitious counter-attack in January and February 1943.  On the day the Japanese surrendered, MacArthur was appointed Supreme Commander of Allied Powers. ","MacArthur remained in occupied Japan until 1950, orchestrating the reformation of the post-war country.  On the 29th of June, 1950, MacArthur went to South Korea with American forces to assess the situation after North Korea's invasion of South Korea.  This assessment led to Truman's commitment of U.S. troops to a ground war in Korea.  The North Koreans abandoned Seoul on September 28, 1950, after MacArthur's successful military plan to attack through Inchon.  As a result of the success of this campaign, China decided to enter the Korean War.  MacArthur was ordered by the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Secretary of Defense, in conjunction with a U.N. resolution, to proceed north of the 38th parallel.  Chinese troops attacked, leading to the withdrawal of MacArthur's troops back south of the 38th.  By this time, MacArthur had disobeyed the military order to employ only Korean forces in the frontier provinces.  On the 24th of March, MacArthur issued a lengthy communiqué complaining about the restrictions on his forces and taunted the enemy for their lack of industrial power and inability to maintain even moderate air and naval power. This pronouncement and his previous insubordination caused President Truman to relieve MacArthur of his command. ","In April 1951, General Douglas MacArthur returned to San Francisco to thousands of cheering citizens.  On April 19 he presented his case regarding his relief of command to a joint session of congress.  During his remaining years, MacArthur traveled throughout the United States to make speeches, in which he often denounced communists and socialists, and spoke of corrupt administration and heavy taxation. At the age of 84, on April 5, 1964, Douglas MacArthur died in a hospital in Washington.","The 42nd (Rainbow) Division","The Rainbow Division was created in 1917 as a composite division of members of the Regular Army and the National Guard solely for use in the war in Europe.  The 42nd arrived in Europe in 1917 as the war was entering a new phase: Russia had dropped out of the war, America was joining the war, and Germany was racing to provide tremendous reinforcement before the American forces arrived. ","In February 1918 the 42nd Division, part of the First U.S. Army Corps, was ordered to the Luneville area for a month of training with French units from the 7th French Army Corps.  While there, the Rainbow Division distinguished itself as \"a first class combat Division.\" ","The first assignment for the 42nd was to relieve the 128th French Infantry Division from the Baccarat Sector.  In the war, this was the first time an American Division held a Sector on its own.  The Division successfully held the Baccarat Sector until relief orders were sent on June 16, 1918.  Two weeks later, the 42nd Division went to the front at the Battle of Champagne alongside the 21st French Army Corps.  After an attack by the Germans on the fifteenth of July, the 42nd assisted in the Champagne defense until the end of the battle (July 18).  The Sixth French Army Corps was given the Rainbow Division to pursue the supposedly retreating enemy at the Battle of the Ourcq from July 25-July 27, 1918. From July 28-August 1st, the Allies captured strongpoints of the German position.  August 2-August 3rd, the 42nd Division assisted in pursuing the enemy until relieved by the 4th Regular Division. ","After the Battle of the Ourcq, Douglas MacArthur was given command of the 84th Infantry Brigade (William Hughes, Jr., replaced him as Chief of Staff, 42nd Division).  In September, the Rainbow Division, then under the 4th American Army Corps, was ordered to attack the center of the south side of the San Mihiel Salient and was assigned to the defense of the Essey-Pannes Sector until September 30, when it was relieved by the 89th Division. ","On October 11-12, 1918, the Rainbow Division relieved the 1st Division on the Verdun front.  In order to break the 2nd German line of defense, the hill called The Cote de Chatillon had to be taken.  From October 13-16, Brigadier General Douglas MacArthur commanded the 84th Infantry Division to the successful capture of Hill 288 (a strongly fortified point on the Kreimhilde Stellung), the Tuilerie Ferme, and the Cote de Chatillon (beyond the enemy's strong line of resistance). ","The next attack took place November 1, 1918.  The 42nd Division provided machine gun fire for the advancement of the 2nd and 89th Divisions.  After this victory, and as a result of divisional rivalry (and a difference in opinion as to the exact nature of a memorandum), the 42nd and the 1st Divisions (of the First American Army Corps and the 5th American Army Corps respectively) 'raced' for the glory of partaking in the (potential) final engagement of the war, in Sedan.  On November 6-7, the Rainbow, the 4th French Army, and the 1st and 77th American Divisions, fought south of the Meuse (south of Sedan).  The fighting ended when the enemy requested an armistice on November 9, 1918.  The 42nd Division backed off and was able to claim that the Americans who got closest to Sedan were members of the 166th Infantry of the 83rd Infantry Brigade.  The armistice was signed two days later. ","The 42nd Division remained in France and occupied Germany until May 1, 1919, when the last unit arrived home. Less than two weeks later, the last Brigade was demobilized. ","The MacArthur collection contains 885 letters, documents, photographs, and published works dating from March 23, 1885, to July 5, 1983. The bulk of the material (710 items) consists of military documents and manuscript notes from September 8, 1917 to January 27, 1919.  ","The military materials include general orders, field orders, field messages, memoranda, intelligence, and communications, related to the U.S. 42nd Division (The Rainbow Division), A.E.F., founded in 1917.  The majority of the collection falls during the period of time from late 1917 to early August 1918, when Douglas MacArthur was Chief of Staff for the 42nd Division.  Documents from military units that fought alongside the 42nd Division (both French and American), the U.S. Chemical Warfare, and the Intelligence Divisions -- as well as various German, French, and American communications -- are included.  Organizational documents, such as training schedules, and march tables, are also present.  A considerable number, if not all, of these materials must have been approved or viewed by MacArthur, and many of the items in this collection bear his initials or the initials of his information assistant, William Hughes, Jr.  From early August 1918 until the armistice was signed on November 11, 1918, MacArthur acted as the commanding officer for the 84th Infantry Brigade, and several military orders bear his name. ","Seventy-six letters in the collection (located in Box 1) are either from Douglas MacArthur or pertain in some way to him.  Six of these items, dated 1904, pertain to MacArthur and Florence Adams, whom he met in the Philippines, including a 46-page diary MacArthur wrote to Adams while he was on board a ship from Manila to the United States.  Five letters, dated 1921 and 1925, are written by MacArthur to Louise Brooks who became Mrs. Douglas MacArthur in 1922.  These letters contain both romantic content as well as personal reflections on the events in MacArthur's life at the time.  Also included are nine letters from MacArthur to Hamilton Fish, Jr., dated 1921-1934.  The remainder of the correspondence is a miscellaneous collection of letters written by Douglas MacArthur, Jean MacArthur, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Harry S. Truman, and others.","The Douglas MacArthur collection also contains a notebook kept by Kenneth A. Sutherland, veteran of the 42nd Division, which contains a selection of items related to the Division's post-war activities and reunions; 40 aerial photographs and negatives taken by the 91st Reconnaissance Squadron, October 10, 1918; several photographs of Douglas MacArthur; thirteen published works by or about the General; and other miscellaneous materials.","The Douglas MacArthur collection is made up of military documents related to General Douglas MacArthur and the 42nd (Rainbow) Division during the first World War, and miscellaneous letters, documents, photographs, published works, and one diary illuminating various aspects of the General's public career and personal life.","William L. Clements Library , University of Michigan","United States. Army--Artillery.","United States. Army--Artillery--Drill and Tactics.","United States. Army--Communication Systems.","United States. Army--Drill and Tactics.","United States. Army--Equipment.","United States. Army--Field Service.","United States. Army--History.","United States. Army--Information Services.","United States. Army--Medals, Badges, Decorations, etc.","United States. Army--Organization.","United States. Army--Records and Correspondence.","United States. Army--Safety Measures.","United States. Army--Sanitary Affairs.","United States. Army. Infantry Division, 42nd.","Diedrich, D. N. (Duane Norman)","Brooks, Louise Cromwell.","Fish, Hamilton, 1849-1936.","Adams, Florence.","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969.","Granara, J. Ralph.","Hughes, William.","Hunt, Haroldson L.","Kean, Robert Winthrop.","Luhrs, H. Ernst.","MacArthur, Arthur, 1845-1912.","MacArthur, Douglas, 1880-1964.","MacArthur, Jean Faircloth.","Mark, Clark.","Menoher, Charles Thomas, 1862-1930 ","Rhodes, Weldon E.","Sutherland, Kenneth A.","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972.","The material is in  English"],"unitid_tesim":["wclmss001314"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Douglas MacArthur collection  1885-1983 1917-1919"],"collection_title_tesim":["Douglas MacArthur collection  1885-1983 1917-1919"],"collection_ssim":["Douglas MacArthur collection  1885-1983 1917-1919"],"repository_ssm":["University of Michigan. William L. Clements Library"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. William L. Clements Library"],"creator_ssm":["Diedrich, D. N. (Duane Norman)"],"creator_ssim":["Diedrich, D. N. (Duane Norman)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Diedrich, D. N. (Duane Norman)"],"creators_ssim":["Diedrich, D. N. (Duane Norman)"],"acqinfo_ssim":[" Donated by D. N. Diedrich, 1987-2013.   M-2370 et al ."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Aisne, Battle of the, France, 1918.","Argonne, Battle of the, 1918.","Chateau-Thierry, Battle of, 1918.","Chemical Warfare.","Chemical Warfare--Safety Measures.","Chemical Weapons.","Communications, Military.","Gases, Asphyxiating and Poisonous--War Use.","Marne, 2nd Battle of the, France, 1918.","Military Assistance, French.","Military Intelligence.","Military Reconnaissance.","Saint-Mihiel (France), Battle of, 1918.","Signals and Signaling.","United States. Army.","United States--History--1913-1921.","World War, 1914-1918.","World War, 1914-1918--Aerial Operations.","World War, 1914-1918--Campaigns-France.","Books.","Diaries.","Diaries.","Letters (correspondence)","Newspapers.","Orders (military records)","Photographs."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Aisne, Battle of the, France, 1918.","Argonne, Battle of the, 1918.","Chateau-Thierry, Battle of, 1918.","Chemical Warfare.","Chemical Warfare--Safety Measures.","Chemical Weapons.","Communications, Military.","Gases, Asphyxiating and Poisonous--War Use.","Marne, 2nd Battle of the, France, 1918.","Military Assistance, French.","Military Intelligence.","Military Reconnaissance.","Saint-Mihiel (France), Battle of, 1918.","Signals and Signaling.","United States. Army.","United States--History--1913-1921.","World War, 1914-1918.","World War, 1914-1918--Aerial Operations.","World War, 1914-1918--Campaigns-France.","Books.","Diaries.","Diaries.","Letters (correspondence)","Newspapers.","Orders (military records)","Photographs."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["885 items"],"extent_tesim":["885 items"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003clist\u003e\n            \u003chead\u003eThe Douglas MacArthur collection has been organized into four series.  Within these series, the papers are separated into distinct sub-series groups.\u003c/head\u003e\n            \u003citem\u003eSeries I: Correspondence and diaries\u003clist\u003e\n                  \u003citem\u003eSub-series I: Letters and diary to Florence Adams (Box 1)\u003c/item\u003e\n                  \u003citem\u003eSub-series II: Letters from Douglas MacArthur to Louise Cromwell (Brooks) MacArthur (Box 1)\u003c/item\u003e\n                  \u003citem\u003eSub-series III: Letters from Douglas MacArthur to Hamilton Fish, Jr. (Box 1)\u003c/item\u003e\n                  \u003citem\u003eSub-series IV: Miscellaneous letters and documents pertaining to Douglas MacArthur (Box 1)\u003c/item\u003e\n               \u003c/list\u003e\n            \u003c/item\u003e\n            \u003citem\u003eSeries II: Papers related to the 42nd (Rainbow) Division\u003clist\u003e\n                  \u003citem\u003eSub-series I: Military documents to the 42nd Division from external military units (Boxes 1-2)\u003c/item\u003e\n                  \u003citem\u003eSub-series II: Military documents from the 42nd Division to various military units (Boxes 2-4)\u003c/item\u003e\n                  \u003citem\u003eSub-series III: Internal military documents from and to various military units in the 42nd Division. (Box 5)\u003c/item\u003e\n                  \u003citem\u003eSub-series IV: Kenneth A. Sutherland Notebook. (Box 6)\u003c/item\u003e\n               \u003c/list\u003e\n            \u003c/item\u003e\n            \u003citem\u003eSeries III: Photographs and miscellaneous papers pertaining to Douglas MacArthur\u003clist\u003e\n                  \u003citem\u003eSub-series I: Aerial photographs and negatives, 91st Reconnaissance Squadron. (Box 7)\u003c/item\u003e\n                  \u003citem\u003eSub-series II: Miscellaneous photographs and papers. (Box 8)\u003c/item\u003e\n               \u003c/list\u003e\n            \u003c/item\u003e\n            \u003citem\u003eSeries IV:  Published works.\u003c/item\u003e\n         \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Douglas MacArthur collection has been organized into four series.  Within these series, the papers are separated into distinct sub-series groups. Series I: Correspondence and diaries Sub-series I: Letters and diary to Florence Adams (Box 1) Sub-series II: Letters from Douglas MacArthur to Louise Cromwell (Brooks) MacArthur (Box 1) Sub-series III: Letters from Douglas MacArthur to Hamilton Fish, Jr. (Box 1) Sub-series IV: Miscellaneous letters and documents pertaining to Douglas MacArthur (Box 1) Series II: Papers related to the 42nd (Rainbow) Division Sub-series I: Military documents to the 42nd Division from external military units (Boxes 1-2) Sub-series II: Military documents from the 42nd Division to various military units (Boxes 2-4) Sub-series III: Internal military documents from and to various military units in the 42nd Division. (Box 5) Sub-series IV: Kenneth A. Sutherland Notebook. (Box 6) Series III: Photographs and miscellaneous papers pertaining to Douglas MacArthur Sub-series I: Aerial photographs and negatives, 91st Reconnaissance Squadron. (Box 7) Sub-series II: Miscellaneous photographs and papers. (Box 8) Series IV:  Published works."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003e\n               \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eDouglas MacArthur\u003c/emph\u003e\n            \u003c/emph\u003e\n         \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDouglas MacArthur was born on January 26, 1880, the youngest child of (Capt.) Arthur MacArthur (1845-1912) and Mary Pinkney Hardy (1852-1935). His siblings were Arthur (1876-1923), and Malcolm (1878-1883), who died before his seventh birthday. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDouglas MacArthur graduated from West Texas Military Academy in 1897 as valedictorian and two years later entered West Point.  In 1903 he graduated as First Captain, West Point's highest honor.  In September 1903, he joined the 3rd Battalion Engineers in San Francisco, and almost immediately was sent to Manila, Philippines. The next year he was promoted to First Lieutenant, and in 1906 returned to the United States.  After being made Captain of Engineers at Leavenworth in 1911, MacArthur was assigned to Vera Cruz to report information to the War Department.  While serving as military aide to the Secretary of War in 1916, he conceived the idea of expanding the existing National Guard through volunteer enlistment and turned into combat divisions - an idea that would be used for the formation of the 42nd Division. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1917, MacArthur was appointed Colonel and Chief of Staff of the 42nd (Rainbow) Division.  As Commander of the 84th Infantry Brigade, he led his troops during the vitally important Argonne Campaign in the last months of the war.  In 1919, the 42nd Division returned to the United States, and MacArthur accepted an appointment as Superintendent of West Point.  While there, he became permanent Brigadier General.  MacArthur married Louise Cromwell Brooks in 1922, the year he was posted to command the Philippine Division, but they divorced seven years later. In November 1929, MacArthur was promoted to General and chosen as the man to replace General Summerall as the Chief of Staff, U.S. Army.  In 1937, MacArthur married a second time - to Jean Marie Faircloth, and they had a son, Arthur, a year later. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn December 1941, the Japanese Army attacked and defeated MacArthur's Philippine Army on the Bataan Peninsula.  The following March, MacArthur was ordered from the Philippines to command the Allied troops with Thomas Blamey.  For six months, MacArthur concentrated on the defense of New Guinea, which led to an ambitious counter-attack in January and February 1943.  On the day the Japanese surrendered, MacArthur was appointed Supreme Commander of Allied Powers. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMacArthur remained in occupied Japan until 1950, orchestrating the reformation of the post-war country.  On the 29th of June, 1950, MacArthur went to South Korea with American forces to assess the situation after North Korea's invasion of South Korea.  This assessment led to Truman's commitment of U.S. troops to a ground war in Korea.  The North Koreans abandoned Seoul on September 28, 1950, after MacArthur's successful military plan to attack through Inchon.  As a result of the success of this campaign, China decided to enter the Korean War.  MacArthur was ordered by the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Secretary of Defense, in conjunction with a U.N. resolution, to proceed north of the 38th parallel.  Chinese troops attacked, leading to the withdrawal of MacArthur's troops back south of the 38th.  By this time, MacArthur had disobeyed the military order to employ only Korean forces in the frontier provinces.  On the 24th of March, MacArthur issued a lengthy communiqué complaining about the restrictions on his forces and taunted the enemy for their lack of industrial power and inability to maintain even moderate air and naval power. This pronouncement and his previous insubordination caused President Truman to relieve MacArthur of his command. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn April 1951, General Douglas MacArthur returned to San Francisco to thousands of cheering citizens.  On April 19 he presented his case regarding his relief of command to a joint session of congress.  During his remaining years, MacArthur traveled throughout the United States to make speeches, in which he often denounced communists and socialists, and spoke of corrupt administration and heavy taxation. At the age of 84, on April 5, 1964, Douglas MacArthur died in a hospital in Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003e\n               \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eThe 42nd (Rainbow) Division\u003c/emph\u003e\n            \u003c/emph\u003e\n         \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Rainbow Division was created in 1917 as a composite division of members of the Regular Army and the National Guard solely for use in the war in Europe.  The 42nd arrived in Europe in 1917 as the war was entering a new phase: Russia had dropped out of the war, America was joining the war, and Germany was racing to provide tremendous reinforcement before the American forces arrived. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn February 1918 the 42nd Division, part of the First U.S. Army Corps, was ordered to the Luneville area for a month of training with French units from the 7th French Army Corps.  While there, the Rainbow Division distinguished itself as \"a first class combat Division.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first assignment for the 42nd was to relieve the 128th French Infantry Division from the Baccarat Sector.  In the war, this was the first time an American Division held a Sector on its own.  The Division successfully held the Baccarat Sector until relief orders were sent on June 16, 1918.  Two weeks later, the 42nd Division went to the front at the Battle of Champagne alongside the 21st French Army Corps.  After an attack by the Germans on the fifteenth of July, the 42nd assisted in the Champagne defense until the end of the battle (July 18).  The Sixth French Army Corps was given the Rainbow Division to pursue the supposedly retreating enemy at the Battle of the Ourcq from July 25-July 27, 1918. From July 28-August 1st, the Allies captured strongpoints of the German position.  August 2-August 3rd, the 42nd Division assisted in pursuing the enemy until relieved by the 4th Regular Division. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter the Battle of the Ourcq, Douglas MacArthur was given command of the 84th Infantry Brigade (William Hughes, Jr., replaced him as Chief of Staff, 42nd Division).  In September, the Rainbow Division, then under the 4th American Army Corps, was ordered to attack the center of the south side of the San Mihiel Salient and was assigned to the defense of the Essey-Pannes Sector until September 30, when it was relieved by the 89th Division. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn October 11-12, 1918, the Rainbow Division relieved the 1st Division on the Verdun front.  In order to break the 2nd German line of defense, the hill called The Cote de Chatillon had to be taken.  From October 13-16, Brigadier General Douglas MacArthur commanded the 84th Infantry Division to the successful capture of Hill 288 (a strongly fortified point on the Kreimhilde Stellung), the Tuilerie Ferme, and the Cote de Chatillon (beyond the enemy's strong line of resistance). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe next attack took place November 1, 1918.  The 42nd Division provided machine gun fire for the advancement of the 2nd and 89th Divisions.  After this victory, and as a result of divisional rivalry (and a difference in opinion as to the exact nature of a memorandum), the 42nd and the 1st Divisions (of the First American Army Corps and the 5th American Army Corps respectively) 'raced' for the glory of partaking in the (potential) final engagement of the war, in Sedan.  On November 6-7, the Rainbow, the 4th French Army, and the 1st and 77th American Divisions, fought south of the Meuse (south of Sedan).  The fighting ended when the enemy requested an armistice on November 9, 1918.  The 42nd Division backed off and was able to claim that the Americans who got closest to Sedan were members of the 166th Infantry of the 83rd Infantry Brigade.  The armistice was signed two days later. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 42nd Division remained in France and occupied Germany until May 1, 1919, when the last unit arrived home. Less than two weeks later, the last Brigade was demobilized. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biography"],"bioghist_tesim":["Douglas MacArthur","Douglas MacArthur was born on January 26, 1880, the youngest child of (Capt.) Arthur MacArthur (1845-1912) and Mary Pinkney Hardy (1852-1935). His siblings were Arthur (1876-1923), and Malcolm (1878-1883), who died before his seventh birthday. ","Douglas MacArthur graduated from West Texas Military Academy in 1897 as valedictorian and two years later entered West Point.  In 1903 he graduated as First Captain, West Point's highest honor.  In September 1903, he joined the 3rd Battalion Engineers in San Francisco, and almost immediately was sent to Manila, Philippines. The next year he was promoted to First Lieutenant, and in 1906 returned to the United States.  After being made Captain of Engineers at Leavenworth in 1911, MacArthur was assigned to Vera Cruz to report information to the War Department.  While serving as military aide to the Secretary of War in 1916, he conceived the idea of expanding the existing National Guard through volunteer enlistment and turned into combat divisions - an idea that would be used for the formation of the 42nd Division. ","In 1917, MacArthur was appointed Colonel and Chief of Staff of the 42nd (Rainbow) Division.  As Commander of the 84th Infantry Brigade, he led his troops during the vitally important Argonne Campaign in the last months of the war.  In 1919, the 42nd Division returned to the United States, and MacArthur accepted an appointment as Superintendent of West Point.  While there, he became permanent Brigadier General.  MacArthur married Louise Cromwell Brooks in 1922, the year he was posted to command the Philippine Division, but they divorced seven years later. In November 1929, MacArthur was promoted to General and chosen as the man to replace General Summerall as the Chief of Staff, U.S. Army.  In 1937, MacArthur married a second time - to Jean Marie Faircloth, and they had a son, Arthur, a year later. ","In December 1941, the Japanese Army attacked and defeated MacArthur's Philippine Army on the Bataan Peninsula.  The following March, MacArthur was ordered from the Philippines to command the Allied troops with Thomas Blamey.  For six months, MacArthur concentrated on the defense of New Guinea, which led to an ambitious counter-attack in January and February 1943.  On the day the Japanese surrendered, MacArthur was appointed Supreme Commander of Allied Powers. ","MacArthur remained in occupied Japan until 1950, orchestrating the reformation of the post-war country.  On the 29th of June, 1950, MacArthur went to South Korea with American forces to assess the situation after North Korea's invasion of South Korea.  This assessment led to Truman's commitment of U.S. troops to a ground war in Korea.  The North Koreans abandoned Seoul on September 28, 1950, after MacArthur's successful military plan to attack through Inchon.  As a result of the success of this campaign, China decided to enter the Korean War.  MacArthur was ordered by the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Secretary of Defense, in conjunction with a U.N. resolution, to proceed north of the 38th parallel.  Chinese troops attacked, leading to the withdrawal of MacArthur's troops back south of the 38th.  By this time, MacArthur had disobeyed the military order to employ only Korean forces in the frontier provinces.  On the 24th of March, MacArthur issued a lengthy communiqué complaining about the restrictions on his forces and taunted the enemy for their lack of industrial power and inability to maintain even moderate air and naval power. This pronouncement and his previous insubordination caused President Truman to relieve MacArthur of his command. ","In April 1951, General Douglas MacArthur returned to San Francisco to thousands of cheering citizens.  On April 19 he presented his case regarding his relief of command to a joint session of congress.  During his remaining years, MacArthur traveled throughout the United States to make speeches, in which he often denounced communists and socialists, and spoke of corrupt administration and heavy taxation. At the age of 84, on April 5, 1964, Douglas MacArthur died in a hospital in Washington.","The 42nd (Rainbow) Division","The Rainbow Division was created in 1917 as a composite division of members of the Regular Army and the National Guard solely for use in the war in Europe.  The 42nd arrived in Europe in 1917 as the war was entering a new phase: Russia had dropped out of the war, America was joining the war, and Germany was racing to provide tremendous reinforcement before the American forces arrived. ","In February 1918 the 42nd Division, part of the First U.S. Army Corps, was ordered to the Luneville area for a month of training with French units from the 7th French Army Corps.  While there, the Rainbow Division distinguished itself as \"a first class combat Division.\" ","The first assignment for the 42nd was to relieve the 128th French Infantry Division from the Baccarat Sector.  In the war, this was the first time an American Division held a Sector on its own.  The Division successfully held the Baccarat Sector until relief orders were sent on June 16, 1918.  Two weeks later, the 42nd Division went to the front at the Battle of Champagne alongside the 21st French Army Corps.  After an attack by the Germans on the fifteenth of July, the 42nd assisted in the Champagne defense until the end of the battle (July 18).  The Sixth French Army Corps was given the Rainbow Division to pursue the supposedly retreating enemy at the Battle of the Ourcq from July 25-July 27, 1918. From July 28-August 1st, the Allies captured strongpoints of the German position.  August 2-August 3rd, the 42nd Division assisted in pursuing the enemy until relieved by the 4th Regular Division. ","After the Battle of the Ourcq, Douglas MacArthur was given command of the 84th Infantry Brigade (William Hughes, Jr., replaced him as Chief of Staff, 42nd Division).  In September, the Rainbow Division, then under the 4th American Army Corps, was ordered to attack the center of the south side of the San Mihiel Salient and was assigned to the defense of the Essey-Pannes Sector until September 30, when it was relieved by the 89th Division. ","On October 11-12, 1918, the Rainbow Division relieved the 1st Division on the Verdun front.  In order to break the 2nd German line of defense, the hill called The Cote de Chatillon had to be taken.  From October 13-16, Brigadier General Douglas MacArthur commanded the 84th Infantry Division to the successful capture of Hill 288 (a strongly fortified point on the Kreimhilde Stellung), the Tuilerie Ferme, and the Cote de Chatillon (beyond the enemy's strong line of resistance). ","The next attack took place November 1, 1918.  The 42nd Division provided machine gun fire for the advancement of the 2nd and 89th Divisions.  After this victory, and as a result of divisional rivalry (and a difference in opinion as to the exact nature of a memorandum), the 42nd and the 1st Divisions (of the First American Army Corps and the 5th American Army Corps respectively) 'raced' for the glory of partaking in the (potential) final engagement of the war, in Sedan.  On November 6-7, the Rainbow, the 4th French Army, and the 1st and 77th American Divisions, fought south of the Meuse (south of Sedan).  The fighting ended when the enemy requested an armistice on November 9, 1918.  The 42nd Division backed off and was able to claim that the Americans who got closest to Sedan were members of the 166th Infantry of the 83rd Infantry Brigade.  The armistice was signed two days later. ","The 42nd Division remained in France and occupied Germany until May 1, 1919, when the last unit arrived home. Less than two weeks later, the last Brigade was demobilized. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe MacArthur collection contains 885 letters, documents, photographs, and published works dating from March 23, 1885, to July 5, 1983. The bulk of the material (710 items) consists of military documents and manuscript notes from September 8, 1917 to January 27, 1919.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe military materials include general orders, field orders, field messages, memoranda, intelligence, and communications, related to the U.S. 42nd Division (The Rainbow Division), A.E.F., founded in 1917.  The majority of the collection falls during the period of time from late 1917 to early August 1918, when Douglas MacArthur was Chief of Staff for the 42nd Division.  Documents from military units that fought alongside the 42nd Division (both French and American), the U.S. Chemical Warfare, and the Intelligence Divisions -- as well as various German, French, and American communications -- are included.  Organizational documents, such as training schedules, and march tables, are also present.  A considerable number, if not all, of these materials must have been approved or viewed by MacArthur, and many of the items in this collection bear his initials or the initials of his information assistant, William Hughes, Jr.  From early August 1918 until the armistice was signed on November 11, 1918, MacArthur acted as the commanding officer for the 84th Infantry Brigade, and several military orders bear his name. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeventy-six letters in the collection (located in Box 1) are either from Douglas MacArthur or pertain in some way to him.  Six of these items, dated 1904, pertain to MacArthur and Florence Adams, whom he met in the Philippines, including a 46-page diary MacArthur wrote to Adams while he was on board a ship from Manila to the United States.  Five letters, dated 1921 and 1925, are written by MacArthur to Louise Brooks who became Mrs. Douglas MacArthur in 1922.  These letters contain both romantic content as well as personal reflections on the events in MacArthur's life at the time.  Also included are nine letters from MacArthur to Hamilton Fish, Jr., dated 1921-1934.  The remainder of the correspondence is a miscellaneous collection of letters written by Douglas MacArthur, Jean MacArthur, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Harry S. Truman, and others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Douglas MacArthur collection also contains a notebook kept by Kenneth A. Sutherland, veteran of the 42nd Division, which contains a selection of items related to the Division's post-war activities and reunions; 40 aerial photographs and negatives taken by the 91st Reconnaissance Squadron, October 10, 1918; several photographs of Douglas MacArthur; thirteen published works by or about the General; and other miscellaneous materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The MacArthur collection contains 885 letters, documents, photographs, and published works dating from March 23, 1885, to July 5, 1983. The bulk of the material (710 items) consists of military documents and manuscript notes from September 8, 1917 to January 27, 1919.  ","The military materials include general orders, field orders, field messages, memoranda, intelligence, and communications, related to the U.S. 42nd Division (The Rainbow Division), A.E.F., founded in 1917.  The majority of the collection falls during the period of time from late 1917 to early August 1918, when Douglas MacArthur was Chief of Staff for the 42nd Division.  Documents from military units that fought alongside the 42nd Division (both French and American), the U.S. Chemical Warfare, and the Intelligence Divisions -- as well as various German, French, and American communications -- are included.  Organizational documents, such as training schedules, and march tables, are also present.  A considerable number, if not all, of these materials must have been approved or viewed by MacArthur, and many of the items in this collection bear his initials or the initials of his information assistant, William Hughes, Jr.  From early August 1918 until the armistice was signed on November 11, 1918, MacArthur acted as the commanding officer for the 84th Infantry Brigade, and several military orders bear his name. ","Seventy-six letters in the collection (located in Box 1) are either from Douglas MacArthur or pertain in some way to him.  Six of these items, dated 1904, pertain to MacArthur and Florence Adams, whom he met in the Philippines, including a 46-page diary MacArthur wrote to Adams while he was on board a ship from Manila to the United States.  Five letters, dated 1921 and 1925, are written by MacArthur to Louise Brooks who became Mrs. Douglas MacArthur in 1922.  These letters contain both romantic content as well as personal reflections on the events in MacArthur's life at the time.  Also included are nine letters from MacArthur to Hamilton Fish, Jr., dated 1921-1934.  The remainder of the correspondence is a miscellaneous collection of letters written by Douglas MacArthur, Jean MacArthur, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Harry S. Truman, and others.","The Douglas MacArthur collection also contains a notebook kept by Kenneth A. Sutherland, veteran of the 42nd Division, which contains a selection of items related to the Division's post-war activities and reunions; 40 aerial photographs and negatives taken by the 91st Reconnaissance Squadron, October 10, 1918; several photographs of Douglas MacArthur; thirteen published works by or about the General; and other miscellaneous materials."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract\u003eThe Douglas MacArthur collection is made up of military documents related to General Douglas MacArthur and the 42nd (Rainbow) Division during the first World War, and miscellaneous letters, documents, photographs, published works, and one diary illuminating various aspects of the General's public career and personal life.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Douglas MacArthur collection is made up of military documents related to General Douglas MacArthur and the 42nd (Rainbow) Division during the first World War, and miscellaneous letters, documents, photographs, published works, and one diary illuminating various aspects of the General's public career and personal life."],"names_ssim":["William L. Clements Library , University of Michigan","United States. Army--Artillery.","United States. Army--Artillery--Drill and Tactics.","United States. Army--Communication Systems.","United States. Army--Drill and Tactics.","United States. Army--Equipment.","United States. Army--Field Service.","United States. Army--History.","United States. Army--Information Services.","United States. Army--Medals, Badges, Decorations, etc.","United States. Army--Organization.","United States. Army--Records and Correspondence.","United States. Army--Safety Measures.","United States. Army--Sanitary Affairs.","United States. Army. Infantry Division, 42nd.","Diedrich, D. N. (Duane Norman)","Brooks, Louise Cromwell.","Fish, Hamilton, 1849-1936.","Adams, Florence.","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969.","Granara, J. Ralph.","Hughes, William.","Hunt, Haroldson L.","Kean, Robert Winthrop.","Luhrs, H. Ernst.","MacArthur, Arthur, 1845-1912.","MacArthur, Douglas, 1880-1964.","MacArthur, Jean Faircloth.","Mark, Clark.","Menoher, Charles Thomas, 1862-1930 ","Rhodes, Weldon E.","Sutherland, Kenneth A.","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972."],"corpname_ssim":["William L. Clements Library , University of Michigan","United States. Army--Artillery.","United States. Army--Artillery--Drill and Tactics.","United States. Army--Communication Systems.","United States. Army--Drill and Tactics.","United States. Army--Equipment.","United States. Army--Field Service.","United States. Army--History.","United States. Army--Information Services.","United States. Army--Medals, Badges, Decorations, etc.","United States. Army--Organization.","United States. Army--Records and Correspondence.","United States. Army--Safety Measures.","United States. Army--Sanitary Affairs.","United States. Army. Infantry Division, 42nd."],"persname_ssim":["Diedrich, D. N. (Duane Norman)","Brooks, Louise Cromwell.","Fish, Hamilton, 1849-1936.","Adams, Florence.","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969.","Granara, J. Ralph.","Hughes, William.","Hunt, Haroldson L.","Kean, Robert Winthrop.","Luhrs, H. Ernst.","MacArthur, Arthur, 1845-1912.","MacArthur, Douglas, 1880-1964.","MacArthur, Jean Faircloth.","Mark, Clark.","Menoher, Charles Thomas, 1862-1930 ","Rhodes, Weldon E.","Sutherland, Kenneth A.","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972."],"language_ssim":["The material is in  English"],"descrules_ssm":["Finding aid prepared using Describing Archives: A Content Standard (DACS)"],"total_component_count_is":154,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"umich-wcl-M-2370mac","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:25:17.168Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-wcl-M-2370mac_al_dc53d6250c18677cbd975c5d2c216c9adfc21b33"}},{"id":"umich-wcl-M-2370mac_al_02c38466be310801b97ef8ca1636e0f977ff261e","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Pearlman, Michael D.   Truman \u0026 MacArthur: Policy, Politics, and the Hunger for Honor and Renown .  Bloomington:  Indiana University Press, 2008.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-wcl-M-2370mac_al_02c38466be310801b97ef8ca1636e0f977ff261e#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"al_02c38466be310801b97ef8ca1636e0f977ff261e","ref_ssm":["al_02c38466be310801b97ef8ca1636e0f977ff261e","al_02c38466be310801b97ef8ca1636e0f977ff261e"],"id":"umich-wcl-M-2370mac_al_02c38466be310801b97ef8ca1636e0f977ff261e","title_filing_ssi":"Pearlman, Michael D.   Truman \u0026 MacArthur: Policy, Politics, and the Hunger for Honor and Renown .  Bloomington:  Indiana University Press, 2008.","title_ssm":["Pearlman, Michael D.   Truman \u0026 MacArthur: Policy, Politics, and the Hunger for Honor and Renown .  Bloomington:  Indiana University Press, 2008."],"title_tesim":["Pearlman, Michael D.   Truman \u0026 MacArthur: Policy, Politics, and the Hunger for Honor and Renown .  Bloomington:  Indiana University Press, 2008."],"normalized_title_ssm":["Pearlman, Michael D.   Truman \u0026 MacArthur: Policy, Politics, and the Hunger for Honor and Renown .  Bloomington:  Indiana University Press, 2008."],"text":["Pearlman, Michael D.   Truman \u0026 MacArthur: Policy, Politics, and the Hunger for Honor and Renown .  Bloomington:  Indiana University Press, 2008.","Douglas MacArthur collection  1885-1983 1917-1919","Published works","volume 8"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ssim":["umich-wcl-M-2370mac","al_574566bfbba3186ce933182cecab615674c8432e"],"parent_ssi":"al_574566bfbba3186ce933182cecab615674c8432e","parent_ids_ssim":["umich-wcl-M-2370mac","umich-wcl-M-2370mac_al_574566bfbba3186ce933182cecab615674c8432e"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Douglas MacArthur collection  1885-1983 1917-1919","Published works"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Douglas MacArthur collection  1885-1983 1917-1919","Published works"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. William L. Clements Library"],"collection_ssim":["Douglas MacArthur collection  1885-1983 1917-1919"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":145,"containers_ssim":["volume 8"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#7","_nest_parent_":"umich-wcl-M-2370mac_al_574566bfbba3186ce933182cecab615674c8432e","_root_":"umich-wcl-M-2370mac","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:25:17.168Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"umich-wcl-M-2370mac","title_ssm":["Douglas MacArthur collection  1885-1983 1917-1919","MacArthur, Douglas collection"],"title_tesim":["Douglas MacArthur collection  1885-1983 1917-1919","MacArthur, Douglas collection"],"ead_ssi":"umich-wcl-M-2370mac","level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["wclmss001314"],"text":["wclmss001314","Douglas MacArthur collection  1885-1983 1917-1919","Aisne, Battle of the, France, 1918.","Argonne, Battle of the, 1918.","Chateau-Thierry, Battle of, 1918.","Chemical Warfare.","Chemical Warfare--Safety Measures.","Chemical Weapons.","Communications, Military.","Gases, Asphyxiating and Poisonous--War Use.","Marne, 2nd Battle of the, France, 1918.","Military Assistance, French.","Military Intelligence.","Military Reconnaissance.","Saint-Mihiel (France), Battle of, 1918.","Signals and Signaling.","United States. Army.","United States--History--1913-1921.","World War, 1914-1918.","World War, 1914-1918--Aerial Operations.","World War, 1914-1918--Campaigns-France.","Books.","Diaries.","Diaries.","Letters (correspondence)","Newspapers.","Orders (military records)","Photographs.","The Douglas MacArthur collection has been organized into four series.  Within these series, the papers are separated into distinct sub-series groups. Series I: Correspondence and diaries Sub-series I: Letters and diary to Florence Adams (Box 1) Sub-series II: Letters from Douglas MacArthur to Louise Cromwell (Brooks) MacArthur (Box 1) Sub-series III: Letters from Douglas MacArthur to Hamilton Fish, Jr. (Box 1) Sub-series IV: Miscellaneous letters and documents pertaining to Douglas MacArthur (Box 1) Series II: Papers related to the 42nd (Rainbow) Division Sub-series I: Military documents to the 42nd Division from external military units (Boxes 1-2) Sub-series II: Military documents from the 42nd Division to various military units (Boxes 2-4) Sub-series III: Internal military documents from and to various military units in the 42nd Division. (Box 5) Sub-series IV: Kenneth A. Sutherland Notebook. (Box 6) Series III: Photographs and miscellaneous papers pertaining to Douglas MacArthur Sub-series I: Aerial photographs and negatives, 91st Reconnaissance Squadron. (Box 7) Sub-series II: Miscellaneous photographs and papers. (Box 8) Series IV:  Published works.","Douglas MacArthur","Douglas MacArthur was born on January 26, 1880, the youngest child of (Capt.) Arthur MacArthur (1845-1912) and Mary Pinkney Hardy (1852-1935). His siblings were Arthur (1876-1923), and Malcolm (1878-1883), who died before his seventh birthday. ","Douglas MacArthur graduated from West Texas Military Academy in 1897 as valedictorian and two years later entered West Point.  In 1903 he graduated as First Captain, West Point's highest honor.  In September 1903, he joined the 3rd Battalion Engineers in San Francisco, and almost immediately was sent to Manila, Philippines. The next year he was promoted to First Lieutenant, and in 1906 returned to the United States.  After being made Captain of Engineers at Leavenworth in 1911, MacArthur was assigned to Vera Cruz to report information to the War Department.  While serving as military aide to the Secretary of War in 1916, he conceived the idea of expanding the existing National Guard through volunteer enlistment and turned into combat divisions - an idea that would be used for the formation of the 42nd Division. ","In 1917, MacArthur was appointed Colonel and Chief of Staff of the 42nd (Rainbow) Division.  As Commander of the 84th Infantry Brigade, he led his troops during the vitally important Argonne Campaign in the last months of the war.  In 1919, the 42nd Division returned to the United States, and MacArthur accepted an appointment as Superintendent of West Point.  While there, he became permanent Brigadier General.  MacArthur married Louise Cromwell Brooks in 1922, the year he was posted to command the Philippine Division, but they divorced seven years later. In November 1929, MacArthur was promoted to General and chosen as the man to replace General Summerall as the Chief of Staff, U.S. Army.  In 1937, MacArthur married a second time - to Jean Marie Faircloth, and they had a son, Arthur, a year later. ","In December 1941, the Japanese Army attacked and defeated MacArthur's Philippine Army on the Bataan Peninsula.  The following March, MacArthur was ordered from the Philippines to command the Allied troops with Thomas Blamey.  For six months, MacArthur concentrated on the defense of New Guinea, which led to an ambitious counter-attack in January and February 1943.  On the day the Japanese surrendered, MacArthur was appointed Supreme Commander of Allied Powers. ","MacArthur remained in occupied Japan until 1950, orchestrating the reformation of the post-war country.  On the 29th of June, 1950, MacArthur went to South Korea with American forces to assess the situation after North Korea's invasion of South Korea.  This assessment led to Truman's commitment of U.S. troops to a ground war in Korea.  The North Koreans abandoned Seoul on September 28, 1950, after MacArthur's successful military plan to attack through Inchon.  As a result of the success of this campaign, China decided to enter the Korean War.  MacArthur was ordered by the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Secretary of Defense, in conjunction with a U.N. resolution, to proceed north of the 38th parallel.  Chinese troops attacked, leading to the withdrawal of MacArthur's troops back south of the 38th.  By this time, MacArthur had disobeyed the military order to employ only Korean forces in the frontier provinces.  On the 24th of March, MacArthur issued a lengthy communiqué complaining about the restrictions on his forces and taunted the enemy for their lack of industrial power and inability to maintain even moderate air and naval power. This pronouncement and his previous insubordination caused President Truman to relieve MacArthur of his command. ","In April 1951, General Douglas MacArthur returned to San Francisco to thousands of cheering citizens.  On April 19 he presented his case regarding his relief of command to a joint session of congress.  During his remaining years, MacArthur traveled throughout the United States to make speeches, in which he often denounced communists and socialists, and spoke of corrupt administration and heavy taxation. At the age of 84, on April 5, 1964, Douglas MacArthur died in a hospital in Washington.","The 42nd (Rainbow) Division","The Rainbow Division was created in 1917 as a composite division of members of the Regular Army and the National Guard solely for use in the war in Europe.  The 42nd arrived in Europe in 1917 as the war was entering a new phase: Russia had dropped out of the war, America was joining the war, and Germany was racing to provide tremendous reinforcement before the American forces arrived. ","In February 1918 the 42nd Division, part of the First U.S. Army Corps, was ordered to the Luneville area for a month of training with French units from the 7th French Army Corps.  While there, the Rainbow Division distinguished itself as \"a first class combat Division.\" ","The first assignment for the 42nd was to relieve the 128th French Infantry Division from the Baccarat Sector.  In the war, this was the first time an American Division held a Sector on its own.  The Division successfully held the Baccarat Sector until relief orders were sent on June 16, 1918.  Two weeks later, the 42nd Division went to the front at the Battle of Champagne alongside the 21st French Army Corps.  After an attack by the Germans on the fifteenth of July, the 42nd assisted in the Champagne defense until the end of the battle (July 18).  The Sixth French Army Corps was given the Rainbow Division to pursue the supposedly retreating enemy at the Battle of the Ourcq from July 25-July 27, 1918. From July 28-August 1st, the Allies captured strongpoints of the German position.  August 2-August 3rd, the 42nd Division assisted in pursuing the enemy until relieved by the 4th Regular Division. ","After the Battle of the Ourcq, Douglas MacArthur was given command of the 84th Infantry Brigade (William Hughes, Jr., replaced him as Chief of Staff, 42nd Division).  In September, the Rainbow Division, then under the 4th American Army Corps, was ordered to attack the center of the south side of the San Mihiel Salient and was assigned to the defense of the Essey-Pannes Sector until September 30, when it was relieved by the 89th Division. ","On October 11-12, 1918, the Rainbow Division relieved the 1st Division on the Verdun front.  In order to break the 2nd German line of defense, the hill called The Cote de Chatillon had to be taken.  From October 13-16, Brigadier General Douglas MacArthur commanded the 84th Infantry Division to the successful capture of Hill 288 (a strongly fortified point on the Kreimhilde Stellung), the Tuilerie Ferme, and the Cote de Chatillon (beyond the enemy's strong line of resistance). ","The next attack took place November 1, 1918.  The 42nd Division provided machine gun fire for the advancement of the 2nd and 89th Divisions.  After this victory, and as a result of divisional rivalry (and a difference in opinion as to the exact nature of a memorandum), the 42nd and the 1st Divisions (of the First American Army Corps and the 5th American Army Corps respectively) 'raced' for the glory of partaking in the (potential) final engagement of the war, in Sedan.  On November 6-7, the Rainbow, the 4th French Army, and the 1st and 77th American Divisions, fought south of the Meuse (south of Sedan).  The fighting ended when the enemy requested an armistice on November 9, 1918.  The 42nd Division backed off and was able to claim that the Americans who got closest to Sedan were members of the 166th Infantry of the 83rd Infantry Brigade.  The armistice was signed two days later. ","The 42nd Division remained in France and occupied Germany until May 1, 1919, when the last unit arrived home. Less than two weeks later, the last Brigade was demobilized. ","The MacArthur collection contains 885 letters, documents, photographs, and published works dating from March 23, 1885, to July 5, 1983. The bulk of the material (710 items) consists of military documents and manuscript notes from September 8, 1917 to January 27, 1919.  ","The military materials include general orders, field orders, field messages, memoranda, intelligence, and communications, related to the U.S. 42nd Division (The Rainbow Division), A.E.F., founded in 1917.  The majority of the collection falls during the period of time from late 1917 to early August 1918, when Douglas MacArthur was Chief of Staff for the 42nd Division.  Documents from military units that fought alongside the 42nd Division (both French and American), the U.S. Chemical Warfare, and the Intelligence Divisions -- as well as various German, French, and American communications -- are included.  Organizational documents, such as training schedules, and march tables, are also present.  A considerable number, if not all, of these materials must have been approved or viewed by MacArthur, and many of the items in this collection bear his initials or the initials of his information assistant, William Hughes, Jr.  From early August 1918 until the armistice was signed on November 11, 1918, MacArthur acted as the commanding officer for the 84th Infantry Brigade, and several military orders bear his name. ","Seventy-six letters in the collection (located in Box 1) are either from Douglas MacArthur or pertain in some way to him.  Six of these items, dated 1904, pertain to MacArthur and Florence Adams, whom he met in the Philippines, including a 46-page diary MacArthur wrote to Adams while he was on board a ship from Manila to the United States.  Five letters, dated 1921 and 1925, are written by MacArthur to Louise Brooks who became Mrs. Douglas MacArthur in 1922.  These letters contain both romantic content as well as personal reflections on the events in MacArthur's life at the time.  Also included are nine letters from MacArthur to Hamilton Fish, Jr., dated 1921-1934.  The remainder of the correspondence is a miscellaneous collection of letters written by Douglas MacArthur, Jean MacArthur, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Harry S. Truman, and others.","The Douglas MacArthur collection also contains a notebook kept by Kenneth A. Sutherland, veteran of the 42nd Division, which contains a selection of items related to the Division's post-war activities and reunions; 40 aerial photographs and negatives taken by the 91st Reconnaissance Squadron, October 10, 1918; several photographs of Douglas MacArthur; thirteen published works by or about the General; and other miscellaneous materials.","The Douglas MacArthur collection is made up of military documents related to General Douglas MacArthur and the 42nd (Rainbow) Division during the first World War, and miscellaneous letters, documents, photographs, published works, and one diary illuminating various aspects of the General's public career and personal life.","William L. Clements Library , University of Michigan","United States. Army--Artillery.","United States. Army--Artillery--Drill and Tactics.","United States. Army--Communication Systems.","United States. Army--Drill and Tactics.","United States. Army--Equipment.","United States. Army--Field Service.","United States. Army--History.","United States. Army--Information Services.","United States. Army--Medals, Badges, Decorations, etc.","United States. Army--Organization.","United States. Army--Records and Correspondence.","United States. Army--Safety Measures.","United States. Army--Sanitary Affairs.","United States. Army. Infantry Division, 42nd.","Diedrich, D. N. (Duane Norman)","Brooks, Louise Cromwell.","Fish, Hamilton, 1849-1936.","Adams, Florence.","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969.","Granara, J. Ralph.","Hughes, William.","Hunt, Haroldson L.","Kean, Robert Winthrop.","Luhrs, H. Ernst.","MacArthur, Arthur, 1845-1912.","MacArthur, Douglas, 1880-1964.","MacArthur, Jean Faircloth.","Mark, Clark.","Menoher, Charles Thomas, 1862-1930 ","Rhodes, Weldon E.","Sutherland, Kenneth A.","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972.","The material is in  English"],"unitid_tesim":["wclmss001314"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Douglas MacArthur collection  1885-1983 1917-1919"],"collection_title_tesim":["Douglas MacArthur collection  1885-1983 1917-1919"],"collection_ssim":["Douglas MacArthur collection  1885-1983 1917-1919"],"repository_ssm":["University of Michigan. William L. Clements Library"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. William L. Clements Library"],"creator_ssm":["Diedrich, D. N. (Duane Norman)"],"creator_ssim":["Diedrich, D. N. (Duane Norman)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Diedrich, D. N. (Duane Norman)"],"creators_ssim":["Diedrich, D. N. (Duane Norman)"],"acqinfo_ssim":[" Donated by D. N. Diedrich, 1987-2013.   M-2370 et al ."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Aisne, Battle of the, France, 1918.","Argonne, Battle of the, 1918.","Chateau-Thierry, Battle of, 1918.","Chemical Warfare.","Chemical Warfare--Safety Measures.","Chemical Weapons.","Communications, Military.","Gases, Asphyxiating and Poisonous--War Use.","Marne, 2nd Battle of the, France, 1918.","Military Assistance, French.","Military Intelligence.","Military Reconnaissance.","Saint-Mihiel (France), Battle of, 1918.","Signals and Signaling.","United States. Army.","United States--History--1913-1921.","World War, 1914-1918.","World War, 1914-1918--Aerial Operations.","World War, 1914-1918--Campaigns-France.","Books.","Diaries.","Diaries.","Letters (correspondence)","Newspapers.","Orders (military records)","Photographs."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Aisne, Battle of the, France, 1918.","Argonne, Battle of the, 1918.","Chateau-Thierry, Battle of, 1918.","Chemical Warfare.","Chemical Warfare--Safety Measures.","Chemical Weapons.","Communications, Military.","Gases, Asphyxiating and Poisonous--War Use.","Marne, 2nd Battle of the, France, 1918.","Military Assistance, French.","Military Intelligence.","Military Reconnaissance.","Saint-Mihiel (France), Battle of, 1918.","Signals and Signaling.","United States. Army.","United States--History--1913-1921.","World War, 1914-1918.","World War, 1914-1918--Aerial Operations.","World War, 1914-1918--Campaigns-France.","Books.","Diaries.","Diaries.","Letters (correspondence)","Newspapers.","Orders (military records)","Photographs."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["885 items"],"extent_tesim":["885 items"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003clist\u003e\n            \u003chead\u003eThe Douglas MacArthur collection has been organized into four series.  Within these series, the papers are separated into distinct sub-series groups.\u003c/head\u003e\n            \u003citem\u003eSeries I: Correspondence and diaries\u003clist\u003e\n                  \u003citem\u003eSub-series I: Letters and diary to Florence Adams (Box 1)\u003c/item\u003e\n                  \u003citem\u003eSub-series II: Letters from Douglas MacArthur to Louise Cromwell (Brooks) MacArthur (Box 1)\u003c/item\u003e\n                  \u003citem\u003eSub-series III: Letters from Douglas MacArthur to Hamilton Fish, Jr. (Box 1)\u003c/item\u003e\n                  \u003citem\u003eSub-series IV: Miscellaneous letters and documents pertaining to Douglas MacArthur (Box 1)\u003c/item\u003e\n               \u003c/list\u003e\n            \u003c/item\u003e\n            \u003citem\u003eSeries II: Papers related to the 42nd (Rainbow) Division\u003clist\u003e\n                  \u003citem\u003eSub-series I: Military documents to the 42nd Division from external military units (Boxes 1-2)\u003c/item\u003e\n                  \u003citem\u003eSub-series II: Military documents from the 42nd Division to various military units (Boxes 2-4)\u003c/item\u003e\n                  \u003citem\u003eSub-series III: Internal military documents from and to various military units in the 42nd Division. (Box 5)\u003c/item\u003e\n                  \u003citem\u003eSub-series IV: Kenneth A. Sutherland Notebook. (Box 6)\u003c/item\u003e\n               \u003c/list\u003e\n            \u003c/item\u003e\n            \u003citem\u003eSeries III: Photographs and miscellaneous papers pertaining to Douglas MacArthur\u003clist\u003e\n                  \u003citem\u003eSub-series I: Aerial photographs and negatives, 91st Reconnaissance Squadron. (Box 7)\u003c/item\u003e\n                  \u003citem\u003eSub-series II: Miscellaneous photographs and papers. (Box 8)\u003c/item\u003e\n               \u003c/list\u003e\n            \u003c/item\u003e\n            \u003citem\u003eSeries IV:  Published works.\u003c/item\u003e\n         \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Douglas MacArthur collection has been organized into four series.  Within these series, the papers are separated into distinct sub-series groups. Series I: Correspondence and diaries Sub-series I: Letters and diary to Florence Adams (Box 1) Sub-series II: Letters from Douglas MacArthur to Louise Cromwell (Brooks) MacArthur (Box 1) Sub-series III: Letters from Douglas MacArthur to Hamilton Fish, Jr. (Box 1) Sub-series IV: Miscellaneous letters and documents pertaining to Douglas MacArthur (Box 1) Series II: Papers related to the 42nd (Rainbow) Division Sub-series I: Military documents to the 42nd Division from external military units (Boxes 1-2) Sub-series II: Military documents from the 42nd Division to various military units (Boxes 2-4) Sub-series III: Internal military documents from and to various military units in the 42nd Division. (Box 5) Sub-series IV: Kenneth A. Sutherland Notebook. (Box 6) Series III: Photographs and miscellaneous papers pertaining to Douglas MacArthur Sub-series I: Aerial photographs and negatives, 91st Reconnaissance Squadron. (Box 7) Sub-series II: Miscellaneous photographs and papers. (Box 8) Series IV:  Published works."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003e\n               \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eDouglas MacArthur\u003c/emph\u003e\n            \u003c/emph\u003e\n         \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDouglas MacArthur was born on January 26, 1880, the youngest child of (Capt.) Arthur MacArthur (1845-1912) and Mary Pinkney Hardy (1852-1935). His siblings were Arthur (1876-1923), and Malcolm (1878-1883), who died before his seventh birthday. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDouglas MacArthur graduated from West Texas Military Academy in 1897 as valedictorian and two years later entered West Point.  In 1903 he graduated as First Captain, West Point's highest honor.  In September 1903, he joined the 3rd Battalion Engineers in San Francisco, and almost immediately was sent to Manila, Philippines. The next year he was promoted to First Lieutenant, and in 1906 returned to the United States.  After being made Captain of Engineers at Leavenworth in 1911, MacArthur was assigned to Vera Cruz to report information to the War Department.  While serving as military aide to the Secretary of War in 1916, he conceived the idea of expanding the existing National Guard through volunteer enlistment and turned into combat divisions - an idea that would be used for the formation of the 42nd Division. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1917, MacArthur was appointed Colonel and Chief of Staff of the 42nd (Rainbow) Division.  As Commander of the 84th Infantry Brigade, he led his troops during the vitally important Argonne Campaign in the last months of the war.  In 1919, the 42nd Division returned to the United States, and MacArthur accepted an appointment as Superintendent of West Point.  While there, he became permanent Brigadier General.  MacArthur married Louise Cromwell Brooks in 1922, the year he was posted to command the Philippine Division, but they divorced seven years later. In November 1929, MacArthur was promoted to General and chosen as the man to replace General Summerall as the Chief of Staff, U.S. Army.  In 1937, MacArthur married a second time - to Jean Marie Faircloth, and they had a son, Arthur, a year later. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn December 1941, the Japanese Army attacked and defeated MacArthur's Philippine Army on the Bataan Peninsula.  The following March, MacArthur was ordered from the Philippines to command the Allied troops with Thomas Blamey.  For six months, MacArthur concentrated on the defense of New Guinea, which led to an ambitious counter-attack in January and February 1943.  On the day the Japanese surrendered, MacArthur was appointed Supreme Commander of Allied Powers. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMacArthur remained in occupied Japan until 1950, orchestrating the reformation of the post-war country.  On the 29th of June, 1950, MacArthur went to South Korea with American forces to assess the situation after North Korea's invasion of South Korea.  This assessment led to Truman's commitment of U.S. troops to a ground war in Korea.  The North Koreans abandoned Seoul on September 28, 1950, after MacArthur's successful military plan to attack through Inchon.  As a result of the success of this campaign, China decided to enter the Korean War.  MacArthur was ordered by the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Secretary of Defense, in conjunction with a U.N. resolution, to proceed north of the 38th parallel.  Chinese troops attacked, leading to the withdrawal of MacArthur's troops back south of the 38th.  By this time, MacArthur had disobeyed the military order to employ only Korean forces in the frontier provinces.  On the 24th of March, MacArthur issued a lengthy communiqué complaining about the restrictions on his forces and taunted the enemy for their lack of industrial power and inability to maintain even moderate air and naval power. This pronouncement and his previous insubordination caused President Truman to relieve MacArthur of his command. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn April 1951, General Douglas MacArthur returned to San Francisco to thousands of cheering citizens.  On April 19 he presented his case regarding his relief of command to a joint session of congress.  During his remaining years, MacArthur traveled throughout the United States to make speeches, in which he often denounced communists and socialists, and spoke of corrupt administration and heavy taxation. At the age of 84, on April 5, 1964, Douglas MacArthur died in a hospital in Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003e\n               \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eThe 42nd (Rainbow) Division\u003c/emph\u003e\n            \u003c/emph\u003e\n         \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Rainbow Division was created in 1917 as a composite division of members of the Regular Army and the National Guard solely for use in the war in Europe.  The 42nd arrived in Europe in 1917 as the war was entering a new phase: Russia had dropped out of the war, America was joining the war, and Germany was racing to provide tremendous reinforcement before the American forces arrived. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn February 1918 the 42nd Division, part of the First U.S. Army Corps, was ordered to the Luneville area for a month of training with French units from the 7th French Army Corps.  While there, the Rainbow Division distinguished itself as \"a first class combat Division.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first assignment for the 42nd was to relieve the 128th French Infantry Division from the Baccarat Sector.  In the war, this was the first time an American Division held a Sector on its own.  The Division successfully held the Baccarat Sector until relief orders were sent on June 16, 1918.  Two weeks later, the 42nd Division went to the front at the Battle of Champagne alongside the 21st French Army Corps.  After an attack by the Germans on the fifteenth of July, the 42nd assisted in the Champagne defense until the end of the battle (July 18).  The Sixth French Army Corps was given the Rainbow Division to pursue the supposedly retreating enemy at the Battle of the Ourcq from July 25-July 27, 1918. From July 28-August 1st, the Allies captured strongpoints of the German position.  August 2-August 3rd, the 42nd Division assisted in pursuing the enemy until relieved by the 4th Regular Division. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter the Battle of the Ourcq, Douglas MacArthur was given command of the 84th Infantry Brigade (William Hughes, Jr., replaced him as Chief of Staff, 42nd Division).  In September, the Rainbow Division, then under the 4th American Army Corps, was ordered to attack the center of the south side of the San Mihiel Salient and was assigned to the defense of the Essey-Pannes Sector until September 30, when it was relieved by the 89th Division. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn October 11-12, 1918, the Rainbow Division relieved the 1st Division on the Verdun front.  In order to break the 2nd German line of defense, the hill called The Cote de Chatillon had to be taken.  From October 13-16, Brigadier General Douglas MacArthur commanded the 84th Infantry Division to the successful capture of Hill 288 (a strongly fortified point on the Kreimhilde Stellung), the Tuilerie Ferme, and the Cote de Chatillon (beyond the enemy's strong line of resistance). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe next attack took place November 1, 1918.  The 42nd Division provided machine gun fire for the advancement of the 2nd and 89th Divisions.  After this victory, and as a result of divisional rivalry (and a difference in opinion as to the exact nature of a memorandum), the 42nd and the 1st Divisions (of the First American Army Corps and the 5th American Army Corps respectively) 'raced' for the glory of partaking in the (potential) final engagement of the war, in Sedan.  On November 6-7, the Rainbow, the 4th French Army, and the 1st and 77th American Divisions, fought south of the Meuse (south of Sedan).  The fighting ended when the enemy requested an armistice on November 9, 1918.  The 42nd Division backed off and was able to claim that the Americans who got closest to Sedan were members of the 166th Infantry of the 83rd Infantry Brigade.  The armistice was signed two days later. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 42nd Division remained in France and occupied Germany until May 1, 1919, when the last unit arrived home. Less than two weeks later, the last Brigade was demobilized. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biography"],"bioghist_tesim":["Douglas MacArthur","Douglas MacArthur was born on January 26, 1880, the youngest child of (Capt.) Arthur MacArthur (1845-1912) and Mary Pinkney Hardy (1852-1935). His siblings were Arthur (1876-1923), and Malcolm (1878-1883), who died before his seventh birthday. ","Douglas MacArthur graduated from West Texas Military Academy in 1897 as valedictorian and two years later entered West Point.  In 1903 he graduated as First Captain, West Point's highest honor.  In September 1903, he joined the 3rd Battalion Engineers in San Francisco, and almost immediately was sent to Manila, Philippines. The next year he was promoted to First Lieutenant, and in 1906 returned to the United States.  After being made Captain of Engineers at Leavenworth in 1911, MacArthur was assigned to Vera Cruz to report information to the War Department.  While serving as military aide to the Secretary of War in 1916, he conceived the idea of expanding the existing National Guard through volunteer enlistment and turned into combat divisions - an idea that would be used for the formation of the 42nd Division. ","In 1917, MacArthur was appointed Colonel and Chief of Staff of the 42nd (Rainbow) Division.  As Commander of the 84th Infantry Brigade, he led his troops during the vitally important Argonne Campaign in the last months of the war.  In 1919, the 42nd Division returned to the United States, and MacArthur accepted an appointment as Superintendent of West Point.  While there, he became permanent Brigadier General.  MacArthur married Louise Cromwell Brooks in 1922, the year he was posted to command the Philippine Division, but they divorced seven years later. In November 1929, MacArthur was promoted to General and chosen as the man to replace General Summerall as the Chief of Staff, U.S. Army.  In 1937, MacArthur married a second time - to Jean Marie Faircloth, and they had a son, Arthur, a year later. ","In December 1941, the Japanese Army attacked and defeated MacArthur's Philippine Army on the Bataan Peninsula.  The following March, MacArthur was ordered from the Philippines to command the Allied troops with Thomas Blamey.  For six months, MacArthur concentrated on the defense of New Guinea, which led to an ambitious counter-attack in January and February 1943.  On the day the Japanese surrendered, MacArthur was appointed Supreme Commander of Allied Powers. ","MacArthur remained in occupied Japan until 1950, orchestrating the reformation of the post-war country.  On the 29th of June, 1950, MacArthur went to South Korea with American forces to assess the situation after North Korea's invasion of South Korea.  This assessment led to Truman's commitment of U.S. troops to a ground war in Korea.  The North Koreans abandoned Seoul on September 28, 1950, after MacArthur's successful military plan to attack through Inchon.  As a result of the success of this campaign, China decided to enter the Korean War.  MacArthur was ordered by the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Secretary of Defense, in conjunction with a U.N. resolution, to proceed north of the 38th parallel.  Chinese troops attacked, leading to the withdrawal of MacArthur's troops back south of the 38th.  By this time, MacArthur had disobeyed the military order to employ only Korean forces in the frontier provinces.  On the 24th of March, MacArthur issued a lengthy communiqué complaining about the restrictions on his forces and taunted the enemy for their lack of industrial power and inability to maintain even moderate air and naval power. This pronouncement and his previous insubordination caused President Truman to relieve MacArthur of his command. ","In April 1951, General Douglas MacArthur returned to San Francisco to thousands of cheering citizens.  On April 19 he presented his case regarding his relief of command to a joint session of congress.  During his remaining years, MacArthur traveled throughout the United States to make speeches, in which he often denounced communists and socialists, and spoke of corrupt administration and heavy taxation. At the age of 84, on April 5, 1964, Douglas MacArthur died in a hospital in Washington.","The 42nd (Rainbow) Division","The Rainbow Division was created in 1917 as a composite division of members of the Regular Army and the National Guard solely for use in the war in Europe.  The 42nd arrived in Europe in 1917 as the war was entering a new phase: Russia had dropped out of the war, America was joining the war, and Germany was racing to provide tremendous reinforcement before the American forces arrived. ","In February 1918 the 42nd Division, part of the First U.S. Army Corps, was ordered to the Luneville area for a month of training with French units from the 7th French Army Corps.  While there, the Rainbow Division distinguished itself as \"a first class combat Division.\" ","The first assignment for the 42nd was to relieve the 128th French Infantry Division from the Baccarat Sector.  In the war, this was the first time an American Division held a Sector on its own.  The Division successfully held the Baccarat Sector until relief orders were sent on June 16, 1918.  Two weeks later, the 42nd Division went to the front at the Battle of Champagne alongside the 21st French Army Corps.  After an attack by the Germans on the fifteenth of July, the 42nd assisted in the Champagne defense until the end of the battle (July 18).  The Sixth French Army Corps was given the Rainbow Division to pursue the supposedly retreating enemy at the Battle of the Ourcq from July 25-July 27, 1918. From July 28-August 1st, the Allies captured strongpoints of the German position.  August 2-August 3rd, the 42nd Division assisted in pursuing the enemy until relieved by the 4th Regular Division. ","After the Battle of the Ourcq, Douglas MacArthur was given command of the 84th Infantry Brigade (William Hughes, Jr., replaced him as Chief of Staff, 42nd Division).  In September, the Rainbow Division, then under the 4th American Army Corps, was ordered to attack the center of the south side of the San Mihiel Salient and was assigned to the defense of the Essey-Pannes Sector until September 30, when it was relieved by the 89th Division. ","On October 11-12, 1918, the Rainbow Division relieved the 1st Division on the Verdun front.  In order to break the 2nd German line of defense, the hill called The Cote de Chatillon had to be taken.  From October 13-16, Brigadier General Douglas MacArthur commanded the 84th Infantry Division to the successful capture of Hill 288 (a strongly fortified point on the Kreimhilde Stellung), the Tuilerie Ferme, and the Cote de Chatillon (beyond the enemy's strong line of resistance). ","The next attack took place November 1, 1918.  The 42nd Division provided machine gun fire for the advancement of the 2nd and 89th Divisions.  After this victory, and as a result of divisional rivalry (and a difference in opinion as to the exact nature of a memorandum), the 42nd and the 1st Divisions (of the First American Army Corps and the 5th American Army Corps respectively) 'raced' for the glory of partaking in the (potential) final engagement of the war, in Sedan.  On November 6-7, the Rainbow, the 4th French Army, and the 1st and 77th American Divisions, fought south of the Meuse (south of Sedan).  The fighting ended when the enemy requested an armistice on November 9, 1918.  The 42nd Division backed off and was able to claim that the Americans who got closest to Sedan were members of the 166th Infantry of the 83rd Infantry Brigade.  The armistice was signed two days later. ","The 42nd Division remained in France and occupied Germany until May 1, 1919, when the last unit arrived home. Less than two weeks later, the last Brigade was demobilized. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe MacArthur collection contains 885 letters, documents, photographs, and published works dating from March 23, 1885, to July 5, 1983. The bulk of the material (710 items) consists of military documents and manuscript notes from September 8, 1917 to January 27, 1919.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe military materials include general orders, field orders, field messages, memoranda, intelligence, and communications, related to the U.S. 42nd Division (The Rainbow Division), A.E.F., founded in 1917.  The majority of the collection falls during the period of time from late 1917 to early August 1918, when Douglas MacArthur was Chief of Staff for the 42nd Division.  Documents from military units that fought alongside the 42nd Division (both French and American), the U.S. Chemical Warfare, and the Intelligence Divisions -- as well as various German, French, and American communications -- are included.  Organizational documents, such as training schedules, and march tables, are also present.  A considerable number, if not all, of these materials must have been approved or viewed by MacArthur, and many of the items in this collection bear his initials or the initials of his information assistant, William Hughes, Jr.  From early August 1918 until the armistice was signed on November 11, 1918, MacArthur acted as the commanding officer for the 84th Infantry Brigade, and several military orders bear his name. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeventy-six letters in the collection (located in Box 1) are either from Douglas MacArthur or pertain in some way to him.  Six of these items, dated 1904, pertain to MacArthur and Florence Adams, whom he met in the Philippines, including a 46-page diary MacArthur wrote to Adams while he was on board a ship from Manila to the United States.  Five letters, dated 1921 and 1925, are written by MacArthur to Louise Brooks who became Mrs. Douglas MacArthur in 1922.  These letters contain both romantic content as well as personal reflections on the events in MacArthur's life at the time.  Also included are nine letters from MacArthur to Hamilton Fish, Jr., dated 1921-1934.  The remainder of the correspondence is a miscellaneous collection of letters written by Douglas MacArthur, Jean MacArthur, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Harry S. Truman, and others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Douglas MacArthur collection also contains a notebook kept by Kenneth A. Sutherland, veteran of the 42nd Division, which contains a selection of items related to the Division's post-war activities and reunions; 40 aerial photographs and negatives taken by the 91st Reconnaissance Squadron, October 10, 1918; several photographs of Douglas MacArthur; thirteen published works by or about the General; and other miscellaneous materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The MacArthur collection contains 885 letters, documents, photographs, and published works dating from March 23, 1885, to July 5, 1983. The bulk of the material (710 items) consists of military documents and manuscript notes from September 8, 1917 to January 27, 1919.  ","The military materials include general orders, field orders, field messages, memoranda, intelligence, and communications, related to the U.S. 42nd Division (The Rainbow Division), A.E.F., founded in 1917.  The majority of the collection falls during the period of time from late 1917 to early August 1918, when Douglas MacArthur was Chief of Staff for the 42nd Division.  Documents from military units that fought alongside the 42nd Division (both French and American), the U.S. Chemical Warfare, and the Intelligence Divisions -- as well as various German, French, and American communications -- are included.  Organizational documents, such as training schedules, and march tables, are also present.  A considerable number, if not all, of these materials must have been approved or viewed by MacArthur, and many of the items in this collection bear his initials or the initials of his information assistant, William Hughes, Jr.  From early August 1918 until the armistice was signed on November 11, 1918, MacArthur acted as the commanding officer for the 84th Infantry Brigade, and several military orders bear his name. ","Seventy-six letters in the collection (located in Box 1) are either from Douglas MacArthur or pertain in some way to him.  Six of these items, dated 1904, pertain to MacArthur and Florence Adams, whom he met in the Philippines, including a 46-page diary MacArthur wrote to Adams while he was on board a ship from Manila to the United States.  Five letters, dated 1921 and 1925, are written by MacArthur to Louise Brooks who became Mrs. Douglas MacArthur in 1922.  These letters contain both romantic content as well as personal reflections on the events in MacArthur's life at the time.  Also included are nine letters from MacArthur to Hamilton Fish, Jr., dated 1921-1934.  The remainder of the correspondence is a miscellaneous collection of letters written by Douglas MacArthur, Jean MacArthur, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Harry S. Truman, and others.","The Douglas MacArthur collection also contains a notebook kept by Kenneth A. Sutherland, veteran of the 42nd Division, which contains a selection of items related to the Division's post-war activities and reunions; 40 aerial photographs and negatives taken by the 91st Reconnaissance Squadron, October 10, 1918; several photographs of Douglas MacArthur; thirteen published works by or about the General; and other miscellaneous materials."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract\u003eThe Douglas MacArthur collection is made up of military documents related to General Douglas MacArthur and the 42nd (Rainbow) Division during the first World War, and miscellaneous letters, documents, photographs, published works, and one diary illuminating various aspects of the General's public career and personal life.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Douglas MacArthur collection is made up of military documents related to General Douglas MacArthur and the 42nd (Rainbow) Division during the first World War, and miscellaneous letters, documents, photographs, published works, and one diary illuminating various aspects of the General's public career and personal life."],"names_ssim":["William L. Clements Library , University of Michigan","United States. Army--Artillery.","United States. Army--Artillery--Drill and Tactics.","United States. Army--Communication Systems.","United States. Army--Drill and Tactics.","United States. Army--Equipment.","United States. Army--Field Service.","United States. Army--History.","United States. Army--Information Services.","United States. Army--Medals, Badges, Decorations, etc.","United States. Army--Organization.","United States. Army--Records and Correspondence.","United States. Army--Safety Measures.","United States. Army--Sanitary Affairs.","United States. Army. Infantry Division, 42nd.","Diedrich, D. N. (Duane Norman)","Brooks, Louise Cromwell.","Fish, Hamilton, 1849-1936.","Adams, Florence.","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969.","Granara, J. Ralph.","Hughes, William.","Hunt, Haroldson L.","Kean, Robert Winthrop.","Luhrs, H. Ernst.","MacArthur, Arthur, 1845-1912.","MacArthur, Douglas, 1880-1964.","MacArthur, Jean Faircloth.","Mark, Clark.","Menoher, Charles Thomas, 1862-1930 ","Rhodes, Weldon E.","Sutherland, Kenneth A.","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972."],"corpname_ssim":["William L. Clements Library , University of Michigan","United States. Army--Artillery.","United States. Army--Artillery--Drill and Tactics.","United States. Army--Communication Systems.","United States. Army--Drill and Tactics.","United States. Army--Equipment.","United States. Army--Field Service.","United States. Army--History.","United States. Army--Information Services.","United States. Army--Medals, Badges, Decorations, etc.","United States. Army--Organization.","United States. Army--Records and Correspondence.","United States. Army--Safety Measures.","United States. Army--Sanitary Affairs.","United States. Army. Infantry Division, 42nd."],"persname_ssim":["Diedrich, D. N. (Duane Norman)","Brooks, Louise Cromwell.","Fish, Hamilton, 1849-1936.","Adams, Florence.","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969.","Granara, J. Ralph.","Hughes, William.","Hunt, Haroldson L.","Kean, Robert Winthrop.","Luhrs, H. Ernst.","MacArthur, Arthur, 1845-1912.","MacArthur, Douglas, 1880-1964.","MacArthur, Jean Faircloth.","Mark, Clark.","Menoher, Charles Thomas, 1862-1930 ","Rhodes, Weldon E.","Sutherland, Kenneth A.","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972."],"language_ssim":["The material is in  English"],"descrules_ssm":["Finding aid prepared using Describing Archives: A Content Standard (DACS)"],"total_component_count_is":154,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"umich-wcl-M-2370mac","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:25:17.168Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-wcl-M-2370mac_al_02c38466be310801b97ef8ca1636e0f977ff261e"}},{"id":"ohrc072_d1e18800","type":"Interview","attributes":{"title":"Pebworth, Robert September 25, 1991","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/ohrc072_d1e18800#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eRobert Pebworth attended Indiana University Bloomington from 1927-1932, serving as editor of the Daily Student newspaper. He discusses the atmosphere during this time and his involvement with the university band and its development as the Marching Hundred, Also, he discusses his tenure as President of the Alumni Association in 1957.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/ohrc072_d1e18800#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"d1e18800","ref_ssm":["d1e18800","d1e18800"],"id":"ohrc072_d1e18800","title_filing_ssi":"Pebworth, Robert September 25, 1991","title_ssm":["Pebworth, Robert September 25, 1991"],"title_tesim":["Pebworth, Robert September 25, 1991"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Pebworth, Robert September 25, 1991"],"text":["Pebworth, Robert September 25, 1991","Indiana University Oral History\n            Archive, 1991-1998","91-078","16 pp.; 2 tapes, 1 7/8 ips, 75 minutes; index","journalism","kinsey research","marching band","student attitudes","alumni secretary","editor","Open","Robert Pebworth attended Indiana University Bloomington from 1927-1932, serving as editor of the Daily Student newspaper. He discusses the atmosphere during this time and his involvement with the university band and its development as the Marching Hundred, Also, he discusses his tenure as President of the Alumni Association  in 1957."],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ssim":["ohrc072"],"parent_ssi":"ohrc072","parent_ids_ssim":["ohrc072"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Indiana University Oral History\n            Archive, 1991-1998"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Indiana University Oral History\n            Archive, 1991-1998"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"unitid_ssm":["91-078"],"repository_ssim":["Indiana University, Center for Documentary Research and Practice"],"collection_ssim":["Indiana University Oral History\n            Archive, 1991-1998"],"physdesc_tesim":["16 pp.; 2 tapes, 1 7/8 ips, 75 minutes; index"],"creator_ssim":["Freedman, Jean"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Interview"],"level_ssim":["Interview"],"sort_isi":141,"corpname_ssim":["Alumni Association","Bloomington World","Indiana Daily Student","Marching Hundred","Union Board"],"persname_ssim":["Freedman, Jean","Bryan, William","Carmichael, Hoagy","Cravens, John","Kinsey, Alfred","Pyle, Ernie"],"access_subjects_ssim":["journalism","kinsey research","marching band","student attitudes","alumni secretary","editor"],"access_subjects_ssm":["journalism","kinsey research","marching band","student attitudes","alumni secretary","editor"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Status"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert Pebworth attended Indiana University Bloomington from 1927-1932, serving as editor of the Daily Student newspaper. He discusses the atmosphere during this time and his involvement with the university band and its development as the Marching Hundred, Also, he discusses his tenure as President of the Alumni Association  in 1957.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Robert Pebworth attended Indiana University Bloomington from 1927-1932, serving as editor of the Daily Student newspaper. He discusses the atmosphere during this time and his involvement with the university band and its development as the Marching Hundred, Also, he discusses his tenure as President of the Alumni Association  in 1957."],"_nest_path_":"/components#140","_nest_parent_":"ohrc072","_root_":"ohrc072","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:03:26.449Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"ohrc072","title_ssm":["Indiana University Oral History\n            Archive"],"title_tesim":["Indiana University Oral History\n            Archive"],"ead_ssi":"ohrc072","unitdate_ssm":["1991-1998"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1991-1998"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["ohrc072"],"text":["ohrc072","Indiana University Oral History\n            Archive, 1991-1998",". .","This collection contains 194 interviews conducted over 7 years. All interviews consist\n            of audio tapes and typed transcripts, as well as collateral materials. ","This project is a compilation of interviews\n            of subjects with strong ties to and memories of Indiana University, primarily at the\n            Bloomington campus, including former students, faculty, and staff, among others. The\n            information spans most of the twentieth century and deals with the administrations under\n            presidents Herman B Wells, John Ryan, Thomas Ehrlich, and Myles Brand. The project\n            occurred in two parts. The first round of interviews was with administrators, trustees,\n            and other high-ranking members of the university hierarchy. The second round of\n            interviews was with senior faculty from a number of departments in the College of Arts\n            and Sciences. The project is a survey of Indiana University's history as a whole\n            including information about various academic departments, athletics, student\n            organizations, campus growth, and the university's growth in the twentieth century. This\n            project was funded by President Emeritus John Ryan.","Interviews are housed in Radio-TV Building, Room 314.\n            Copies of interview transcripts are also held by the IU Libraries University Archives.\n            Contact archives@indiana.edu for more information. For other locations housing the\n            interviews from this project, please contact the Center for Documentary Research and\n            Practice office.","Indiana University Center for Documentary Research and Practice","Indiana University Center for the Study of\n               History and Memory","Bloomington National Bank","Indiana University Inter-fraternity Council","Indiana University Office of Risk Management","Indiana University School of Law","United States Student Association","Arthur R. Metz Foundation","Indiana University Department of Chemistry","Little 500","Proctor and Gamble","Purdue University","student foundation","Houghton College","National Association of Schools of Music","New York University","North Texas State University","South Central College","Westminster Choir College","Yale University","","Army ROTC","Athletic Department","School of Health, Physical Education, and Recreation","Indiana University Foundation Board","board of trustees","Lilly Endowment","Phi Kappa Psi","Alumni Association","Indiana Department of Public Welfare","Indiana State Chamber of Commerce","Indiana Vocational Technical College","alumni club","Bloomington School of Law","Investment Committee","Standard Life Insurance Company","IUPUI","United States Air Force","Chicago-Kent Law School","FBI","IUPUI School of Law","IUPUI University Library","United States Department of Justice","Indiana University Alumni Association","Indiana University School of Medicine","Green Feathers","Indiana University School of Business","Red Cross","Indiana University Kokomo","Indiana University","Center for Studies of Law in Action","Indiana State Police","Indiana State Police Academy","Indiana University Department of Criminal Justice","Indiana University Department of Police Administration","Northwestern University","Indiana Conference of Higher Education","Indiana University Credit Union","Indiana University Division of Undergraduate Development","Stillman College","Neal Marshall Cultural Center","Omega Psi Chi","American Legion","Indiana University Business Office","Treasurer's Office","Indiana University Lilly Library","United States Navy","Hoosiers for Higher Education","University Apartments","Fair Play for Cuba Committee","Indiana University Foundation","International Business Forum","University of Indianapolis","faculty council","Indiana University Department of Comparative Literature","Indiana University South Bend","Indiana University Collins Living-Learning Center"," Indiana University Department of English","Kinsey Institute for Research in Sex, Gender, and\n                     Reproduction","Indiana University Southeast","Indiana University School of Medicine ","Sigma Chi","American Chemical Society ","Central High School ","Cornell University","Indiana Daily Student","Indiana University School of Dentistry","Johns Hopkins University","National Science Foundation","Indiana University Athletic Committee","Indiana University Men's Club","National Collegiate Athletic Association","Architectural Committee","Union Board","Board of Aeons","Inland Container Corporation","Krannert Charitable Trust","Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy,\n                     Incorporated","Goethe Link Observatory","Harvard Observatory","Indiana University Department of Astronomy","Indiana University Kirkwood Observatory","Lawrence Fellowship","Lowell Observatory","Seymour High School","Brookings Institute","Harvard University","Legal Services Corporation","Stanford University","Board of Trustees","Indiana University Northwest","Indiana University Department of Philosophy","Indiana University School of Music","American Life Convention","Harvard Law School","John Hancock Company","Ku Klux Klan","American Council on Education","Transylvania University","Army Air Corps","Concordia University-St. Paul","ERIC","Reader's Digest","School of Public and Environmental Affairs","University of Minnesota","Bowling Green University","Indiana State Music Association","Notre Dame","Yale","Indiana University student union board","Phi Gamma Delta"," Indiana University Student Association","Center on Philanthropy","Middle Way House","MTV","Women's Wheels","American Broadcasting Company","Hofstra University","Juilliard Conservatory","New School for Social Research","Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra","Sigma Alpha Epsilon","London University","Sheffield University","University of Maryland","University of California at Santa Barbara","Indiana University Kokomo School of Business","University of Michigan","Carnegie Mellon University","Ohio State University ","Phi Betta Kappa","University of Pittsburgh","Western College for Women","Indiana State University","Indiana University-Purdue University Fort Wayne","General Electric Company","Lazarus Department Store","Studebaker Corporation","Beta Gamma Sigma","dean's advisory committee","Phi Beta Kappa","Hoosier 100","Black Student Union","Common Cause","Indiana University Student Association","Alpha Chi Omega","Woodburn Guild","General Motors Corporation","Neal Marshall Black Culture Center","New York Jets","Earlham College","Indiana University East","Iowa State University","Lockheed Corporation","MIT","IUPUI School of Law ","Columbia University School of Law","Air Force ROTC","Ivy Tech State College","Yale Law School","Enhancing Minority Attainment Conference","Lehman College","National Endowment for the Humanities","Indiana University Medical Center","Armstrong Cork Company","Indiana University School of Business ","Thatcher Glass Company","United Way of America","Columbia University","Kabul University","Neal Marshall Cultural Center ","Beta Theta Pi","Detroit Lions","I-Men's Association","Johnson Creamery","Indiana University Bloomington","Indiana University Hospital","Riley Hospital","Beekman and Bogue","Cotton and Franklin ","Interborough Rapid Transit Company ","Indiana University Department of Computer Science","Mini University","Purdue University ","Ford Motor Company","University of Evansville","College of William and Mary","Vassar College","Indiana University Fort Wayne","Purdue Universit","Indiana University Audio Visual Department","Indiana University Department of the Extension Division","Gay Straight Alliance","Indiana University Faculty Council","Sigma Nu","Indiana University Association of Women Students","Jordan River Review","Black Film Center/Archive","Case Western Reserve University","NAACP","Department of Radio and Television","Department of Telecommunications","WTIU","Indiana General Assembly","Indiana University Black Student Union","Indiana University Department of Geology","UCLA","Michigan State University","Fellowship of Christian Athletes","Progressive Reform Party","Students for a Democratic Society","Supreme Court","United States Army","Officers Candidate School","Department of History","Kappa Alpha Psi","Indiana University Human Genome Diversity Project","California Institute of Technology","Indiana University Department of Speech","Indiana University Department of Theater","St. Cloud University","University of Pennsylvania","Barter Theater","Booth Theater","Brown County Playhouse","Department of Theatre","Indiana University of Pennsylvania","Maurer School of Law","Indiana Univeristy Foundation","ROTC","Upjohn Company","Creighton College","Psi Iota Xi","Simpson College","University of Iowa","Sphinx Club","Indiana University Student Athletic Board","Indiana University Law School","Varsity Club","Center for Strategic and International Studies","Republican Party","Bloomington Community Foundation"," board of trustees","Bristol-Myers","Mead Johnson and Company","National Association of College and University Business\n                     Officers","Wayne State University","Little United Nations Assembly","City University of New York","Foster Quad Black Student Association","Echo Press","Guggenheim Foundation","National Endowment for the Arts","University of Colorado, Boulder","University of Nebraska","McKinney School of Law","West Georgia College","Peace Corps","Bloomington World","Marching Hundred","Dow Chemical Company","Kinsey Institute","University of Buffalo","University of Chicago","Computing Center","Department of Computer Science","Hewlett-Packard","Texas Instruments","University Computing Services","Xerox Corporation","Indiana Commission on Higher Education","University of Detroit","Indiana University Department of German","Indiana University Institute for Advanced Study","Sigma Alpha Nu","Blue Key","Claude Rich Scholarship","Monroe County Youth Shelter","Acacia","Lindley Hall","University of Ghana","athletic committee","Bob Knight Endowment","Friends of Music","Indiana University School of Journalism","City Securities Corporation","Indiana University Student Foundation","Merrill Lynch and Company, Incorporated","School of Business","University of California, Berkeley","Army Airways Communication System","Indiana University Department of Speech Communication","Barnes and Thornburg","Barnes, Hickam, Pantzer and Boyd","Big House Coalition","Independent Party","Indiana University All-Campus Party","Indiana University Board of Aeons","Organized Party","Oxford University","Westmont College","Indiana University Groups Student Support Services ","American Studies Program","Concordia Seminary","Indiana University Department of Religious Studies","Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod","New York University School of Law","Association of Governing Boards of Universities and Colleges","Ball Corporation","Ball State University","School of Education Alumni Association","Baldwin-Wallace College","Detroit Institute of Technology","Sienna Heights College","Washburn University","AT\u0026T","Eli Lilly and Company","Indiana Bell","Twelfth Man Club","Association of Women Students","Bloomington Hospital","Mid-West Business Administration Association","Human Relations Committee","Illinois State Department of Education","VISTA","Bloomingfoods","Bowes Tailoring","Clerical Workers’ Union","Communications Workers of America","Department of Chemistry","Department of German","School of Music","Shimer College","Sunflower Bakery","University of Wisconsin Madison","Whole Earth Co-Op","Boy Scouts of America","National Guard","Alpha Tau Omega"," Indiana University Department of Management","University of Michiga","Wayne State","Grace Commission","Lambda Chi Alpha","Shortridge High School","Women's Air 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Herbert","Edlin, George","Gambill, Chris","Gros Louis, Kenneth R.R.","Gross, Robert","Jordan, Dean","Gray, Don","Gucker, Frank G.","Hudson, Herman","Ross, Jimmy","Deiss, Charles Frederick","Fisher, L.L.","Franklin, Joe","Buley, Roscoe Carlyle","Lynch, William Orlando","Akins, Claude","Church, Harold","Franzen, Carl","Rinnick, Red","Anderssohn, John","Briscoe, Herman","Cavanugh, Dean","Kohlmeier, Alfred","Ryan, John","Stahr, Elvis","Sutton, Joe","Wells, Herman","Wilkie, Wendell","","Brenneman, Bill","Parker, Keith","Sonneborn, Tracy","Weimar, Arthur M.","Work, Jim","Kennedy, John Fitzgerald","King, Martin Luther, Jr.","Danzig, Steve","Chaitin, Gil","Flannigan, Clifford","Frenz, Horst","Mitchell, Briand","Solt, Mary Ellen","Weisstein, Ulrich","Bryan, Charlotte Lowe","Collins, Ralph","Hershey, Amos S.","Kabisch, Ernest Bernard","Morrison, Sarah Parke","Visher, Stephen Sargent","Braden, Sam","Pinnell, George","McCaig, Dick","Harmon, Paul","Ritchey, James O.","Kinsey, Clara M.","Lyons, Robert","Mathers, Frank Curry","McCollum, E.V.","Payne, Fernandus","Shriner, Ralph","Cookson, Thomas A.","Cathcart, Jimmy","Edwards, Edward D.","Harper, Fowler V.","Nelson, Alice","Aller, Lawrence","Cogshall, Wilbur A.","Cuffey, Jim","Russell, Henry Norris","Shapley, Harlow","Townsend, Prescott","Wells, Agnes E.","Williams, Kenneth P.","Ball, George A.","Chayes, Abram","Hand, Learned","Bell, Joshua","Bernstein, Leonard","Cohen, Jere Michael","Eissler, David","Jung, Christian","Kemp, Gretchen ","Powell, Bill","Shoemaker, Raymond L.","Oberholtz, Madge","Remy, William H.","Stephenson, David Curtis","Brown, Sylvia","Orescanin, Dan","Confucius","Wright, Wendell W. \"Whack\"","Sheehan, Steven","Bemis, Samuel Flagg","Benns, Lee","Bryan, William Lowe ","Buley, Roscoe Carlyle ","Byrd, Cecil","Byrnes, Robert F. ","Castle, William R., Jr. ","Curtis, Lewis","Dulles, Foster Rhea ","Friedman, Larry","Grant, James ","Grossberg, Michael","Gucker, Frank Thomson ","Jameson, J. Franklin","Kaplan, Larry","Kohlmeier, Albert Ludwig","Kunz, Diane","Lowengrub, Mort","O’Neil, Bob","Stark, Lloyd","Truman, President Harry","Wells, Herman B.","Winther, Oscar Osburn","Bain, Wilfred C.","Carmichael, Hoagy","McMillin, Alvin N. \"Bo\"","Rich, Claude T.","Willis, Hugh","Baker, David","Elliot, Peggy","Hershey, Marjorie","Moody, Michael","Stein, Stephen","Wiggins, William","Wise, Larry","Heineman, Charles","Kessler, James B.","Lofton, Guy","Bain, Wilfred","Bennett, Robert Russell","Ellington, Duke","Horney, Karen","Carter, Gwendolyn","Carter, James Earl, Jr.","Fonda, Jane","Mayberry, Phil","Barber, Cesar","Calinescu, Matei","Gottesman, Ronald","Naremore, James","Rabkin, Gerald","Weisstein, Ulrcih","Work, James","Berkvam, Michael","Billant, Antoinette","Carr, Diana","Hope, Quentin","Michael, Keith","Pfohl, Russell","Will, Samuel","Carmony, Donald","Benns, Frank Lee","Daugherty, Rosemary","Lundin, C. Leonard","Perguson, Dee","Mee, John","Cady, Ed","Bayh, Evan","Helmke, Paul","Udall, Stewart Lee","Bair, Ed","Bonham, Russ","Davidson, Ernie","Hanson, Bob","Parmenter, Charlie","Schafer, Riley","Shull, Harrison","Weurkert, Ernest","Hefner, Ray","Welsh, Matthew E.","Clinton, Hillary Rodham","Clinton, William Jefferson","Marsh, Elisabeth","Klotman, Phyllis","Lowengrub, Morton","Maultsby, Portia","Point, John","Torchinsky, Alberto ","Weidman, Leah E.","Mendel, Bernardo","Patterson, Robert P.","Sandberg, Carl","Sembower, Charles J.","Senour, Frank","Whiteman, Paul","O'Neil, Robert","Friedman, Dan","Prosser, Frank","Shapiro, Stu","Wand, Mitchell","Winkle, David","Franklin, Benjamin","Heighway, George \"Dixie\"","Homestead, Raleigh","Driver, Harold Edson","Merriam, Alan","Purdue, John","Bittner, Walter","Cavanaugh, Robert Emmet","Norman, Hugh","Ferrell, Robert H.","Hale, Will Taliaferro","Chavez, Linda","Dyson, Michael Eric","Bachelor, Joe","Hayes, Billy","Hoover, J. Edgar","Riley, James Whitcomb","Robinson, Sid","Breedan, Bill","Cabot, Nick","Douglas, Paul H.","Minton, Sherman","Roosevelt, Franklin Delano","Truman, Harry S.","Bowen, Otis R.","Christenson, Carroll","Eschbach, Jess","Gavit, Bernard Campbell","Kellogg, Winthrop Niles","Wallace, Leon","Wildermuth, Ora L.","Ferentinos","Counsilman, James \"Doc\"","Simic, Curt","Bidney, David","Kendall, Bonnie","Voegelin, Florence","Michael, R. Keith","Heppner, Hubert","Michael, Marion","Norvelle, Lee","Porterfield, Robert","Johnson, Wendell","Cortis, Eugene","Halkovich, Steve","Swygert, Luther","Bush, George, Sr.","Clinton, Bill","Dunn, Mike","Eisenberg, Paul","Carter, Byrum","Greenley, Betty","Remak, Henry H.H.","Kerr, Clark","Laird, Byron","Porter, John","Annon, Charles","Beckmann, Max","Black, Wendell","Bowie, Theodore","Lowe, Marvin","Megrew, Alden","Pozzatti, Dorothy","Shahn, Ben","Smith, Henry","Wolle, Muriel","Bowen, Otis","Kessler, Jim","Shirley, Janet","Bryan, William","Cravens, John","Kinsey, Alfred","Pyle, Ernie","Mueller, Joseph","Ottison, Skyler","Rau, John","Wenworth, Jack","Howe, Irving","Hagstrom, Stanley","Martin, Wayne","Purdom, Paul","Springer, George","Whitney, Dedaimia","Winkel, David","Wise, David","Wrubel, Marshall","Young, Steve","Bunke, Harvey C.","Evans, Maurice Blakemoore","Gallaway, Jesse James","Hitler, Adolf","Ittner, Robert","Osthus, Carl","Stout, Selatie Edgar","Voss, Bert John","Zucker, Edward","Heighway, George \"Dixie\" ","Brand, Myles","Lombardi, John","Nixon, Richard Milhous","Robinson, Eileen","Sippers, Mary","Crooks, Ed","Hesberg, Ted","Pointer, Nelson","Yeagley, Jerry","Peterson, John","Richardson, Ray","Burton, Bob","Harvey, Bill","Sperber, Murray","Daugherty, Jack","Errenpreis, Irvin","Wallace, George C.","Yelling, Sam","Allen, Robert E. Barton","Millisen, Robert","Snoddy, George Samuel","Atkins, Tom","Bingham, Barry","Blase, David","Donovan, Mike","Edmundson, Frank","Hanson, Norwood Russell","Huston, Tom","Kemp, Gretchen","Link, Goethe","Oswald, Lee Harvey","Owen, Kent","Polk, Jim","Scriven, Michael","Shaffer, Robert","Tesich, Steve","Ferrell, Bob","Gooker, Frank","Ahlstrom, Sydney","Brown, Joseph","Edwards, Jonathan","May, Bill","Sampley, Paul","Stein, Frederick Carl","Stein, Irene Kroggel","Gilliat, Neal","Hewett, Charles Mason","Tobias, David","Kinzer, Bill","Willbern, York","Brown, Stan","Williams, Ed","Coppage, Jim","Foster, Bronja","Holschuh, Albrecht","Johnson, Steve","Leivant, Daniel","Robertson, Ed","Shiner, Jack","Hutchins, Robert","Kuntz, Ed","Ratliff, Willie","Shepard, Randall","Bartley, E. Ross","Gildea, Bob","Johnson, Lyndon Baines","Clüver, Claus","Haeberle, Bill","Bowman, Slyvia","Buhner, Jack","Cohen, Dan","Daghlian, Phil","Gros Louis, Ken","Harrell, Charlie","Higgins, Smith","Reiberg, Rufus","Materials are in  English"],"unitid_tesim":["ohrc072"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1991-1998"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Indiana University Oral History\n            Archive, 1991-1998"],"collection_title_tesim":["Indiana University Oral History\n            Archive, 1991-1998"],"collection_ssim":["Indiana University Oral History\n            Archive, 1991-1998"],"repository_ssm":["Indiana University, Center for Documentary Research and Practice"],"repository_ssim":["Indiana University, Center for Documentary Research and Practice"],"creator_ssm":["Indiana University Center for the Study of\n               History and Memory"],"creator_ssim":["Indiana University Center for the Study of\n               History and Memory"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Indiana University Center for the Study of\n               History and Memory"],"creators_ssim":["Indiana University Center for the Study of\n               History and Memory"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Oral history interviews conducted by the Indiana University Center for the Study of\n               History and Memory from 1968 to the present, with particular focus on the history of\n               twentieth-century America and the Midwest."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":[". ."],"extent_ssm":["194 interviews Audiotapes, transcripts, and collateral\n               materials"],"extent_tesim":["194 interviews Audiotapes, transcripts, and collateral\n               materials"],"date_range_isim":[1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains 194 interviews conducted over 7 years. All interviews consist\n            of audio tapes and typed transcripts, as well as collateral materials. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains 194 interviews conducted over 7 years. All interviews consist\n            of audio tapes and typed transcripts, as well as collateral materials. "],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\" encodinganalog=\"520\"\u003eThis project is a compilation of interviews\n            of subjects with strong ties to and memories of Indiana University, primarily at the\n            Bloomington campus, including former students, faculty, and staff, among others. The\n            information spans most of the twentieth century and deals with the administrations under\n            presidents Herman B Wells, John Ryan, Thomas Ehrlich, and Myles Brand. The project\n            occurred in two parts. The first round of interviews was with administrators, trustees,\n            and other high-ranking members of the university hierarchy. The second round of\n            interviews was with senior faculty from a number of departments in the College of Arts\n            and Sciences. The project is a survey of Indiana University's history as a whole\n            including information about various academic departments, athletics, student\n            organizations, campus growth, and the university's growth in the twentieth century. This\n            project was funded by President Emeritus John Ryan.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This project is a compilation of interviews\n            of subjects with strong ties to and memories of Indiana University, primarily at the\n            Bloomington campus, including former students, faculty, and staff, among others. The\n            information spans most of the twentieth century and deals with the administrations under\n            presidents Herman B Wells, John Ryan, Thomas Ehrlich, and Myles Brand. The project\n            occurred in two parts. The first round of interviews was with administrators, trustees,\n            and other high-ranking members of the university hierarchy. The second round of\n            interviews was with senior faculty from a number of departments in the College of Arts\n            and Sciences. The project is a survey of Indiana University's history as a whole\n            including information about various academic departments, athletics, student\n            organizations, campus growth, and the university's growth in the twentieth century. This\n            project was funded by President Emeritus John Ryan."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Physical Location\"\u003eInterviews are housed in Radio-TV Building, Room 314.\n            Copies of interview transcripts are also held by the IU Libraries University Archives.\n            Contact archives@indiana.edu for more information. For other locations housing the\n            interviews from this project, please contact the Center for Documentary Research and\n            Practice office.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Interviews are housed in Radio-TV Building, Room 314.\n            Copies of interview transcripts are also held by the IU Libraries University Archives.\n            Contact archives@indiana.edu for more information. For other locations housing the\n            interviews from this project, please contact the Center for Documentary Research and\n            Practice office."],"names_ssim":["Indiana University Center for Documentary Research and Practice","Indiana University Center for the Study of\n               History and Memory","Bloomington National Bank","Indiana University Inter-fraternity Council","Indiana University Office of Risk Management","Indiana University School of Law","United States Student Association","Arthur R. Metz Foundation","Indiana University Department of Chemistry","Little 500","Proctor and Gamble","Purdue University","student foundation","Houghton College","National Association of Schools of Music","New York University","North Texas State University","South Central College","Westminster Choir College","Yale University","","Army ROTC","Athletic Department","School of Health, Physical Education, and Recreation","Indiana University Foundation Board","board of trustees","Lilly Endowment","Phi Kappa Psi","Alumni Association","Indiana Department of Public Welfare","Indiana State Chamber of Commerce","Indiana Vocational Technical College","alumni club","Bloomington School of Law","Investment Committee","Standard Life Insurance Company","IUPUI","United States Air Force","Chicago-Kent Law School","FBI","IUPUI School of Law","IUPUI University Library","United States Department of Justice","Indiana University Alumni Association","Indiana University School of Medicine","Green Feathers","Indiana University School of Business","Red Cross","Indiana University Kokomo","Indiana University","Center for Studies of Law in Action","Indiana State Police","Indiana State Police Academy","Indiana University Department of Criminal Justice","Indiana University Department of Police Administration","Northwestern University","Indiana Conference of Higher Education","Indiana University Credit Union","Indiana University Division of Undergraduate Development","Stillman College","Neal Marshall Cultural Center","Omega Psi Chi","American Legion","Indiana University Business Office","Treasurer's Office","Indiana University Lilly Library","United States Navy","Hoosiers for Higher Education","University Apartments","Fair Play for Cuba Committee","Indiana University Foundation","International Business Forum","University of Indianapolis","faculty council","Indiana University Department of Comparative Literature","Indiana University South Bend","Indiana University Collins Living-Learning Center"," Indiana University Department of English","Kinsey Institute for Research in Sex, Gender, and\n                     Reproduction","Indiana University Southeast","Indiana University School of Medicine ","Sigma Chi","American Chemical Society ","Central High School ","Cornell University","Indiana Daily Student","Indiana University School of Dentistry","Johns Hopkins University","National Science Foundation","Indiana University Athletic Committee","Indiana University Men's Club","National Collegiate Athletic Association","Architectural Committee","Union Board","Board of Aeons","Inland Container Corporation","Krannert Charitable Trust","Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy,\n                     Incorporated","Goethe Link Observatory","Harvard Observatory","Indiana University Department of Astronomy","Indiana University Kirkwood Observatory","Lawrence Fellowship","Lowell Observatory","Seymour High School","Brookings Institute","Harvard University","Legal Services Corporation","Stanford University","Board of Trustees","Indiana University Northwest","Indiana University Department of Philosophy","Indiana University School of Music","American Life Convention","Harvard Law School","John Hancock Company","Ku Klux Klan","American Council on Education","Transylvania University","Army Air Corps","Concordia University-St. Paul","ERIC","Reader's Digest","School of Public and Environmental Affairs","University of Minnesota","Bowling Green University","Indiana State Music Association","Notre Dame","Yale","Indiana University student union board","Phi Gamma Delta"," Indiana University Student Association","Center on Philanthropy","Middle Way House","MTV","Women's Wheels","American Broadcasting Company","Hofstra University","Juilliard Conservatory","New School for Social Research","Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra","Sigma Alpha Epsilon","London University","Sheffield University","University of Maryland","University of California at Santa Barbara","Indiana University Kokomo School of Business","University of Michigan","Carnegie Mellon University","Ohio State University ","Phi Betta Kappa","University of Pittsburgh","Western College for Women","Indiana State University","Indiana University-Purdue University Fort Wayne","General Electric Company","Lazarus Department Store","Studebaker Corporation","Beta Gamma Sigma","dean's advisory committee","Phi Beta Kappa","Hoosier 100","Black Student Union","Common Cause","Indiana University Student Association","Alpha Chi Omega","Woodburn Guild","General Motors Corporation","Neal Marshall Black Culture Center","New York Jets","Earlham College","Indiana University East","Iowa State University","Lockheed Corporation","MIT","IUPUI School of Law ","Columbia University School of Law","Air Force ROTC","Ivy Tech State College","Yale Law School","Enhancing Minority Attainment Conference","Lehman College","National Endowment for the Humanities","Indiana University Medical Center","Armstrong Cork Company","Indiana University School of Business ","Thatcher Glass Company","United Way of America","Columbia University","Kabul University","Neal Marshall Cultural Center ","Beta Theta Pi","Detroit Lions","I-Men's Association","Johnson Creamery","Indiana University Bloomington","Indiana University Hospital","Riley Hospital","Beekman and Bogue","Cotton and Franklin ","Interborough Rapid Transit Company ","Indiana University Department of Computer Science","Mini University","Purdue University ","Ford Motor Company","University of Evansville","College of William and Mary","Vassar College","Indiana University Fort Wayne","Purdue Universit","Indiana University Audio Visual Department","Indiana University Department of the Extension Division","Gay Straight Alliance","Indiana University Faculty Council","Sigma Nu","Indiana University Association of Women Students","Jordan River Review","Black Film Center/Archive","Case Western Reserve University","NAACP","Department of Radio and Television","Department of Telecommunications","WTIU","Indiana General Assembly","Indiana University Black Student Union","Indiana University Department of Geology","UCLA","Michigan State University","Fellowship of Christian Athletes","Progressive Reform Party","Students for a Democratic Society","Supreme Court","United States Army","Officers Candidate School","Department of History","Kappa Alpha Psi","Indiana University Human Genome Diversity Project","California Institute of Technology","Indiana University Department of Speech","Indiana University Department of Theater","St. Cloud University","University of Pennsylvania","Barter Theater","Booth Theater","Brown County Playhouse","Department of Theatre","Indiana University of Pennsylvania","Maurer School of Law","Indiana Univeristy Foundation","ROTC","Upjohn Company","Creighton College","Psi Iota Xi","Simpson College","University of Iowa","Sphinx Club","Indiana University Student Athletic Board","Indiana University Law School","Varsity Club","Center for Strategic and International Studies","Republican Party","Bloomington Community Foundation"," board of trustees","Bristol-Myers","Mead Johnson and Company","National Association of College and University Business\n                     Officers","Wayne State University","Little United Nations Assembly","City University of New York","Foster Quad Black Student Association","Echo Press","Guggenheim Foundation","National Endowment for the Arts","University of Colorado, Boulder","University of Nebraska","McKinney School of Law","West Georgia College","Peace Corps","Bloomington World","Marching Hundred","Dow Chemical Company","Kinsey Institute","University of Buffalo","University of Chicago","Computing Center","Department of Computer Science","Hewlett-Packard","Texas Instruments","University Computing Services","Xerox Corporation","Indiana Commission on Higher Education","University of Detroit","Indiana University Department of German","Indiana University Institute for Advanced Study","Sigma Alpha Nu","Blue Key","Claude Rich Scholarship","Monroe County Youth Shelter","Acacia","Lindley Hall","University of Ghana","athletic committee","Bob Knight Endowment","Friends of Music","Indiana University School of Journalism","City Securities Corporation","Indiana University Student Foundation","Merrill Lynch and Company, Incorporated","School of Business","University of California, Berkeley","Army Airways Communication System","Indiana University Department of Speech Communication","Barnes and Thornburg","Barnes, Hickam, Pantzer and Boyd","Big House Coalition","Independent Party","Indiana University All-Campus Party","Indiana University Board of Aeons","Organized Party","Oxford University","Westmont College","Indiana University Groups Student Support Services ","American Studies Program","Concordia Seminary","Indiana University Department of Religious Studies","Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod","New York University School of Law","Association of Governing Boards of Universities and Colleges","Ball Corporation","Ball State University","School of Education Alumni Association","Baldwin-Wallace College","Detroit Institute of Technology","Sienna Heights College","Washburn University","AT\u0026T","Eli Lilly and Company","Indiana Bell","Twelfth Man Club","Association of Women Students","Bloomington Hospital","Mid-West Business Administration Association","Human Relations Committee","Illinois State Department of Education","VISTA","Bloomingfoods","Bowes Tailoring","Clerical Workers’ Union","Communications Workers of America","Department of Chemistry","Department of German","School of Music","Shimer College","Sunflower Bakery","University of Wisconsin Madison","Whole Earth Co-Op","Boy Scouts of America","National Guard","Alpha Tau Omega"," Indiana University Department of Management","University of Michiga","Wayne State","Grace Commission","Lambda Chi Alpha","Shortridge High School","Women's Air Force","Getz","Conrad","Krannert","Russell","Finkel","Huffman","Jacobs","Grossman","Tobias","McGreevey","Kraemer, Peter","Kinsey, Alfred C.","Newman, George","Voegelin, Carl F.","Freedman, Jean","Baker, John","Boyd, Roselle","Clapacs, Terry","Cross, Pat","Ehrlich, Ellen","Ehrlich, Thomas","Floyd, Ralph","Knight, Bob","Ryan, John W.","Biddle, Ward G.","Briscoe, Herman T. \"Kay\"","Day, Harry","Hope, Bob","McGlasen, Tom","Metz, Arthur R.","Muhler, Joseph","Pawner, Nelson","Showalter, Grace M.","Stahr, Elvis J.","Wells, Herman B","Appel, Willie","Einstein, Albert","Webb, Charles","Chamberlain, Phillip","Mobley, Tony","Remley, Mary","Stoner, Richard B.","Armstrong, William","Bell, Gregory","Campbell, Milt","Crimmins, Bernie","Dumas, Charles","Mays, Willie","Miller, Jean","Esarey, Logan","Hennel, Cora","Hinkam, John","Meredith, James","Read, Tom","Barker, Clare Wright","Sutton, Joseph Lee","Georges, Robert A.","Bryan, William Lowe","Hill, John","Lead, Roy","Hunt, Virgil","Miller, Herbert","Edlin, George","Gambill, Chris","Gros Louis, Kenneth R.R.","Gross, Robert","Jordan, Dean","Gray, Don","Gucker, Frank G.","Hudson, Herman","Ross, Jimmy","Deiss, Charles Frederick","Fisher, L.L.","Franklin, Joe","Buley, Roscoe Carlyle","Lynch, William Orlando","Akins, Claude","Church, Harold","Franzen, Carl","Rinnick, Red","Anderssohn, John","Briscoe, Herman","Cavanugh, Dean","Kohlmeier, Alfred","Ryan, John","Stahr, Elvis","Sutton, Joe","Wells, Herman","Wilkie, Wendell","","Brenneman, Bill","Parker, Keith","Sonneborn, Tracy","Weimar, Arthur M.","Work, Jim","Kennedy, John Fitzgerald","King, Martin Luther, Jr.","Danzig, Steve","Chaitin, Gil","Flannigan, Clifford","Frenz, Horst","Mitchell, Briand","Solt, Mary Ellen","Weisstein, Ulrich","Bryan, Charlotte Lowe","Collins, Ralph","Hershey, Amos S.","Kabisch, Ernest Bernard","Morrison, Sarah Parke","Visher, Stephen Sargent","Braden, Sam","Pinnell, George","McCaig, Dick","Harmon, Paul","Ritchey, James O.","Kinsey, Clara M.","Lyons, Robert","Mathers, Frank Curry","McCollum, E.V.","Payne, Fernandus","Shriner, Ralph","Cookson, Thomas A.","Cathcart, Jimmy","Edwards, Edward D.","Harper, Fowler V.","Nelson, Alice","Aller, Lawrence","Cogshall, Wilbur A.","Cuffey, Jim","Russell, Henry Norris","Shapley, Harlow","Townsend, Prescott","Wells, Agnes E.","Williams, Kenneth P.","Ball, George A.","Chayes, Abram","Hand, Learned","Bell, Joshua","Bernstein, Leonard","Cohen, Jere Michael","Eissler, David","Jung, Christian","Kemp, Gretchen ","Powell, Bill","Shoemaker, Raymond L.","Oberholtz, Madge","Remy, William H.","Stephenson, David Curtis","Brown, Sylvia","Orescanin, Dan","Confucius","Wright, Wendell W. \"Whack\"","Sheehan, Steven","Bemis, Samuel Flagg","Benns, Lee","Bryan, William Lowe ","Buley, Roscoe Carlyle ","Byrd, Cecil","Byrnes, Robert F. ","Castle, William R., Jr. ","Curtis, Lewis","Dulles, Foster Rhea ","Friedman, Larry","Grant, James ","Grossberg, Michael","Gucker, Frank Thomson ","Jameson, J. Franklin","Kaplan, Larry","Kohlmeier, Albert Ludwig","Kunz, Diane","Lowengrub, Mort","O’Neil, Bob","Stark, Lloyd","Truman, President Harry","Wells, Herman B.","Winther, Oscar Osburn","Bain, Wilfred C.","Carmichael, Hoagy","McMillin, Alvin N. \"Bo\"","Rich, Claude T.","Willis, Hugh","Baker, David","Elliot, Peggy","Hershey, Marjorie","Moody, Michael","Stein, Stephen","Wiggins, William","Wise, Larry","Heineman, Charles","Kessler, James B.","Lofton, Guy","Bain, Wilfred","Bennett, Robert Russell","Ellington, Duke","Horney, Karen","Carter, Gwendolyn","Carter, James Earl, Jr.","Fonda, Jane","Mayberry, Phil","Barber, Cesar","Calinescu, Matei","Gottesman, Ronald","Naremore, James","Rabkin, Gerald","Weisstein, Ulrcih","Work, James","Berkvam, Michael","Billant, Antoinette","Carr, Diana","Hope, Quentin","Michael, Keith","Pfohl, Russell","Will, Samuel","Carmony, Donald","Benns, Frank Lee","Daugherty, Rosemary","Lundin, C. Leonard","Perguson, Dee","Mee, John","Cady, Ed","Bayh, Evan","Helmke, Paul","Udall, Stewart Lee","Bair, Ed","Bonham, Russ","Davidson, Ernie","Hanson, Bob","Parmenter, Charlie","Schafer, Riley","Shull, Harrison","Weurkert, Ernest","Hefner, Ray","Welsh, Matthew E.","Clinton, Hillary Rodham","Clinton, William Jefferson","Marsh, Elisabeth","Klotman, Phyllis","Lowengrub, Morton","Maultsby, Portia","Point, John","Torchinsky, Alberto ","Weidman, Leah E.","Mendel, Bernardo","Patterson, Robert P.","Sandberg, Carl","Sembower, Charles J.","Senour, Frank","Whiteman, Paul","O'Neil, Robert","Friedman, Dan","Prosser, Frank","Shapiro, Stu","Wand, Mitchell","Winkle, David","Franklin, Benjamin","Heighway, George \"Dixie\"","Homestead, Raleigh","Driver, Harold Edson","Merriam, Alan","Purdue, John","Bittner, Walter","Cavanaugh, Robert Emmet","Norman, Hugh","Ferrell, Robert H.","Hale, Will Taliaferro","Chavez, Linda","Dyson, Michael Eric","Bachelor, Joe","Hayes, Billy","Hoover, J. 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The eight interviewers -- Mary Kay Becker, Mark Dalrymple, Roger Dankert, Richard Gillam, James McRae, Penny Niland, Jon Roise, and Julie Wells -- were sponsored by KZSU, Stanford's student radio station, and their original intent was to gather material suitable for rebroadcasting in the form of radio programs. Much attention was focused on white civil rights workers, although a great deal of other documentation relevant to black history was also obtained: the interviewers visited over fifty civil rights projects in six states (see appendix) and secured three hundred and thirty hours of recordings, including over two hundred hours of personal interviews. In addition to interviewing members of various, well-known civil rights groups -- the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party (MFDP), the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC or `Snick') -- the student interviewers also recorded the formal and the informal remarks of those working with smaller, independent civil rights projects, of local blacks associated with the civil rights movement, and of many others including Ku Klux Klansmen and Southerners connected with the Sheriff's Department of Clay County, Mississippi. The interviewers, in addition, spoke with many white volunteers who participated in Snick's `Washington Lobby' (aimed at unseating the all-white Mississippi Congressional Delegation) but who did not actually go south.","Several of the two-man interview teams recorded parts of the Jackson, Bougalusa, Greensboro, Crawfordsville, and West Point demonstrations, and also gathered various other action tapes of civil rights workers canvassing voters, conducting freedom schools, or participating in demonstrations. Finally, the interviewers recorded many mass meetings and gathered much material on the orientation sessions of MFDP in Hattiesburg, Mississippi and of SCLC in Atlanta, Georgia. All of these original tape recordings are now housed in the Library of Recorded Sound, Stanford, California.","The following pages contain transcripts of the majority of recordings mentioned above. It is hoped that these volumes will rescue from obscurity a body of information which we believe can be of great use both to scholars and to laymen interested in the dramatic history of the civil rights movement during the past decade. This material may prove to be especially valuable because it concerns a transitional period between the first `freedom summer' of 1964, the high tide of civil rights, and the `Meredith March of 1966 during which Stokely Carmichael first voiced the compelling cry of `Black Power'. In fact, at least one essay and a documentary history based on these recordings are already in progress, and it is expected that more will soon follow.","Many of the interviewees are identified by name on the first page of the transcripts which follow. Because of the long time which has already elapsed since the interviews were recorded, however, it is requested that these names not be used in print unless the written consent of the interviewees concerned is first obtained.","In closing, we would like to express our thanks to the Stanford Institute of American History and to the Stanford Library for financial support which made possible the transcription of the original recordings. We would also like to thank Mrs. Betty Eldon of the Institute of American History who accepted the added burden of paperwork connected with this transcription project with tolerance and good humor. Finally, we acknowledge a particular debt to Professor George Knoles for his unfailing encouragement and support.","Richard Gillam","James D. McRae","Palo Alto","January 1969","Gift of Richard Gillam and KZSU, 1969.","Alabama - Southern Christian Leadership Conference  Demopolis Greensboro Greenville Luverne Marion Midway Montgomery Selma (also the SNCC project located there)","Arkansas - Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee  Little Rock - state headquarters","Georgia - Southern Christian Leadership Conference  Atlanta - Southern headquarters of SCLC \u0026 SNCC Crawfordville Macon","Louisiana - Congress of Racial Equality  Baton Rouge - state headquarters Bogalusa Clinton Ferriday Greensburg Homer Jonesboro Minden Monroe New Orleans project New Roads Plaquemine - evaluation session Shreveport Southern Regional CORE office St. Francisville Tallulah Waveland, Miss. - orientation","Mississippi - Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party  Batesville Beasley Belzoni Biloxi Canton Clarksdale Cleveland Greenville Greenwood Hattiesburg - orientation Holly Springs Indianola Jackson - state headquarters Laurel McComb Mileston Mt. Beulah Natchez Phela Philadelphia Quitman Ruleville Shaw Vicksburg West Point Whites","South Carolina - Southern Christian Leadership Conference  Columbia Orangeburg","Original audiotapes are held in the Stanford Archive of Recorded Sound.","This collection contains transcribed meetings and interviews with Civil Rights workers in the South recorded by several Stanford students affiliated with the campus radio station KZSU during the summer of 1965. The project was sponsored by the Institute of American History at Stanford. The collection includes information relating to black history; interviews of members of the Congress of Racial Equality, the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party, the NAACP, the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, and the Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee; transcripts of formal and informal remarks of persons working with smaller, independent civil rights projects, of local blacks associated with the civil rights movement, and other people, including Ku Klux Klansmen; transcribed action tapes of civil rights workers canvassing voters, conducting freedom schools, or participating in demonstration; speeches by and/or interviews with Ralph David Abernathy, Charles Evers, James Farmer, Martin Luther King, Jr., and Hosea Williams; and a Ku Klux Klan meeting and speech made by Robert Sheldon, its Imperial Wizard.","Property rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections and University Archives.","Department of Special Collections and University Archives","Stanford University. Institute of American History","KZSU (Radio station : Stanford)","Ku Klux Klan (1915- )","Congress of Racial Equality.","Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party.","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)","Southern Christian Leadership Conference.","Klu Klux Klan","Becker, Mary Kay.","Dalrymple, Mark David","Dankert, Roger.","Wells, Judith Lee.","McRae, James Dean.","Gillam, Richard Arthur.","Roise, Jonathan Harold.","Niland, Penelope.","Evers, Charles","Abernathy, Ralph David, 1926-1990","King, Martin Luther, Jr.","Williams, Hosea.","Shelton, Robert M.","McDaniel, Edward L.","Farmer, James.","Abernathy, Ralph","Williams, Hosea","Strickland, Joe E.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC0066"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1965-1976"],"normalized_title_ssm":["KZSU Project South interviews, 1965-1976"],"collection_title_tesim":["KZSU Project South interviews, 1965-1976"],"collection_ssim":["KZSU Project South interviews, 1965-1976"],"repository_ssm":["Stanford University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Stanford University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Becker, Mary Kay.","Dalrymple, Mark David","Dankert, Roger.","Stanford University. Institute of American History","Wells, Judith Lee.","McRae, James Dean.","Gillam, Richard Arthur.","Roise, Jonathan Harold.","Niland, Penelope.","KZSU (Radio station : Stanford)"],"creator_ssim":["Becker, Mary Kay.","Dalrymple, Mark David","Dankert, Roger.","Stanford University. Institute of American History","Wells, Judith Lee.","McRae, James Dean.","Gillam, Richard Arthur.","Roise, Jonathan Harold.","Niland, Penelope.","KZSU (Radio station : Stanford)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Becker, Mary Kay.","Dalrymple, Mark David","Dankert, Roger.","Wells, Judith Lee.","McRae, James Dean.","Gillam, Richard Arthur.","Roise, Jonathan Harold.","Niland, Penelope."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Stanford University. Institute of American History","KZSU (Radio station : Stanford)"],"creators_ssim":["Becker, Mary Kay.","Dalrymple, Mark David","Dankert, Roger.","Wells, Judith Lee.","McRae, James Dean.","Gillam, Richard Arthur.","Roise, Jonathan Harold.","Niland, Penelope.","Stanford University. Institute of American History","KZSU (Radio station : Stanford)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Property rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections and University Archives."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil rights movements -- United States.","African Americans -- Civil rights -- United States.","Civil rights -- United States.","Audiotapes.","Interviews."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil rights movements -- United States.","African Americans -- Civil rights -- United States.","Civil rights -- United States.","Audiotapes.","Interviews."],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["7 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["7 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Audiotapes.","Interviews."],"date_range_isim":[1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials are open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Information about Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The materials are open for research use."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe transcripts and audio recordings have been digitized and are available for online review by clicking on the hyperlinks under each interview.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["The transcripts and audio recordings have been digitized and are available for online review by clicking on the hyperlinks under each interview."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDuring the summer of 1965, eight students from Stanford University spent ten weeks in the southern states tape-recording information on the civil rights movement. The eight interviewers -- Mary Kay Becker, Mark Dalrymple, Roger Dankert, Richard Gillam, James McRae, Penny Niland, Jon Roise, and Julie Wells -- were sponsored by KZSU, Stanford's student radio station, and their original intent was to gather material suitable for rebroadcasting in the form of radio programs. Much attention was focused on white civil rights workers, although a great deal of other documentation relevant to black history was also obtained: the interviewers visited over fifty civil rights projects in six states (see appendix) and secured three hundred and thirty hours of recordings, including over two hundred hours of personal interviews. In addition to interviewing members of various, well-known civil rights groups -- the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party (MFDP), the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC or `Snick') -- the student interviewers also recorded the formal and the informal remarks of those working with smaller, independent civil rights projects, of local blacks associated with the civil rights movement, and of many others including Ku Klux Klansmen and Southerners connected with the Sheriff's Department of Clay County, Mississippi. The interviewers, in addition, spoke with many white volunteers who participated in Snick's `Washington Lobby' (aimed at unseating the all-white Mississippi Congressional Delegation) but who did not actually go south.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeveral of the two-man interview teams recorded parts of the Jackson, Bougalusa, Greensboro, Crawfordsville, and West Point demonstrations, and also gathered various other action tapes of civil rights workers canvassing voters, conducting freedom schools, or participating in demonstrations. Finally, the interviewers recorded many mass meetings and gathered much material on the orientation sessions of MFDP in Hattiesburg, Mississippi and of SCLC in Atlanta, Georgia. All of these original tape recordings are now housed in the Library of Recorded Sound, Stanford, California.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe following pages contain transcripts of the majority of recordings mentioned above. It is hoped that these volumes will rescue from obscurity a body of information which we believe can be of great use both to scholars and to laymen interested in the dramatic history of the civil rights movement during the past decade. This material may prove to be especially valuable because it concerns a transitional period between the first `freedom summer' of 1964, the high tide of civil rights, and the `Meredith March of 1966 during which Stokely Carmichael first voiced the compelling cry of `Black Power'. In fact, at least one essay and a documentary history based on these recordings are already in progress, and it is expected that more will soon follow.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMany of the interviewees are identified by name on the first page of the transcripts which follow. Because of the long time which has already elapsed since the interviews were recorded, however, it is requested that these names not be used in print unless the written consent of the interviewees concerned is first obtained.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn closing, we would like to express our thanks to the Stanford Institute of American History and to the Stanford Library for financial support which made possible the transcription of the original recordings. We would also like to thank Mrs. Betty Eldon of the Institute of American History who accepted the added burden of paperwork connected with this transcription project with tolerance and good humor. Finally, we acknowledge a particular debt to Professor George Knoles for his unfailing encouragement and support.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRichard Gillam\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJames D. McRae\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePalo Alto\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJanuary 1969\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["During the summer of 1965, eight students from Stanford University spent ten weeks in the southern states tape-recording information on the civil rights movement. The eight interviewers -- Mary Kay Becker, Mark Dalrymple, Roger Dankert, Richard Gillam, James McRae, Penny Niland, Jon Roise, and Julie Wells -- were sponsored by KZSU, Stanford's student radio station, and their original intent was to gather material suitable for rebroadcasting in the form of radio programs. Much attention was focused on white civil rights workers, although a great deal of other documentation relevant to black history was also obtained: the interviewers visited over fifty civil rights projects in six states (see appendix) and secured three hundred and thirty hours of recordings, including over two hundred hours of personal interviews. In addition to interviewing members of various, well-known civil rights groups -- the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party (MFDP), the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC or `Snick') -- the student interviewers also recorded the formal and the informal remarks of those working with smaller, independent civil rights projects, of local blacks associated with the civil rights movement, and of many others including Ku Klux Klansmen and Southerners connected with the Sheriff's Department of Clay County, Mississippi. The interviewers, in addition, spoke with many white volunteers who participated in Snick's `Washington Lobby' (aimed at unseating the all-white Mississippi Congressional Delegation) but who did not actually go south.","Several of the two-man interview teams recorded parts of the Jackson, Bougalusa, Greensboro, Crawfordsville, and West Point demonstrations, and also gathered various other action tapes of civil rights workers canvassing voters, conducting freedom schools, or participating in demonstrations. Finally, the interviewers recorded many mass meetings and gathered much material on the orientation sessions of MFDP in Hattiesburg, Mississippi and of SCLC in Atlanta, Georgia. All of these original tape recordings are now housed in the Library of Recorded Sound, Stanford, California.","The following pages contain transcripts of the majority of recordings mentioned above. It is hoped that these volumes will rescue from obscurity a body of information which we believe can be of great use both to scholars and to laymen interested in the dramatic history of the civil rights movement during the past decade. This material may prove to be especially valuable because it concerns a transitional period between the first `freedom summer' of 1964, the high tide of civil rights, and the `Meredith March of 1966 during which Stokely Carmichael first voiced the compelling cry of `Black Power'. In fact, at least one essay and a documentary history based on these recordings are already in progress, and it is expected that more will soon follow.","Many of the interviewees are identified by name on the first page of the transcripts which follow. Because of the long time which has already elapsed since the interviews were recorded, however, it is requested that these names not be used in print unless the written consent of the interviewees concerned is first obtained.","In closing, we would like to express our thanks to the Stanford Institute of American History and to the Stanford Library for financial support which made possible the transcription of the original recordings. We would also like to thank Mrs. Betty Eldon of the Institute of American History who accepted the added burden of paperwork connected with this transcription project with tolerance and good humor. Finally, we acknowledge a particular debt to Professor George Knoles for his unfailing encouragement and support.","Richard Gillam","James D. McRae","Palo Alto","January 1969"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGift of Richard Gillam and KZSU, 1969.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History note"],"custodhist_tesim":["Gift of Richard Gillam and KZSU, 1969."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlabama - Southern Christian Leadership Conference \u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eDemopolis\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGreensboro\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGreenville\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLuverne\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMarion\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMidway\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMontgomery\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSelma (also the SNCC project located there)\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eArkansas - Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee \u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eLittle Rock - state headquarters\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeorgia - Southern Christian Leadership Conference \u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eAtlanta - Southern headquarters of SCLC \u0026amp; SNCC\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCrawfordville\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMacon\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLouisiana - Congress of Racial Equality \u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eBaton Rouge - state headquarters\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBogalusa\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eClinton\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFerriday\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGreensburg\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHomer\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJonesboro\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMinden\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMonroe\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eNew Orleans project\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eNew Roads\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePlaquemine - evaluation session\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eShreveport\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSouthern Regional CORE office\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSt. Francisville\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eTallulah\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWaveland, Miss. - orientation\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMississippi - Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party \u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eBatesville\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBeasley\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBelzoni\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBiloxi\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCanton\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eClarksdale\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCleveland\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGreenville\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGreenwood\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHattiesburg - orientation\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHolly Springs\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eIndianola\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJackson - state headquarters\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLaurel\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMcComb\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMileston\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMt. Beulah\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eNatchez\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePhela\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePhiladelphia\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eQuitman\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRuleville\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eShaw\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eVicksburg\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWest Point\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhites\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSouth Carolina - Southern Christian Leadership Conference \u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eColumbia\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eOrangeburg\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e \u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Appendix: Projects Visited"],"odd_tesim":["Alabama - Southern Christian Leadership Conference  Demopolis Greensboro Greenville Luverne Marion Midway Montgomery Selma (also the SNCC project located there)","Arkansas - Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee  Little Rock - state headquarters","Georgia - Southern Christian Leadership Conference  Atlanta - Southern headquarters of SCLC \u0026 SNCC Crawfordville Macon","Louisiana - Congress of Racial Equality  Baton Rouge - state headquarters Bogalusa Clinton Ferriday Greensburg Homer Jonesboro Minden Monroe New Orleans project New Roads Plaquemine - evaluation session Shreveport Southern Regional CORE office St. Francisville Tallulah Waveland, Miss. - orientation","Mississippi - Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party  Batesville Beasley Belzoni Biloxi Canton Clarksdale Cleveland Greenville Greenwood Hattiesburg - orientation Holly Springs Indianola Jackson - state headquarters Laurel McComb Mileston Mt. Beulah Natchez Phela Philadelphia Quitman Ruleville Shaw Vicksburg West Point Whites","South Carolina - Southern Christian Leadership Conference  Columbia Orangeburg"],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOriginal audiotapes are held in the Stanford Archive of Recorded Sound.\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Originals"],"originalsloc_tesim":["Original audiotapes are held in the Stanford Archive of Recorded Sound."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eKZSU Project South Interviews (SC0066). Department of Special Collections and University Archives, Stanford University Libraries, Stanford, Calif.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["KZSU Project South Interviews (SC0066). Department of Special Collections and University Archives, Stanford University Libraries, Stanford, Calif."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains transcribed meetings and interviews with Civil Rights workers in the South recorded by several Stanford students affiliated with the campus radio station KZSU during the summer of 1965. The project was sponsored by the Institute of American History at Stanford. The collection includes information relating to black history; interviews of members of the Congress of Racial Equality, the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party, the NAACP, the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, and the Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee; transcripts of formal and informal remarks of persons working with smaller, independent civil rights projects, of local blacks associated with the civil rights movement, and other people, including Ku Klux Klansmen; transcribed action tapes of civil rights workers canvassing voters, conducting freedom schools, or participating in demonstration; speeches by and/or interviews with Ralph David Abernathy, Charles Evers, James Farmer, Martin Luther King, Jr., and Hosea Williams; and a Ku Klux Klan meeting and speech made by Robert Sheldon, its Imperial Wizard.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains transcribed meetings and interviews with Civil Rights workers in the South recorded by several Stanford students affiliated with the campus radio station KZSU during the summer of 1965. The project was sponsored by the Institute of American History at Stanford. The collection includes information relating to black history; interviews of members of the Congress of Racial Equality, the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party, the NAACP, the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, and the Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee; transcripts of formal and informal remarks of persons working with smaller, independent civil rights projects, of local blacks associated with the civil rights movement, and other people, including Ku Klux Klansmen; transcribed action tapes of civil rights workers canvassing voters, conducting freedom schools, or participating in demonstration; speeches by and/or interviews with Ralph David Abernathy, Charles Evers, James Farmer, Martin Luther King, Jr., and Hosea Williams; and a Ku Klux Klan meeting and speech made by Robert Sheldon, its Imperial Wizard."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProperty rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections and University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Ownership \u0026 Copyright"],"userestrict_tesim":["Property rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections and University Archives."],"names_coll_ssim":["Ku Klux Klan (1915- )","KZSU (Radio station : Stanford)","Congress of Racial Equality.","Stanford University. Institute of American History","Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party.","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)","KZSU (Radio station : Stanford)","Southern Christian Leadership Conference.","Evers, Charles","Abernathy, Ralph David, 1926-1990","Becker, Mary Kay.","King, Martin Luther, Jr.","Dalrymple, Mark David","Dankert, Roger.","Williams, Hosea.","Shelton, Robert M.","Wells, Judith Lee.","McDaniel, Edward L.","McRae, James Dean.","Farmer, James.","Gillam, Richard Arthur.","Roise, Jonathan Harold.","Niland, Penelope."],"names_ssim":["Department of Special Collections and University Archives","Stanford University. Institute of American History","KZSU (Radio station : Stanford)","Ku Klux Klan (1915- )","Congress of Racial Equality.","Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party.","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)","Southern Christian Leadership Conference.","Klu Klux Klan","Becker, Mary Kay.","Dalrymple, Mark David","Dankert, Roger.","Wells, Judith Lee.","McRae, James Dean.","Gillam, Richard Arthur.","Roise, Jonathan Harold.","Niland, Penelope.","Evers, Charles","Abernathy, Ralph David, 1926-1990","King, Martin Luther, Jr.","Williams, Hosea.","Shelton, Robert M.","McDaniel, Edward L.","Farmer, James.","Abernathy, Ralph","Williams, Hosea","Strickland, Joe E."],"corpname_ssim":["Department of Special Collections and University Archives","Stanford University. Institute of American History","KZSU (Radio station : Stanford)","Ku Klux Klan (1915- )","Congress of Racial Equality.","Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party.","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)","Southern Christian Leadership Conference.","Klu Klux Klan"],"persname_ssim":["Becker, Mary Kay.","Dalrymple, Mark David","Dankert, Roger.","Wells, Judith Lee.","McRae, James Dean.","Gillam, Richard Arthur.","Roise, Jonathan Harold.","Niland, Penelope.","Evers, Charles","Abernathy, Ralph David, 1926-1990","King, Martin Luther, Jr.","Williams, Hosea.","Shelton, Robert M.","McDaniel, Edward L.","Farmer, James.","Abernathy, Ralph","Williams, Hosea","Strickland, Joe E."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":259,"online_item_count_is":741,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"sc0066-xml","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:10:35.038Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/sc0066-xml_aspace_ref102_n0m"}},{"id":"ehll--wilsondoncollectiontwo_al_b2943a22e0a4d20c2c38f00aeba6a15ff91f076f","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Penn Central Co., Correspondence, 1969","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/ehll--wilsondoncollectiontwo_al_b2943a22e0a4d20c2c38f00aeba6a15ff91f076f#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"al_b2943a22e0a4d20c2c38f00aeba6a15ff91f076f","ref_ssm":["al_b2943a22e0a4d20c2c38f00aeba6a15ff91f076f","al_b2943a22e0a4d20c2c38f00aeba6a15ff91f076f"],"id":"ehll--wilsondoncollectiontwo_al_b2943a22e0a4d20c2c38f00aeba6a15ff91f076f","title_filing_ssi":"Penn Central Co., Correspondence, 1969","title_ssm":["Penn Central Co., Correspondence, 1969"],"title_tesim":["Penn Central Co., Correspondence, 1969"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Penn Central Co., Correspondence, 1969"],"text":["Penn Central Co., Correspondence, 1969","Don Wilson Collection\n \n1885-2015, and undated","Don Wilson Collection.","Box 5","Folder 12"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ssim":["ehll--wilsondoncollectiontwo","al_4bf70b448ac8351a147acff1dd8b1c0b9a791980"],"parent_ssi":"al_4bf70b448ac8351a147acff1dd8b1c0b9a791980","parent_ids_ssim":["ehll--wilsondoncollectiontwo","ehll--wilsondoncollectiontwo_al_4bf70b448ac8351a147acff1dd8b1c0b9a791980"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Don Wilson Collection\n \n1885-2015, and undated","Don Wilson Collection."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Don Wilson Collection\n \n1885-2015, and undated","Don Wilson Collection."],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"repository_ssim":["Central Michigan University Clarke Historical Library"],"collection_ssim":["Don Wilson Collection\n \n1885-2015, and undated"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":154,"containers_ssim":["Box 5","Folder 12"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#152","_nest_parent_":"ehll--wilsondoncollectiontwo_al_4bf70b448ac8351a147acff1dd8b1c0b9a791980","_root_":"ehll--wilsondoncollectiontwo","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:25:40.103Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"ehll--wilsondoncollectiontwo","title_ssm":["\nDon Wilson Collection\n \n1885-2015, and undated  \n"],"title_tesim":["\nDon Wilson Collection\n \n1885-2015, and undated  \n"],"ead_ssi":"ehll--wilsondoncollectiontwo","level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Record Group","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["\nMSS.\n"],"text":["\nMSS.\n","Don Wilson Collection\n \n1885-2015, and undated","Ferries--Michigan.","Ferries--Michigan, Lake.","Ferries--Great Lakes (North America)","Railroads--Michigan--History.","Railroads--Michigan--Planning.","Railroads--Abandonment--Michigan.","Railroads--History.","Railroads--United States--History.","Railroads--Employees.","Railroads--North America--Maps.","Blueprints.","Scrapbooks--Michigan.","The collection is organized by size and format, and then in alphabetical and chronological order.","Biography:","Don Wilson (1937-2013) was a member of the Ann Arbor Railroad Technical and Historical Association (AARTHA). He was a veteran of the U.S. Army having served in Viet Nam and Thailand. He taught school for 30 years and coached several sports teams. He was also a member of the Chesaning-Brady Fire Department for 42 years. A copy of his obituary is found at the front of Box 1. The Clarke Historical Library houses several of his railroad and/or ferries collections.","Collection, collected over time by Don Wilson, some of which he was given by other rail fans. The collection mostly documents Michigan railroads, focusing on the Ann Arbor Railroad Company (AARR), related lines, its reorganization, abandonment, and its ferries. Some ferry information is general such as Twin Screw Specs (Box 5), and there is information specific to the M.V. [Motor Vessel] Viking (originally Ann Arbor No. 7) and the City of Milwaukee. Formats include slides, photographs, negatives, photograph printing plates, blueprints, scrapbooks, photograph albums, speeches, notes, newspaper clippings and magazine articles, maps, digital scans and positive prints from those scans, a CD, and miscellaneous, related publications. Also included are some organizational records of the AARTHA.  Other railroads documented to various degrees in the collection include: Central Michigan Railroad (CM); Detroit, Caro and Sandusky Railroad (DC and S); Detroit, Toledo, and Ironton Railroad; Grand Trunk Railway (GT); Green Bay and Western Railroad; H and E Railroad [probably the Huron and Eastern]; Manistique and Lake Superior Railroad; Michigan Interstate Railway Company; Michigan Northern Railway Company; Mid-Michigan Railroad; New York Central Railroad (NYC) and St. Louis Railroad (SLRR); New York Central State Railroad (NYCS); Norfolk and Western Railway Company; Northwestern Pacific Railroad; Penn Central Railroad; Southern Pacific Transportation Company; Tuscola, Saginaw Bay Railroad (TSBRR); Toledo, Owosso, and Flint Railroad (TOandFRR); Wabash Railroad, and Wisconsin Central Railroad.","Items of special interest to researchers may include: manifests of the M.V. Viking, February-August 1976, and AARTHA bylaws, meeting minutes, newsletter information, member lists, and other information (Box 1); reorganization information (see Vincent M. Malanaphy folders (Boxes 2, 4), Michigan Interstate Railway Co. and MI Rail System Rationalization Plan information (Box 4), AARR photographs (Boxes 2-3), Pamona Derailment Negatives, undated (Box 5).","Photographs, negatives, and history of a plethora of railroad related topics are found throughout the collection. There are three slide boxes and two note card boxes full of slides on railroads (Slide Boxes 1-5).","Blueprints include line, lever circuit controllers, and station design plans, styling and painting design, system maps, tracks and structures, equipment, station and train car blueprints, and property drawings.","The 2016 addition, Boxes 14-16 and Folder #21 (legal-size), 1.5 cubic feet from Don’s friend Don Maddock was organized by Maddock into the series of Abandonment Petitions and Michigan Interstate Era. Included are paper documents, scans and positive prints of some of Wilson’s negatives, a few other topical files, a CD, and three color photographs. The addition largely documents the reorganization and end of the AARR. Sale papers for the City of Milwaukee are included. Most of the 2019 addition papers are copies. Note: 2016 addition negatives are housed in print file negative preservers, not archival negative sleeves.","Researchers may be interested in knowing that there are several collections and many publications by and about the Ann Arbor Railroad in the Clarke, as well as other collections and published sources documenting other railroad companies.","Processing Note: The collection is organized by size and format, and then in alphabetical and chronological order. A few publications, two general railroad films, and a tote bag were returned to the members of the AARTHA. Some publications (24), both monographs and parts of serials, were cataloged separately and added to the Clarke’s collections. Some of the items are quite acidic or fragile, most of which were photocopied and the originals were withdrawn from the collection (.25 cubic ft. total). In a few cases, where entire folders were composed of very fragile tissue paper records or acidic records, the decision was made to leave the materials as they were without copying them. Numerous abbreviations were used by Mr. Wilson within the collection, which were replicated by the processors. Michigan was often abbreviated MI by Mr. Wilson and is used in this finding aid. See the Scope and Contents Note for abbreviations used for names of railroad companies.","The collection mostly documents Michigan railroads, focusing on the Ann Arbor Railroad Company (AARR), related lines, and its ferries in many formats. Also included are some organizational records of the Ann Arbor Railroad Technical and Historical Association (AARTHA).","Clarke Historical Library , Central Michigan University","Ann Arbor Railroad Company--History.","Ann Arbor Railroad Company--Planning.","Ann Arbor Railroad Technical and Historical Association.","Detroit, Toledo, and Ironton Railroad--History.","Tuscola and Saginaw Bay Railway Company.","American Bureau of Shipping.","Grand Trunk Corporation.","Penn Central Transportation Company.","New York Central Railroad Company.","Manistique and Lake Superior Railroad Company.","Wisconsin Central Railroad Company (1954-1960)","Wabash Railroad.","Michigan Interstate Railroad Company.","Ann Arbor No. 7 (Car ferry)","City of Milwaukee (Car ferry)","ConRail.","Michigan Northern Railway Company.","Norfolk and Western Rialway Company.","United States. Bankruptcy Court (Michigan : Eastern District)","Michigan. Dept. of Transportation.","Michigan. Dept. of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs.","Wilson, Don.","The material is in  English"],"unitid_tesim":["\nMSS.\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Don Wilson Collection\n \n1885-2015, and undated"],"collection_title_tesim":["Don Wilson Collection\n \n1885-2015, and undated"],"collection_ssim":["Don Wilson Collection\n \n1885-2015, and undated"],"repository_ssm":["Central Michigan University Clarke Historical Library"],"repository_ssim":["Central Michigan University Clarke Historical Library"],"creator_ssm":["Wilson, Don."],"creator_ssim":["Wilson, Don."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wilson, Don."],"creators_ssim":["Wilson, Don."],"acqinfo_ssim":["\nAcc # 74460, 74499, 75617 \n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Ferries--Michigan.","Ferries--Michigan, Lake.","Ferries--Great Lakes (North America)","Railroads--Michigan--History.","Railroads--Michigan--Planning.","Railroads--Abandonment--Michigan.","Railroads--History.","Railroads--United States--History.","Railroads--Employees.","Railroads--North America--Maps.","Blueprints.","Scrapbooks--Michigan."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Ferries--Michigan.","Ferries--Michigan, Lake.","Ferries--Great Lakes (North America)","Railroads--Michigan--History.","Railroads--Michigan--Planning.","Railroads--Abandonment--Michigan.","Railroads--History.","Railroads--United States--History.","Railroads--Employees.","Railroads--North America--Maps.","Blueprints.","Scrapbooks--Michigan."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["11.5 cubic ft. (in 11 boxes, 3 slide boxes, 2 note card boxes of slides, 21 Oversized folder)"],"extent_tesim":["11.5 cubic ft. (in 11 boxes, 3 slide boxes, 2 note card boxes of slides, 21 Oversized folder)"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized by size and format, and then in alphabetical and chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized by size and format, and then in alphabetical and chronological order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBiography:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDon Wilson (1937-2013) was a member of the Ann Arbor Railroad Technical and Historical Association (AARTHA). He was a veteran of the U.S. Army having served in Viet Nam and Thailand. He taught school for 30 years and coached several sports teams. He was also a member of the Chesaning-Brady Fire Department for 42 years. A copy of his obituary is found at the front of Box 1. The Clarke Historical Library houses several of his railroad and/or ferries collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_tesim":["Biography:","Don Wilson (1937-2013) was a member of the Ann Arbor Railroad Technical and Historical Association (AARTHA). He was a veteran of the U.S. Army having served in Viet Nam and Thailand. He taught school for 30 years and coached several sports teams. He was also a member of the Chesaning-Brady Fire Department for 42 years. A copy of his obituary is found at the front of Box 1. The Clarke Historical Library houses several of his railroad and/or ferries collections."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection, collected over time by Don Wilson, some of which he was given by other rail fans. The collection mostly documents Michigan railroads, focusing on the Ann Arbor Railroad Company (AARR), related lines, its reorganization, abandonment, and its ferries. Some ferry information is general such as Twin Screw Specs (Box 5), and there is information specific to the M.V. [Motor Vessel] Viking (originally Ann Arbor No. 7) and the City of Milwaukee. Formats include slides, photographs, negatives, photograph printing plates, blueprints, scrapbooks, photograph albums, speeches, notes, newspaper clippings and magazine articles, maps, digital scans and positive prints from those scans, a CD, and miscellaneous, related publications. Also included are some organizational records of the AARTHA.  Other railroads documented to various degrees in the collection include: Central Michigan Railroad (CM); Detroit, Caro and Sandusky Railroad (DC and S); Detroit, Toledo, and Ironton Railroad; Grand Trunk Railway (GT); Green Bay and Western Railroad; H and E Railroad [probably the Huron and Eastern]; Manistique and Lake Superior Railroad; Michigan Interstate Railway Company; Michigan Northern Railway Company; Mid-Michigan Railroad; New York Central Railroad (NYC) and St. Louis Railroad (SLRR); New York Central State Railroad (NYCS); Norfolk and Western Railway Company; Northwestern Pacific Railroad; Penn Central Railroad; Southern Pacific Transportation Company; Tuscola, Saginaw Bay Railroad (TSBRR); Toledo, Owosso, and Flint Railroad (TOandFRR); Wabash Railroad, and Wisconsin Central Railroad.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems of special interest to researchers may include: manifests of the M.V. Viking, February-August 1976, and AARTHA bylaws, meeting minutes, newsletter information, member lists, and other information (Box 1); reorganization information (see Vincent M. Malanaphy folders (Boxes 2, 4), Michigan Interstate Railway Co. and MI Rail System Rationalization Plan information (Box 4), AARR photographs (Boxes 2-3), Pamona Derailment Negatives, undated (Box 5).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs, negatives, and history of a plethora of railroad related topics are found throughout the collection. There are three slide boxes and two note card boxes full of slides on railroads (Slide Boxes 1-5).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlueprints include line, lever circuit controllers, and station design plans, styling and painting design, system maps, tracks and structures, equipment, station and train car blueprints, and property drawings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 2016 addition, Boxes 14-16 and Folder #21 (legal-size), 1.5 cubic feet from Don\u0026#x2019;s friend Don Maddock was organized by Maddock into the series of Abandonment Petitions and Michigan Interstate Era. Included are paper documents, scans and positive prints of some of Wilson\u0026#x2019;s negatives, a few other topical files, a CD, and three color photographs. The addition largely documents the reorganization and end of the AARR. Sale papers for the City of Milwaukee are included. Most of the 2019 addition papers are copies. Note: 2016 addition negatives are housed in print file negative preservers, not archival negative sleeves.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may be interested in knowing that there are several collections and many publications by and about the Ann Arbor Railroad in the Clarke, as well as other collections and published sources documenting other railroad companies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProcessing Note: The collection is organized by size and format, and then in alphabetical and chronological order. A few publications, two general railroad films, and a tote bag were returned to the members of the AARTHA. Some publications (24), both monographs and parts of serials, were cataloged separately and added to the Clarke\u0026#x2019;s collections. Some of the items are quite acidic or fragile, most of which were photocopied and the originals were withdrawn from the collection (.25 cubic ft. total). In a few cases, where entire folders were composed of very fragile tissue paper records or acidic records, the decision was made to leave the materials as they were without copying them. Numerous abbreviations were used by Mr. Wilson within the collection, which were replicated by the processors. Michigan was often abbreviated MI by Mr. Wilson and is used in this finding aid. See the Scope and Contents Note for abbreviations used for names of railroad companies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection, collected over time by Don Wilson, some of which he was given by other rail fans. The collection mostly documents Michigan railroads, focusing on the Ann Arbor Railroad Company (AARR), related lines, its reorganization, abandonment, and its ferries. Some ferry information is general such as Twin Screw Specs (Box 5), and there is information specific to the M.V. [Motor Vessel] Viking (originally Ann Arbor No. 7) and the City of Milwaukee. Formats include slides, photographs, negatives, photograph printing plates, blueprints, scrapbooks, photograph albums, speeches, notes, newspaper clippings and magazine articles, maps, digital scans and positive prints from those scans, a CD, and miscellaneous, related publications. Also included are some organizational records of the AARTHA.  Other railroads documented to various degrees in the collection include: Central Michigan Railroad (CM); Detroit, Caro and Sandusky Railroad (DC and S); Detroit, Toledo, and Ironton Railroad; Grand Trunk Railway (GT); Green Bay and Western Railroad; H and E Railroad [probably the Huron and Eastern]; Manistique and Lake Superior Railroad; Michigan Interstate Railway Company; Michigan Northern Railway Company; Mid-Michigan Railroad; New York Central Railroad (NYC) and St. Louis Railroad (SLRR); New York Central State Railroad (NYCS); Norfolk and Western Railway Company; Northwestern Pacific Railroad; Penn Central Railroad; Southern Pacific Transportation Company; Tuscola, Saginaw Bay Railroad (TSBRR); Toledo, Owosso, and Flint Railroad (TOandFRR); Wabash Railroad, and Wisconsin Central Railroad.","Items of special interest to researchers may include: manifests of the M.V. Viking, February-August 1976, and AARTHA bylaws, meeting minutes, newsletter information, member lists, and other information (Box 1); reorganization information (see Vincent M. Malanaphy folders (Boxes 2, 4), Michigan Interstate Railway Co. and MI Rail System Rationalization Plan information (Box 4), AARR photographs (Boxes 2-3), Pamona Derailment Negatives, undated (Box 5).","Photographs, negatives, and history of a plethora of railroad related topics are found throughout the collection. There are three slide boxes and two note card boxes full of slides on railroads (Slide Boxes 1-5).","Blueprints include line, lever circuit controllers, and station design plans, styling and painting design, system maps, tracks and structures, equipment, station and train car blueprints, and property drawings.","The 2016 addition, Boxes 14-16 and Folder #21 (legal-size), 1.5 cubic feet from Don’s friend Don Maddock was organized by Maddock into the series of Abandonment Petitions and Michigan Interstate Era. Included are paper documents, scans and positive prints of some of Wilson’s negatives, a few other topical files, a CD, and three color photographs. The addition largely documents the reorganization and end of the AARR. Sale papers for the City of Milwaukee are included. Most of the 2019 addition papers are copies. Note: 2016 addition negatives are housed in print file negative preservers, not archival negative sleeves.","Researchers may be interested in knowing that there are several collections and many publications by and about the Ann Arbor Railroad in the Clarke, as well as other collections and published sources documenting other railroad companies.","Processing Note: The collection is organized by size and format, and then in alphabetical and chronological order. A few publications, two general railroad films, and a tote bag were returned to the members of the AARTHA. Some publications (24), both monographs and parts of serials, were cataloged separately and added to the Clarke’s collections. Some of the items are quite acidic or fragile, most of which were photocopied and the originals were withdrawn from the collection (.25 cubic ft. total). In a few cases, where entire folders were composed of very fragile tissue paper records or acidic records, the decision was made to leave the materials as they were without copying them. Numerous abbreviations were used by Mr. Wilson within the collection, which were replicated by the processors. Michigan was often abbreviated MI by Mr. Wilson and is used in this finding aid. See the Scope and Contents Note for abbreviations used for names of railroad companies."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract\u003eThe collection mostly documents Michigan railroads, focusing on the Ann Arbor Railroad Company (AARR), related lines, and its ferries in many formats. Also included are some organizational records of the Ann Arbor Railroad Technical and Historical Association (AARTHA).\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection mostly documents Michigan railroads, focusing on the Ann Arbor Railroad Company (AARR), related lines, and its ferries in many formats. Also included are some organizational records of the Ann Arbor Railroad Technical and Historical Association (AARTHA)."],"names_ssim":["Clarke Historical Library , Central Michigan University","Ann Arbor Railroad Company--History.","Ann Arbor Railroad Company--Planning.","Ann Arbor Railroad Technical and Historical Association.","Detroit, Toledo, and Ironton Railroad--History.","Tuscola and Saginaw Bay Railway Company.","American Bureau of Shipping.","Grand Trunk Corporation.","Penn Central Transportation Company.","New York Central Railroad Company.","Manistique and Lake Superior Railroad Company.","Wisconsin Central Railroad Company (1954-1960)","Wabash Railroad.","Michigan Interstate Railroad Company.","Ann Arbor No. 7 (Car ferry)","City of Milwaukee (Car ferry)","ConRail.","Michigan Northern Railway Company.","Norfolk and Western Rialway Company.","United States. Bankruptcy Court (Michigan : Eastern District)","Michigan. Dept. of Transportation.","Michigan. Dept. of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs.","Wilson, Don."],"corpname_ssim":["Clarke Historical Library , Central Michigan University","Ann Arbor Railroad Company--History.","Ann Arbor Railroad Company--Planning.","Ann Arbor Railroad Technical and Historical Association.","Detroit, Toledo, and Ironton Railroad--History.","Tuscola and Saginaw Bay Railway Company.","American Bureau of Shipping.","Grand Trunk Corporation.","Penn Central Transportation Company.","New York Central Railroad Company.","Manistique and Lake Superior Railroad Company.","Wisconsin Central Railroad Company (1954-1960)","Wabash Railroad.","Michigan Interstate Railroad Company.","Ann Arbor No. 7 (Car ferry)","City of Milwaukee (Car ferry)","ConRail.","Michigan Northern Railway Company.","Norfolk and Western Rialway Company.","United States. Bankruptcy Court (Michigan : Eastern District)","Michigan. Dept. of Transportation.","Michigan. Dept. of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs."],"persname_ssim":["Wilson, Don."],"language_ssim":["The material is in  English"],"total_component_count_is":310,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"ehll--wilsondoncollectiontwo","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:25:40.103Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/ehll--wilsondoncollectiontwo_al_b2943a22e0a4d20c2c38f00aeba6a15ff91f076f"}},{"id":"umich-bhl-014_aspace_e5aa79df0b97c7f232f1b96a43d3db6b","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"People of color issues","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-bhl-014_aspace_e5aa79df0b97c7f232f1b96a43d3db6b#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"aspace_e5aa79df0b97c7f232f1b96a43d3db6b","ref_ssm":["aspace_e5aa79df0b97c7f232f1b96a43d3db6b","aspace_e5aa79df0b97c7f232f1b96a43d3db6b"],"id":"umich-bhl-014_aspace_e5aa79df0b97c7f232f1b96a43d3db6b","title_filing_ssi":"People of color issues","title_ssm":["People of color issues"],"title_tesim":["People of color issues"],"normalized_title_ssm":["People of color issues"],"text":["People of color issues","TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, 1989-1996","TEACH Michigan/Teach Michigan Education Fund","Topical File","box 4"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ssim":["umich-bhl-014","aspace_cf956795d3593ee5250e5bb0d146af8e","aspace_5910f5f526e85f8db58d0510f4c6b5ec"],"parent_ssi":"aspace_5910f5f526e85f8db58d0510f4c6b5ec","parent_ids_ssim":["umich-bhl-014","umich-bhl-014_aspace_cf956795d3593ee5250e5bb0d146af8e","umich-bhl-014_aspace_5910f5f526e85f8db58d0510f4c6b5ec"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, 1989-1996","TEACH Michigan/Teach Michigan Education Fund","Topical File"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, 1989-1996","TEACH Michigan/Teach Michigan Education Fund","Topical File"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Subgroup","Series"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. Bentley Historical Library"],"collection_ssim":["TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, 1989-1996"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":102,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Research use of the record group is restricted except with the permission of Dr. Paul DeWeese."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Donor(s) have not transferred any applicable copyright to the Regents of the University of Michigan. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials."],"containers_ssim":["box 4"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#2/components#37","_nest_parent_":"umich-bhl-014_aspace_5910f5f526e85f8db58d0510f4c6b5ec","_root_":"umich-bhl-014","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:13:12.778Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"umich-bhl-014","title_ssm":["TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records"],"title_tesim":["TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records"],"ead_ssi":"umich-bhl-014","unitdate_ssm":["1989-1996"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1989-1996"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Record Group","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["014 Bj 2"],"text":["014 Bj 2","TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, 1989-1996","Charter schools -- Michigan.","Education -- Michigan.","Public schools -- Michigan.","School choice -- Michigan.","Charter schools -- Michigan.","Debates.","Discussion.","Public affairs television programs.","School choice -- Michigan.","Sound recordings.","Videocassettes.","Research use of the record group is restricted except with the permission of Dr. Paul DeWeese.","In 1989, Dr. Paul N. DeWeese, a physician then working in Detroit, became frustrated by what he perceived to be a lack of educational choice for his own children then about to begin school. With other like-minded individuals, DeWeese formed Michigan Citizens for Choice in Education (shortly to be renamed TEACH Michigan). Incorporated as a non-profit organization in 1991, TEACH Michigan was established to lobby for changes in the law regarding school choice. Associated with TEACH Michigan was a tax-exempt sister organization - TEACH Michigan Education Fund (TMEF) - which with license to solicit charitable contributions could engage in a variety of educational, research, and planning functions."," Under DeWeese's leadership, TEACH Michigan advocated fundamental changes in the state's educational system. The core of TEACH Michigan's philosophy of education was simply stated. Parents should be allowed to choose from competing systems of schools with funding for education following the student and not automatically being given to the government-supported school system. An ambitious agenda, TEACH Michigan realized the importance of educating the public and enlisting enough grassroots support for the necessary changes in state law and in the state constitution to be made. With the law changed, there would follow competition for the education dollar resulting in non-governmental sponsorship of K-12 schools by corporations, public or private universities, parent groups or churches, as well as by the government. No longer would there be a \"government monopoly\" school system. Instead, parents would receive financial support (or vouchers) for their children to attend the school of their choice."," Although his message never wavered, DeWeese was realistic enough to realize that \"full choice\" could only come incrementally, thus his advocacy of changes in state law to allow for the creation of charter schools. Charter schools are public schools that are custom-designed by groups of teachers, parents or outside individuals to meet particular education needs. Charter schools are part of the public school system, financed on a par with other schools in the district. But for charter schools to become a reality state law would have to be changed. In December 1993, with the passage of Senate bill no. 896 (signed by the governor in January 1994), Michigan adopted the most significant restructuring of public education since the development of single-function school districts in the early 20th century. The state authorized groups of certified teachers and community leaders to form individual charter schools (public school academies) \"that are to be treated like school districts\" for the purposes of state education law. These \"single-school school districts\" could be started anywhere in the state by one or more certified teachers, a county, city, village, township, school district, community college, or state public university. Each new school would develop its own governing board, and must describe its educational goals and the standards by which its performance will be measured. Each of these academies would receive a state school aid payment for its enrolled students."," Following the passage of 896, TMEF established a sister organization, the Michigan Center for Charter Schools (MCCS), whose purpose was to promote the development of charter schools. TMEF subsidized the operation of MCCS throughout its existence. MCCS was the only organization in the state early on that was disseminating timely and accurate information about charter schools. MCCS also helped several groups move through the process of establishing a charter school. By the end of 1995, more than 60 charter school had been established with an additional 120 schools seeking charters."," In November 1994, an Ingham County circuit court judge ruled the law unconstitutional. Although the groups authorized to grant charters were government entities, the judge ruled, the day-to-day operations of schools were largely in the hands of privately elected directors and thus not directly accountable to the public. With this decision, the charter schools that had been established were left without public funding. In some cases, the schools reverted to private school status relying on tuitions and corporate donations for their support. In other cases, the state legislature, many of whose members believed that the judge's ruling would be overturned on appeal, passed emergency legislation which addressed the judge's objection to the original legislation."," In 1995, the state Board of Education contracted with the Michigan Partnership for New Education to both promote charter schools and to provide technical assistance to charter schools. The Michigan Partnership immediately asked for, and received, permission to hire the entire staff of MCCS in order to run their charter school operation. In May of 1995, MCCS ceased to operate, as its mission and staff were absorbed by the Michigan Partnership for New Education."," From its inception, TEACH Michigan knew that for real educational reform to take place from their point of view, the Michigan State Constitution (Article 8, sec. 2) would have to be revised. That provision restricted the use of public funds to government-operated schools only. With the constitution changed, TEACH Michigan hoped to secure passage of a voucher system so that parents might choose, and receive funding, for their child to attend a church-related school."," In 2000, the TEACH Michigan organization was folded into a new organization, Partnership for Learning.","This record group consists of two separate groupings (or subgroups) of records: the combined files of TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund covering the period of 1989 to 1995, and files of the charter school support group, Michigan Center for Charter Schools covering the years 1994-1995. Both organizations operated out of the same office in Lansing and included some of the same individuals as board members. The TM/TMEF files consist in great part of papers of Dr. Paul N. DeWeese, a principal founder of the organization. The MCCS files are largely papers of executive director Barbara Barrett as well as DeWeese. Together, the record group contains correspondence, policy statements, organizational and activity files, collected materials, sound and video materials, all relating to the efforts of the two organizations first to educate and lobby for changes in the law, and second to provide assistance and support in the establishment of charter schools. The records date from the inception of the organization to 1995. The subsequent records of TEACH Michigan remain with the organization.","Donor(s) have not transferred any applicable copyright to the Regents of the University of Michigan. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials.","Organization established in 1989 by Paul N. DeWeese and others to lobby for changes in state law and the state constitution to allow parents to choose between competing schools. The record group also contains records of the Michigan Center for Charter Schools, sister organization to TEACH Michigan, established to promote the development of charter schools in the state. The record group includes Informational materials detailing mission and goals of the TEACH Michigan organization; organizational files; topical files; correspondence; speeches and articles about school choice and the state charter school movement; and audio and video cassettes of TM presentations and appearances of Paul DeWeese on radio and television programs. Also included are the organizational records of the Michigan Center for Charter Schools.","Offsite storage; prior notification required for access","Bentley Historical Library","TEACH Michigan.","Michigan Center for Charter Schools.","TEACH Michigan Education Fund.","DeWeese, Paul N.","English","The materials are in  English."],"unitid_tesim":["014 Bj 2"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1989-1996"],"normalized_title_ssm":["TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, 1989-1996"],"collection_title_tesim":["TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, 1989-1996"],"collection_ssim":["TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, 1989-1996"],"repository_ssm":["University of Michigan. Bentley Historical Library"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. Bentley Historical Library"],"creator_ssm":["TEACH Michigan."],"creator_ssim":["TEACH Michigan."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["TEACH Michigan."],"creators_ssim":["TEACH Michigan."],"access_terms_ssm":["Donor(s) have not transferred any applicable copyright to the Regents of the University of Michigan. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The record group came to the library from Partnership for Learning (formerly TEACH Michigan) in December 2000. Donor no.  9038"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Charter schools -- Michigan.","Education -- Michigan.","Public schools -- Michigan.","School choice -- Michigan.","Charter schools -- Michigan.","Debates.","Discussion.","Public affairs television programs.","School choice -- Michigan.","Sound recordings.","Videocassettes."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Charter schools -- Michigan.","Education -- Michigan.","Public schools -- Michigan.","School choice -- Michigan.","Charter schools -- Michigan.","Debates.","Discussion.","Public affairs television programs.","School choice -- Michigan.","Sound recordings.","Videocassettes."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13 linear feet"],"extent_tesim":["13 linear feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Sound recordings.","Videocassettes."],"date_range_isim":[1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearch use of the record group is restricted except with the permission of Dr. Paul DeWeese.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Research use of the record group is restricted except with the permission of Dr. Paul DeWeese."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1989, Dr. Paul N. DeWeese, a physician then working in Detroit, became frustrated by what he perceived to be a lack of educational choice for his own children then about to begin school. With other like-minded individuals, DeWeese formed Michigan Citizens for Choice in Education (shortly to be renamed TEACH Michigan). Incorporated as a non-profit organization in 1991, TEACH Michigan was established to lobby for changes in the law regarding school choice. Associated with TEACH Michigan was a tax-exempt sister organization - TEACH Michigan Education Fund (TMEF) - which with license to solicit charitable contributions could engage in a variety of educational, research, and planning functions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Under DeWeese's leadership, TEACH Michigan advocated fundamental changes in the state's educational system. The core of TEACH Michigan's philosophy of education was simply stated. Parents should be allowed to choose from competing systems of schools with funding for education following the student and not automatically being given to the government-supported school system. An ambitious agenda, TEACH Michigan realized the importance of educating the public and enlisting enough grassroots support for the necessary changes in state law and in the state constitution to be made. With the law changed, there would follow competition for the education dollar resulting in non-governmental sponsorship of K-12 schools by corporations, public or private universities, parent groups or churches, as well as by the government. No longer would there be a \"government monopoly\" school system. Instead, parents would receive financial support (or vouchers) for their children to attend the school of their choice.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Although his message never wavered, DeWeese was realistic enough to realize that \"full choice\" could only come incrementally, thus his advocacy of changes in state law to allow for the creation of charter schools. Charter schools are public schools that are custom-designed by groups of teachers, parents or outside individuals to meet particular education needs. Charter schools are part of the public school system, financed on a par with other schools in the district. But for charter schools to become a reality state law would have to be changed. In December 1993, with the passage of Senate bill no. 896 (signed by the governor in January 1994), Michigan adopted the most significant restructuring of public education since the development of single-function school districts in the early 20th century. The state authorized groups of certified teachers and community leaders to form individual charter schools (public school academies) \"that are to be treated like school districts\" for the purposes of state education law. These \"single-school school districts\" could be started anywhere in the state by one or more certified teachers, a county, city, village, township, school district, community college, or state public university. Each new school would develop its own governing board, and must describe its educational goals and the standards by which its performance will be measured. Each of these academies would receive a state school aid payment for its enrolled students.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Following the passage of 896, TMEF established a sister organization, the Michigan Center for Charter Schools (MCCS), whose purpose was to promote the development of charter schools. TMEF subsidized the operation of MCCS throughout its existence. MCCS was the only organization in the state early on that was disseminating timely and accurate information about charter schools. MCCS also helped several groups move through the process of establishing a charter school. By the end of 1995, more than 60 charter school had been established with an additional 120 schools seeking charters.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In November 1994, an Ingham County circuit court judge ruled the law unconstitutional. Although the groups authorized to grant charters were government entities, the judge ruled, the day-to-day operations of schools were largely in the hands of privately elected directors and thus not directly accountable to the public. With this decision, the charter schools that had been established were left without public funding. In some cases, the schools reverted to private school status relying on tuitions and corporate donations for their support. In other cases, the state legislature, many of whose members believed that the judge's ruling would be overturned on appeal, passed emergency legislation which addressed the judge's objection to the original legislation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In 1995, the state Board of Education contracted with the Michigan Partnership for New Education to both promote charter schools and to provide technical assistance to charter schools. The Michigan Partnership immediately asked for, and received, permission to hire the entire staff of MCCS in order to run their charter school operation. In May of 1995, MCCS ceased to operate, as its mission and staff were absorbed by the Michigan Partnership for New Education.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e From its inception, TEACH Michigan knew that for real educational reform to take place from their point of view, the Michigan State Constitution (Article 8, sec. 2) would have to be revised. That provision restricted the use of public funds to government-operated schools only. With the constitution changed, TEACH Michigan hoped to secure passage of a voucher system so that parents might choose, and receive funding, for their child to attend a church-related school.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In 2000, the TEACH Michigan organization was folded into a new organization, Partnership for Learning.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1989, Dr. Paul N. DeWeese, a physician then working in Detroit, became frustrated by what he perceived to be a lack of educational choice for his own children then about to begin school. With other like-minded individuals, DeWeese formed Michigan Citizens for Choice in Education (shortly to be renamed TEACH Michigan). Incorporated as a non-profit organization in 1991, TEACH Michigan was established to lobby for changes in the law regarding school choice. Associated with TEACH Michigan was a tax-exempt sister organization - TEACH Michigan Education Fund (TMEF) - which with license to solicit charitable contributions could engage in a variety of educational, research, and planning functions."," Under DeWeese's leadership, TEACH Michigan advocated fundamental changes in the state's educational system. The core of TEACH Michigan's philosophy of education was simply stated. Parents should be allowed to choose from competing systems of schools with funding for education following the student and not automatically being given to the government-supported school system. An ambitious agenda, TEACH Michigan realized the importance of educating the public and enlisting enough grassroots support for the necessary changes in state law and in the state constitution to be made. With the law changed, there would follow competition for the education dollar resulting in non-governmental sponsorship of K-12 schools by corporations, public or private universities, parent groups or churches, as well as by the government. No longer would there be a \"government monopoly\" school system. Instead, parents would receive financial support (or vouchers) for their children to attend the school of their choice."," Although his message never wavered, DeWeese was realistic enough to realize that \"full choice\" could only come incrementally, thus his advocacy of changes in state law to allow for the creation of charter schools. Charter schools are public schools that are custom-designed by groups of teachers, parents or outside individuals to meet particular education needs. Charter schools are part of the public school system, financed on a par with other schools in the district. But for charter schools to become a reality state law would have to be changed. In December 1993, with the passage of Senate bill no. 896 (signed by the governor in January 1994), Michigan adopted the most significant restructuring of public education since the development of single-function school districts in the early 20th century. The state authorized groups of certified teachers and community leaders to form individual charter schools (public school academies) \"that are to be treated like school districts\" for the purposes of state education law. These \"single-school school districts\" could be started anywhere in the state by one or more certified teachers, a county, city, village, township, school district, community college, or state public university. Each new school would develop its own governing board, and must describe its educational goals and the standards by which its performance will be measured. Each of these academies would receive a state school aid payment for its enrolled students."," Following the passage of 896, TMEF established a sister organization, the Michigan Center for Charter Schools (MCCS), whose purpose was to promote the development of charter schools. TMEF subsidized the operation of MCCS throughout its existence. MCCS was the only organization in the state early on that was disseminating timely and accurate information about charter schools. MCCS also helped several groups move through the process of establishing a charter school. By the end of 1995, more than 60 charter school had been established with an additional 120 schools seeking charters."," In November 1994, an Ingham County circuit court judge ruled the law unconstitutional. Although the groups authorized to grant charters were government entities, the judge ruled, the day-to-day operations of schools were largely in the hands of privately elected directors and thus not directly accountable to the public. With this decision, the charter schools that had been established were left without public funding. In some cases, the schools reverted to private school status relying on tuitions and corporate donations for their support. In other cases, the state legislature, many of whose members believed that the judge's ruling would be overturned on appeal, passed emergency legislation which addressed the judge's objection to the original legislation."," In 1995, the state Board of Education contracted with the Michigan Partnership for New Education to both promote charter schools and to provide technical assistance to charter schools. The Michigan Partnership immediately asked for, and received, permission to hire the entire staff of MCCS in order to run their charter school operation. In May of 1995, MCCS ceased to operate, as its mission and staff were absorbed by the Michigan Partnership for New Education."," From its inception, TEACH Michigan knew that for real educational reform to take place from their point of view, the Michigan State Constitution (Article 8, sec. 2) would have to be revised. That provision restricted the use of public funds to government-operated schools only. With the constitution changed, TEACH Michigan hoped to secure passage of a voucher system so that parents might choose, and receive funding, for their child to attend a church-related school."," In 2000, the TEACH Michigan organization was folded into a new organization, Partnership for Learning."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eitem, folder title, box no., TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["item, folder title, box no., TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis record group consists of two separate groupings (or subgroups) of records: the combined files of TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund covering the period of 1989 to 1995, and files of the charter school support group, Michigan Center for Charter Schools covering the years 1994-1995. Both organizations operated out of the same office in Lansing and included some of the same individuals as board members. The TM/TMEF files consist in great part of papers of Dr. Paul N. DeWeese, a principal founder of the organization. The MCCS files are largely papers of executive director Barbara Barrett as well as DeWeese. Together, the record group contains correspondence, policy statements, organizational and activity files, collected materials, sound and video materials, all relating to the efforts of the two organizations first to educate and lobby for changes in the law, and second to provide assistance and support in the establishment of charter schools. The records date from the inception of the organization to 1995. The subsequent records of TEACH Michigan remain with the organization.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This record group consists of two separate groupings (or subgroups) of records: the combined files of TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund covering the period of 1989 to 1995, and files of the charter school support group, Michigan Center for Charter Schools covering the years 1994-1995. Both organizations operated out of the same office in Lansing and included some of the same individuals as board members. The TM/TMEF files consist in great part of papers of Dr. Paul N. DeWeese, a principal founder of the organization. The MCCS files are largely papers of executive director Barbara Barrett as well as DeWeese. Together, the record group contains correspondence, policy statements, organizational and activity files, collected materials, sound and video materials, all relating to the efforts of the two organizations first to educate and lobby for changes in the law, and second to provide assistance and support in the establishment of charter schools. The records date from the inception of the organization to 1995. The subsequent records of TEACH Michigan remain with the organization."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDonor(s) have not transferred any applicable copyright to the Regents of the University of Michigan. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Donor(s) have not transferred any applicable copyright to the Regents of the University of Michigan. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_85c28ec7f064d103fc6a1b17b4c73c99\"\u003eOrganization established in 1989 by Paul N. DeWeese and others to lobby for changes in state law and the state constitution to allow parents to choose between competing schools. The record group also contains records of the Michigan Center for Charter Schools, sister organization to TEACH Michigan, established to promote the development of charter schools in the state. The record group includes Informational materials detailing mission and goals of the TEACH Michigan organization; organizational files; topical files; correspondence; speeches and articles about school choice and the state charter school movement; and audio and video cassettes of TM presentations and appearances of Paul DeWeese on radio and television programs. Also included are the organizational records of the Michigan Center for Charter Schools.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Organization established in 1989 by Paul N. DeWeese and others to lobby for changes in state law and the state constitution to allow parents to choose between competing schools. The record group also contains records of the Michigan Center for Charter Schools, sister organization to TEACH Michigan, established to promote the development of charter schools in the state. The record group includes Informational materials detailing mission and goals of the TEACH Michigan organization; organizational files; topical files; correspondence; speeches and articles about school choice and the state charter school movement; and audio and video cassettes of TM presentations and appearances of Paul DeWeese on radio and television programs. Also included are the organizational records of the Michigan Center for Charter Schools."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_4f9a3a50370f108b16342d0e56be5abb\"\u003eOffsite storage; prior notification required for access\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Offsite storage; prior notification required for access"],"names_coll_ssim":["Michigan Center for Charter Schools.","TEACH Michigan.","TEACH Michigan Education Fund.","TEACH Michigan.","Michigan Center for Charter Schools.","TEACH Michigan Education Fund.","DeWeese, Paul N.","DeWeese, Paul N.","DeWeese, Paul N."],"names_ssim":["Bentley Historical Library","TEACH Michigan.","Michigan Center for Charter Schools.","TEACH Michigan Education Fund.","DeWeese, Paul N."],"corpname_ssim":["Bentley Historical Library","TEACH Michigan.","Michigan Center for Charter Schools.","TEACH Michigan Education Fund."],"persname_ssim":["DeWeese, Paul N."],"language_ssim":["English","The materials are in  English."],"total_component_count_is":279,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"umich-bhl-014","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:13:12.778Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-bhl-014_aspace_e5aa79df0b97c7f232f1b96a43d3db6b"}},{"id":"umich-bhl-0234_aspace_24b1ddfc24623836216891dabb29528f","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"People of the State of California vs. Sirhan court documents, 1968-1970","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-bhl-0234_aspace_24b1ddfc24623836216891dabb29528f#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"aspace_24b1ddfc24623836216891dabb29528f","ref_ssm":["aspace_24b1ddfc24623836216891dabb29528f","aspace_24b1ddfc24623836216891dabb29528f"],"id":"umich-bhl-0234_aspace_24b1ddfc24623836216891dabb29528f","title_filing_ssi":"People of the State of California vs. Sirhan court documents","title_ssm":["People of the State of California vs. Sirhan court documents"],"title_tesim":["People of the State of California vs. Sirhan court documents"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1968-1970"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1968-1970"],"normalized_title_ssm":["People of the State of California vs. Sirhan court documents, 1968-1970"],"text":["People of the State of California vs. Sirhan court documents, 1968-1970","Abdeen Jabara papers, 1956-1994, bulk 1968-1993","Litigation/Court Cases","Sirhan B. Sirhan Defense","box 1"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ssim":["umich-bhl-0234","aspace_6ecf7d59a1116af0e6f62f241e4914fa","aspace_03b0dba5c766a8934a56a164d62784ee"],"parent_ssi":"aspace_03b0dba5c766a8934a56a164d62784ee","parent_ids_ssim":["umich-bhl-0234","umich-bhl-0234_aspace_6ecf7d59a1116af0e6f62f241e4914fa","umich-bhl-0234_aspace_03b0dba5c766a8934a56a164d62784ee"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Abdeen Jabara papers, 1956-1994, bulk 1968-1993","Litigation/Court Cases","Sirhan B. Sirhan Defense"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Abdeen Jabara papers, 1956-1994, bulk 1968-1993","Litigation/Court Cases","Sirhan B. Sirhan Defense"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. Bentley Historical Library"],"collection_ssim":["Abdeen Jabara papers, 1956-1994, bulk 1968-1993"],"extent_ssm":["2 folders"],"extent_tesim":["2 folders"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":12,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to research except for indicated restricted files which require the written permission of the donor for access. These files open with the passing of Mr. Jabara."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Abdeen M. Jabara reserves copyright during his lifetime. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials."],"date_range_isim":[1968,1969,1970],"containers_ssim":["box 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#9","_nest_parent_":"umich-bhl-0234_aspace_03b0dba5c766a8934a56a164d62784ee","_root_":"umich-bhl-0234","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:13:16.849Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"umich-bhl-0234","title_ssm":["Abdeen Jabara papers"],"title_tesim":["Abdeen Jabara papers"],"ead_ssi":"umich-bhl-0234","unitdate_ssm":["1956-1994","1968-1993"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1968-1993"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1956-1994"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["0234 Aa 2"],"text":["0234 Aa 2","Abdeen Jabara papers, 1956-1994, bulk 1968-1993","Israel -- Relations -- Lebanon.","Lebanon -- Relations -- Israel.","Arab Americans -- Civil rights.","Arab Americans -- Michigan.","Human rights -- Israel.","Human rights -- Palestine.","Lawyers -- Michigan.","Photographs.","The collection is open to research except for indicated restricted files which require the written permission of the donor for access. These files open with the passing of Mr. Jabara.","No further additions to the papers are expected.","Abdeen M. Jabara was born in Mancelona, Michigan in 1940 to Lebanese parents who had immigrated to the United States in the early 20th century, eventually settling in northern Michigan. Jabara took an interest in Middle Eastern affairs throughout his youth and upon graduation from high school in 1958 decided to attend the University of Michigan, largely because the school offered courses in Arabic and had a prominent Arab student population. During his early undergraduate years Jabara determined that in order to learn the Arabic language properly he would have to immerse himself in that culture and so he spent five months living in Cairo, Egypt. He then journeyed by freighter to Lebanon to visit his father's village, where he met his uncle for the first time."," Upon returning from this trip, Jabara's focus centered more on the completion of his undergraduate education at Michigan than on Middle East issues. However, during his years of law school at Wayne State University in Detroit he gradually became more involved with civil rights issues and founded a local chapter of the Civil Rights Research Council. He graduated from law school in 1965 and returned to Lebanon to further develop his Arabic language skills through additional schooling."," Jabara returned to Detroit in 1966 to open his law practice. In 1967, the Arab-Israeli war and the anti-Arab sentiment it created prompted Jabara to become heavily involved with Arab-American issues. Academics of Arab heritage met at the University of Michigan to discuss the political situation and formed the Association of Arab-American University Graduates (AAUG) in 1968. The mission of the AAUG was to promote educational and cultural activities and information about the Arab world and the Arab-American community. Jabara served as the first executive secretary and was later elected president of the group in 1972."," In 1970, Jabara joined the law firm of Lafferty, Reosti, Jabara, Papakhian, Stickgold, James and Smith in Detroit. For the next decade and a half he would fight for the rights of Arabs living or traveling in the United States as well as political activists in general. He did so by challenging the practice of collecting information and maintaining surveillance of Arabs and Arab Americans by such institutions as the Detroit and Michigan State Police, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and the Secretary of State. Jabara's own case against the FBI, for which he enlisted the help of the ACLU, finally ended in victory in 1984 with the FBI agreeing to destroy his file and acknowledging that collecting the information found within the file violated his constitutional rights."," Throughout his legal career Jabara would take on nationally prominent cases of Arabs and Arab-Americans. Such cases included Sirhan B. Sirhan, convicted in the assassination of Robert F. Kennedy in 1968, and Ziad Abu Eain, wanted for extradition to Israel for a 1979 Palestine Liberation Organization bombing."," Jabara was also involved in the National Lawyer's Guild, an organization founded as an alternative to the more conservative American Bar Association. In 1977 he traveled to Lebanon, Jordan, Israel and the Occupied Territories as part of the NLG's Middle East delegation to report on the condition and treatment of Palestinians living in the Occupied Territories. Jabara became president of the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee in 1986. The ADC, founded by former Senator James Abourezk in 1980, devoted itself to the protection of the rights of people of Arab descent and promoting their cultural heritage. Jabara now (2002) works for the ADC Research Institute in Washington D.C. He recently worked as part of the defense team for Omar Ahmad Ali Abdel Rahman, accused of plotting to blow up New York City landmarks and the 1993 bombing of the World Trade Center. Jabara resides in New York City.","The collection has been divided into two series: Litigation/Court Cases and Political and Cultural Activities. The many files of correspondence and press clippings document the types of legal and political battles and causes that Jabara has tackled throughout his career. A limited amount of material in the collection is in Arabic, mostly correspondence and press clippings, and is noted as such in the contents list.","Abdeen M. Jabara reserves copyright during his lifetime. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials.","New York attorney originally based in Detroit. Jabara was concerned with issues of civil rights of Arab Americans and the rights of Arabs living or traveling in the United States. He challenged practice of law enforcement agencies to collect information and maintain surveillance of Arabs and Arab Americans. Jabara was involved in the murder trial of Sirhan Sirhan and the extradition case of Ziad Abu Eain. Litigation and case files; subject files regarding his Arab American activism, organizational involvements, and participation in the Middle East delegation of the National Lawyers Guild.","Bentley Historical Library","American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee.","B'nai B'rith. Anti-defamation League.","National Lawyers Guild.","Jabara, Abdeen.","Abu Ayn, Ziyad.","Jabara, Abdeen, 1940-","Sirhan, Sirhan Bishara, 1944- -- Trials, litigation, etc.","English","The material is in  English  and  Arabic ."],"unitid_tesim":["0234 Aa 2"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1956-1994, bulk 1968-1993"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Abdeen Jabara papers, 1956-1994, bulk 1968-1993"],"collection_title_tesim":["Abdeen Jabara papers, 1956-1994, bulk 1968-1993"],"collection_ssim":["Abdeen Jabara papers, 1956-1994, bulk 1968-1993"],"repository_ssm":["University of Michigan. Bentley Historical Library"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. Bentley Historical Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Israel -- Relations -- Lebanon.","Lebanon -- Relations -- Israel."],"geogname_ssim":["Israel -- Relations -- Lebanon.","Lebanon -- Relations -- Israel."],"creator_ssm":["Jabara, Abdeen."],"creator_ssim":["Jabara, Abdeen."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Jabara, Abdeen."],"creators_ssim":["Jabara, Abdeen."],"places_ssim":["Israel -- Relations -- Lebanon.","Lebanon -- Relations -- Israel."],"access_terms_ssm":["Abdeen M. Jabara reserves copyright during his lifetime. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was donated by Abdeen M. Jabara (Donor No.  9120 ) and came to the library in August, 2001. Additions were received in 2007 and in 2012."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Arab Americans -- Civil rights.","Arab Americans -- Michigan.","Human rights -- Israel.","Human rights -- Palestine.","Lawyers -- Michigan.","Photographs."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Arab Americans -- Civil rights.","Arab Americans -- Michigan.","Human rights -- Israel.","Human rights -- Palestine.","Lawyers -- Michigan.","Photographs."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["14.4 linear feet"],"extent_tesim":["14.4 linear feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs."],"date_range_isim":[1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research except for indicated restricted files which require the written permission of the donor for access. These files open with the passing of Mr. Jabara.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research except for indicated restricted files which require the written permission of the donor for access. These files open with the passing of Mr. Jabara."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo further additions to the papers are expected.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"accruals_tesim":["No further additions to the papers are expected."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAbdeen M. Jabara was born in Mancelona, Michigan in 1940 to Lebanese parents who had immigrated to the United States in the early 20th century, eventually settling in northern Michigan. Jabara took an interest in Middle Eastern affairs throughout his youth and upon graduation from high school in 1958 decided to attend the University of Michigan, largely because the school offered courses in Arabic and had a prominent Arab student population. During his early undergraduate years Jabara determined that in order to learn the Arabic language properly he would have to immerse himself in that culture and so he spent five months living in Cairo, Egypt. He then journeyed by freighter to Lebanon to visit his father's village, where he met his uncle for the first time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Upon returning from this trip, Jabara's focus centered more on the completion of his undergraduate education at Michigan than on Middle East issues. However, during his years of law school at Wayne State University in Detroit he gradually became more involved with civil rights issues and founded a local chapter of the Civil Rights Research Council. He graduated from law school in 1965 and returned to Lebanon to further develop his Arabic language skills through additional schooling.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Jabara returned to Detroit in 1966 to open his law practice. In 1967, the Arab-Israeli war and the anti-Arab sentiment it created prompted Jabara to become heavily involved with Arab-American issues. Academics of Arab heritage met at the University of Michigan to discuss the political situation and formed the Association of Arab-American University Graduates (AAUG) in 1968. The mission of the AAUG was to promote educational and cultural activities and information about the Arab world and the Arab-American community. Jabara served as the first executive secretary and was later elected president of the group in 1972.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In 1970, Jabara joined the law firm of Lafferty, Reosti, Jabara, Papakhian, Stickgold, James and Smith in Detroit. For the next decade and a half he would fight for the rights of Arabs living or traveling in the United States as well as political activists in general. He did so by challenging the practice of collecting information and maintaining surveillance of Arabs and Arab Americans by such institutions as the Detroit and Michigan State Police, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and the Secretary of State. Jabara's own case against the FBI, for which he enlisted the help of the ACLU, finally ended in victory in 1984 with the FBI agreeing to destroy his file and acknowledging that collecting the information found within the file violated his constitutional rights.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Throughout his legal career Jabara would take on nationally prominent cases of Arabs and Arab-Americans. Such cases included Sirhan B. Sirhan, convicted in the assassination of Robert F. Kennedy in 1968, and Ziad Abu Eain, wanted for extradition to Israel for a 1979 Palestine Liberation Organization bombing.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Jabara was also involved in the National Lawyer's Guild, an organization founded as an alternative to the more conservative American Bar Association. In 1977 he traveled to Lebanon, Jordan, Israel and the Occupied Territories as part of the NLG's Middle East delegation to report on the condition and treatment of Palestinians living in the Occupied Territories. Jabara became president of the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee in 1986. The ADC, founded by former Senator James Abourezk in 1980, devoted itself to the protection of the rights of people of Arab descent and promoting their cultural heritage. Jabara now (2002) works for the ADC Research Institute in Washington D.C. He recently worked as part of the defense team for Omar Ahmad Ali Abdel Rahman, accused of plotting to blow up New York City landmarks and the 1993 bombing of the World Trade Center. Jabara resides in New York City.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Abdeen M. Jabara was born in Mancelona, Michigan in 1940 to Lebanese parents who had immigrated to the United States in the early 20th century, eventually settling in northern Michigan. Jabara took an interest in Middle Eastern affairs throughout his youth and upon graduation from high school in 1958 decided to attend the University of Michigan, largely because the school offered courses in Arabic and had a prominent Arab student population. During his early undergraduate years Jabara determined that in order to learn the Arabic language properly he would have to immerse himself in that culture and so he spent five months living in Cairo, Egypt. He then journeyed by freighter to Lebanon to visit his father's village, where he met his uncle for the first time."," Upon returning from this trip, Jabara's focus centered more on the completion of his undergraduate education at Michigan than on Middle East issues. However, during his years of law school at Wayne State University in Detroit he gradually became more involved with civil rights issues and founded a local chapter of the Civil Rights Research Council. He graduated from law school in 1965 and returned to Lebanon to further develop his Arabic language skills through additional schooling."," Jabara returned to Detroit in 1966 to open his law practice. In 1967, the Arab-Israeli war and the anti-Arab sentiment it created prompted Jabara to become heavily involved with Arab-American issues. Academics of Arab heritage met at the University of Michigan to discuss the political situation and formed the Association of Arab-American University Graduates (AAUG) in 1968. The mission of the AAUG was to promote educational and cultural activities and information about the Arab world and the Arab-American community. Jabara served as the first executive secretary and was later elected president of the group in 1972."," In 1970, Jabara joined the law firm of Lafferty, Reosti, Jabara, Papakhian, Stickgold, James and Smith in Detroit. For the next decade and a half he would fight for the rights of Arabs living or traveling in the United States as well as political activists in general. He did so by challenging the practice of collecting information and maintaining surveillance of Arabs and Arab Americans by such institutions as the Detroit and Michigan State Police, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and the Secretary of State. Jabara's own case against the FBI, for which he enlisted the help of the ACLU, finally ended in victory in 1984 with the FBI agreeing to destroy his file and acknowledging that collecting the information found within the file violated his constitutional rights."," Throughout his legal career Jabara would take on nationally prominent cases of Arabs and Arab-Americans. Such cases included Sirhan B. Sirhan, convicted in the assassination of Robert F. Kennedy in 1968, and Ziad Abu Eain, wanted for extradition to Israel for a 1979 Palestine Liberation Organization bombing."," Jabara was also involved in the National Lawyer's Guild, an organization founded as an alternative to the more conservative American Bar Association. In 1977 he traveled to Lebanon, Jordan, Israel and the Occupied Territories as part of the NLG's Middle East delegation to report on the condition and treatment of Palestinians living in the Occupied Territories. Jabara became president of the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee in 1986. The ADC, founded by former Senator James Abourezk in 1980, devoted itself to the protection of the rights of people of Arab descent and promoting their cultural heritage. Jabara now (2002) works for the ADC Research Institute in Washington D.C. He recently worked as part of the defense team for Omar Ahmad Ali Abdel Rahman, accused of plotting to blow up New York City landmarks and the 1993 bombing of the World Trade Center. Jabara resides in New York City."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[item], folder, box, Abdeen Jabara papers, Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[item], folder, box, Abdeen Jabara papers, Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection has been divided into two series: Litigation/Court Cases and Political and Cultural Activities. The many files of correspondence and press clippings document the types of legal and political battles and causes that Jabara has tackled throughout his career. A limited amount of material in the collection is in Arabic, mostly correspondence and press clippings, and is noted as such in the contents list.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection has been divided into two series: Litigation/Court Cases and Political and Cultural Activities. The many files of correspondence and press clippings document the types of legal and political battles and causes that Jabara has tackled throughout his career. A limited amount of material in the collection is in Arabic, mostly correspondence and press clippings, and is noted as such in the contents list."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAbdeen M. Jabara reserves copyright during his lifetime. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Abdeen M. Jabara reserves copyright during his lifetime. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c5e379c29afd7cfcdefb5c46ebbbf0dc\"\u003eNew York attorney originally based in Detroit. Jabara was concerned with issues of civil rights of Arab Americans and the rights of Arabs living or traveling in the United States. He challenged practice of law enforcement agencies to collect information and maintain surveillance of Arabs and Arab Americans. Jabara was involved in the murder trial of Sirhan Sirhan and the extradition case of Ziad Abu Eain. Litigation and case files; subject files regarding his Arab American activism, organizational involvements, and participation in the Middle East delegation of the National Lawyers Guild.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["New York attorney originally based in Detroit. Jabara was concerned with issues of civil rights of Arab Americans and the rights of Arabs living or traveling in the United States. He challenged practice of law enforcement agencies to collect information and maintain surveillance of Arabs and Arab Americans. Jabara was involved in the murder trial of Sirhan Sirhan and the extradition case of Ziad Abu Eain. Litigation and case files; subject files regarding his Arab American activism, organizational involvements, and participation in the Middle East delegation of the National Lawyers Guild."],"names_coll_ssim":["American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee.","B'nai B'rith. Anti-defamation League.","National Lawyers Guild.","Abu Ayn, Ziyad.","Jabara, Abdeen, 1940-","Sirhan, Sirhan Bishara, 1944- -- Trials, litigation, etc."],"names_ssim":["Bentley Historical Library","American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee.","B'nai B'rith. Anti-defamation League.","National Lawyers Guild.","Jabara, Abdeen.","Abu Ayn, Ziyad.","Jabara, Abdeen, 1940-","Sirhan, Sirhan Bishara, 1944- -- Trials, litigation, etc."],"corpname_ssim":["Bentley Historical Library","American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee.","B'nai B'rith. Anti-defamation League.","National Lawyers Guild."],"persname_ssim":["Jabara, Abdeen.","Abu Ayn, Ziyad.","Jabara, Abdeen, 1940-","Sirhan, Sirhan Bishara, 1944- -- Trials, litigation, etc."],"language_ssim":["English","The material is in  English  and  Arabic ."],"descrules_ssm":["Finding aid prepared using Describing Archives: A Content Standard (DACS)"],"total_component_count_is":253,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"umich-bhl-0234","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:13:16.849Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-bhl-0234_aspace_24b1ddfc24623836216891dabb29528f"}},{"id":"umich-bhl-014_aspace_3043b24e39a73255c07159232cbd42eb","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"People's Community Baptist Church","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-bhl-014_aspace_3043b24e39a73255c07159232cbd42eb#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"aspace_3043b24e39a73255c07159232cbd42eb","ref_ssm":["aspace_3043b24e39a73255c07159232cbd42eb","aspace_3043b24e39a73255c07159232cbd42eb"],"id":"umich-bhl-014_aspace_3043b24e39a73255c07159232cbd42eb","title_filing_ssi":"People's Community Baptist Church","title_ssm":["People's Community Baptist Church"],"title_tesim":["People's Community Baptist Church"],"normalized_title_ssm":["People's Community Baptist Church"],"text":["People's Community Baptist Church","TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, 1989-1996","Michigan Center for Charter Schools","Charter Schools-Governing entities","box 13"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ssim":["umich-bhl-014","aspace_5954350cdf9272a6329ba20a2520d6c7","aspace_933bee395056ae58faaf33f41b83c1fe"],"parent_ssi":"aspace_933bee395056ae58faaf33f41b83c1fe","parent_ids_ssim":["umich-bhl-014","umich-bhl-014_aspace_5954350cdf9272a6329ba20a2520d6c7","umich-bhl-014_aspace_933bee395056ae58faaf33f41b83c1fe"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, 1989-1996","Michigan Center for Charter Schools","Charter Schools-Governing entities"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, 1989-1996","Michigan Center for Charter Schools","Charter Schools-Governing entities"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Subgroup","Series"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. Bentley Historical Library"],"collection_ssim":["TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, 1989-1996"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":212,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Research use of the record group is restricted except with the permission of Dr. Paul DeWeese."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Donor(s) have not transferred any applicable copyright to the Regents of the University of Michigan. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials."],"containers_ssim":["box 13"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#5/components#3","_nest_parent_":"umich-bhl-014_aspace_933bee395056ae58faaf33f41b83c1fe","_root_":"umich-bhl-014","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:13:12.778Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"umich-bhl-014","title_ssm":["TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records"],"title_tesim":["TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records"],"ead_ssi":"umich-bhl-014","unitdate_ssm":["1989-1996"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1989-1996"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Record Group","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["014 Bj 2"],"text":["014 Bj 2","TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, 1989-1996","Charter schools -- Michigan.","Education -- Michigan.","Public schools -- Michigan.","School choice -- Michigan.","Charter schools -- Michigan.","Debates.","Discussion.","Public affairs television programs.","School choice -- Michigan.","Sound recordings.","Videocassettes.","Research use of the record group is restricted except with the permission of Dr. Paul DeWeese.","In 1989, Dr. Paul N. DeWeese, a physician then working in Detroit, became frustrated by what he perceived to be a lack of educational choice for his own children then about to begin school. With other like-minded individuals, DeWeese formed Michigan Citizens for Choice in Education (shortly to be renamed TEACH Michigan). Incorporated as a non-profit organization in 1991, TEACH Michigan was established to lobby for changes in the law regarding school choice. Associated with TEACH Michigan was a tax-exempt sister organization - TEACH Michigan Education Fund (TMEF) - which with license to solicit charitable contributions could engage in a variety of educational, research, and planning functions."," Under DeWeese's leadership, TEACH Michigan advocated fundamental changes in the state's educational system. The core of TEACH Michigan's philosophy of education was simply stated. Parents should be allowed to choose from competing systems of schools with funding for education following the student and not automatically being given to the government-supported school system. An ambitious agenda, TEACH Michigan realized the importance of educating the public and enlisting enough grassroots support for the necessary changes in state law and in the state constitution to be made. With the law changed, there would follow competition for the education dollar resulting in non-governmental sponsorship of K-12 schools by corporations, public or private universities, parent groups or churches, as well as by the government. No longer would there be a \"government monopoly\" school system. Instead, parents would receive financial support (or vouchers) for their children to attend the school of their choice."," Although his message never wavered, DeWeese was realistic enough to realize that \"full choice\" could only come incrementally, thus his advocacy of changes in state law to allow for the creation of charter schools. Charter schools are public schools that are custom-designed by groups of teachers, parents or outside individuals to meet particular education needs. Charter schools are part of the public school system, financed on a par with other schools in the district. But for charter schools to become a reality state law would have to be changed. In December 1993, with the passage of Senate bill no. 896 (signed by the governor in January 1994), Michigan adopted the most significant restructuring of public education since the development of single-function school districts in the early 20th century. The state authorized groups of certified teachers and community leaders to form individual charter schools (public school academies) \"that are to be treated like school districts\" for the purposes of state education law. These \"single-school school districts\" could be started anywhere in the state by one or more certified teachers, a county, city, village, township, school district, community college, or state public university. Each new school would develop its own governing board, and must describe its educational goals and the standards by which its performance will be measured. Each of these academies would receive a state school aid payment for its enrolled students."," Following the passage of 896, TMEF established a sister organization, the Michigan Center for Charter Schools (MCCS), whose purpose was to promote the development of charter schools. TMEF subsidized the operation of MCCS throughout its existence. MCCS was the only organization in the state early on that was disseminating timely and accurate information about charter schools. MCCS also helped several groups move through the process of establishing a charter school. By the end of 1995, more than 60 charter school had been established with an additional 120 schools seeking charters."," In November 1994, an Ingham County circuit court judge ruled the law unconstitutional. Although the groups authorized to grant charters were government entities, the judge ruled, the day-to-day operations of schools were largely in the hands of privately elected directors and thus not directly accountable to the public. With this decision, the charter schools that had been established were left without public funding. In some cases, the schools reverted to private school status relying on tuitions and corporate donations for their support. In other cases, the state legislature, many of whose members believed that the judge's ruling would be overturned on appeal, passed emergency legislation which addressed the judge's objection to the original legislation."," In 1995, the state Board of Education contracted with the Michigan Partnership for New Education to both promote charter schools and to provide technical assistance to charter schools. The Michigan Partnership immediately asked for, and received, permission to hire the entire staff of MCCS in order to run their charter school operation. In May of 1995, MCCS ceased to operate, as its mission and staff were absorbed by the Michigan Partnership for New Education."," From its inception, TEACH Michigan knew that for real educational reform to take place from their point of view, the Michigan State Constitution (Article 8, sec. 2) would have to be revised. That provision restricted the use of public funds to government-operated schools only. With the constitution changed, TEACH Michigan hoped to secure passage of a voucher system so that parents might choose, and receive funding, for their child to attend a church-related school."," In 2000, the TEACH Michigan organization was folded into a new organization, Partnership for Learning.","This record group consists of two separate groupings (or subgroups) of records: the combined files of TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund covering the period of 1989 to 1995, and files of the charter school support group, Michigan Center for Charter Schools covering the years 1994-1995. Both organizations operated out of the same office in Lansing and included some of the same individuals as board members. The TM/TMEF files consist in great part of papers of Dr. Paul N. DeWeese, a principal founder of the organization. The MCCS files are largely papers of executive director Barbara Barrett as well as DeWeese. Together, the record group contains correspondence, policy statements, organizational and activity files, collected materials, sound and video materials, all relating to the efforts of the two organizations first to educate and lobby for changes in the law, and second to provide assistance and support in the establishment of charter schools. The records date from the inception of the organization to 1995. The subsequent records of TEACH Michigan remain with the organization.","Donor(s) have not transferred any applicable copyright to the Regents of the University of Michigan. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials.","Organization established in 1989 by Paul N. DeWeese and others to lobby for changes in state law and the state constitution to allow parents to choose between competing schools. The record group also contains records of the Michigan Center for Charter Schools, sister organization to TEACH Michigan, established to promote the development of charter schools in the state. The record group includes Informational materials detailing mission and goals of the TEACH Michigan organization; organizational files; topical files; correspondence; speeches and articles about school choice and the state charter school movement; and audio and video cassettes of TM presentations and appearances of Paul DeWeese on radio and television programs. Also included are the organizational records of the Michigan Center for Charter Schools.","Offsite storage; prior notification required for access","Bentley Historical Library","TEACH Michigan.","Michigan Center for Charter Schools.","TEACH Michigan Education Fund.","DeWeese, Paul N.","English","The materials are in  English."],"unitid_tesim":["014 Bj 2"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1989-1996"],"normalized_title_ssm":["TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, 1989-1996"],"collection_title_tesim":["TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, 1989-1996"],"collection_ssim":["TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, 1989-1996"],"repository_ssm":["University of Michigan. Bentley Historical Library"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. Bentley Historical Library"],"creator_ssm":["TEACH Michigan."],"creator_ssim":["TEACH Michigan."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["TEACH Michigan."],"creators_ssim":["TEACH Michigan."],"access_terms_ssm":["Donor(s) have not transferred any applicable copyright to the Regents of the University of Michigan. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The record group came to the library from Partnership for Learning (formerly TEACH Michigan) in December 2000. Donor no.  9038"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Charter schools -- Michigan.","Education -- Michigan.","Public schools -- Michigan.","School choice -- Michigan.","Charter schools -- Michigan.","Debates.","Discussion.","Public affairs television programs.","School choice -- Michigan.","Sound recordings.","Videocassettes."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Charter schools -- Michigan.","Education -- Michigan.","Public schools -- Michigan.","School choice -- Michigan.","Charter schools -- Michigan.","Debates.","Discussion.","Public affairs television programs.","School choice -- Michigan.","Sound recordings.","Videocassettes."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13 linear feet"],"extent_tesim":["13 linear feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Sound recordings.","Videocassettes."],"date_range_isim":[1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearch use of the record group is restricted except with the permission of Dr. Paul DeWeese.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Research use of the record group is restricted except with the permission of Dr. Paul DeWeese."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1989, Dr. Paul N. DeWeese, a physician then working in Detroit, became frustrated by what he perceived to be a lack of educational choice for his own children then about to begin school. With other like-minded individuals, DeWeese formed Michigan Citizens for Choice in Education (shortly to be renamed TEACH Michigan). Incorporated as a non-profit organization in 1991, TEACH Michigan was established to lobby for changes in the law regarding school choice. Associated with TEACH Michigan was a tax-exempt sister organization - TEACH Michigan Education Fund (TMEF) - which with license to solicit charitable contributions could engage in a variety of educational, research, and planning functions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Under DeWeese's leadership, TEACH Michigan advocated fundamental changes in the state's educational system. The core of TEACH Michigan's philosophy of education was simply stated. Parents should be allowed to choose from competing systems of schools with funding for education following the student and not automatically being given to the government-supported school system. An ambitious agenda, TEACH Michigan realized the importance of educating the public and enlisting enough grassroots support for the necessary changes in state law and in the state constitution to be made. With the law changed, there would follow competition for the education dollar resulting in non-governmental sponsorship of K-12 schools by corporations, public or private universities, parent groups or churches, as well as by the government. No longer would there be a \"government monopoly\" school system. Instead, parents would receive financial support (or vouchers) for their children to attend the school of their choice.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Although his message never wavered, DeWeese was realistic enough to realize that \"full choice\" could only come incrementally, thus his advocacy of changes in state law to allow for the creation of charter schools. Charter schools are public schools that are custom-designed by groups of teachers, parents or outside individuals to meet particular education needs. Charter schools are part of the public school system, financed on a par with other schools in the district. But for charter schools to become a reality state law would have to be changed. In December 1993, with the passage of Senate bill no. 896 (signed by the governor in January 1994), Michigan adopted the most significant restructuring of public education since the development of single-function school districts in the early 20th century. The state authorized groups of certified teachers and community leaders to form individual charter schools (public school academies) \"that are to be treated like school districts\" for the purposes of state education law. These \"single-school school districts\" could be started anywhere in the state by one or more certified teachers, a county, city, village, township, school district, community college, or state public university. Each new school would develop its own governing board, and must describe its educational goals and the standards by which its performance will be measured. Each of these academies would receive a state school aid payment for its enrolled students.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Following the passage of 896, TMEF established a sister organization, the Michigan Center for Charter Schools (MCCS), whose purpose was to promote the development of charter schools. TMEF subsidized the operation of MCCS throughout its existence. MCCS was the only organization in the state early on that was disseminating timely and accurate information about charter schools. MCCS also helped several groups move through the process of establishing a charter school. By the end of 1995, more than 60 charter school had been established with an additional 120 schools seeking charters.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In November 1994, an Ingham County circuit court judge ruled the law unconstitutional. Although the groups authorized to grant charters were government entities, the judge ruled, the day-to-day operations of schools were largely in the hands of privately elected directors and thus not directly accountable to the public. With this decision, the charter schools that had been established were left without public funding. In some cases, the schools reverted to private school status relying on tuitions and corporate donations for their support. In other cases, the state legislature, many of whose members believed that the judge's ruling would be overturned on appeal, passed emergency legislation which addressed the judge's objection to the original legislation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In 1995, the state Board of Education contracted with the Michigan Partnership for New Education to both promote charter schools and to provide technical assistance to charter schools. The Michigan Partnership immediately asked for, and received, permission to hire the entire staff of MCCS in order to run their charter school operation. In May of 1995, MCCS ceased to operate, as its mission and staff were absorbed by the Michigan Partnership for New Education.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e From its inception, TEACH Michigan knew that for real educational reform to take place from their point of view, the Michigan State Constitution (Article 8, sec. 2) would have to be revised. That provision restricted the use of public funds to government-operated schools only. With the constitution changed, TEACH Michigan hoped to secure passage of a voucher system so that parents might choose, and receive funding, for their child to attend a church-related school.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In 2000, the TEACH Michigan organization was folded into a new organization, Partnership for Learning.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1989, Dr. Paul N. DeWeese, a physician then working in Detroit, became frustrated by what he perceived to be a lack of educational choice for his own children then about to begin school. With other like-minded individuals, DeWeese formed Michigan Citizens for Choice in Education (shortly to be renamed TEACH Michigan). Incorporated as a non-profit organization in 1991, TEACH Michigan was established to lobby for changes in the law regarding school choice. Associated with TEACH Michigan was a tax-exempt sister organization - TEACH Michigan Education Fund (TMEF) - which with license to solicit charitable contributions could engage in a variety of educational, research, and planning functions."," Under DeWeese's leadership, TEACH Michigan advocated fundamental changes in the state's educational system. The core of TEACH Michigan's philosophy of education was simply stated. Parents should be allowed to choose from competing systems of schools with funding for education following the student and not automatically being given to the government-supported school system. An ambitious agenda, TEACH Michigan realized the importance of educating the public and enlisting enough grassroots support for the necessary changes in state law and in the state constitution to be made. With the law changed, there would follow competition for the education dollar resulting in non-governmental sponsorship of K-12 schools by corporations, public or private universities, parent groups or churches, as well as by the government. No longer would there be a \"government monopoly\" school system. Instead, parents would receive financial support (or vouchers) for their children to attend the school of their choice."," Although his message never wavered, DeWeese was realistic enough to realize that \"full choice\" could only come incrementally, thus his advocacy of changes in state law to allow for the creation of charter schools. Charter schools are public schools that are custom-designed by groups of teachers, parents or outside individuals to meet particular education needs. Charter schools are part of the public school system, financed on a par with other schools in the district. But for charter schools to become a reality state law would have to be changed. In December 1993, with the passage of Senate bill no. 896 (signed by the governor in January 1994), Michigan adopted the most significant restructuring of public education since the development of single-function school districts in the early 20th century. The state authorized groups of certified teachers and community leaders to form individual charter schools (public school academies) \"that are to be treated like school districts\" for the purposes of state education law. These \"single-school school districts\" could be started anywhere in the state by one or more certified teachers, a county, city, village, township, school district, community college, or state public university. Each new school would develop its own governing board, and must describe its educational goals and the standards by which its performance will be measured. Each of these academies would receive a state school aid payment for its enrolled students."," Following the passage of 896, TMEF established a sister organization, the Michigan Center for Charter Schools (MCCS), whose purpose was to promote the development of charter schools. TMEF subsidized the operation of MCCS throughout its existence. MCCS was the only organization in the state early on that was disseminating timely and accurate information about charter schools. MCCS also helped several groups move through the process of establishing a charter school. By the end of 1995, more than 60 charter school had been established with an additional 120 schools seeking charters."," In November 1994, an Ingham County circuit court judge ruled the law unconstitutional. Although the groups authorized to grant charters were government entities, the judge ruled, the day-to-day operations of schools were largely in the hands of privately elected directors and thus not directly accountable to the public. With this decision, the charter schools that had been established were left without public funding. In some cases, the schools reverted to private school status relying on tuitions and corporate donations for their support. In other cases, the state legislature, many of whose members believed that the judge's ruling would be overturned on appeal, passed emergency legislation which addressed the judge's objection to the original legislation."," In 1995, the state Board of Education contracted with the Michigan Partnership for New Education to both promote charter schools and to provide technical assistance to charter schools. The Michigan Partnership immediately asked for, and received, permission to hire the entire staff of MCCS in order to run their charter school operation. In May of 1995, MCCS ceased to operate, as its mission and staff were absorbed by the Michigan Partnership for New Education."," From its inception, TEACH Michigan knew that for real educational reform to take place from their point of view, the Michigan State Constitution (Article 8, sec. 2) would have to be revised. That provision restricted the use of public funds to government-operated schools only. With the constitution changed, TEACH Michigan hoped to secure passage of a voucher system so that parents might choose, and receive funding, for their child to attend a church-related school."," In 2000, the TEACH Michigan organization was folded into a new organization, Partnership for Learning."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eitem, folder title, box no., TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["item, folder title, box no., TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis record group consists of two separate groupings (or subgroups) of records: the combined files of TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund covering the period of 1989 to 1995, and files of the charter school support group, Michigan Center for Charter Schools covering the years 1994-1995. Both organizations operated out of the same office in Lansing and included some of the same individuals as board members. The TM/TMEF files consist in great part of papers of Dr. Paul N. DeWeese, a principal founder of the organization. The MCCS files are largely papers of executive director Barbara Barrett as well as DeWeese. Together, the record group contains correspondence, policy statements, organizational and activity files, collected materials, sound and video materials, all relating to the efforts of the two organizations first to educate and lobby for changes in the law, and second to provide assistance and support in the establishment of charter schools. The records date from the inception of the organization to 1995. The subsequent records of TEACH Michigan remain with the organization.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This record group consists of two separate groupings (or subgroups) of records: the combined files of TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund covering the period of 1989 to 1995, and files of the charter school support group, Michigan Center for Charter Schools covering the years 1994-1995. Both organizations operated out of the same office in Lansing and included some of the same individuals as board members. The TM/TMEF files consist in great part of papers of Dr. Paul N. DeWeese, a principal founder of the organization. The MCCS files are largely papers of executive director Barbara Barrett as well as DeWeese. Together, the record group contains correspondence, policy statements, organizational and activity files, collected materials, sound and video materials, all relating to the efforts of the two organizations first to educate and lobby for changes in the law, and second to provide assistance and support in the establishment of charter schools. The records date from the inception of the organization to 1995. The subsequent records of TEACH Michigan remain with the organization."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDonor(s) have not transferred any applicable copyright to the Regents of the University of Michigan. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Donor(s) have not transferred any applicable copyright to the Regents of the University of Michigan. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_85c28ec7f064d103fc6a1b17b4c73c99\"\u003eOrganization established in 1989 by Paul N. DeWeese and others to lobby for changes in state law and the state constitution to allow parents to choose between competing schools. The record group also contains records of the Michigan Center for Charter Schools, sister organization to TEACH Michigan, established to promote the development of charter schools in the state. The record group includes Informational materials detailing mission and goals of the TEACH Michigan organization; organizational files; topical files; correspondence; speeches and articles about school choice and the state charter school movement; and audio and video cassettes of TM presentations and appearances of Paul DeWeese on radio and television programs. Also included are the organizational records of the Michigan Center for Charter Schools.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Organization established in 1989 by Paul N. DeWeese and others to lobby for changes in state law and the state constitution to allow parents to choose between competing schools. The record group also contains records of the Michigan Center for Charter Schools, sister organization to TEACH Michigan, established to promote the development of charter schools in the state. The record group includes Informational materials detailing mission and goals of the TEACH Michigan organization; organizational files; topical files; correspondence; speeches and articles about school choice and the state charter school movement; and audio and video cassettes of TM presentations and appearances of Paul DeWeese on radio and television programs. Also included are the organizational records of the Michigan Center for Charter Schools."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_4f9a3a50370f108b16342d0e56be5abb\"\u003eOffsite storage; prior notification required for access\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Offsite storage; prior notification required for access"],"names_coll_ssim":["Michigan Center for Charter Schools.","TEACH Michigan.","TEACH Michigan Education Fund.","TEACH Michigan.","Michigan Center for Charter Schools.","TEACH Michigan Education Fund.","DeWeese, Paul N.","DeWeese, Paul N.","DeWeese, Paul N."],"names_ssim":["Bentley Historical Library","TEACH Michigan.","Michigan Center for Charter Schools.","TEACH Michigan Education Fund.","DeWeese, Paul N."],"corpname_ssim":["Bentley Historical Library","TEACH Michigan.","Michigan Center for Charter Schools.","TEACH Michigan Education Fund."],"persname_ssim":["DeWeese, Paul N."],"language_ssim":["English","The materials are in  English."],"total_component_count_is":279,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"umich-bhl-014","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:13:12.778Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-bhl-014_aspace_3043b24e39a73255c07159232cbd42eb"}},{"id":"umich-bhl-0312_aspace_7fc811b53aa278019c733d4cac784f36","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Performance","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-bhl-0312_aspace_7fc811b53aa278019c733d4cac784f36#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"aspace_7fc811b53aa278019c733d4cac784f36","ref_ssm":["aspace_7fc811b53aa278019c733d4cac784f36","aspace_7fc811b53aa278019c733d4cac784f36"],"id":"umich-bhl-0312_aspace_7fc811b53aa278019c733d4cac784f36","title_filing_ssi":"Performance","title_ssm":["Performance"],"title_tesim":["Performance"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Performance"],"text":["Performance","Peter Sparling papers, 1961-2013, bulk 1970-2000","Performance, Audition, and Rehearsal Videos","Allegorica: A Videodance Vaudeville in Nine Acts, 2007","Reading Room Access Only"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ssim":["umich-bhl-0312","aspace_ea04e152d4703cedcf32d8d9c2b86eab","aspace_5103517ba8a79c0e5c01ff0b4b7b6985"],"parent_ssi":"aspace_5103517ba8a79c0e5c01ff0b4b7b6985","parent_ids_ssim":["umich-bhl-0312","umich-bhl-0312_aspace_ea04e152d4703cedcf32d8d9c2b86eab","umich-bhl-0312_aspace_5103517ba8a79c0e5c01ff0b4b7b6985"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Peter Sparling papers, 1961-2013, bulk 1970-2000","Performance, Audition, and Rehearsal Videos","Allegorica: A Videodance Vaudeville in Nine Acts, 2007"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Peter Sparling papers, 1961-2013, bulk 1970-2000","Performance, Audition, and Rehearsal Videos","Allegorica: A Videodance Vaudeville in Nine Acts, 2007"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","File"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. Bentley Historical Library"],"collection_ssim":["Peter Sparling papers, 1961-2013, bulk 1970-2000"],"physfacet_tesim":[".MPEG file"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":203,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Restricted Access: All performances in DVC-Pro format are preservation copies dubbed from original VHS and 3/4-inch tape. Arrangements for duplication need to be made with the Reference Archivist. Equipment needed to view digital video cassettes is not available at the Bentley Library. Access to some of the online digital files is restricted to the viewing in the Bentley Library reading room and the School of Music."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Copyright is retained by Peter Sparling. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials."],"digital_objects_ssm":["{\"label\":\"Performance\",\"href\":\"http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/61370\"}"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eReading Room Access Only\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Reading Room Access Only"],"_nest_path_":"/components#7/components#1/components#1","_nest_parent_":"umich-bhl-0312_aspace_5103517ba8a79c0e5c01ff0b4b7b6985","_root_":"umich-bhl-0312","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:13:20.872Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"umich-bhl-0312","title_ssm":["Peter Sparling papers"],"title_tesim":["Peter Sparling papers"],"ead_ssi":"umich-bhl-0312","unitdate_ssm":["1961-2013","1970-2000"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1970-2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1961-2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["0312 Aa2"],"text":["0312 Aa2","Peter Sparling papers, 1961-2013, bulk 1970-2000","Choreographers -- United States.","Dancers -- United States.","Ballet -- United States.","Ballet -- Study and teaching.","Choreography.","Ballet -- United States.","Dancers.","Posters.","Videotapes.","Motion pictures.","Photographs.","The collection is open to research."," Access to some of the online digital files in the Performance, Audition, and Rehearsal Videos series is restricted to viewing the Bentley Library Reading Room and at the University of Michigan School of Music, Theatre and Dance. Equipment needed to view the DVC-Pro digital cassettes in this series is not currently available at the Bentley Library. Contact the reference archivist to arrange for duplication of tapes.","Periodic additions to the records expected.","Peter Sparling is Professor of Dance at the University of Michigan School of Music. Well known as both performer and choreographer, he has danced with Martha Graham and Jose Limon."," Sparling got his first dance training while on a scholarship for violin performance at Interlochen Arts Academy. He added dance to his major and graduated in 1969, and then attended The Juilliard School, receiving his B.F.A. in 1973. While still at Juilliard, Sparling began touring with the Jose Limon Dance Company, traveling to Europe, Russia and Asia. He co-founded Dance Mobile with Janet Eilber, Ange Wolf and Diana Hart, all of whom he met at Interlochen. In 1974, he married another dancer he had met while at Interlochen, Shelley Washington. They divorced after three years."," In 1973, after the death of Jose Limon, Sparling was invited to join the Martha Graham Dance Company. Graham dramatically influenced Sparling's performance and his choreography, and he created and performed his own works during the six years he was with the Graham Company. When he left the company in 1979, he formed Peter Sparling Presents Solo Flight, and then the Peter Sparling Dance Company, as vehicles for his choreography. He continued to dance occasionally with the Graham Company until 1987."," In 1984, after several teaching residencies in such institutions as Barnard College in New York, Florida State University, Cloud Gate Dance Theatre in Taiwan and the Laban Centre for Movement Studies in London, Sparling was hired as Assistant Professor at the University of Michigan Dance Department. He was chair of the Department from 1988 through 1995. In 1984, he co-founded Ann Arbor Dance Works, the University of Michigan's resident dance company. In 1993, Peter founded the Peter Sparling Dance Co. a non-profit organization that continues today. Further information about Sparling's dance company or current work see http://www.dancegalleryfoundation.org.","","The Peter Sparling Papers include materials relating to Sparling's dance training, performance, and teaching. The papers are divided into eight series: Background Materials, Choreography, Correspondence, Dance Companies, Programs, Reviews, Photographs, Performance, Audition, and Rehearsal Videos, and Posters.","Copyright is retained by Peter Sparling. Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials.","Peter Sparling is Professor of Dance at the University of Michigan School of Music. Well known as both performer and choreographer, he has danced with Martha Graham and Jose Limon. Papers consist of materials relating to Sparling's dance training, performance, and teaching including background materials; choreography notes and sketches; correspondence; clippings and publicity from dance companies with whom he was associated; programs and reviews; photographs, video and film of performances; and posters.","Bentley Historical Library","University of Michigan. -- Faculty.","University of Michigan. School of Music.","Sparling, Peter.","Sparling, Peter, 1951-","Sparling, Peter, Performances, 1951-","English","The material is in  English"],"unitid_tesim":["0312 Aa2"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1961-2013, bulk 1970-2000"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Peter Sparling papers, 1961-2013, bulk 1970-2000"],"collection_title_tesim":["Peter Sparling papers, 1961-2013, bulk 1970-2000"],"collection_ssim":["Peter Sparling papers, 1961-2013, bulk 1970-2000"],"repository_ssm":["University of Michigan. Bentley Historical Library"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. 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Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Materials were donated by Peter Sparling (donor no. 8992) beginning in 2001."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Choreographers -- United States.","Dancers -- United States.","Ballet -- United States.","Ballet -- Study and teaching.","Choreography.","Ballet -- United States.","Dancers.","Posters.","Videotapes.","Motion pictures.","Photographs."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Choreographers -- United States.","Dancers -- United States.","Ballet -- United States.","Ballet -- Study and teaching.","Choreography.","Ballet -- United States.","Dancers.","Posters.","Videotapes.","Motion pictures.","Photographs."],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["6 linear feet","89.5 GB"],"extent_tesim":["6 linear feet","89.5 GB"],"physfacet_tesim":["online"],"genreform_ssim":["Posters.","Videotapes.","Motion pictures.","Photographs."],"date_range_isim":[1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Access to some of the online digital files in the Performance, Audition, and Rehearsal Videos series is restricted to viewing the Bentley Library Reading Room and at the University of Michigan School of Music, Theatre and Dance. Equipment needed to view the DVC-Pro digital cassettes in this series is not currently available at the Bentley Library. Contact the reference archivist to arrange for duplication of tapes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."," Access to some of the online digital files in the Performance, Audition, and Rehearsal Videos series is restricted to viewing the Bentley Library Reading Room and at the University of Michigan School of Music, Theatre and Dance. Equipment needed to view the DVC-Pro digital cassettes in this series is not currently available at the Bentley Library. 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In 1974, he married another dancer he had met while at Interlochen, Shelley Washington. They divorced after three years.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In 1973, after the death of Jose Limon, Sparling was invited to join the Martha Graham Dance Company. Graham dramatically influenced Sparling's performance and his choreography, and he created and performed his own works during the six years he was with the Graham Company. When he left the company in 1979, he formed Peter Sparling Presents Solo Flight, and then the Peter Sparling Dance Company, as vehicles for his choreography. He continued to dance occasionally with the Graham Company until 1987.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In 1984, after several teaching residencies in such institutions as Barnard College in New York, Florida State University, Cloud Gate Dance Theatre in Taiwan and the Laban Centre for Movement Studies in London, Sparling was hired as Assistant Professor at the University of Michigan Dance Department. He was chair of the Department from 1988 through 1995. In 1984, he co-founded Ann Arbor Dance Works, the University of Michigan's resident dance company. In 1993, Peter founded the Peter Sparling Dance Co. a non-profit organization that continues today. Further information about Sparling's dance company or current work see http://www.dancegalleryfoundation.org.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Peter Sparling is Professor of Dance at the University of Michigan School of Music. Well known as both performer and choreographer, he has danced with Martha Graham and Jose Limon."," Sparling got his first dance training while on a scholarship for violin performance at Interlochen Arts Academy. He added dance to his major and graduated in 1969, and then attended The Juilliard School, receiving his B.F.A. in 1973. While still at Juilliard, Sparling began touring with the Jose Limon Dance Company, traveling to Europe, Russia and Asia. He co-founded Dance Mobile with Janet Eilber, Ange Wolf and Diana Hart, all of whom he met at Interlochen. In 1974, he married another dancer he had met while at Interlochen, Shelley Washington. They divorced after three years."," In 1973, after the death of Jose Limon, Sparling was invited to join the Martha Graham Dance Company. Graham dramatically influenced Sparling's performance and his choreography, and he created and performed his own works during the six years he was with the Graham Company. When he left the company in 1979, he formed Peter Sparling Presents Solo Flight, and then the Peter Sparling Dance Company, as vehicles for his choreography. He continued to dance occasionally with the Graham Company until 1987."," In 1984, after several teaching residencies in such institutions as Barnard College in New York, Florida State University, Cloud Gate Dance Theatre in Taiwan and the Laban Centre for Movement Studies in London, Sparling was hired as Assistant Professor at the University of Michigan Dance Department. He was chair of the Department from 1988 through 1995. In 1984, he co-founded Ann Arbor Dance Works, the University of Michigan's resident dance company. In 1993, Peter founded the Peter Sparling Dance Co. a non-profit organization that continues today. Further information about Sparling's dance company or current work see http://www.dancegalleryfoundation.org."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[item], folder, box, Peter Sparling papers, Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[item], folder, box, Peter Sparling papers, Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextptr actuate=\"onload\" href=\"digitalproc\" show=\"embed\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":[""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Peter Sparling Papers include materials relating to Sparling's dance training, performance, and teaching. 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Patrons are responsible for determining the appropriate use or reuse of materials."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e7ba80ca0d30560d8aa900af8025f1a9\"\u003ePeter Sparling is Professor of Dance at the University of Michigan School of Music. Well known as both performer and choreographer, he has danced with Martha Graham and Jose Limon. Papers consist of materials relating to Sparling's dance training, performance, and teaching including background materials; choreography notes and sketches; correspondence; clippings and publicity from dance companies with whom he was associated; programs and reviews; photographs, video and film of performances; and posters.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Peter Sparling is Professor of Dance at the University of Michigan School of Music. Well known as both performer and choreographer, he has danced with Martha Graham and Jose Limon. Papers consist of materials relating to Sparling's dance training, performance, and teaching including background materials; choreography notes and sketches; correspondence; clippings and publicity from dance companies with whom he was associated; programs and reviews; photographs, video and film of performances; and posters."],"names_coll_ssim":["University of Michigan. -- Faculty.","University of Michigan. School of Music.","Sparling, Peter, 1951-","Sparling, Peter, 1951-","Sparling, Peter, Performances, 1951-"],"names_ssim":["Bentley Historical Library","University of Michigan. -- Faculty.","University of Michigan. School of Music.","Sparling, Peter.","Sparling, Peter, 1951-","Sparling, Peter, Performances, 1951-"],"corpname_ssim":["Bentley Historical Library","University of Michigan. -- Faculty.","University of Michigan. 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