{"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?facet.page=7\u0026page=73","prev":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?facet.page=7\u0026page=72","next":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?facet.page=7\u0026page=74","last":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?facet.page=7\u0026page=539"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":73,"next_page":74,"prev_page":72,"total_pages":539,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":720,"total_count":5389,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_420f3b3b77de60beb668ebd3b74e5f17106736a8","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"55. [Firefighters battle fire at the corner of Campus Martius and Monroe, 1897]","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_420f3b3b77de60beb668ebd3b74e5f17106736a8#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"al_420f3b3b77de60beb668ebd3b74e5f17106736a8","ref_ssm":["al_420f3b3b77de60beb668ebd3b74e5f17106736a8","al_420f3b3b77de60beb668ebd3b74e5f17106736a8"],"id":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_420f3b3b77de60beb668ebd3b74e5f17106736a8","title_filing_ssi":"55. [Firefighters battle fire at the corner of Campus Martius and Monroe, 1897]","title_ssm":["55. [Firefighters battle fire at the corner of Campus Martius and Monroe, 1897]"],"title_tesim":["55. [Firefighters battle fire at the corner of Campus Martius and Monroe, 1897]"],"normalized_title_ssm":["55. [Firefighters battle fire at the corner of Campus Martius and Monroe, 1897]"],"text":["55. [Firefighters battle fire at the corner of Campus Martius and Monroe, 1897]","David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","David V. Tinder collection of Michigan photography, County File, Wayne County, Box 2"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ssim":["umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","al_0486ec705f14b82141300eea80836fd2432c2899"],"parent_ssi":"al_0486ec705f14b82141300eea80836fd2432c2899","parent_ids_ssim":["umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_0486ec705f14b82141300eea80836fd2432c2899"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","David V. Tinder collection of Michigan photography, County File, Wayne County, Box 2"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","David V. Tinder collection of Michigan photography, County File, Wayne County, Box 2"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. William L. Clements Library"],"collection_ssim":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985"],"extent_ssm":["1 photograph"],"extent_tesim":["1 photograph"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":57,"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#31","_nest_parent_":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_0486ec705f14b82141300eea80836fd2432c2899","_root_":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:25:22.393Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","title_ssm":["  David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","Tinder, David V., Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County"],"title_tesim":["  David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","Tinder, David V., Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County"],"ead_ssi":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["wclgrfx000200"],"text":["wclgrfx000200","David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography.","Photographs shelf.","Actors--Michigan--1900-1910.","Actresses--Michigan--1890-1910.","African American businesspeople--Michigan.","African American children--Portraits--Michigan.","African American choirs--Michigan.","African American churches--Michigan.","African American freemasons--Michigan.","African American judges--Michigan.","African American musicians--Michigan.","African Americans--Societies, etc.--Michigan.","African American students--Michigan.","African American Sunday schools--Michigan.","Agricultural laborers--Michigan.","Airports--Michigan.","Aircraft--Michigan--1930-1940.","Aircraft industry--Michigan.","Air shows--Michigan.","Amateur theater--Michigan.","Amusement parks--Michigan.","Animals on television--Michigan.","Asbestos--Michigan.","Automobile factories--Michigan.","Automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Automobile rallies--Michigan.","Automobiles--Michigan.","Automobiles--Design and construction--Michigan.","Balls (Parties)--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bands (Music)--Michigan.","Banquets--Michigan--1920-1930.","Barbers--Michigan.","Barbershops--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bar mitzvah--Michigan.","Bars (Drinking establishments)--Michigan.","Baseball players--Michigan.","Basketball courts--Michigan.","Basketball players--Michigan.","Beauty shops--Michigan.","Beekeepers--Michigan.","Bicycles \u0026 tricycles--Michigan--1890-1930.","Bicycle stores--Michigan.","Blacksmiths--Michigan.","Blizzards--Michigan.","Boats and boating--Michigan.","Boycotts--Michigan.","Breweries--Michigan.","Breweries--Employees--Michigan.","Brick trade--Michigan.","Bridges--Michigan--Detroit.","Broom and brush industry--Michigan.","Building construction--Michigan--1910-1930.","Buses--Michigan--1930-1940.","Business organizations--Michigan.","Business Schools--Michigan.","Button industry--Michigan.","Cafeterias--Michigan.","Camping--Michigan.","Canoes and canoeing--Michigan.","Carts \u0026 wagons--Michigan--1890-1910","Casinos--Michigan.","Catholic schools--Michigan.","Cemeteries--Michigan.","Chauffeurs--Michigan.","Chemical industry--Michigan.","Children's costumes--Michigan.","Children's parties--Michigan--1890-1900.","Children--Michigan--Portraits.","Children's choirs--Michigan.","Church buildings--Michigan.","Cigar industry--Michigan.","Circus animals--Michigan.","Circus performers--Michigan.","City councils--Michigan--Hamtramck (Mich.)","City halls--Michigan.","Commercial photography--Michigan.","Concert programs--Michigan.","Confirmation--Catholic Church--Michigan.","Construction workers--Michigan.","Coopers and Cooperage--Michigan.","Couples--Michigan--Portraits.","Creameries--Michigan.","Cross-country runners--Michigan.","Curling--Michigan.","Dairying--Michigan.","Delivery of goods--Michigan.","Diving--Michigan--1890-1900.","Docks--Michigan.","Dredges--Michigan.","Drugstores--Michigan.","Dwellings--Michigan.","Engines--Michigan.","Entertainers--Michigan--1900-1910.","Ethnic costume--Romania.","Ethnic groups--Michigan.","Exhibitions--Michigan--1880-1890.","Explosions--Michigan.","Factories--Employees--Michigan.","Factories--Michigan.","Families--Michigan--Portraits.","Fire fighters--Michigan.","Florists--Michigan.","Flour mills--Michigan.","Flower arrangements--Michigan--1920-1940.","Football players--Michigan--1900-1910.","Fraternal organizations--Michigan","Funeral rites \u0026 ceremonies--Michigan--1910-1930","Gardens--Michigan--1900-1910.","Gas power plants--Michigan.","Graduation (School)","Grocery trade--Michigan.","Hardware stores--Michigan.","Hat trade--Michigan.","High school students--Michigan.","Horse-drawn rail cars--Michigan.","Horse racing--Michigan--1920-1930","Hospitals--Michigan--Detroit.","Hotels--Michigan--1870-1890.","Ice industry--Michigan.","Insurance companies--Michigan.","Inventors--Michigan","Jazz musicians--Michigan","Kitchen utensils--Michigan.","Laboratories--Michigan.","Lakes--Michigan.","Libraries--Michigan--Detroit.","Lighthouses--Michigan.","Locomotives--Michigan.","Luggage industry--Michigan.","Mausoleums--Michigan.","Mechanical musical instruments--Michigan.","Men--Michigan--Portraits.","Men--Societies  and clubs--Michigan.","Metalworking industries--Michigan.","Military bands--Michigan.","Motion pictures--Michigan--1930-1940.","Motorboat racing--Michigan.","Music stores--Michigan.","Musicians--Michigan.","Nightclubs--Michigan.","Nursing schools--Michigan.","Occupational training--Michigan.","Offices--Michigan--1910-1930.","Old age homes--Michigan.","Opticians--Michigan.","Paddle steamers--Michigan.","Parade floats--Michigan.","Parades--Michigan.","Parks--Michigan--Detroit.","Photography--Societies, etc--Michigan.","Picnics--Michigan.","Playgrounds--Michigan.","Police--Michigan--Detroit.","Police stations--Michigan.","Political parades \u0026 rallies--Michigan--1900-1920.","Portraits, group--Michigan.","Postmortem photography--Michigan.","Power-plants--Design and construction--Michigan.","Priests--Michigan.","Prisons--Michigan.","Public architecture--Michigan.","Radio broadcasting--Michigan.","Railroad stations--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Design and construction--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Michigan.","Railroads--Employees--Michigan.","Railroads--Michigan.","Residential architecture--Michigan.","Restaurants--Michigan--1920-1930.","Sailors--Michigan.","School children--Michigan.","School buildings--Michigan.","School plays--Michigan.","School yearbooks--Michigan.","Ships--Launching--Michigan.","Ships--Michigan.","Shoes--Repairing--Michigan.","Skyscrapers--Michigan--Detroit.","Soccer players--Michigan--1920-1930","Soldiers--Michigan.","Souvenirs (Keepsakes)--Michigan.","Spanish-American War, 1898--Veterans--Michigan.","Stables--Michigan.","Steamboats--Michigan.","Steel foundries--Michigan.","Stove industry and trade--Michigan.","Street lighting--Michigan.","Street-railroads--Michigan.","Streets--Michigan.","Strikes and lockouts--Automobile industry--Michigan.","String bands--Michigan.","Storefronts--Michigan.","Teeth--Radiography--Michigan.","Television programs--Michigan.","Theaters--Michigan--1910-1920.","Threshing machines--Michigan--1900-1910.","Tour buses--Michigan.","Traffic signs \u0026 signals---Michigan--1930-1950","Train ferries--Michigan.","Trucks--Michigan--1920-1940.","Variety stores--Michigan.","Vocational education--Michigan.","Water mills--Michigan.","Water towers--Michigan.","Waterworks--Michigan.","Weddings--Michigan.","Women automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Women field hockey players--Michigan.","Women figure skaters--Michigan.","Women--Employment--Michigan--1910-1940.","Women--Michigan--Portraits.","Women--Societies and clubs--Michigan.","World War 1914-1918--Michigan.","Clippings.","Cyanotypes.","Documents.","Ephemera.","Pamphlets.","Photocopies.","Photographic prints.","Photomechanical prints.","Postage stamps.","The city of Detroit and its vast metropolitan area has dominated the Wayne County area for centuries. Detroit was founded in 1701 as a French settlement with access to the Great Lakes and Canada and quickly became a strategic military post and trade center. It transferred to British control in 1760 during the Seven Years War and to United States governance in 1796. It became a chartered city in 1802, the capitol of the Michigan Territory in 1805, and Michigan’s first State Capital from 1837 to 1847. The city grew with an economy based largely on agriculture and trade in the early 19th century, becoming one of the nation’s prime manufacturing and cultural centers after the Civil War. Large industries based in the region included railroad equipment manufacturing, ship building, iron and steel production, stoves, pharmaceuticals, brewing, wagon making, and many others.","The industrial strength of Detroit created a large middle-class society as well as vast wealth. In turn, this affluence supported cultural advancement, education, and the arts. Commercial photography studios thrived in this environment. Many prize-winning portrait photographers were based in Detroit, as were those specializing in architecture, and the documentation of industry and commerce.","The diversity of industry of late 19th century Detroit gave way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. The boom in wartime production during World War Two attracted workers from around the country and shifted the racial demographics of the city.","The collapse of manufacturing industries, the disappearance of public transportation, and massive population shifts to the suburbs were factors in the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century.","Included in the Wayne County file of the David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography are images of urban Detroit, people in their places of work, at home, at leisure, and participating in social activities and in fraternal and religious organizations. Numerous images show industrial manufacturing, urban transportation, and civic infrastructure. Activities related to entertainment, sports, parades, and the arts are well represented. The many portraits photographs include formal posed images, casual snapshots, workplace groups and fraternal organizations.","A vast majority of the photographs are the work of commercial photographers, with some amateurs. A significant number of photos were taken by Detroit News and Detroit Free Press photographers. Almost all the images present would be considered vernacular photos rather than fine art; however, many are carefully composed with strong aesthetic characteristics.","Although the photos have been largely sorted by subject, related materials may be present outside of the subject categories, i.e., images of transportation can also be found in the categories Architecture, Business and Commerce, Group Portraits, and in other sections outside of Transportation.","The bulk of the photos in this collection were taken in Detroit during the era of rapid population growth and industrial development around the turn of the century. The diversity of industry that appears in the late 19th century images can be seen giving way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. Evidence of the rich residential lifestyles and multi-ethnic cultures of the Detroit area appear in many images.","At the fringe of the collection’s scope are images of the demolition of factories, the disappearance of public transportation, and racial unrest during the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century.","It should be noted that while most of the collection are mounted and unmounted photographic prints, there are a few bound items as well as printed ephemera.","The collection has been organized into various categories by subject. The first group of photos is comprised of those that did not fit neatly under other categories. These include views of military encampments, disasters and firefighting, civic unrest, commercial product promotions, and other miscellaneous topics. Of particular note is a charming outdoor children’s party scene by amateur photographer Robert R. Oesterreich (no. 9); a double portrait montage by Tony Spina of John F. Kennedy and Robert F. Kennedy, both speaking at Campus Martius (no. 14); the high quality photomechanical prints of Detroit scenes and architecture in the  Detroit Illustrated.  (no. 16); and a collection of 28 miscellaneous nightclub souvenir photographs dating from the 1940s-1980s (no. 20). The rest of the material falls under the following categories:","Transportation: 243 photographs. Material is divided between the following sub-categories: Automobiles and Trucks (56 photographs), Aircraft (18 photographs), Railroads and Trains (58 photographs), Streetcars and Trolleys (20 photographs), Roads and Infrastructure (33 photographs), Wagons (20 photographs), Maritime (38 photographs).","Of note are a photograph of an African American couple posed with a new V-8 Ford (no. 71.3); construction photos of the Detroit River railroad tunnel (no. 95); Goebel’s Brewing Co. delivery wagons (no. 98); and a view of the steamboat  Tashmoo  at speed on the Detroit River (no. 110).","Performers: 107 photographs, most of which (113 photographs) are contained in the sub-category Music and Musicians. Of particular note are numerous photos of community brass bands, a photo of John Philip Sousa and his band at Grand Circus Park (no. 122); an image of the inventor Charles Crawford and his patented \"Pickaphone\" mechanism for playing stringed instruments, ca. 1888 (no. 123); and copy prints of two important early jazz bands, Finney’s Orchestra (no. 131) and McKinney’s Cotton Pickers (no. 132).","Portraits: 505 photographs. Material is divided into the following sub-categories: Individuals (172 photographs), Groups (133 photographs), Children (97 photographs), Weddings (64 photographs), Confirmation and Communion (41 photographs). Of particular interest are a photograph of Joan Baxter and her Hot Dog Cooker (no. 137); three 1860's portraits of members of the Hawley family of Detroit (no. 141), one of which is inscribed with enlargement instructions ca.1901 on its verso; and a portrait of politician and founder of the Republican Party Zachariah Chandler, taken by Benjamin Powelson ca. 1880 (no. 142).","Of the many notable images within the Groups category are an outstanding image of sixteen Packard Motor Car Company employees piled onto a 1911 Packard in front of the then new Packard factory on West Grand Blvd. (no. 144.9); a group of African American women engaged in a ceremonial burning of the mortgage of the Phyllis Wheatley Home for Aged Colored Ladies (no. 162); and a portrait of members of the Direct Credits Society, a Great Depression-era wealth redistribution movement founded by Alfred Lawson (no. 166).","Parades: 54 photographs. Many scenes of massive parades in Detroit. Of note is a series of photographs of women marching in a racially-integrated United Spanish War Veterans Parade, ca.1940 (no. 179); and a view of five young women in a florally decorated early automobile (no. 180.11).","Business \u0026 Commerce: 319 photographs. Where possible, material has been divided into the following sub-categories: Business Exteriors (52 photographs), Business Interiors (125 photographs), Construction (22 photographs), Ford Motor Company (19 photographs). Of note is an image of a group of brewers tapping a keg at the Marx Brewing Co. (no. 186.1); Candler Dock \u0026 Dredge Co. workers and surveyors building a dock, taken by the Manning Bros. ca 1920s (no. 192); women rolling cigars at the R.G. Dunn factory, 1909 (no. 204); workers fabricating automobile bodies at the Briggs Manufacturing Co. ca. 1910s (no. 206);interior view of the Burroughs Adding Machine factory (no 209.11); the Penobscot Building construction in three stages ca 1928 (no. 217); and two fold-out panoramic photos of the Ford complex at River Rouge taken by Otto Rotch in 1925 (no. 218).","Views: 86 photographs. Material is divided into Street Views (28 photographs), Residential Views (51 photographs), and Aerial Views (7 photographs).","Architecture: 69 photographs. Of particular note is a charming view of a small inn at Springwells, Mich., the International Exposition House ca. 1889 (no. 235); an 1870's print of the large Russell House Hotel in Detroit (no. 238); and a panoramic view of downtown Detroit at its peak, taken by the Murray Studio in the 1920s (no. 240.18).","Labor \u0026 Unemployment: 8 photographs primarily focused on unemployment during the Great Depression. Of note is a group photo of the striking Journeyman Bakers International Union in 1902 (no. 248).","Athletes \u0026 Athletics: 58 photographs. Of particular note are a copy-print of a 1910 Detroit Tigers team photo featuring Hall of Famer Ty Cobb (no. 261); a series of 3 group photographs of an early soccer team, Michigan Alkali F.C. in 1923 (no. 265); Wyandotte baseball teams (no. 266);. The Slocum’s Island baseball champions of 1882 (no. 272.4); and a 1943 curling team (no. 273).","Classrooms \u0026 Schools: 38 photographs. Of particular interest are a student group in front of a one-room schoolhouse at Cherry Hill in 1934 (no. 280.11); a kindergarten band at Clippert School taken by the Manning Bros. (no. 280.20); and a ca.1936 Lincoln Park High School album with personal snapshots and autographs of classmates (no. 279).","Places of Worship \u0026 Religious Activities: 43 photographs. One of several images related to African American church congregations shows members of an A.M.E. church dressed in \"traditional\" African garb ca.1920-1930 (no. 284).","Parks: 112 photographs. Of particular focus is Belle Isle (approx. 50 photographs) and Waterworks Park. A series of Belle Isle views taken in 1889 by Holcombe \u0026 Metzen is particularly picturesque (no. 297.1-9).","Funerals \u0026 Postmortem Photography: 14 photographs. These photographs date from the 1910s-1930s and are mostly photographs of open caskets surrounded by the deceased's family.","The collection contains photographs of Wayne County, Michigan. Included are numerous urban scenes and images of everyday life, primarily in the Metropolitan Detroit area between 1860 and the mid-20th century. The bulk of the photographs were taken between 1890 and 1930. A very wide range of topics is represented, among them commercial and residential architecture, urban infrastructure, public and private spaces, civic and domestic activities, individual and group portraits, and events from across the social spectrum.","William L. Clements Library , University of Michigan","American Red Cross.","Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine for North America.","BASF Wyandotte Corporation.","Cartercar Co.","Catholic Church--Clergy--Michigan.","Detroit College of Medicine.","Detroit Institute of Arts.","Detroit Museum of Art.","Detroit Opera House.","Detroit Red Wings (Hockey team)","Detroit Symphony Orchestra.","Detroit, Toledo and Ironton Railroad.","Dodge Brothers.","Ford Motor Company.","Ford Motor Company--Employees.","Ford Motor Company. Rouge River Plant.","Ford Rotunda (Dearborn, Mich.)","General Motors Corporation.","Henry Ford Museum and Greenfield Village.","Hudson's (Department store)","International Union, United Automobile Workers of America (CIO)","Journeymen Bakers National Union of the United States.","Knights of Pythias.","Knights Templar (Masonic order)","Michigan Central Railroad Company.","Michigan. National Guard.","Michigan Stove Company.","Tiger Stadium (Detroit, Mich.)","United States. Army--Recruiting, enlistment, etc.--Michigan.","United States. Army. Reserve Officers' Training Corps.","YMCA of the USA.","Young Women's Christian Association.","Agdan Photographic.","Alliance Commercial Photo Co.","Alvord \u0026 Co.","American Commercial Photo Co.","Arthur Studio.","Babas Studio.","Baker Art Studio.","Baker Studio.","Ballaun Studio.","Bonish Studio.","Brown \u0026 Co.","Charles Hopp \u0026 Co.","Club Photos Inc.","Commercial Photo Service Co.","Cousins Art Studio.","Davison Photo Studio.","Deluxe Theatrical Studio.","Detroit Edison Co.","Detroit News Staff.","Fotografia Italiana (G. Lanni \u0026 Co.)","General Motors Photographic Section.","Harbican Studio.","Hoffman Studio.","Holcombe \u0026 Metzen.","Holgate Studio.","Huntington \u0026 Clark.","Litynski-Jakubowski Co.","MacGregor and Company.","Manning Bros.","Metropolitan Art Studio.","Modernistic Photo Studio.","New Chene Studio.","P. Pieronek Studio.","Rembrandt Studios.","Rentschler's Studio.","Smart Set Studio.","Smith Brothers Commerical Photographers.","Spencer \u0026 Wyckoff.","Spooner \u0026 Wells, Inc.","Tiffany Photographic Studio.","Ziawinski Bros.","Tinder, David V.","Grant, Ulysses S. (Ulysses Simpson), 1822-1885--Homes and haunts.","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963.","Kennedy, Robert F., 1925-1968.","Robeson, Paul, 1898-1976.","Sousa, John Philip, 1854-1932.","Arthur, Edward J.","Baker, Chas. R.","Ball, Lyman L.","Baron, Herman.","Blanchard, Issac H.","Bleibel, Gustav.","Bowles, Esther A., Mrs.","Burose, Herman.","Cheff, Edmund Archael.","Craine, Benjamin H.","Hayes, Clarence Messenger.","Hediger, James D.","Hillmer, Davis B.","Hoffman, Clarence L.","Howie, George William.","Hughes, John Wesley.","Jackson, Harvey C.","James, Langford P.","Jones, J. F.","Lazarnick, Nathan.","Litynski, Walter E.","Mazur, Anthony","McMichael, A.G.","Merz, Charles J.","Mirecki, Albert J.","Phelps, C.A. (New Castle, IN)","Pipp, Frank H.","Poli, Faustino G.","Pollard, C.H.","Rentschler, Andrew.","Rochowiak, Stanley A.","Rotch, Otto.","Salter, Al.","Sowinski, Joseph.","Spellman, Delmar Driscoe.","Stone, Frank H.","Tomlinson, Frank N.","Wiederhold, John A.","Wright, Fred G.","Ziawinski, Felix.","Ziawinski, Joseph.","The material is in  English ."],"unitid_tesim":["wclgrfx000200"],"normalized_title_ssm":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985"],"collection_title_tesim":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985"],"collection_ssim":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985"],"repository_ssm":["University of Michigan. William L. Clements Library"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. William L. Clements Library"],"creator_ssm":["Tinder, David V."],"creator_ssim":["Tinder, David V."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Tinder, David V."],"creators_ssim":["Tinder, David V."],"acqinfo_ssim":["F-832, F-860, F-861, F-891, F-892, F-893, F-898, F-909, F-911, F-914, F-922, F-938, F-940, F-945, F-961, F-980, F-987, F-1004, F-1005, F-1014,  F-1017, F-1027, F-1028, F-1033, F-1054, F-1066, F-1067, F-1074, F-1076, F-1077, F-1113, F-1114 ."],"access_subjects_ssim":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography.","Photographs shelf.","Actors--Michigan--1900-1910.","Actresses--Michigan--1890-1910.","African American businesspeople--Michigan.","African American children--Portraits--Michigan.","African American choirs--Michigan.","African American churches--Michigan.","African American freemasons--Michigan.","African American judges--Michigan.","African American musicians--Michigan.","African Americans--Societies, etc.--Michigan.","African American students--Michigan.","African American Sunday schools--Michigan.","Agricultural laborers--Michigan.","Airports--Michigan.","Aircraft--Michigan--1930-1940.","Aircraft industry--Michigan.","Air shows--Michigan.","Amateur theater--Michigan.","Amusement parks--Michigan.","Animals on television--Michigan.","Asbestos--Michigan.","Automobile factories--Michigan.","Automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Automobile rallies--Michigan.","Automobiles--Michigan.","Automobiles--Design and construction--Michigan.","Balls (Parties)--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bands (Music)--Michigan.","Banquets--Michigan--1920-1930.","Barbers--Michigan.","Barbershops--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bar mitzvah--Michigan.","Bars (Drinking establishments)--Michigan.","Baseball players--Michigan.","Basketball courts--Michigan.","Basketball players--Michigan.","Beauty shops--Michigan.","Beekeepers--Michigan.","Bicycles \u0026 tricycles--Michigan--1890-1930.","Bicycle stores--Michigan.","Blacksmiths--Michigan.","Blizzards--Michigan.","Boats and boating--Michigan.","Boycotts--Michigan.","Breweries--Michigan.","Breweries--Employees--Michigan.","Brick trade--Michigan.","Bridges--Michigan--Detroit.","Broom and brush industry--Michigan.","Building construction--Michigan--1910-1930.","Buses--Michigan--1930-1940.","Business organizations--Michigan.","Business Schools--Michigan.","Button industry--Michigan.","Cafeterias--Michigan.","Camping--Michigan.","Canoes and canoeing--Michigan.","Carts \u0026 wagons--Michigan--1890-1910","Casinos--Michigan.","Catholic schools--Michigan.","Cemeteries--Michigan.","Chauffeurs--Michigan.","Chemical industry--Michigan.","Children's costumes--Michigan.","Children's parties--Michigan--1890-1900.","Children--Michigan--Portraits.","Children's choirs--Michigan.","Church buildings--Michigan.","Cigar industry--Michigan.","Circus animals--Michigan.","Circus performers--Michigan.","City councils--Michigan--Hamtramck (Mich.)","City halls--Michigan.","Commercial photography--Michigan.","Concert programs--Michigan.","Confirmation--Catholic Church--Michigan.","Construction workers--Michigan.","Coopers and Cooperage--Michigan.","Couples--Michigan--Portraits.","Creameries--Michigan.","Cross-country runners--Michigan.","Curling--Michigan.","Dairying--Michigan.","Delivery of goods--Michigan.","Diving--Michigan--1890-1900.","Docks--Michigan.","Dredges--Michigan.","Drugstores--Michigan.","Dwellings--Michigan.","Engines--Michigan.","Entertainers--Michigan--1900-1910.","Ethnic costume--Romania.","Ethnic groups--Michigan.","Exhibitions--Michigan--1880-1890.","Explosions--Michigan.","Factories--Employees--Michigan.","Factories--Michigan.","Families--Michigan--Portraits.","Fire fighters--Michigan.","Florists--Michigan.","Flour mills--Michigan.","Flower arrangements--Michigan--1920-1940.","Football players--Michigan--1900-1910.","Fraternal organizations--Michigan","Funeral rites \u0026 ceremonies--Michigan--1910-1930","Gardens--Michigan--1900-1910.","Gas power plants--Michigan.","Graduation (School)","Grocery trade--Michigan.","Hardware stores--Michigan.","Hat trade--Michigan.","High school students--Michigan.","Horse-drawn rail cars--Michigan.","Horse racing--Michigan--1920-1930","Hospitals--Michigan--Detroit.","Hotels--Michigan--1870-1890.","Ice industry--Michigan.","Insurance companies--Michigan.","Inventors--Michigan","Jazz musicians--Michigan","Kitchen utensils--Michigan.","Laboratories--Michigan.","Lakes--Michigan.","Libraries--Michigan--Detroit.","Lighthouses--Michigan.","Locomotives--Michigan.","Luggage industry--Michigan.","Mausoleums--Michigan.","Mechanical musical instruments--Michigan.","Men--Michigan--Portraits.","Men--Societies  and clubs--Michigan.","Metalworking industries--Michigan.","Military bands--Michigan.","Motion pictures--Michigan--1930-1940.","Motorboat racing--Michigan.","Music stores--Michigan.","Musicians--Michigan.","Nightclubs--Michigan.","Nursing schools--Michigan.","Occupational training--Michigan.","Offices--Michigan--1910-1930.","Old age homes--Michigan.","Opticians--Michigan.","Paddle steamers--Michigan.","Parade floats--Michigan.","Parades--Michigan.","Parks--Michigan--Detroit.","Photography--Societies, etc--Michigan.","Picnics--Michigan.","Playgrounds--Michigan.","Police--Michigan--Detroit.","Police stations--Michigan.","Political parades \u0026 rallies--Michigan--1900-1920.","Portraits, group--Michigan.","Postmortem photography--Michigan.","Power-plants--Design and construction--Michigan.","Priests--Michigan.","Prisons--Michigan.","Public architecture--Michigan.","Radio broadcasting--Michigan.","Railroad stations--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Design and construction--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Michigan.","Railroads--Employees--Michigan.","Railroads--Michigan.","Residential architecture--Michigan.","Restaurants--Michigan--1920-1930.","Sailors--Michigan.","School children--Michigan.","School buildings--Michigan.","School plays--Michigan.","School yearbooks--Michigan.","Ships--Launching--Michigan.","Ships--Michigan.","Shoes--Repairing--Michigan.","Skyscrapers--Michigan--Detroit.","Soccer players--Michigan--1920-1930","Soldiers--Michigan.","Souvenirs (Keepsakes)--Michigan.","Spanish-American War, 1898--Veterans--Michigan.","Stables--Michigan.","Steamboats--Michigan.","Steel foundries--Michigan.","Stove industry and trade--Michigan.","Street lighting--Michigan.","Street-railroads--Michigan.","Streets--Michigan.","Strikes and lockouts--Automobile industry--Michigan.","String bands--Michigan.","Storefronts--Michigan.","Teeth--Radiography--Michigan.","Television programs--Michigan.","Theaters--Michigan--1910-1920.","Threshing machines--Michigan--1900-1910.","Tour buses--Michigan.","Traffic signs \u0026 signals---Michigan--1930-1950","Train ferries--Michigan.","Trucks--Michigan--1920-1940.","Variety stores--Michigan.","Vocational education--Michigan.","Water mills--Michigan.","Water towers--Michigan.","Waterworks--Michigan.","Weddings--Michigan.","Women automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Women field hockey players--Michigan.","Women figure skaters--Michigan.","Women--Employment--Michigan--1910-1940.","Women--Michigan--Portraits.","Women--Societies and clubs--Michigan.","World War 1914-1918--Michigan.","Clippings.","Cyanotypes.","Documents.","Ephemera.","Pamphlets.","Photocopies.","Photographic prints.","Photomechanical prints.","Postage stamps."],"access_subjects_ssm":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography.","Photographs shelf.","Actors--Michigan--1900-1910.","Actresses--Michigan--1890-1910.","African American businesspeople--Michigan.","African American children--Portraits--Michigan.","African American choirs--Michigan.","African American churches--Michigan.","African American freemasons--Michigan.","African American judges--Michigan.","African American musicians--Michigan.","African Americans--Societies, etc.--Michigan.","African American students--Michigan.","African American Sunday schools--Michigan.","Agricultural laborers--Michigan.","Airports--Michigan.","Aircraft--Michigan--1930-1940.","Aircraft industry--Michigan.","Air shows--Michigan.","Amateur theater--Michigan.","Amusement parks--Michigan.","Animals on television--Michigan.","Asbestos--Michigan.","Automobile factories--Michigan.","Automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Automobile rallies--Michigan.","Automobiles--Michigan.","Automobiles--Design and construction--Michigan.","Balls (Parties)--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bands (Music)--Michigan.","Banquets--Michigan--1920-1930.","Barbers--Michigan.","Barbershops--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bar mitzvah--Michigan.","Bars (Drinking establishments)--Michigan.","Baseball players--Michigan.","Basketball courts--Michigan.","Basketball players--Michigan.","Beauty shops--Michigan.","Beekeepers--Michigan.","Bicycles \u0026 tricycles--Michigan--1890-1930.","Bicycle stores--Michigan.","Blacksmiths--Michigan.","Blizzards--Michigan.","Boats and boating--Michigan.","Boycotts--Michigan.","Breweries--Michigan.","Breweries--Employees--Michigan.","Brick trade--Michigan.","Bridges--Michigan--Detroit.","Broom and brush industry--Michigan.","Building construction--Michigan--1910-1930.","Buses--Michigan--1930-1940.","Business organizations--Michigan.","Business Schools--Michigan.","Button industry--Michigan.","Cafeterias--Michigan.","Camping--Michigan.","Canoes and canoeing--Michigan.","Carts \u0026 wagons--Michigan--1890-1910","Casinos--Michigan.","Catholic schools--Michigan.","Cemeteries--Michigan.","Chauffeurs--Michigan.","Chemical industry--Michigan.","Children's costumes--Michigan.","Children's parties--Michigan--1890-1900.","Children--Michigan--Portraits.","Children's choirs--Michigan.","Church buildings--Michigan.","Cigar industry--Michigan.","Circus animals--Michigan.","Circus performers--Michigan.","City councils--Michigan--Hamtramck (Mich.)","City halls--Michigan.","Commercial photography--Michigan.","Concert programs--Michigan.","Confirmation--Catholic Church--Michigan.","Construction workers--Michigan.","Coopers and Cooperage--Michigan.","Couples--Michigan--Portraits.","Creameries--Michigan.","Cross-country runners--Michigan.","Curling--Michigan.","Dairying--Michigan.","Delivery of goods--Michigan.","Diving--Michigan--1890-1900.","Docks--Michigan.","Dredges--Michigan.","Drugstores--Michigan.","Dwellings--Michigan.","Engines--Michigan.","Entertainers--Michigan--1900-1910.","Ethnic costume--Romania.","Ethnic groups--Michigan.","Exhibitions--Michigan--1880-1890.","Explosions--Michigan.","Factories--Employees--Michigan.","Factories--Michigan.","Families--Michigan--Portraits.","Fire fighters--Michigan.","Florists--Michigan.","Flour mills--Michigan.","Flower arrangements--Michigan--1920-1940.","Football players--Michigan--1900-1910.","Fraternal organizations--Michigan","Funeral rites \u0026 ceremonies--Michigan--1910-1930","Gardens--Michigan--1900-1910.","Gas power plants--Michigan.","Graduation (School)","Grocery trade--Michigan.","Hardware stores--Michigan.","Hat trade--Michigan.","High school students--Michigan.","Horse-drawn rail cars--Michigan.","Horse racing--Michigan--1920-1930","Hospitals--Michigan--Detroit.","Hotels--Michigan--1870-1890.","Ice industry--Michigan.","Insurance companies--Michigan.","Inventors--Michigan","Jazz musicians--Michigan","Kitchen utensils--Michigan.","Laboratories--Michigan.","Lakes--Michigan.","Libraries--Michigan--Detroit.","Lighthouses--Michigan.","Locomotives--Michigan.","Luggage industry--Michigan.","Mausoleums--Michigan.","Mechanical musical instruments--Michigan.","Men--Michigan--Portraits.","Men--Societies  and clubs--Michigan.","Metalworking industries--Michigan.","Military bands--Michigan.","Motion pictures--Michigan--1930-1940.","Motorboat racing--Michigan.","Music stores--Michigan.","Musicians--Michigan.","Nightclubs--Michigan.","Nursing schools--Michigan.","Occupational training--Michigan.","Offices--Michigan--1910-1930.","Old age homes--Michigan.","Opticians--Michigan.","Paddle steamers--Michigan.","Parade floats--Michigan.","Parades--Michigan.","Parks--Michigan--Detroit.","Photography--Societies, etc--Michigan.","Picnics--Michigan.","Playgrounds--Michigan.","Police--Michigan--Detroit.","Police stations--Michigan.","Political parades \u0026 rallies--Michigan--1900-1920.","Portraits, group--Michigan.","Postmortem photography--Michigan.","Power-plants--Design and construction--Michigan.","Priests--Michigan.","Prisons--Michigan.","Public architecture--Michigan.","Radio broadcasting--Michigan.","Railroad stations--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Design and construction--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Michigan.","Railroads--Employees--Michigan.","Railroads--Michigan.","Residential architecture--Michigan.","Restaurants--Michigan--1920-1930.","Sailors--Michigan.","School children--Michigan.","School buildings--Michigan.","School plays--Michigan.","School yearbooks--Michigan.","Ships--Launching--Michigan.","Ships--Michigan.","Shoes--Repairing--Michigan.","Skyscrapers--Michigan--Detroit.","Soccer players--Michigan--1920-1930","Soldiers--Michigan.","Souvenirs (Keepsakes)--Michigan.","Spanish-American War, 1898--Veterans--Michigan.","Stables--Michigan.","Steamboats--Michigan.","Steel foundries--Michigan.","Stove industry and trade--Michigan.","Street lighting--Michigan.","Street-railroads--Michigan.","Streets--Michigan.","Strikes and lockouts--Automobile industry--Michigan.","String bands--Michigan.","Storefronts--Michigan.","Teeth--Radiography--Michigan.","Television programs--Michigan.","Theaters--Michigan--1910-1920.","Threshing machines--Michigan--1900-1910.","Tour buses--Michigan.","Traffic signs \u0026 signals---Michigan--1930-1950","Train ferries--Michigan.","Trucks--Michigan--1920-1940.","Variety stores--Michigan.","Vocational education--Michigan.","Water mills--Michigan.","Water towers--Michigan.","Waterworks--Michigan.","Weddings--Michigan.","Women automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Women field hockey players--Michigan.","Women figure skaters--Michigan.","Women--Employment--Michigan--1910-1940.","Women--Michigan--Portraits.","Women--Societies and clubs--Michigan.","World War 1914-1918--Michigan.","Clippings.","Cyanotypes.","Documents.","Ephemera.","Pamphlets.","Photocopies.","Photographic prints.","Photomechanical prints.","Postage stamps."],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["1,937 photographs, 16 real photo stamps, 6 booklets, 101 pages, clippings and ephemera"],"extent_tesim":["1,937 photographs, 16 real photo stamps, 6 booklets, 101 pages, clippings and ephemera"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe city of Detroit and its vast metropolitan area has dominated the Wayne County area for centuries. Detroit was founded in 1701 as a French settlement with access to the Great Lakes and Canada and quickly became a strategic military post and trade center. It transferred to British control in 1760 during the Seven Years War and to United States governance in 1796. It became a chartered city in 1802, the capitol of the Michigan Territory in 1805, and Michigan’s first State Capital from 1837 to 1847. The city grew with an economy based largely on agriculture and trade in the early 19th century, becoming one of the nation’s prime manufacturing and cultural centers after the Civil War. Large industries based in the region included railroad equipment manufacturing, ship building, iron and steel production, stoves, pharmaceuticals, brewing, wagon making, and many others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe industrial strength of Detroit created a large middle-class society as well as vast wealth. In turn, this affluence supported cultural advancement, education, and the arts. Commercial photography studios thrived in this environment. Many prize-winning portrait photographers were based in Detroit, as were those specializing in architecture, and the documentation of industry and commerce.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe diversity of industry of late 19th century Detroit gave way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. The boom in wartime production during World War Two attracted workers from around the country and shifted the racial demographics of the city.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collapse of manufacturing industries, the disappearance of public transportation, and massive population shifts to the suburbs were factors in the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The city of Detroit and its vast metropolitan area has dominated the Wayne County area for centuries. Detroit was founded in 1701 as a French settlement with access to the Great Lakes and Canada and quickly became a strategic military post and trade center. It transferred to British control in 1760 during the Seven Years War and to United States governance in 1796. It became a chartered city in 1802, the capitol of the Michigan Territory in 1805, and Michigan’s first State Capital from 1837 to 1847. The city grew with an economy based largely on agriculture and trade in the early 19th century, becoming one of the nation’s prime manufacturing and cultural centers after the Civil War. Large industries based in the region included railroad equipment manufacturing, ship building, iron and steel production, stoves, pharmaceuticals, brewing, wagon making, and many others.","The industrial strength of Detroit created a large middle-class society as well as vast wealth. In turn, this affluence supported cultural advancement, education, and the arts. Commercial photography studios thrived in this environment. Many prize-winning portrait photographers were based in Detroit, as were those specializing in architecture, and the documentation of industry and commerce.","The diversity of industry of late 19th century Detroit gave way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. The boom in wartime production during World War Two attracted workers from around the country and shifted the racial demographics of the city.","The collapse of manufacturing industries, the disappearance of public transportation, and massive population shifts to the suburbs were factors in the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncluded in the Wayne County file of the David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography are images of urban Detroit, people in their places of work, at home, at leisure, and participating in social activities and in fraternal and religious organizations. Numerous images show industrial manufacturing, urban transportation, and civic infrastructure. Activities related to entertainment, sports, parades, and the arts are well represented. The many portraits photographs include formal posed images, casual snapshots, workplace groups and fraternal organizations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA vast majority of the photographs are the work of commercial photographers, with some amateurs. A significant number of photos were taken by Detroit News and Detroit Free Press photographers. Almost all the images present would be considered vernacular photos rather than fine art; however, many are carefully composed with strong aesthetic characteristics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough the photos have been largely sorted by subject, related materials may be present outside of the subject categories, i.e., images of transportation can also be found in the categories Architecture, Business and Commerce, Group Portraits, and in other sections outside of Transportation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the photos in this collection were taken in Detroit during the era of rapid population growth and industrial development around the turn of the century. The diversity of industry that appears in the late 19th century images can be seen giving way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. Evidence of the rich residential lifestyles and multi-ethnic cultures of the Detroit area appear in many images.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the fringe of the collection’s scope are images of the demolition of factories, the disappearance of public transportation, and racial unrest during the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIt should be noted that while most of the collection are mounted and unmounted photographic prints, there are a few bound items as well as printed ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection has been organized into various categories by subject. The first group of photos is comprised of those that did not fit neatly under other categories. These include views of military encampments, disasters and firefighting, civic unrest, commercial product promotions, and other miscellaneous topics. Of particular note is a charming outdoor children’s party scene by amateur photographer Robert R. Oesterreich (no. 9); a double portrait montage by Tony Spina of John F. Kennedy and Robert F. Kennedy, both speaking at Campus Martius (no. 14); the high quality photomechanical prints of Detroit scenes and architecture in the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDetroit Illustrated.\u003c/emph\u003e (no. 16); and a collection of 28 miscellaneous nightclub souvenir photographs dating from the 1940s-1980s (no. 20). The rest of the material falls under the following categories:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eTransportation:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e243 photographs. Material is divided between the following sub-categories: Automobiles and Trucks (56 photographs), Aircraft (18 photographs), Railroads and Trains (58 photographs), Streetcars and Trolleys (20 photographs), Roads and Infrastructure (33 photographs), Wagons (20 photographs), Maritime (38 photographs).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOf note are a photograph of an African American couple posed with a new V-8 Ford (no. 71.3); construction photos of the Detroit River railroad tunnel (no. 95); Goebel’s Brewing Co. delivery wagons (no. 98); and a view of the steamboat \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTashmoo\u003c/emph\u003e at speed on the Detroit River (no. 110).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003ePerformers:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e107 photographs, most of which (113 photographs) are contained in the sub-category Music and Musicians. Of particular note are numerous photos of community brass bands, a photo of John Philip Sousa and his band at Grand Circus Park (no. 122); an image of the inventor Charles Crawford and his patented \"Pickaphone\" mechanism for playing stringed instruments, ca. 1888 (no. 123); and copy prints of two important early jazz bands, Finney’s Orchestra (no. 131) and McKinney’s Cotton Pickers (no. 132).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003ePortraits:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e505 photographs. Material is divided into the following sub-categories: Individuals (172 photographs), Groups (133 photographs), Children (97 photographs), Weddings (64 photographs), Confirmation and Communion (41 photographs). Of particular interest are a photograph of Joan Baxter and her Hot Dog Cooker (no. 137); three 1860's portraits of members of the Hawley family of Detroit (no. 141), one of which is inscribed with enlargement instructions ca.1901 on its verso; and a portrait of politician and founder of the Republican Party Zachariah Chandler, taken by Benjamin Powelson ca. 1880 (no. 142).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOf the many notable images within the Groups category are an outstanding image of sixteen Packard Motor Car Company employees piled onto a 1911 Packard in front of the then new Packard factory on West Grand Blvd. (no. 144.9); a group of African American women engaged in a ceremonial burning of the mortgage of the Phyllis Wheatley Home for Aged Colored Ladies (no. 162); and a portrait of members of the Direct Credits Society, a Great Depression-era wealth redistribution movement founded by Alfred Lawson (no. 166).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eParades:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e54 photographs. Many scenes of massive parades in Detroit. Of note is a series of photographs of women marching in a racially-integrated United Spanish War Veterans Parade, ca.1940 (no. 179); and a view of five young women in a florally decorated early automobile (no. 180.11).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eBusiness \u0026amp; Commerce:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e319 photographs. Where possible, material has been divided into the following sub-categories: Business Exteriors (52 photographs), Business Interiors (125 photographs), Construction (22 photographs), Ford Motor Company (19 photographs). Of note is an image of a group of brewers tapping a keg at the Marx Brewing Co. (no. 186.1); Candler Dock \u0026amp; Dredge Co. workers and surveyors building a dock, taken by the Manning Bros. ca 1920s (no. 192); women rolling cigars at the R.G. Dunn factory, 1909 (no. 204); workers fabricating automobile bodies at the Briggs Manufacturing Co. ca. 1910s (no. 206);interior view of the Burroughs Adding Machine factory (no 209.11); the Penobscot Building construction in three stages ca 1928 (no. 217); and two fold-out panoramic photos of the Ford complex at River Rouge taken by Otto Rotch in 1925 (no. 218).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eViews:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e86 photographs. Material is divided into Street Views (28 photographs), Residential Views (51 photographs), and Aerial Views (7 photographs).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eArchitecture:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e69 photographs. Of particular note is a charming view of a small inn at Springwells, Mich., the International Exposition House ca. 1889 (no. 235); an 1870's print of the large Russell House Hotel in Detroit (no. 238); and a panoramic view of downtown Detroit at its peak, taken by the Murray Studio in the 1920s (no. 240.18).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eLabor \u0026amp; Unemployment:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8 photographs primarily focused on unemployment during the Great Depression. Of note is a group photo of the striking Journeyman Bakers International Union in 1902 (no. 248).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eAthletes \u0026amp; Athletics:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e58 photographs. Of particular note are a copy-print of a 1910 Detroit Tigers team photo featuring Hall of Famer Ty Cobb (no. 261); a series of 3 group photographs of an early soccer team, Michigan Alkali F.C. in 1923 (no. 265); Wyandotte baseball teams (no. 266);. The Slocum’s Island baseball champions of 1882 (no. 272.4); and a 1943 curling team (no. 273).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eClassrooms \u0026amp; Schools:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e38 photographs. Of particular interest are a student group in front of a one-room schoolhouse at Cherry Hill in 1934 (no. 280.11); a kindergarten band at Clippert School taken by the Manning Bros. (no. 280.20); and a ca.1936 Lincoln Park High School album with personal snapshots and autographs of classmates (no. 279).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003ePlaces of Worship \u0026amp; Religious Activities:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e43 photographs. One of several images related to African American church congregations shows members of an A.M.E. church dressed in \"traditional\" African garb ca.1920-1930 (no. 284).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eParks:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e112 photographs. Of particular focus is Belle Isle (approx. 50 photographs) and Waterworks Park. A series of Belle Isle views taken in 1889 by Holcombe \u0026amp; Metzen is particularly picturesque (no. 297.1-9).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eFunerals \u0026amp; Postmortem Photography:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e14 photographs. These photographs date from the 1910s-1930s and are mostly photographs of open caskets surrounded by the deceased's family.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Included in the Wayne County file of the David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography are images of urban Detroit, people in their places of work, at home, at leisure, and participating in social activities and in fraternal and religious organizations. Numerous images show industrial manufacturing, urban transportation, and civic infrastructure. Activities related to entertainment, sports, parades, and the arts are well represented. The many portraits photographs include formal posed images, casual snapshots, workplace groups and fraternal organizations.","A vast majority of the photographs are the work of commercial photographers, with some amateurs. A significant number of photos were taken by Detroit News and Detroit Free Press photographers. Almost all the images present would be considered vernacular photos rather than fine art; however, many are carefully composed with strong aesthetic characteristics.","Although the photos have been largely sorted by subject, related materials may be present outside of the subject categories, i.e., images of transportation can also be found in the categories Architecture, Business and Commerce, Group Portraits, and in other sections outside of Transportation.","The bulk of the photos in this collection were taken in Detroit during the era of rapid population growth and industrial development around the turn of the century. The diversity of industry that appears in the late 19th century images can be seen giving way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. Evidence of the rich residential lifestyles and multi-ethnic cultures of the Detroit area appear in many images.","At the fringe of the collection’s scope are images of the demolition of factories, the disappearance of public transportation, and racial unrest during the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century.","It should be noted that while most of the collection are mounted and unmounted photographic prints, there are a few bound items as well as printed ephemera.","The collection has been organized into various categories by subject. The first group of photos is comprised of those that did not fit neatly under other categories. These include views of military encampments, disasters and firefighting, civic unrest, commercial product promotions, and other miscellaneous topics. Of particular note is a charming outdoor children’s party scene by amateur photographer Robert R. Oesterreich (no. 9); a double portrait montage by Tony Spina of John F. Kennedy and Robert F. Kennedy, both speaking at Campus Martius (no. 14); the high quality photomechanical prints of Detroit scenes and architecture in the  Detroit Illustrated.  (no. 16); and a collection of 28 miscellaneous nightclub souvenir photographs dating from the 1940s-1980s (no. 20). The rest of the material falls under the following categories:","Transportation: 243 photographs. Material is divided between the following sub-categories: Automobiles and Trucks (56 photographs), Aircraft (18 photographs), Railroads and Trains (58 photographs), Streetcars and Trolleys (20 photographs), Roads and Infrastructure (33 photographs), Wagons (20 photographs), Maritime (38 photographs).","Of note are a photograph of an African American couple posed with a new V-8 Ford (no. 71.3); construction photos of the Detroit River railroad tunnel (no. 95); Goebel’s Brewing Co. delivery wagons (no. 98); and a view of the steamboat  Tashmoo  at speed on the Detroit River (no. 110).","Performers: 107 photographs, most of which (113 photographs) are contained in the sub-category Music and Musicians. Of particular note are numerous photos of community brass bands, a photo of John Philip Sousa and his band at Grand Circus Park (no. 122); an image of the inventor Charles Crawford and his patented \"Pickaphone\" mechanism for playing stringed instruments, ca. 1888 (no. 123); and copy prints of two important early jazz bands, Finney’s Orchestra (no. 131) and McKinney’s Cotton Pickers (no. 132).","Portraits: 505 photographs. Material is divided into the following sub-categories: Individuals (172 photographs), Groups (133 photographs), Children (97 photographs), Weddings (64 photographs), Confirmation and Communion (41 photographs). Of particular interest are a photograph of Joan Baxter and her Hot Dog Cooker (no. 137); three 1860's portraits of members of the Hawley family of Detroit (no. 141), one of which is inscribed with enlargement instructions ca.1901 on its verso; and a portrait of politician and founder of the Republican Party Zachariah Chandler, taken by Benjamin Powelson ca. 1880 (no. 142).","Of the many notable images within the Groups category are an outstanding image of sixteen Packard Motor Car Company employees piled onto a 1911 Packard in front of the then new Packard factory on West Grand Blvd. (no. 144.9); a group of African American women engaged in a ceremonial burning of the mortgage of the Phyllis Wheatley Home for Aged Colored Ladies (no. 162); and a portrait of members of the Direct Credits Society, a Great Depression-era wealth redistribution movement founded by Alfred Lawson (no. 166).","Parades: 54 photographs. Many scenes of massive parades in Detroit. Of note is a series of photographs of women marching in a racially-integrated United Spanish War Veterans Parade, ca.1940 (no. 179); and a view of five young women in a florally decorated early automobile (no. 180.11).","Business \u0026 Commerce: 319 photographs. Where possible, material has been divided into the following sub-categories: Business Exteriors (52 photographs), Business Interiors (125 photographs), Construction (22 photographs), Ford Motor Company (19 photographs). Of note is an image of a group of brewers tapping a keg at the Marx Brewing Co. (no. 186.1); Candler Dock \u0026 Dredge Co. workers and surveyors building a dock, taken by the Manning Bros. ca 1920s (no. 192); women rolling cigars at the R.G. Dunn factory, 1909 (no. 204); workers fabricating automobile bodies at the Briggs Manufacturing Co. ca. 1910s (no. 206);interior view of the Burroughs Adding Machine factory (no 209.11); the Penobscot Building construction in three stages ca 1928 (no. 217); and two fold-out panoramic photos of the Ford complex at River Rouge taken by Otto Rotch in 1925 (no. 218).","Views: 86 photographs. Material is divided into Street Views (28 photographs), Residential Views (51 photographs), and Aerial Views (7 photographs).","Architecture: 69 photographs. Of particular note is a charming view of a small inn at Springwells, Mich., the International Exposition House ca. 1889 (no. 235); an 1870's print of the large Russell House Hotel in Detroit (no. 238); and a panoramic view of downtown Detroit at its peak, taken by the Murray Studio in the 1920s (no. 240.18).","Labor \u0026 Unemployment: 8 photographs primarily focused on unemployment during the Great Depression. Of note is a group photo of the striking Journeyman Bakers International Union in 1902 (no. 248).","Athletes \u0026 Athletics: 58 photographs. Of particular note are a copy-print of a 1910 Detroit Tigers team photo featuring Hall of Famer Ty Cobb (no. 261); a series of 3 group photographs of an early soccer team, Michigan Alkali F.C. in 1923 (no. 265); Wyandotte baseball teams (no. 266);. The Slocum’s Island baseball champions of 1882 (no. 272.4); and a 1943 curling team (no. 273).","Classrooms \u0026 Schools: 38 photographs. Of particular interest are a student group in front of a one-room schoolhouse at Cherry Hill in 1934 (no. 280.11); a kindergarten band at Clippert School taken by the Manning Bros. (no. 280.20); and a ca.1936 Lincoln Park High School album with personal snapshots and autographs of classmates (no. 279).","Places of Worship \u0026 Religious Activities: 43 photographs. One of several images related to African American church congregations shows members of an A.M.E. church dressed in \"traditional\" African garb ca.1920-1930 (no. 284).","Parks: 112 photographs. Of particular focus is Belle Isle (approx. 50 photographs) and Waterworks Park. A series of Belle Isle views taken in 1889 by Holcombe \u0026 Metzen is particularly picturesque (no. 297.1-9).","Funerals \u0026 Postmortem Photography: 14 photographs. These photographs date from the 1910s-1930s and are mostly photographs of open caskets surrounded by the deceased's family."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract\u003eThe collection contains photographs of Wayne County, Michigan. Included are numerous urban scenes and images of everyday life, primarily in the Metropolitan Detroit area between 1860 and the mid-20th century. The bulk of the photographs were taken between 1890 and 1930. A very wide range of topics is represented, among them commercial and residential architecture, urban infrastructure, public and private spaces, civic and domestic activities, individual and group portraits, and events from across the social spectrum.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains photographs of Wayne County, Michigan. Included are numerous urban scenes and images of everyday life, primarily in the Metropolitan Detroit area between 1860 and the mid-20th century. The bulk of the photographs were taken between 1890 and 1930. A very wide range of topics is represented, among them commercial and residential architecture, urban infrastructure, public and private spaces, civic and domestic activities, individual and group portraits, and events from across the social spectrum."],"names_ssim":["William L. Clements Library , University of Michigan","American Red Cross.","Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine for North America.","BASF Wyandotte Corporation.","Cartercar Co.","Catholic Church--Clergy--Michigan.","Detroit College of Medicine.","Detroit Institute of Arts.","Detroit Museum of Art.","Detroit Opera House.","Detroit Red Wings (Hockey team)","Detroit Symphony Orchestra.","Detroit, Toledo and Ironton Railroad.","Dodge Brothers.","Ford Motor Company.","Ford Motor Company--Employees.","Ford Motor Company. Rouge River Plant.","Ford Rotunda (Dearborn, Mich.)","General Motors Corporation.","Henry Ford Museum and Greenfield Village.","Hudson's (Department store)","International Union, United Automobile Workers of America (CIO)","Journeymen Bakers National Union of the United States.","Knights of Pythias.","Knights Templar (Masonic order)","Michigan Central Railroad Company.","Michigan. National Guard.","Michigan Stove Company.","Tiger Stadium (Detroit, Mich.)","United States. Army--Recruiting, enlistment, etc.--Michigan.","United States. Army. Reserve Officers' Training Corps.","YMCA of the USA.","Young Women's Christian Association.","Agdan Photographic.","Alliance Commercial Photo Co.","Alvord \u0026 Co.","American Commercial Photo Co.","Arthur Studio.","Babas Studio.","Baker Art Studio.","Baker Studio.","Ballaun Studio.","Bonish Studio.","Brown \u0026 Co.","Charles Hopp \u0026 Co.","Club Photos Inc.","Commercial Photo Service Co.","Cousins Art Studio.","Davison Photo Studio.","Deluxe Theatrical Studio.","Detroit Edison Co.","Detroit News Staff.","Fotografia Italiana (G. Lanni \u0026 Co.)","General Motors Photographic Section.","Harbican Studio.","Hoffman Studio.","Holcombe \u0026 Metzen.","Holgate Studio.","Huntington \u0026 Clark.","Litynski-Jakubowski Co.","MacGregor and Company.","Manning Bros.","Metropolitan Art Studio.","Modernistic Photo Studio.","New Chene Studio.","P. Pieronek Studio.","Rembrandt Studios.","Rentschler's Studio.","Smart Set Studio.","Smith Brothers Commerical Photographers.","Spencer \u0026 Wyckoff.","Spooner \u0026 Wells, Inc.","Tiffany Photographic Studio.","Ziawinski Bros.","Tinder, David V.","Grant, Ulysses S. (Ulysses Simpson), 1822-1885--Homes and haunts.","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963.","Kennedy, Robert F., 1925-1968.","Robeson, Paul, 1898-1976.","Sousa, John Philip, 1854-1932.","Arthur, Edward J.","Baker, Chas. R.","Ball, Lyman L.","Baron, Herman.","Blanchard, Issac H.","Bleibel, Gustav.","Bowles, Esther A., Mrs.","Burose, Herman.","Cheff, Edmund Archael.","Craine, Benjamin H.","Hayes, Clarence Messenger.","Hediger, James D.","Hillmer, Davis B.","Hoffman, Clarence L.","Howie, George William.","Hughes, John Wesley.","Jackson, Harvey C.","James, Langford P.","Jones, J. F.","Lazarnick, Nathan.","Litynski, Walter E.","Mazur, Anthony","McMichael, A.G.","Merz, Charles J.","Mirecki, Albert J.","Phelps, C.A. (New Castle, IN)","Pipp, Frank H.","Poli, Faustino G.","Pollard, C.H.","Rentschler, Andrew.","Rochowiak, Stanley A.","Rotch, Otto.","Salter, Al.","Sowinski, Joseph.","Spellman, Delmar Driscoe.","Stone, Frank H.","Tomlinson, Frank N.","Wiederhold, John A.","Wright, Fred G.","Ziawinski, Felix.","Ziawinski, Joseph."],"corpname_ssim":["William L. Clements Library , University of Michigan","American Red Cross.","Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine for North America.","BASF Wyandotte Corporation.","Cartercar Co.","Catholic Church--Clergy--Michigan.","Detroit College of Medicine.","Detroit Institute of Arts.","Detroit Museum of Art.","Detroit Opera House.","Detroit Red Wings (Hockey team)","Detroit Symphony Orchestra.","Detroit, Toledo and Ironton Railroad.","Dodge Brothers.","Ford Motor Company.","Ford Motor Company--Employees.","Ford Motor Company. Rouge River Plant.","Ford Rotunda (Dearborn, Mich.)","General Motors Corporation.","Henry Ford Museum and Greenfield Village.","Hudson's (Department store)","International Union, United Automobile Workers of America (CIO)","Journeymen Bakers National Union of the United States.","Knights of Pythias.","Knights Templar (Masonic order)","Michigan Central Railroad Company.","Michigan. National Guard.","Michigan Stove Company.","Tiger Stadium (Detroit, Mich.)","United States. Army--Recruiting, enlistment, etc.--Michigan.","United States. Army. Reserve Officers' Training Corps.","YMCA of the USA.","Young Women's Christian Association.","Agdan Photographic.","Alliance Commercial Photo Co.","Alvord \u0026 Co.","American Commercial Photo Co.","Arthur Studio.","Babas Studio.","Baker Art Studio.","Baker Studio.","Ballaun Studio.","Bonish Studio.","Brown \u0026 Co.","Charles Hopp \u0026 Co.","Club Photos Inc.","Commercial Photo Service Co.","Cousins Art Studio.","Davison Photo Studio.","Deluxe Theatrical Studio.","Detroit Edison Co.","Detroit News Staff.","Fotografia Italiana (G. Lanni \u0026 Co.)","General Motors Photographic Section.","Harbican Studio.","Hoffman Studio.","Holcombe \u0026 Metzen.","Holgate Studio.","Huntington \u0026 Clark.","Litynski-Jakubowski Co.","MacGregor and Company.","Manning Bros.","Metropolitan Art Studio.","Modernistic Photo Studio.","New Chene Studio.","P. Pieronek Studio.","Rembrandt Studios.","Rentschler's Studio.","Smart Set Studio.","Smith Brothers Commerical Photographers.","Spencer \u0026 Wyckoff.","Spooner \u0026 Wells, Inc.","Tiffany Photographic Studio.","Ziawinski Bros."],"persname_ssim":["Tinder, David V.","Grant, Ulysses S. (Ulysses Simpson), 1822-1885--Homes and haunts.","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963.","Kennedy, Robert F., 1925-1968.","Robeson, Paul, 1898-1976.","Sousa, John Philip, 1854-1932.","Arthur, Edward J.","Baker, Chas. R.","Ball, Lyman L.","Baron, Herman.","Blanchard, Issac H.","Bleibel, Gustav.","Bowles, Esther A., Mrs.","Burose, Herman.","Cheff, Edmund Archael.","Craine, Benjamin H.","Hayes, Clarence Messenger.","Hediger, James D.","Hillmer, Davis B.","Hoffman, Clarence L.","Howie, George William.","Hughes, John Wesley.","Jackson, Harvey C.","James, Langford P.","Jones, J. F.","Lazarnick, Nathan.","Litynski, Walter E.","Mazur, Anthony","McMichael, A.G.","Merz, Charles J.","Mirecki, Albert J.","Phelps, C.A. (New Castle, IN)","Pipp, Frank H.","Poli, Faustino G.","Pollard, C.H.","Rentschler, Andrew.","Rochowiak, Stanley A.","Rotch, Otto.","Salter, Al.","Sowinski, Joseph.","Spellman, Delmar Driscoe.","Stone, Frank H.","Tomlinson, Frank N.","Wiederhold, John A.","Wright, Fred G.","Ziawinski, Felix.","Ziawinski, Joseph."],"language_ssim":["The material is in  English ."],"descrules_ssm":["Finding aid prepared using Describing Archives: A Content Standard (DACS)"],"total_component_count_is":365,"online_item_count_is":15,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:25:22.393Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_420f3b3b77de60beb668ebd3b74e5f17106736a8"}},{"id":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_5713a36d0ee386bfb7e50feb5a505a8c62adb35a","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"56. [1952 city of Dearborn taxi driver license]","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_5713a36d0ee386bfb7e50feb5a505a8c62adb35a#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"al_5713a36d0ee386bfb7e50feb5a505a8c62adb35a","ref_ssm":["al_5713a36d0ee386bfb7e50feb5a505a8c62adb35a","al_5713a36d0ee386bfb7e50feb5a505a8c62adb35a"],"id":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_5713a36d0ee386bfb7e50feb5a505a8c62adb35a","title_filing_ssi":"56. [1952 city of Dearborn taxi driver license]","title_ssm":["56. [1952 city of Dearborn taxi driver license]"],"title_tesim":["56. [1952 city of Dearborn taxi driver license]"],"normalized_title_ssm":["56. [1952 city of Dearborn taxi driver license]"],"text":["56. [1952 city of Dearborn taxi driver license]","David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","David V. Tinder collection of Michigan photography, County File, Wayne County, Box 3"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ssim":["umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","al_a1b85d5af6cea949749e7332d58fa46d61e38acd"],"parent_ssi":"al_a1b85d5af6cea949749e7332d58fa46d61e38acd","parent_ids_ssim":["umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_a1b85d5af6cea949749e7332d58fa46d61e38acd"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","David V. Tinder collection of Michigan photography, County File, Wayne County, Box 3"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","David V. Tinder collection of Michigan photography, County File, Wayne County, Box 3"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. William L. Clements Library"],"collection_ssim":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985"],"extent_ssm":["1 photograph"],"extent_tesim":["1 photograph"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":60,"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#1","_nest_parent_":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_a1b85d5af6cea949749e7332d58fa46d61e38acd","_root_":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:25:22.393Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","title_ssm":["  David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","Tinder, David V., Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County"],"title_tesim":["  David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","Tinder, David V., Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County"],"ead_ssi":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["wclgrfx000200"],"text":["wclgrfx000200","David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography.","Photographs shelf.","Actors--Michigan--1900-1910.","Actresses--Michigan--1890-1910.","African American businesspeople--Michigan.","African American children--Portraits--Michigan.","African American choirs--Michigan.","African American churches--Michigan.","African American freemasons--Michigan.","African American judges--Michigan.","African American musicians--Michigan.","African Americans--Societies, etc.--Michigan.","African American students--Michigan.","African American Sunday schools--Michigan.","Agricultural laborers--Michigan.","Airports--Michigan.","Aircraft--Michigan--1930-1940.","Aircraft industry--Michigan.","Air shows--Michigan.","Amateur theater--Michigan.","Amusement parks--Michigan.","Animals on television--Michigan.","Asbestos--Michigan.","Automobile factories--Michigan.","Automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Automobile rallies--Michigan.","Automobiles--Michigan.","Automobiles--Design and construction--Michigan.","Balls (Parties)--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bands (Music)--Michigan.","Banquets--Michigan--1920-1930.","Barbers--Michigan.","Barbershops--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bar mitzvah--Michigan.","Bars (Drinking establishments)--Michigan.","Baseball players--Michigan.","Basketball courts--Michigan.","Basketball players--Michigan.","Beauty shops--Michigan.","Beekeepers--Michigan.","Bicycles \u0026 tricycles--Michigan--1890-1930.","Bicycle stores--Michigan.","Blacksmiths--Michigan.","Blizzards--Michigan.","Boats and boating--Michigan.","Boycotts--Michigan.","Breweries--Michigan.","Breweries--Employees--Michigan.","Brick trade--Michigan.","Bridges--Michigan--Detroit.","Broom and brush industry--Michigan.","Building construction--Michigan--1910-1930.","Buses--Michigan--1930-1940.","Business organizations--Michigan.","Business Schools--Michigan.","Button industry--Michigan.","Cafeterias--Michigan.","Camping--Michigan.","Canoes and canoeing--Michigan.","Carts \u0026 wagons--Michigan--1890-1910","Casinos--Michigan.","Catholic schools--Michigan.","Cemeteries--Michigan.","Chauffeurs--Michigan.","Chemical industry--Michigan.","Children's costumes--Michigan.","Children's parties--Michigan--1890-1900.","Children--Michigan--Portraits.","Children's choirs--Michigan.","Church buildings--Michigan.","Cigar industry--Michigan.","Circus animals--Michigan.","Circus performers--Michigan.","City councils--Michigan--Hamtramck (Mich.)","City halls--Michigan.","Commercial photography--Michigan.","Concert programs--Michigan.","Confirmation--Catholic Church--Michigan.","Construction workers--Michigan.","Coopers and Cooperage--Michigan.","Couples--Michigan--Portraits.","Creameries--Michigan.","Cross-country runners--Michigan.","Curling--Michigan.","Dairying--Michigan.","Delivery of goods--Michigan.","Diving--Michigan--1890-1900.","Docks--Michigan.","Dredges--Michigan.","Drugstores--Michigan.","Dwellings--Michigan.","Engines--Michigan.","Entertainers--Michigan--1900-1910.","Ethnic costume--Romania.","Ethnic groups--Michigan.","Exhibitions--Michigan--1880-1890.","Explosions--Michigan.","Factories--Employees--Michigan.","Factories--Michigan.","Families--Michigan--Portraits.","Fire fighters--Michigan.","Florists--Michigan.","Flour mills--Michigan.","Flower arrangements--Michigan--1920-1940.","Football players--Michigan--1900-1910.","Fraternal organizations--Michigan","Funeral rites \u0026 ceremonies--Michigan--1910-1930","Gardens--Michigan--1900-1910.","Gas power plants--Michigan.","Graduation (School)","Grocery trade--Michigan.","Hardware stores--Michigan.","Hat trade--Michigan.","High school students--Michigan.","Horse-drawn rail cars--Michigan.","Horse racing--Michigan--1920-1930","Hospitals--Michigan--Detroit.","Hotels--Michigan--1870-1890.","Ice industry--Michigan.","Insurance companies--Michigan.","Inventors--Michigan","Jazz musicians--Michigan","Kitchen utensils--Michigan.","Laboratories--Michigan.","Lakes--Michigan.","Libraries--Michigan--Detroit.","Lighthouses--Michigan.","Locomotives--Michigan.","Luggage industry--Michigan.","Mausoleums--Michigan.","Mechanical musical instruments--Michigan.","Men--Michigan--Portraits.","Men--Societies  and clubs--Michigan.","Metalworking industries--Michigan.","Military bands--Michigan.","Motion pictures--Michigan--1930-1940.","Motorboat racing--Michigan.","Music stores--Michigan.","Musicians--Michigan.","Nightclubs--Michigan.","Nursing schools--Michigan.","Occupational training--Michigan.","Offices--Michigan--1910-1930.","Old age homes--Michigan.","Opticians--Michigan.","Paddle steamers--Michigan.","Parade floats--Michigan.","Parades--Michigan.","Parks--Michigan--Detroit.","Photography--Societies, etc--Michigan.","Picnics--Michigan.","Playgrounds--Michigan.","Police--Michigan--Detroit.","Police stations--Michigan.","Political parades \u0026 rallies--Michigan--1900-1920.","Portraits, group--Michigan.","Postmortem photography--Michigan.","Power-plants--Design and construction--Michigan.","Priests--Michigan.","Prisons--Michigan.","Public architecture--Michigan.","Radio broadcasting--Michigan.","Railroad stations--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Design and construction--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Michigan.","Railroads--Employees--Michigan.","Railroads--Michigan.","Residential architecture--Michigan.","Restaurants--Michigan--1920-1930.","Sailors--Michigan.","School children--Michigan.","School buildings--Michigan.","School plays--Michigan.","School yearbooks--Michigan.","Ships--Launching--Michigan.","Ships--Michigan.","Shoes--Repairing--Michigan.","Skyscrapers--Michigan--Detroit.","Soccer players--Michigan--1920-1930","Soldiers--Michigan.","Souvenirs (Keepsakes)--Michigan.","Spanish-American War, 1898--Veterans--Michigan.","Stables--Michigan.","Steamboats--Michigan.","Steel foundries--Michigan.","Stove industry and trade--Michigan.","Street lighting--Michigan.","Street-railroads--Michigan.","Streets--Michigan.","Strikes and lockouts--Automobile industry--Michigan.","String bands--Michigan.","Storefronts--Michigan.","Teeth--Radiography--Michigan.","Television programs--Michigan.","Theaters--Michigan--1910-1920.","Threshing machines--Michigan--1900-1910.","Tour buses--Michigan.","Traffic signs \u0026 signals---Michigan--1930-1950","Train ferries--Michigan.","Trucks--Michigan--1920-1940.","Variety stores--Michigan.","Vocational education--Michigan.","Water mills--Michigan.","Water towers--Michigan.","Waterworks--Michigan.","Weddings--Michigan.","Women automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Women field hockey players--Michigan.","Women figure skaters--Michigan.","Women--Employment--Michigan--1910-1940.","Women--Michigan--Portraits.","Women--Societies and clubs--Michigan.","World War 1914-1918--Michigan.","Clippings.","Cyanotypes.","Documents.","Ephemera.","Pamphlets.","Photocopies.","Photographic prints.","Photomechanical prints.","Postage stamps.","The city of Detroit and its vast metropolitan area has dominated the Wayne County area for centuries. Detroit was founded in 1701 as a French settlement with access to the Great Lakes and Canada and quickly became a strategic military post and trade center. It transferred to British control in 1760 during the Seven Years War and to United States governance in 1796. It became a chartered city in 1802, the capitol of the Michigan Territory in 1805, and Michigan’s first State Capital from 1837 to 1847. The city grew with an economy based largely on agriculture and trade in the early 19th century, becoming one of the nation’s prime manufacturing and cultural centers after the Civil War. Large industries based in the region included railroad equipment manufacturing, ship building, iron and steel production, stoves, pharmaceuticals, brewing, wagon making, and many others.","The industrial strength of Detroit created a large middle-class society as well as vast wealth. In turn, this affluence supported cultural advancement, education, and the arts. Commercial photography studios thrived in this environment. Many prize-winning portrait photographers were based in Detroit, as were those specializing in architecture, and the documentation of industry and commerce.","The diversity of industry of late 19th century Detroit gave way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. The boom in wartime production during World War Two attracted workers from around the country and shifted the racial demographics of the city.","The collapse of manufacturing industries, the disappearance of public transportation, and massive population shifts to the suburbs were factors in the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century.","Included in the Wayne County file of the David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography are images of urban Detroit, people in their places of work, at home, at leisure, and participating in social activities and in fraternal and religious organizations. Numerous images show industrial manufacturing, urban transportation, and civic infrastructure. Activities related to entertainment, sports, parades, and the arts are well represented. The many portraits photographs include formal posed images, casual snapshots, workplace groups and fraternal organizations.","A vast majority of the photographs are the work of commercial photographers, with some amateurs. A significant number of photos were taken by Detroit News and Detroit Free Press photographers. Almost all the images present would be considered vernacular photos rather than fine art; however, many are carefully composed with strong aesthetic characteristics.","Although the photos have been largely sorted by subject, related materials may be present outside of the subject categories, i.e., images of transportation can also be found in the categories Architecture, Business and Commerce, Group Portraits, and in other sections outside of Transportation.","The bulk of the photos in this collection were taken in Detroit during the era of rapid population growth and industrial development around the turn of the century. The diversity of industry that appears in the late 19th century images can be seen giving way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. Evidence of the rich residential lifestyles and multi-ethnic cultures of the Detroit area appear in many images.","At the fringe of the collection’s scope are images of the demolition of factories, the disappearance of public transportation, and racial unrest during the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century.","It should be noted that while most of the collection are mounted and unmounted photographic prints, there are a few bound items as well as printed ephemera.","The collection has been organized into various categories by subject. The first group of photos is comprised of those that did not fit neatly under other categories. These include views of military encampments, disasters and firefighting, civic unrest, commercial product promotions, and other miscellaneous topics. Of particular note is a charming outdoor children’s party scene by amateur photographer Robert R. Oesterreich (no. 9); a double portrait montage by Tony Spina of John F. Kennedy and Robert F. Kennedy, both speaking at Campus Martius (no. 14); the high quality photomechanical prints of Detroit scenes and architecture in the  Detroit Illustrated.  (no. 16); and a collection of 28 miscellaneous nightclub souvenir photographs dating from the 1940s-1980s (no. 20). The rest of the material falls under the following categories:","Transportation: 243 photographs. Material is divided between the following sub-categories: Automobiles and Trucks (56 photographs), Aircraft (18 photographs), Railroads and Trains (58 photographs), Streetcars and Trolleys (20 photographs), Roads and Infrastructure (33 photographs), Wagons (20 photographs), Maritime (38 photographs).","Of note are a photograph of an African American couple posed with a new V-8 Ford (no. 71.3); construction photos of the Detroit River railroad tunnel (no. 95); Goebel’s Brewing Co. delivery wagons (no. 98); and a view of the steamboat  Tashmoo  at speed on the Detroit River (no. 110).","Performers: 107 photographs, most of which (113 photographs) are contained in the sub-category Music and Musicians. Of particular note are numerous photos of community brass bands, a photo of John Philip Sousa and his band at Grand Circus Park (no. 122); an image of the inventor Charles Crawford and his patented \"Pickaphone\" mechanism for playing stringed instruments, ca. 1888 (no. 123); and copy prints of two important early jazz bands, Finney’s Orchestra (no. 131) and McKinney’s Cotton Pickers (no. 132).","Portraits: 505 photographs. Material is divided into the following sub-categories: Individuals (172 photographs), Groups (133 photographs), Children (97 photographs), Weddings (64 photographs), Confirmation and Communion (41 photographs). Of particular interest are a photograph of Joan Baxter and her Hot Dog Cooker (no. 137); three 1860's portraits of members of the Hawley family of Detroit (no. 141), one of which is inscribed with enlargement instructions ca.1901 on its verso; and a portrait of politician and founder of the Republican Party Zachariah Chandler, taken by Benjamin Powelson ca. 1880 (no. 142).","Of the many notable images within the Groups category are an outstanding image of sixteen Packard Motor Car Company employees piled onto a 1911 Packard in front of the then new Packard factory on West Grand Blvd. (no. 144.9); a group of African American women engaged in a ceremonial burning of the mortgage of the Phyllis Wheatley Home for Aged Colored Ladies (no. 162); and a portrait of members of the Direct Credits Society, a Great Depression-era wealth redistribution movement founded by Alfred Lawson (no. 166).","Parades: 54 photographs. Many scenes of massive parades in Detroit. Of note is a series of photographs of women marching in a racially-integrated United Spanish War Veterans Parade, ca.1940 (no. 179); and a view of five young women in a florally decorated early automobile (no. 180.11).","Business \u0026 Commerce: 319 photographs. Where possible, material has been divided into the following sub-categories: Business Exteriors (52 photographs), Business Interiors (125 photographs), Construction (22 photographs), Ford Motor Company (19 photographs). Of note is an image of a group of brewers tapping a keg at the Marx Brewing Co. (no. 186.1); Candler Dock \u0026 Dredge Co. workers and surveyors building a dock, taken by the Manning Bros. ca 1920s (no. 192); women rolling cigars at the R.G. Dunn factory, 1909 (no. 204); workers fabricating automobile bodies at the Briggs Manufacturing Co. ca. 1910s (no. 206);interior view of the Burroughs Adding Machine factory (no 209.11); the Penobscot Building construction in three stages ca 1928 (no. 217); and two fold-out panoramic photos of the Ford complex at River Rouge taken by Otto Rotch in 1925 (no. 218).","Views: 86 photographs. Material is divided into Street Views (28 photographs), Residential Views (51 photographs), and Aerial Views (7 photographs).","Architecture: 69 photographs. Of particular note is a charming view of a small inn at Springwells, Mich., the International Exposition House ca. 1889 (no. 235); an 1870's print of the large Russell House Hotel in Detroit (no. 238); and a panoramic view of downtown Detroit at its peak, taken by the Murray Studio in the 1920s (no. 240.18).","Labor \u0026 Unemployment: 8 photographs primarily focused on unemployment during the Great Depression. Of note is a group photo of the striking Journeyman Bakers International Union in 1902 (no. 248).","Athletes \u0026 Athletics: 58 photographs. Of particular note are a copy-print of a 1910 Detroit Tigers team photo featuring Hall of Famer Ty Cobb (no. 261); a series of 3 group photographs of an early soccer team, Michigan Alkali F.C. in 1923 (no. 265); Wyandotte baseball teams (no. 266);. The Slocum’s Island baseball champions of 1882 (no. 272.4); and a 1943 curling team (no. 273).","Classrooms \u0026 Schools: 38 photographs. Of particular interest are a student group in front of a one-room schoolhouse at Cherry Hill in 1934 (no. 280.11); a kindergarten band at Clippert School taken by the Manning Bros. (no. 280.20); and a ca.1936 Lincoln Park High School album with personal snapshots and autographs of classmates (no. 279).","Places of Worship \u0026 Religious Activities: 43 photographs. One of several images related to African American church congregations shows members of an A.M.E. church dressed in \"traditional\" African garb ca.1920-1930 (no. 284).","Parks: 112 photographs. Of particular focus is Belle Isle (approx. 50 photographs) and Waterworks Park. A series of Belle Isle views taken in 1889 by Holcombe \u0026 Metzen is particularly picturesque (no. 297.1-9).","Funerals \u0026 Postmortem Photography: 14 photographs. These photographs date from the 1910s-1930s and are mostly photographs of open caskets surrounded by the deceased's family.","The collection contains photographs of Wayne County, Michigan. Included are numerous urban scenes and images of everyday life, primarily in the Metropolitan Detroit area between 1860 and the mid-20th century. The bulk of the photographs were taken between 1890 and 1930. A very wide range of topics is represented, among them commercial and residential architecture, urban infrastructure, public and private spaces, civic and domestic activities, individual and group portraits, and events from across the social spectrum.","William L. Clements Library , University of Michigan","American Red Cross.","Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine for North America.","BASF Wyandotte Corporation.","Cartercar Co.","Catholic Church--Clergy--Michigan.","Detroit College of Medicine.","Detroit Institute of Arts.","Detroit Museum of Art.","Detroit Opera House.","Detroit Red Wings (Hockey team)","Detroit Symphony Orchestra.","Detroit, Toledo and Ironton Railroad.","Dodge Brothers.","Ford Motor Company.","Ford Motor Company--Employees.","Ford Motor Company. Rouge River Plant.","Ford Rotunda (Dearborn, Mich.)","General Motors Corporation.","Henry Ford Museum and Greenfield Village.","Hudson's (Department store)","International Union, United Automobile Workers of America (CIO)","Journeymen Bakers National Union of the United States.","Knights of Pythias.","Knights Templar (Masonic order)","Michigan Central Railroad Company.","Michigan. National Guard.","Michigan Stove Company.","Tiger Stadium (Detroit, Mich.)","United States. Army--Recruiting, enlistment, etc.--Michigan.","United States. Army. Reserve Officers' Training Corps.","YMCA of the USA.","Young Women's Christian Association.","Agdan Photographic.","Alliance Commercial Photo Co.","Alvord \u0026 Co.","American Commercial Photo Co.","Arthur Studio.","Babas Studio.","Baker Art Studio.","Baker Studio.","Ballaun Studio.","Bonish Studio.","Brown \u0026 Co.","Charles Hopp \u0026 Co.","Club Photos Inc.","Commercial Photo Service Co.","Cousins Art Studio.","Davison Photo Studio.","Deluxe Theatrical Studio.","Detroit Edison Co.","Detroit News Staff.","Fotografia Italiana (G. Lanni \u0026 Co.)","General Motors Photographic Section.","Harbican Studio.","Hoffman Studio.","Holcombe \u0026 Metzen.","Holgate Studio.","Huntington \u0026 Clark.","Litynski-Jakubowski Co.","MacGregor and Company.","Manning Bros.","Metropolitan Art Studio.","Modernistic Photo Studio.","New Chene Studio.","P. Pieronek Studio.","Rembrandt Studios.","Rentschler's Studio.","Smart Set Studio.","Smith Brothers Commerical Photographers.","Spencer \u0026 Wyckoff.","Spooner \u0026 Wells, Inc.","Tiffany Photographic Studio.","Ziawinski Bros.","Tinder, David V.","Grant, Ulysses S. (Ulysses Simpson), 1822-1885--Homes and haunts.","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963.","Kennedy, Robert F., 1925-1968.","Robeson, Paul, 1898-1976.","Sousa, John Philip, 1854-1932.","Arthur, Edward J.","Baker, Chas. R.","Ball, Lyman L.","Baron, Herman.","Blanchard, Issac H.","Bleibel, Gustav.","Bowles, Esther A., Mrs.","Burose, Herman.","Cheff, Edmund Archael.","Craine, Benjamin H.","Hayes, Clarence Messenger.","Hediger, James D.","Hillmer, Davis B.","Hoffman, Clarence L.","Howie, George William.","Hughes, John Wesley.","Jackson, Harvey C.","James, Langford P.","Jones, J. F.","Lazarnick, Nathan.","Litynski, Walter E.","Mazur, Anthony","McMichael, A.G.","Merz, Charles J.","Mirecki, Albert J.","Phelps, C.A. (New Castle, IN)","Pipp, Frank H.","Poli, Faustino G.","Pollard, C.H.","Rentschler, Andrew.","Rochowiak, Stanley A.","Rotch, Otto.","Salter, Al.","Sowinski, Joseph.","Spellman, Delmar Driscoe.","Stone, Frank H.","Tomlinson, Frank N.","Wiederhold, John A.","Wright, Fred G.","Ziawinski, Felix.","Ziawinski, Joseph.","The material is in  English ."],"unitid_tesim":["wclgrfx000200"],"normalized_title_ssm":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985"],"collection_title_tesim":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985"],"collection_ssim":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985"],"repository_ssm":["University of Michigan. William L. Clements Library"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. William L. Clements Library"],"creator_ssm":["Tinder, David V."],"creator_ssim":["Tinder, David V."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Tinder, David V."],"creators_ssim":["Tinder, David V."],"acqinfo_ssim":["F-832, F-860, F-861, F-891, F-892, F-893, F-898, F-909, F-911, F-914, F-922, F-938, F-940, F-945, F-961, F-980, F-987, F-1004, F-1005, F-1014,  F-1017, F-1027, F-1028, F-1033, F-1054, F-1066, F-1067, F-1074, F-1076, F-1077, F-1113, F-1114 ."],"access_subjects_ssim":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography.","Photographs shelf.","Actors--Michigan--1900-1910.","Actresses--Michigan--1890-1910.","African American businesspeople--Michigan.","African American children--Portraits--Michigan.","African American choirs--Michigan.","African American churches--Michigan.","African American freemasons--Michigan.","African American judges--Michigan.","African American musicians--Michigan.","African Americans--Societies, etc.--Michigan.","African American students--Michigan.","African American Sunday schools--Michigan.","Agricultural laborers--Michigan.","Airports--Michigan.","Aircraft--Michigan--1930-1940.","Aircraft industry--Michigan.","Air shows--Michigan.","Amateur theater--Michigan.","Amusement parks--Michigan.","Animals on television--Michigan.","Asbestos--Michigan.","Automobile factories--Michigan.","Automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Automobile rallies--Michigan.","Automobiles--Michigan.","Automobiles--Design and construction--Michigan.","Balls (Parties)--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bands (Music)--Michigan.","Banquets--Michigan--1920-1930.","Barbers--Michigan.","Barbershops--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bar mitzvah--Michigan.","Bars (Drinking establishments)--Michigan.","Baseball players--Michigan.","Basketball courts--Michigan.","Basketball players--Michigan.","Beauty shops--Michigan.","Beekeepers--Michigan.","Bicycles \u0026 tricycles--Michigan--1890-1930.","Bicycle stores--Michigan.","Blacksmiths--Michigan.","Blizzards--Michigan.","Boats and boating--Michigan.","Boycotts--Michigan.","Breweries--Michigan.","Breweries--Employees--Michigan.","Brick trade--Michigan.","Bridges--Michigan--Detroit.","Broom and brush industry--Michigan.","Building construction--Michigan--1910-1930.","Buses--Michigan--1930-1940.","Business organizations--Michigan.","Business Schools--Michigan.","Button industry--Michigan.","Cafeterias--Michigan.","Camping--Michigan.","Canoes and canoeing--Michigan.","Carts \u0026 wagons--Michigan--1890-1910","Casinos--Michigan.","Catholic schools--Michigan.","Cemeteries--Michigan.","Chauffeurs--Michigan.","Chemical industry--Michigan.","Children's costumes--Michigan.","Children's parties--Michigan--1890-1900.","Children--Michigan--Portraits.","Children's choirs--Michigan.","Church buildings--Michigan.","Cigar industry--Michigan.","Circus animals--Michigan.","Circus performers--Michigan.","City councils--Michigan--Hamtramck (Mich.)","City halls--Michigan.","Commercial photography--Michigan.","Concert programs--Michigan.","Confirmation--Catholic Church--Michigan.","Construction workers--Michigan.","Coopers and Cooperage--Michigan.","Couples--Michigan--Portraits.","Creameries--Michigan.","Cross-country runners--Michigan.","Curling--Michigan.","Dairying--Michigan.","Delivery of goods--Michigan.","Diving--Michigan--1890-1900.","Docks--Michigan.","Dredges--Michigan.","Drugstores--Michigan.","Dwellings--Michigan.","Engines--Michigan.","Entertainers--Michigan--1900-1910.","Ethnic costume--Romania.","Ethnic groups--Michigan.","Exhibitions--Michigan--1880-1890.","Explosions--Michigan.","Factories--Employees--Michigan.","Factories--Michigan.","Families--Michigan--Portraits.","Fire fighters--Michigan.","Florists--Michigan.","Flour mills--Michigan.","Flower arrangements--Michigan--1920-1940.","Football players--Michigan--1900-1910.","Fraternal organizations--Michigan","Funeral rites \u0026 ceremonies--Michigan--1910-1930","Gardens--Michigan--1900-1910.","Gas power plants--Michigan.","Graduation (School)","Grocery trade--Michigan.","Hardware stores--Michigan.","Hat trade--Michigan.","High school students--Michigan.","Horse-drawn rail cars--Michigan.","Horse racing--Michigan--1920-1930","Hospitals--Michigan--Detroit.","Hotels--Michigan--1870-1890.","Ice industry--Michigan.","Insurance companies--Michigan.","Inventors--Michigan","Jazz musicians--Michigan","Kitchen utensils--Michigan.","Laboratories--Michigan.","Lakes--Michigan.","Libraries--Michigan--Detroit.","Lighthouses--Michigan.","Locomotives--Michigan.","Luggage industry--Michigan.","Mausoleums--Michigan.","Mechanical musical instruments--Michigan.","Men--Michigan--Portraits.","Men--Societies  and clubs--Michigan.","Metalworking industries--Michigan.","Military bands--Michigan.","Motion pictures--Michigan--1930-1940.","Motorboat racing--Michigan.","Music stores--Michigan.","Musicians--Michigan.","Nightclubs--Michigan.","Nursing schools--Michigan.","Occupational training--Michigan.","Offices--Michigan--1910-1930.","Old age homes--Michigan.","Opticians--Michigan.","Paddle steamers--Michigan.","Parade floats--Michigan.","Parades--Michigan.","Parks--Michigan--Detroit.","Photography--Societies, etc--Michigan.","Picnics--Michigan.","Playgrounds--Michigan.","Police--Michigan--Detroit.","Police stations--Michigan.","Political parades \u0026 rallies--Michigan--1900-1920.","Portraits, group--Michigan.","Postmortem photography--Michigan.","Power-plants--Design and construction--Michigan.","Priests--Michigan.","Prisons--Michigan.","Public architecture--Michigan.","Radio broadcasting--Michigan.","Railroad stations--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Design and construction--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Michigan.","Railroads--Employees--Michigan.","Railroads--Michigan.","Residential architecture--Michigan.","Restaurants--Michigan--1920-1930.","Sailors--Michigan.","School children--Michigan.","School buildings--Michigan.","School plays--Michigan.","School yearbooks--Michigan.","Ships--Launching--Michigan.","Ships--Michigan.","Shoes--Repairing--Michigan.","Skyscrapers--Michigan--Detroit.","Soccer players--Michigan--1920-1930","Soldiers--Michigan.","Souvenirs (Keepsakes)--Michigan.","Spanish-American War, 1898--Veterans--Michigan.","Stables--Michigan.","Steamboats--Michigan.","Steel foundries--Michigan.","Stove industry and trade--Michigan.","Street lighting--Michigan.","Street-railroads--Michigan.","Streets--Michigan.","Strikes and lockouts--Automobile industry--Michigan.","String bands--Michigan.","Storefronts--Michigan.","Teeth--Radiography--Michigan.","Television programs--Michigan.","Theaters--Michigan--1910-1920.","Threshing machines--Michigan--1900-1910.","Tour buses--Michigan.","Traffic signs \u0026 signals---Michigan--1930-1950","Train ferries--Michigan.","Trucks--Michigan--1920-1940.","Variety stores--Michigan.","Vocational education--Michigan.","Water mills--Michigan.","Water towers--Michigan.","Waterworks--Michigan.","Weddings--Michigan.","Women automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Women field hockey players--Michigan.","Women figure skaters--Michigan.","Women--Employment--Michigan--1910-1940.","Women--Michigan--Portraits.","Women--Societies and clubs--Michigan.","World War 1914-1918--Michigan.","Clippings.","Cyanotypes.","Documents.","Ephemera.","Pamphlets.","Photocopies.","Photographic prints.","Photomechanical prints.","Postage stamps."],"access_subjects_ssm":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography.","Photographs shelf.","Actors--Michigan--1900-1910.","Actresses--Michigan--1890-1910.","African American businesspeople--Michigan.","African American children--Portraits--Michigan.","African American choirs--Michigan.","African American churches--Michigan.","African American freemasons--Michigan.","African American judges--Michigan.","African American musicians--Michigan.","African Americans--Societies, etc.--Michigan.","African American students--Michigan.","African American Sunday schools--Michigan.","Agricultural laborers--Michigan.","Airports--Michigan.","Aircraft--Michigan--1930-1940.","Aircraft industry--Michigan.","Air shows--Michigan.","Amateur theater--Michigan.","Amusement parks--Michigan.","Animals on television--Michigan.","Asbestos--Michigan.","Automobile factories--Michigan.","Automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Automobile rallies--Michigan.","Automobiles--Michigan.","Automobiles--Design and construction--Michigan.","Balls (Parties)--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bands (Music)--Michigan.","Banquets--Michigan--1920-1930.","Barbers--Michigan.","Barbershops--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bar mitzvah--Michigan.","Bars (Drinking establishments)--Michigan.","Baseball players--Michigan.","Basketball courts--Michigan.","Basketball players--Michigan.","Beauty shops--Michigan.","Beekeepers--Michigan.","Bicycles \u0026 tricycles--Michigan--1890-1930.","Bicycle stores--Michigan.","Blacksmiths--Michigan.","Blizzards--Michigan.","Boats and boating--Michigan.","Boycotts--Michigan.","Breweries--Michigan.","Breweries--Employees--Michigan.","Brick trade--Michigan.","Bridges--Michigan--Detroit.","Broom and brush industry--Michigan.","Building construction--Michigan--1910-1930.","Buses--Michigan--1930-1940.","Business organizations--Michigan.","Business Schools--Michigan.","Button industry--Michigan.","Cafeterias--Michigan.","Camping--Michigan.","Canoes and canoeing--Michigan.","Carts \u0026 wagons--Michigan--1890-1910","Casinos--Michigan.","Catholic schools--Michigan.","Cemeteries--Michigan.","Chauffeurs--Michigan.","Chemical industry--Michigan.","Children's costumes--Michigan.","Children's parties--Michigan--1890-1900.","Children--Michigan--Portraits.","Children's choirs--Michigan.","Church buildings--Michigan.","Cigar industry--Michigan.","Circus animals--Michigan.","Circus performers--Michigan.","City councils--Michigan--Hamtramck (Mich.)","City halls--Michigan.","Commercial photography--Michigan.","Concert programs--Michigan.","Confirmation--Catholic Church--Michigan.","Construction workers--Michigan.","Coopers and Cooperage--Michigan.","Couples--Michigan--Portraits.","Creameries--Michigan.","Cross-country runners--Michigan.","Curling--Michigan.","Dairying--Michigan.","Delivery of goods--Michigan.","Diving--Michigan--1890-1900.","Docks--Michigan.","Dredges--Michigan.","Drugstores--Michigan.","Dwellings--Michigan.","Engines--Michigan.","Entertainers--Michigan--1900-1910.","Ethnic costume--Romania.","Ethnic groups--Michigan.","Exhibitions--Michigan--1880-1890.","Explosions--Michigan.","Factories--Employees--Michigan.","Factories--Michigan.","Families--Michigan--Portraits.","Fire fighters--Michigan.","Florists--Michigan.","Flour mills--Michigan.","Flower arrangements--Michigan--1920-1940.","Football players--Michigan--1900-1910.","Fraternal organizations--Michigan","Funeral rites \u0026 ceremonies--Michigan--1910-1930","Gardens--Michigan--1900-1910.","Gas power plants--Michigan.","Graduation (School)","Grocery trade--Michigan.","Hardware stores--Michigan.","Hat trade--Michigan.","High school students--Michigan.","Horse-drawn rail cars--Michigan.","Horse racing--Michigan--1920-1930","Hospitals--Michigan--Detroit.","Hotels--Michigan--1870-1890.","Ice industry--Michigan.","Insurance companies--Michigan.","Inventors--Michigan","Jazz musicians--Michigan","Kitchen utensils--Michigan.","Laboratories--Michigan.","Lakes--Michigan.","Libraries--Michigan--Detroit.","Lighthouses--Michigan.","Locomotives--Michigan.","Luggage industry--Michigan.","Mausoleums--Michigan.","Mechanical musical instruments--Michigan.","Men--Michigan--Portraits.","Men--Societies  and clubs--Michigan.","Metalworking industries--Michigan.","Military bands--Michigan.","Motion pictures--Michigan--1930-1940.","Motorboat racing--Michigan.","Music stores--Michigan.","Musicians--Michigan.","Nightclubs--Michigan.","Nursing schools--Michigan.","Occupational training--Michigan.","Offices--Michigan--1910-1930.","Old age homes--Michigan.","Opticians--Michigan.","Paddle steamers--Michigan.","Parade floats--Michigan.","Parades--Michigan.","Parks--Michigan--Detroit.","Photography--Societies, etc--Michigan.","Picnics--Michigan.","Playgrounds--Michigan.","Police--Michigan--Detroit.","Police stations--Michigan.","Political parades \u0026 rallies--Michigan--1900-1920.","Portraits, group--Michigan.","Postmortem photography--Michigan.","Power-plants--Design and construction--Michigan.","Priests--Michigan.","Prisons--Michigan.","Public architecture--Michigan.","Radio broadcasting--Michigan.","Railroad stations--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Design and construction--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Michigan.","Railroads--Employees--Michigan.","Railroads--Michigan.","Residential architecture--Michigan.","Restaurants--Michigan--1920-1930.","Sailors--Michigan.","School children--Michigan.","School buildings--Michigan.","School plays--Michigan.","School yearbooks--Michigan.","Ships--Launching--Michigan.","Ships--Michigan.","Shoes--Repairing--Michigan.","Skyscrapers--Michigan--Detroit.","Soccer players--Michigan--1920-1930","Soldiers--Michigan.","Souvenirs (Keepsakes)--Michigan.","Spanish-American War, 1898--Veterans--Michigan.","Stables--Michigan.","Steamboats--Michigan.","Steel foundries--Michigan.","Stove industry and trade--Michigan.","Street lighting--Michigan.","Street-railroads--Michigan.","Streets--Michigan.","Strikes and lockouts--Automobile industry--Michigan.","String bands--Michigan.","Storefronts--Michigan.","Teeth--Radiography--Michigan.","Television programs--Michigan.","Theaters--Michigan--1910-1920.","Threshing machines--Michigan--1900-1910.","Tour buses--Michigan.","Traffic signs \u0026 signals---Michigan--1930-1950","Train ferries--Michigan.","Trucks--Michigan--1920-1940.","Variety stores--Michigan.","Vocational education--Michigan.","Water mills--Michigan.","Water towers--Michigan.","Waterworks--Michigan.","Weddings--Michigan.","Women automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Women field hockey players--Michigan.","Women figure skaters--Michigan.","Women--Employment--Michigan--1910-1940.","Women--Michigan--Portraits.","Women--Societies and clubs--Michigan.","World War 1914-1918--Michigan.","Clippings.","Cyanotypes.","Documents.","Ephemera.","Pamphlets.","Photocopies.","Photographic prints.","Photomechanical prints.","Postage stamps."],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["1,937 photographs, 16 real photo stamps, 6 booklets, 101 pages, clippings and ephemera"],"extent_tesim":["1,937 photographs, 16 real photo stamps, 6 booklets, 101 pages, clippings and ephemera"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe city of Detroit and its vast metropolitan area has dominated the Wayne County area for centuries. Detroit was founded in 1701 as a French settlement with access to the Great Lakes and Canada and quickly became a strategic military post and trade center. It transferred to British control in 1760 during the Seven Years War and to United States governance in 1796. It became a chartered city in 1802, the capitol of the Michigan Territory in 1805, and Michigan’s first State Capital from 1837 to 1847. The city grew with an economy based largely on agriculture and trade in the early 19th century, becoming one of the nation’s prime manufacturing and cultural centers after the Civil War. Large industries based in the region included railroad equipment manufacturing, ship building, iron and steel production, stoves, pharmaceuticals, brewing, wagon making, and many others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe industrial strength of Detroit created a large middle-class society as well as vast wealth. In turn, this affluence supported cultural advancement, education, and the arts. Commercial photography studios thrived in this environment. Many prize-winning portrait photographers were based in Detroit, as were those specializing in architecture, and the documentation of industry and commerce.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe diversity of industry of late 19th century Detroit gave way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. The boom in wartime production during World War Two attracted workers from around the country and shifted the racial demographics of the city.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collapse of manufacturing industries, the disappearance of public transportation, and massive population shifts to the suburbs were factors in the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The city of Detroit and its vast metropolitan area has dominated the Wayne County area for centuries. Detroit was founded in 1701 as a French settlement with access to the Great Lakes and Canada and quickly became a strategic military post and trade center. It transferred to British control in 1760 during the Seven Years War and to United States governance in 1796. It became a chartered city in 1802, the capitol of the Michigan Territory in 1805, and Michigan’s first State Capital from 1837 to 1847. The city grew with an economy based largely on agriculture and trade in the early 19th century, becoming one of the nation’s prime manufacturing and cultural centers after the Civil War. Large industries based in the region included railroad equipment manufacturing, ship building, iron and steel production, stoves, pharmaceuticals, brewing, wagon making, and many others.","The industrial strength of Detroit created a large middle-class society as well as vast wealth. In turn, this affluence supported cultural advancement, education, and the arts. Commercial photography studios thrived in this environment. Many prize-winning portrait photographers were based in Detroit, as were those specializing in architecture, and the documentation of industry and commerce.","The diversity of industry of late 19th century Detroit gave way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. The boom in wartime production during World War Two attracted workers from around the country and shifted the racial demographics of the city.","The collapse of manufacturing industries, the disappearance of public transportation, and massive population shifts to the suburbs were factors in the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncluded in the Wayne County file of the David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography are images of urban Detroit, people in their places of work, at home, at leisure, and participating in social activities and in fraternal and religious organizations. Numerous images show industrial manufacturing, urban transportation, and civic infrastructure. Activities related to entertainment, sports, parades, and the arts are well represented. The many portraits photographs include formal posed images, casual snapshots, workplace groups and fraternal organizations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA vast majority of the photographs are the work of commercial photographers, with some amateurs. A significant number of photos were taken by Detroit News and Detroit Free Press photographers. Almost all the images present would be considered vernacular photos rather than fine art; however, many are carefully composed with strong aesthetic characteristics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough the photos have been largely sorted by subject, related materials may be present outside of the subject categories, i.e., images of transportation can also be found in the categories Architecture, Business and Commerce, Group Portraits, and in other sections outside of Transportation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the photos in this collection were taken in Detroit during the era of rapid population growth and industrial development around the turn of the century. The diversity of industry that appears in the late 19th century images can be seen giving way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. Evidence of the rich residential lifestyles and multi-ethnic cultures of the Detroit area appear in many images.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the fringe of the collection’s scope are images of the demolition of factories, the disappearance of public transportation, and racial unrest during the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIt should be noted that while most of the collection are mounted and unmounted photographic prints, there are a few bound items as well as printed ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection has been organized into various categories by subject. The first group of photos is comprised of those that did not fit neatly under other categories. These include views of military encampments, disasters and firefighting, civic unrest, commercial product promotions, and other miscellaneous topics. Of particular note is a charming outdoor children’s party scene by amateur photographer Robert R. Oesterreich (no. 9); a double portrait montage by Tony Spina of John F. Kennedy and Robert F. Kennedy, both speaking at Campus Martius (no. 14); the high quality photomechanical prints of Detroit scenes and architecture in the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDetroit Illustrated.\u003c/emph\u003e (no. 16); and a collection of 28 miscellaneous nightclub souvenir photographs dating from the 1940s-1980s (no. 20). The rest of the material falls under the following categories:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eTransportation:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e243 photographs. Material is divided between the following sub-categories: Automobiles and Trucks (56 photographs), Aircraft (18 photographs), Railroads and Trains (58 photographs), Streetcars and Trolleys (20 photographs), Roads and Infrastructure (33 photographs), Wagons (20 photographs), Maritime (38 photographs).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOf note are a photograph of an African American couple posed with a new V-8 Ford (no. 71.3); construction photos of the Detroit River railroad tunnel (no. 95); Goebel’s Brewing Co. delivery wagons (no. 98); and a view of the steamboat \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTashmoo\u003c/emph\u003e at speed on the Detroit River (no. 110).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003ePerformers:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e107 photographs, most of which (113 photographs) are contained in the sub-category Music and Musicians. Of particular note are numerous photos of community brass bands, a photo of John Philip Sousa and his band at Grand Circus Park (no. 122); an image of the inventor Charles Crawford and his patented \"Pickaphone\" mechanism for playing stringed instruments, ca. 1888 (no. 123); and copy prints of two important early jazz bands, Finney’s Orchestra (no. 131) and McKinney’s Cotton Pickers (no. 132).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003ePortraits:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e505 photographs. Material is divided into the following sub-categories: Individuals (172 photographs), Groups (133 photographs), Children (97 photographs), Weddings (64 photographs), Confirmation and Communion (41 photographs). Of particular interest are a photograph of Joan Baxter and her Hot Dog Cooker (no. 137); three 1860's portraits of members of the Hawley family of Detroit (no. 141), one of which is inscribed with enlargement instructions ca.1901 on its verso; and a portrait of politician and founder of the Republican Party Zachariah Chandler, taken by Benjamin Powelson ca. 1880 (no. 142).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOf the many notable images within the Groups category are an outstanding image of sixteen Packard Motor Car Company employees piled onto a 1911 Packard in front of the then new Packard factory on West Grand Blvd. (no. 144.9); a group of African American women engaged in a ceremonial burning of the mortgage of the Phyllis Wheatley Home for Aged Colored Ladies (no. 162); and a portrait of members of the Direct Credits Society, a Great Depression-era wealth redistribution movement founded by Alfred Lawson (no. 166).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eParades:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e54 photographs. Many scenes of massive parades in Detroit. Of note is a series of photographs of women marching in a racially-integrated United Spanish War Veterans Parade, ca.1940 (no. 179); and a view of five young women in a florally decorated early automobile (no. 180.11).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eBusiness \u0026amp; Commerce:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e319 photographs. Where possible, material has been divided into the following sub-categories: Business Exteriors (52 photographs), Business Interiors (125 photographs), Construction (22 photographs), Ford Motor Company (19 photographs). Of note is an image of a group of brewers tapping a keg at the Marx Brewing Co. (no. 186.1); Candler Dock \u0026amp; Dredge Co. workers and surveyors building a dock, taken by the Manning Bros. ca 1920s (no. 192); women rolling cigars at the R.G. Dunn factory, 1909 (no. 204); workers fabricating automobile bodies at the Briggs Manufacturing Co. ca. 1910s (no. 206);interior view of the Burroughs Adding Machine factory (no 209.11); the Penobscot Building construction in three stages ca 1928 (no. 217); and two fold-out panoramic photos of the Ford complex at River Rouge taken by Otto Rotch in 1925 (no. 218).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eViews:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e86 photographs. Material is divided into Street Views (28 photographs), Residential Views (51 photographs), and Aerial Views (7 photographs).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eArchitecture:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e69 photographs. Of particular note is a charming view of a small inn at Springwells, Mich., the International Exposition House ca. 1889 (no. 235); an 1870's print of the large Russell House Hotel in Detroit (no. 238); and a panoramic view of downtown Detroit at its peak, taken by the Murray Studio in the 1920s (no. 240.18).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eLabor \u0026amp; Unemployment:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8 photographs primarily focused on unemployment during the Great Depression. Of note is a group photo of the striking Journeyman Bakers International Union in 1902 (no. 248).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eAthletes \u0026amp; Athletics:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e58 photographs. Of particular note are a copy-print of a 1910 Detroit Tigers team photo featuring Hall of Famer Ty Cobb (no. 261); a series of 3 group photographs of an early soccer team, Michigan Alkali F.C. in 1923 (no. 265); Wyandotte baseball teams (no. 266);. The Slocum’s Island baseball champions of 1882 (no. 272.4); and a 1943 curling team (no. 273).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eClassrooms \u0026amp; Schools:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e38 photographs. Of particular interest are a student group in front of a one-room schoolhouse at Cherry Hill in 1934 (no. 280.11); a kindergarten band at Clippert School taken by the Manning Bros. (no. 280.20); and a ca.1936 Lincoln Park High School album with personal snapshots and autographs of classmates (no. 279).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003ePlaces of Worship \u0026amp; Religious Activities:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e43 photographs. One of several images related to African American church congregations shows members of an A.M.E. church dressed in \"traditional\" African garb ca.1920-1930 (no. 284).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eParks:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e112 photographs. Of particular focus is Belle Isle (approx. 50 photographs) and Waterworks Park. A series of Belle Isle views taken in 1889 by Holcombe \u0026amp; Metzen is particularly picturesque (no. 297.1-9).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eFunerals \u0026amp; Postmortem Photography:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e14 photographs. These photographs date from the 1910s-1930s and are mostly photographs of open caskets surrounded by the deceased's family.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Included in the Wayne County file of the David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography are images of urban Detroit, people in their places of work, at home, at leisure, and participating in social activities and in fraternal and religious organizations. Numerous images show industrial manufacturing, urban transportation, and civic infrastructure. Activities related to entertainment, sports, parades, and the arts are well represented. The many portraits photographs include formal posed images, casual snapshots, workplace groups and fraternal organizations.","A vast majority of the photographs are the work of commercial photographers, with some amateurs. A significant number of photos were taken by Detroit News and Detroit Free Press photographers. Almost all the images present would be considered vernacular photos rather than fine art; however, many are carefully composed with strong aesthetic characteristics.","Although the photos have been largely sorted by subject, related materials may be present outside of the subject categories, i.e., images of transportation can also be found in the categories Architecture, Business and Commerce, Group Portraits, and in other sections outside of Transportation.","The bulk of the photos in this collection were taken in Detroit during the era of rapid population growth and industrial development around the turn of the century. The diversity of industry that appears in the late 19th century images can be seen giving way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. Evidence of the rich residential lifestyles and multi-ethnic cultures of the Detroit area appear in many images.","At the fringe of the collection’s scope are images of the demolition of factories, the disappearance of public transportation, and racial unrest during the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century.","It should be noted that while most of the collection are mounted and unmounted photographic prints, there are a few bound items as well as printed ephemera.","The collection has been organized into various categories by subject. The first group of photos is comprised of those that did not fit neatly under other categories. These include views of military encampments, disasters and firefighting, civic unrest, commercial product promotions, and other miscellaneous topics. Of particular note is a charming outdoor children’s party scene by amateur photographer Robert R. Oesterreich (no. 9); a double portrait montage by Tony Spina of John F. Kennedy and Robert F. Kennedy, both speaking at Campus Martius (no. 14); the high quality photomechanical prints of Detroit scenes and architecture in the  Detroit Illustrated.  (no. 16); and a collection of 28 miscellaneous nightclub souvenir photographs dating from the 1940s-1980s (no. 20). The rest of the material falls under the following categories:","Transportation: 243 photographs. Material is divided between the following sub-categories: Automobiles and Trucks (56 photographs), Aircraft (18 photographs), Railroads and Trains (58 photographs), Streetcars and Trolleys (20 photographs), Roads and Infrastructure (33 photographs), Wagons (20 photographs), Maritime (38 photographs).","Of note are a photograph of an African American couple posed with a new V-8 Ford (no. 71.3); construction photos of the Detroit River railroad tunnel (no. 95); Goebel’s Brewing Co. delivery wagons (no. 98); and a view of the steamboat  Tashmoo  at speed on the Detroit River (no. 110).","Performers: 107 photographs, most of which (113 photographs) are contained in the sub-category Music and Musicians. Of particular note are numerous photos of community brass bands, a photo of John Philip Sousa and his band at Grand Circus Park (no. 122); an image of the inventor Charles Crawford and his patented \"Pickaphone\" mechanism for playing stringed instruments, ca. 1888 (no. 123); and copy prints of two important early jazz bands, Finney’s Orchestra (no. 131) and McKinney’s Cotton Pickers (no. 132).","Portraits: 505 photographs. Material is divided into the following sub-categories: Individuals (172 photographs), Groups (133 photographs), Children (97 photographs), Weddings (64 photographs), Confirmation and Communion (41 photographs). Of particular interest are a photograph of Joan Baxter and her Hot Dog Cooker (no. 137); three 1860's portraits of members of the Hawley family of Detroit (no. 141), one of which is inscribed with enlargement instructions ca.1901 on its verso; and a portrait of politician and founder of the Republican Party Zachariah Chandler, taken by Benjamin Powelson ca. 1880 (no. 142).","Of the many notable images within the Groups category are an outstanding image of sixteen Packard Motor Car Company employees piled onto a 1911 Packard in front of the then new Packard factory on West Grand Blvd. (no. 144.9); a group of African American women engaged in a ceremonial burning of the mortgage of the Phyllis Wheatley Home for Aged Colored Ladies (no. 162); and a portrait of members of the Direct Credits Society, a Great Depression-era wealth redistribution movement founded by Alfred Lawson (no. 166).","Parades: 54 photographs. Many scenes of massive parades in Detroit. Of note is a series of photographs of women marching in a racially-integrated United Spanish War Veterans Parade, ca.1940 (no. 179); and a view of five young women in a florally decorated early automobile (no. 180.11).","Business \u0026 Commerce: 319 photographs. Where possible, material has been divided into the following sub-categories: Business Exteriors (52 photographs), Business Interiors (125 photographs), Construction (22 photographs), Ford Motor Company (19 photographs). Of note is an image of a group of brewers tapping a keg at the Marx Brewing Co. (no. 186.1); Candler Dock \u0026 Dredge Co. workers and surveyors building a dock, taken by the Manning Bros. ca 1920s (no. 192); women rolling cigars at the R.G. Dunn factory, 1909 (no. 204); workers fabricating automobile bodies at the Briggs Manufacturing Co. ca. 1910s (no. 206);interior view of the Burroughs Adding Machine factory (no 209.11); the Penobscot Building construction in three stages ca 1928 (no. 217); and two fold-out panoramic photos of the Ford complex at River Rouge taken by Otto Rotch in 1925 (no. 218).","Views: 86 photographs. Material is divided into Street Views (28 photographs), Residential Views (51 photographs), and Aerial Views (7 photographs).","Architecture: 69 photographs. Of particular note is a charming view of a small inn at Springwells, Mich., the International Exposition House ca. 1889 (no. 235); an 1870's print of the large Russell House Hotel in Detroit (no. 238); and a panoramic view of downtown Detroit at its peak, taken by the Murray Studio in the 1920s (no. 240.18).","Labor \u0026 Unemployment: 8 photographs primarily focused on unemployment during the Great Depression. Of note is a group photo of the striking Journeyman Bakers International Union in 1902 (no. 248).","Athletes \u0026 Athletics: 58 photographs. Of particular note are a copy-print of a 1910 Detroit Tigers team photo featuring Hall of Famer Ty Cobb (no. 261); a series of 3 group photographs of an early soccer team, Michigan Alkali F.C. in 1923 (no. 265); Wyandotte baseball teams (no. 266);. The Slocum’s Island baseball champions of 1882 (no. 272.4); and a 1943 curling team (no. 273).","Classrooms \u0026 Schools: 38 photographs. Of particular interest are a student group in front of a one-room schoolhouse at Cherry Hill in 1934 (no. 280.11); a kindergarten band at Clippert School taken by the Manning Bros. (no. 280.20); and a ca.1936 Lincoln Park High School album with personal snapshots and autographs of classmates (no. 279).","Places of Worship \u0026 Religious Activities: 43 photographs. One of several images related to African American church congregations shows members of an A.M.E. church dressed in \"traditional\" African garb ca.1920-1930 (no. 284).","Parks: 112 photographs. Of particular focus is Belle Isle (approx. 50 photographs) and Waterworks Park. A series of Belle Isle views taken in 1889 by Holcombe \u0026 Metzen is particularly picturesque (no. 297.1-9).","Funerals \u0026 Postmortem Photography: 14 photographs. These photographs date from the 1910s-1930s and are mostly photographs of open caskets surrounded by the deceased's family."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract\u003eThe collection contains photographs of Wayne County, Michigan. Included are numerous urban scenes and images of everyday life, primarily in the Metropolitan Detroit area between 1860 and the mid-20th century. The bulk of the photographs were taken between 1890 and 1930. A very wide range of topics is represented, among them commercial and residential architecture, urban infrastructure, public and private spaces, civic and domestic activities, individual and group portraits, and events from across the social spectrum.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains photographs of Wayne County, Michigan. Included are numerous urban scenes and images of everyday life, primarily in the Metropolitan Detroit area between 1860 and the mid-20th century. The bulk of the photographs were taken between 1890 and 1930. A very wide range of topics is represented, among them commercial and residential architecture, urban infrastructure, public and private spaces, civic and domestic activities, individual and group portraits, and events from across the social spectrum."],"names_ssim":["William L. Clements Library , University of Michigan","American Red Cross.","Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine for North America.","BASF Wyandotte Corporation.","Cartercar Co.","Catholic Church--Clergy--Michigan.","Detroit College of Medicine.","Detroit Institute of Arts.","Detroit Museum of Art.","Detroit Opera House.","Detroit Red Wings (Hockey team)","Detroit Symphony Orchestra.","Detroit, Toledo and Ironton Railroad.","Dodge Brothers.","Ford Motor Company.","Ford Motor Company--Employees.","Ford Motor Company. Rouge River Plant.","Ford Rotunda (Dearborn, Mich.)","General Motors Corporation.","Henry Ford Museum and Greenfield Village.","Hudson's (Department store)","International Union, United Automobile Workers of America (CIO)","Journeymen Bakers National Union of the United States.","Knights of Pythias.","Knights Templar (Masonic order)","Michigan Central Railroad Company.","Michigan. National Guard.","Michigan Stove Company.","Tiger Stadium (Detroit, Mich.)","United States. Army--Recruiting, enlistment, etc.--Michigan.","United States. Army. Reserve Officers' Training Corps.","YMCA of the USA.","Young Women's Christian Association.","Agdan Photographic.","Alliance Commercial Photo Co.","Alvord \u0026 Co.","American Commercial Photo Co.","Arthur Studio.","Babas Studio.","Baker Art Studio.","Baker Studio.","Ballaun Studio.","Bonish Studio.","Brown \u0026 Co.","Charles Hopp \u0026 Co.","Club Photos Inc.","Commercial Photo Service Co.","Cousins Art Studio.","Davison Photo Studio.","Deluxe Theatrical Studio.","Detroit Edison Co.","Detroit News Staff.","Fotografia Italiana (G. Lanni \u0026 Co.)","General Motors Photographic Section.","Harbican Studio.","Hoffman Studio.","Holcombe \u0026 Metzen.","Holgate Studio.","Huntington \u0026 Clark.","Litynski-Jakubowski Co.","MacGregor and Company.","Manning Bros.","Metropolitan Art Studio.","Modernistic Photo Studio.","New Chene Studio.","P. Pieronek Studio.","Rembrandt Studios.","Rentschler's Studio.","Smart Set Studio.","Smith Brothers Commerical Photographers.","Spencer \u0026 Wyckoff.","Spooner \u0026 Wells, Inc.","Tiffany Photographic Studio.","Ziawinski Bros.","Tinder, David V.","Grant, Ulysses S. (Ulysses Simpson), 1822-1885--Homes and haunts.","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963.","Kennedy, Robert F., 1925-1968.","Robeson, Paul, 1898-1976.","Sousa, John Philip, 1854-1932.","Arthur, Edward J.","Baker, Chas. R.","Ball, Lyman L.","Baron, Herman.","Blanchard, Issac H.","Bleibel, Gustav.","Bowles, Esther A., Mrs.","Burose, Herman.","Cheff, Edmund Archael.","Craine, Benjamin H.","Hayes, Clarence Messenger.","Hediger, James D.","Hillmer, Davis B.","Hoffman, Clarence L.","Howie, George William.","Hughes, John Wesley.","Jackson, Harvey C.","James, Langford P.","Jones, J. F.","Lazarnick, Nathan.","Litynski, Walter E.","Mazur, Anthony","McMichael, A.G.","Merz, Charles J.","Mirecki, Albert J.","Phelps, C.A. (New Castle, IN)","Pipp, Frank H.","Poli, Faustino G.","Pollard, C.H.","Rentschler, Andrew.","Rochowiak, Stanley A.","Rotch, Otto.","Salter, Al.","Sowinski, Joseph.","Spellman, Delmar Driscoe.","Stone, Frank H.","Tomlinson, Frank N.","Wiederhold, John A.","Wright, Fred G.","Ziawinski, Felix.","Ziawinski, Joseph."],"corpname_ssim":["William L. Clements Library , University of Michigan","American Red Cross.","Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine for North America.","BASF Wyandotte Corporation.","Cartercar Co.","Catholic Church--Clergy--Michigan.","Detroit College of Medicine.","Detroit Institute of Arts.","Detroit Museum of Art.","Detroit Opera House.","Detroit Red Wings (Hockey team)","Detroit Symphony Orchestra.","Detroit, Toledo and Ironton Railroad.","Dodge Brothers.","Ford Motor Company.","Ford Motor Company--Employees.","Ford Motor Company. Rouge River Plant.","Ford Rotunda (Dearborn, Mich.)","General Motors Corporation.","Henry Ford Museum and Greenfield Village.","Hudson's (Department store)","International Union, United Automobile Workers of America (CIO)","Journeymen Bakers National Union of the United States.","Knights of Pythias.","Knights Templar (Masonic order)","Michigan Central Railroad Company.","Michigan. National Guard.","Michigan Stove Company.","Tiger Stadium (Detroit, Mich.)","United States. Army--Recruiting, enlistment, etc.--Michigan.","United States. Army. Reserve Officers' Training Corps.","YMCA of the USA.","Young Women's Christian Association.","Agdan Photographic.","Alliance Commercial Photo Co.","Alvord \u0026 Co.","American Commercial Photo Co.","Arthur Studio.","Babas Studio.","Baker Art Studio.","Baker Studio.","Ballaun Studio.","Bonish Studio.","Brown \u0026 Co.","Charles Hopp \u0026 Co.","Club Photos Inc.","Commercial Photo Service Co.","Cousins Art Studio.","Davison Photo Studio.","Deluxe Theatrical Studio.","Detroit Edison Co.","Detroit News Staff.","Fotografia Italiana (G. Lanni \u0026 Co.)","General Motors Photographic Section.","Harbican Studio.","Hoffman Studio.","Holcombe \u0026 Metzen.","Holgate Studio.","Huntington \u0026 Clark.","Litynski-Jakubowski Co.","MacGregor and Company.","Manning Bros.","Metropolitan Art Studio.","Modernistic Photo Studio.","New Chene Studio.","P. Pieronek Studio.","Rembrandt Studios.","Rentschler's Studio.","Smart Set Studio.","Smith Brothers Commerical Photographers.","Spencer \u0026 Wyckoff.","Spooner \u0026 Wells, Inc.","Tiffany Photographic Studio.","Ziawinski Bros."],"persname_ssim":["Tinder, David V.","Grant, Ulysses S. (Ulysses Simpson), 1822-1885--Homes and haunts.","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963.","Kennedy, Robert F., 1925-1968.","Robeson, Paul, 1898-1976.","Sousa, John Philip, 1854-1932.","Arthur, Edward J.","Baker, Chas. R.","Ball, Lyman L.","Baron, Herman.","Blanchard, Issac H.","Bleibel, Gustav.","Bowles, Esther A., Mrs.","Burose, Herman.","Cheff, Edmund Archael.","Craine, Benjamin H.","Hayes, Clarence Messenger.","Hediger, James D.","Hillmer, Davis B.","Hoffman, Clarence L.","Howie, George William.","Hughes, John Wesley.","Jackson, Harvey C.","James, Langford P.","Jones, J. F.","Lazarnick, Nathan.","Litynski, Walter E.","Mazur, Anthony","McMichael, A.G.","Merz, Charles J.","Mirecki, Albert J.","Phelps, C.A. (New Castle, IN)","Pipp, Frank H.","Poli, Faustino G.","Pollard, C.H.","Rentschler, Andrew.","Rochowiak, Stanley A.","Rotch, Otto.","Salter, Al.","Sowinski, Joseph.","Spellman, Delmar Driscoe.","Stone, Frank H.","Tomlinson, Frank N.","Wiederhold, John A.","Wright, Fred G.","Ziawinski, Felix.","Ziawinski, Joseph."],"language_ssim":["The material is in  English ."],"descrules_ssm":["Finding aid prepared using Describing Archives: A Content Standard (DACS)"],"total_component_count_is":365,"online_item_count_is":15,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:25:22.393Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_5713a36d0ee386bfb7e50feb5a505a8c62adb35a"}},{"id":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_40e7185ee5792267628e42d8729fd045e5a94f84","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"57. [Armored truck or tank, Army recruitment ca. 1918]","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_40e7185ee5792267628e42d8729fd045e5a94f84#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"al_40e7185ee5792267628e42d8729fd045e5a94f84","ref_ssm":["al_40e7185ee5792267628e42d8729fd045e5a94f84","al_40e7185ee5792267628e42d8729fd045e5a94f84"],"id":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_40e7185ee5792267628e42d8729fd045e5a94f84","title_filing_ssi":"57. [Armored truck or tank, Army recruitment ca. 1918]","title_ssm":["57. [Armored truck or tank, Army recruitment ca. 1918]"],"title_tesim":["57. [Armored truck or tank, Army recruitment ca. 1918]"],"normalized_title_ssm":["57. [Armored truck or tank, Army recruitment ca. 1918]"],"text":["57. [Armored truck or tank, Army recruitment ca. 1918]","David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","David V. Tinder collection of Michigan photography, County File, Wayne County, Box 3"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ssim":["umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","al_a1b85d5af6cea949749e7332d58fa46d61e38acd"],"parent_ssi":"al_a1b85d5af6cea949749e7332d58fa46d61e38acd","parent_ids_ssim":["umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_a1b85d5af6cea949749e7332d58fa46d61e38acd"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","David V. Tinder collection of Michigan photography, County File, Wayne County, Box 3"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","David V. Tinder collection of Michigan photography, County File, Wayne County, Box 3"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. William L. Clements Library"],"collection_ssim":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985"],"extent_ssm":["1 photograph"],"extent_tesim":["1 photograph"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":61,"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#2","_nest_parent_":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_a1b85d5af6cea949749e7332d58fa46d61e38acd","_root_":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:25:22.393Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","title_ssm":["  David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","Tinder, David V., Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County"],"title_tesim":["  David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","Tinder, David V., Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County"],"ead_ssi":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["wclgrfx000200"],"text":["wclgrfx000200","David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography.","Photographs shelf.","Actors--Michigan--1900-1910.","Actresses--Michigan--1890-1910.","African American businesspeople--Michigan.","African American children--Portraits--Michigan.","African American choirs--Michigan.","African American churches--Michigan.","African American freemasons--Michigan.","African American judges--Michigan.","African American musicians--Michigan.","African Americans--Societies, etc.--Michigan.","African American students--Michigan.","African American Sunday schools--Michigan.","Agricultural laborers--Michigan.","Airports--Michigan.","Aircraft--Michigan--1930-1940.","Aircraft industry--Michigan.","Air shows--Michigan.","Amateur theater--Michigan.","Amusement parks--Michigan.","Animals on television--Michigan.","Asbestos--Michigan.","Automobile factories--Michigan.","Automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Automobile rallies--Michigan.","Automobiles--Michigan.","Automobiles--Design and construction--Michigan.","Balls (Parties)--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bands (Music)--Michigan.","Banquets--Michigan--1920-1930.","Barbers--Michigan.","Barbershops--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bar mitzvah--Michigan.","Bars (Drinking establishments)--Michigan.","Baseball players--Michigan.","Basketball courts--Michigan.","Basketball players--Michigan.","Beauty shops--Michigan.","Beekeepers--Michigan.","Bicycles \u0026 tricycles--Michigan--1890-1930.","Bicycle stores--Michigan.","Blacksmiths--Michigan.","Blizzards--Michigan.","Boats and boating--Michigan.","Boycotts--Michigan.","Breweries--Michigan.","Breweries--Employees--Michigan.","Brick trade--Michigan.","Bridges--Michigan--Detroit.","Broom and brush industry--Michigan.","Building construction--Michigan--1910-1930.","Buses--Michigan--1930-1940.","Business organizations--Michigan.","Business Schools--Michigan.","Button industry--Michigan.","Cafeterias--Michigan.","Camping--Michigan.","Canoes and canoeing--Michigan.","Carts \u0026 wagons--Michigan--1890-1910","Casinos--Michigan.","Catholic schools--Michigan.","Cemeteries--Michigan.","Chauffeurs--Michigan.","Chemical industry--Michigan.","Children's costumes--Michigan.","Children's parties--Michigan--1890-1900.","Children--Michigan--Portraits.","Children's choirs--Michigan.","Church buildings--Michigan.","Cigar industry--Michigan.","Circus animals--Michigan.","Circus performers--Michigan.","City councils--Michigan--Hamtramck (Mich.)","City halls--Michigan.","Commercial photography--Michigan.","Concert programs--Michigan.","Confirmation--Catholic Church--Michigan.","Construction workers--Michigan.","Coopers and Cooperage--Michigan.","Couples--Michigan--Portraits.","Creameries--Michigan.","Cross-country runners--Michigan.","Curling--Michigan.","Dairying--Michigan.","Delivery of goods--Michigan.","Diving--Michigan--1890-1900.","Docks--Michigan.","Dredges--Michigan.","Drugstores--Michigan.","Dwellings--Michigan.","Engines--Michigan.","Entertainers--Michigan--1900-1910.","Ethnic costume--Romania.","Ethnic groups--Michigan.","Exhibitions--Michigan--1880-1890.","Explosions--Michigan.","Factories--Employees--Michigan.","Factories--Michigan.","Families--Michigan--Portraits.","Fire fighters--Michigan.","Florists--Michigan.","Flour mills--Michigan.","Flower arrangements--Michigan--1920-1940.","Football players--Michigan--1900-1910.","Fraternal organizations--Michigan","Funeral rites \u0026 ceremonies--Michigan--1910-1930","Gardens--Michigan--1900-1910.","Gas power plants--Michigan.","Graduation (School)","Grocery trade--Michigan.","Hardware stores--Michigan.","Hat trade--Michigan.","High school students--Michigan.","Horse-drawn rail cars--Michigan.","Horse racing--Michigan--1920-1930","Hospitals--Michigan--Detroit.","Hotels--Michigan--1870-1890.","Ice industry--Michigan.","Insurance companies--Michigan.","Inventors--Michigan","Jazz musicians--Michigan","Kitchen utensils--Michigan.","Laboratories--Michigan.","Lakes--Michigan.","Libraries--Michigan--Detroit.","Lighthouses--Michigan.","Locomotives--Michigan.","Luggage industry--Michigan.","Mausoleums--Michigan.","Mechanical musical instruments--Michigan.","Men--Michigan--Portraits.","Men--Societies  and clubs--Michigan.","Metalworking industries--Michigan.","Military bands--Michigan.","Motion pictures--Michigan--1930-1940.","Motorboat racing--Michigan.","Music stores--Michigan.","Musicians--Michigan.","Nightclubs--Michigan.","Nursing schools--Michigan.","Occupational training--Michigan.","Offices--Michigan--1910-1930.","Old age homes--Michigan.","Opticians--Michigan.","Paddle steamers--Michigan.","Parade floats--Michigan.","Parades--Michigan.","Parks--Michigan--Detroit.","Photography--Societies, etc--Michigan.","Picnics--Michigan.","Playgrounds--Michigan.","Police--Michigan--Detroit.","Police stations--Michigan.","Political parades \u0026 rallies--Michigan--1900-1920.","Portraits, group--Michigan.","Postmortem photography--Michigan.","Power-plants--Design and construction--Michigan.","Priests--Michigan.","Prisons--Michigan.","Public architecture--Michigan.","Radio broadcasting--Michigan.","Railroad stations--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Design and construction--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Michigan.","Railroads--Employees--Michigan.","Railroads--Michigan.","Residential architecture--Michigan.","Restaurants--Michigan--1920-1930.","Sailors--Michigan.","School children--Michigan.","School buildings--Michigan.","School plays--Michigan.","School yearbooks--Michigan.","Ships--Launching--Michigan.","Ships--Michigan.","Shoes--Repairing--Michigan.","Skyscrapers--Michigan--Detroit.","Soccer players--Michigan--1920-1930","Soldiers--Michigan.","Souvenirs (Keepsakes)--Michigan.","Spanish-American War, 1898--Veterans--Michigan.","Stables--Michigan.","Steamboats--Michigan.","Steel foundries--Michigan.","Stove industry and trade--Michigan.","Street lighting--Michigan.","Street-railroads--Michigan.","Streets--Michigan.","Strikes and lockouts--Automobile industry--Michigan.","String bands--Michigan.","Storefronts--Michigan.","Teeth--Radiography--Michigan.","Television programs--Michigan.","Theaters--Michigan--1910-1920.","Threshing machines--Michigan--1900-1910.","Tour buses--Michigan.","Traffic signs \u0026 signals---Michigan--1930-1950","Train ferries--Michigan.","Trucks--Michigan--1920-1940.","Variety stores--Michigan.","Vocational education--Michigan.","Water mills--Michigan.","Water towers--Michigan.","Waterworks--Michigan.","Weddings--Michigan.","Women automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Women field hockey players--Michigan.","Women figure skaters--Michigan.","Women--Employment--Michigan--1910-1940.","Women--Michigan--Portraits.","Women--Societies and clubs--Michigan.","World War 1914-1918--Michigan.","Clippings.","Cyanotypes.","Documents.","Ephemera.","Pamphlets.","Photocopies.","Photographic prints.","Photomechanical prints.","Postage stamps.","The city of Detroit and its vast metropolitan area has dominated the Wayne County area for centuries. Detroit was founded in 1701 as a French settlement with access to the Great Lakes and Canada and quickly became a strategic military post and trade center. It transferred to British control in 1760 during the Seven Years War and to United States governance in 1796. It became a chartered city in 1802, the capitol of the Michigan Territory in 1805, and Michigan’s first State Capital from 1837 to 1847. The city grew with an economy based largely on agriculture and trade in the early 19th century, becoming one of the nation’s prime manufacturing and cultural centers after the Civil War. Large industries based in the region included railroad equipment manufacturing, ship building, iron and steel production, stoves, pharmaceuticals, brewing, wagon making, and many others.","The industrial strength of Detroit created a large middle-class society as well as vast wealth. In turn, this affluence supported cultural advancement, education, and the arts. Commercial photography studios thrived in this environment. Many prize-winning portrait photographers were based in Detroit, as were those specializing in architecture, and the documentation of industry and commerce.","The diversity of industry of late 19th century Detroit gave way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. The boom in wartime production during World War Two attracted workers from around the country and shifted the racial demographics of the city.","The collapse of manufacturing industries, the disappearance of public transportation, and massive population shifts to the suburbs were factors in the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century.","Included in the Wayne County file of the David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography are images of urban Detroit, people in their places of work, at home, at leisure, and participating in social activities and in fraternal and religious organizations. Numerous images show industrial manufacturing, urban transportation, and civic infrastructure. Activities related to entertainment, sports, parades, and the arts are well represented. The many portraits photographs include formal posed images, casual snapshots, workplace groups and fraternal organizations.","A vast majority of the photographs are the work of commercial photographers, with some amateurs. A significant number of photos were taken by Detroit News and Detroit Free Press photographers. Almost all the images present would be considered vernacular photos rather than fine art; however, many are carefully composed with strong aesthetic characteristics.","Although the photos have been largely sorted by subject, related materials may be present outside of the subject categories, i.e., images of transportation can also be found in the categories Architecture, Business and Commerce, Group Portraits, and in other sections outside of Transportation.","The bulk of the photos in this collection were taken in Detroit during the era of rapid population growth and industrial development around the turn of the century. The diversity of industry that appears in the late 19th century images can be seen giving way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. Evidence of the rich residential lifestyles and multi-ethnic cultures of the Detroit area appear in many images.","At the fringe of the collection’s scope are images of the demolition of factories, the disappearance of public transportation, and racial unrest during the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century.","It should be noted that while most of the collection are mounted and unmounted photographic prints, there are a few bound items as well as printed ephemera.","The collection has been organized into various categories by subject. The first group of photos is comprised of those that did not fit neatly under other categories. These include views of military encampments, disasters and firefighting, civic unrest, commercial product promotions, and other miscellaneous topics. Of particular note is a charming outdoor children’s party scene by amateur photographer Robert R. Oesterreich (no. 9); a double portrait montage by Tony Spina of John F. Kennedy and Robert F. Kennedy, both speaking at Campus Martius (no. 14); the high quality photomechanical prints of Detroit scenes and architecture in the  Detroit Illustrated.  (no. 16); and a collection of 28 miscellaneous nightclub souvenir photographs dating from the 1940s-1980s (no. 20). The rest of the material falls under the following categories:","Transportation: 243 photographs. Material is divided between the following sub-categories: Automobiles and Trucks (56 photographs), Aircraft (18 photographs), Railroads and Trains (58 photographs), Streetcars and Trolleys (20 photographs), Roads and Infrastructure (33 photographs), Wagons (20 photographs), Maritime (38 photographs).","Of note are a photograph of an African American couple posed with a new V-8 Ford (no. 71.3); construction photos of the Detroit River railroad tunnel (no. 95); Goebel’s Brewing Co. delivery wagons (no. 98); and a view of the steamboat  Tashmoo  at speed on the Detroit River (no. 110).","Performers: 107 photographs, most of which (113 photographs) are contained in the sub-category Music and Musicians. Of particular note are numerous photos of community brass bands, a photo of John Philip Sousa and his band at Grand Circus Park (no. 122); an image of the inventor Charles Crawford and his patented \"Pickaphone\" mechanism for playing stringed instruments, ca. 1888 (no. 123); and copy prints of two important early jazz bands, Finney’s Orchestra (no. 131) and McKinney’s Cotton Pickers (no. 132).","Portraits: 505 photographs. Material is divided into the following sub-categories: Individuals (172 photographs), Groups (133 photographs), Children (97 photographs), Weddings (64 photographs), Confirmation and Communion (41 photographs). Of particular interest are a photograph of Joan Baxter and her Hot Dog Cooker (no. 137); three 1860's portraits of members of the Hawley family of Detroit (no. 141), one of which is inscribed with enlargement instructions ca.1901 on its verso; and a portrait of politician and founder of the Republican Party Zachariah Chandler, taken by Benjamin Powelson ca. 1880 (no. 142).","Of the many notable images within the Groups category are an outstanding image of sixteen Packard Motor Car Company employees piled onto a 1911 Packard in front of the then new Packard factory on West Grand Blvd. (no. 144.9); a group of African American women engaged in a ceremonial burning of the mortgage of the Phyllis Wheatley Home for Aged Colored Ladies (no. 162); and a portrait of members of the Direct Credits Society, a Great Depression-era wealth redistribution movement founded by Alfred Lawson (no. 166).","Parades: 54 photographs. Many scenes of massive parades in Detroit. Of note is a series of photographs of women marching in a racially-integrated United Spanish War Veterans Parade, ca.1940 (no. 179); and a view of five young women in a florally decorated early automobile (no. 180.11).","Business \u0026 Commerce: 319 photographs. Where possible, material has been divided into the following sub-categories: Business Exteriors (52 photographs), Business Interiors (125 photographs), Construction (22 photographs), Ford Motor Company (19 photographs). Of note is an image of a group of brewers tapping a keg at the Marx Brewing Co. (no. 186.1); Candler Dock \u0026 Dredge Co. workers and surveyors building a dock, taken by the Manning Bros. ca 1920s (no. 192); women rolling cigars at the R.G. Dunn factory, 1909 (no. 204); workers fabricating automobile bodies at the Briggs Manufacturing Co. ca. 1910s (no. 206);interior view of the Burroughs Adding Machine factory (no 209.11); the Penobscot Building construction in three stages ca 1928 (no. 217); and two fold-out panoramic photos of the Ford complex at River Rouge taken by Otto Rotch in 1925 (no. 218).","Views: 86 photographs. Material is divided into Street Views (28 photographs), Residential Views (51 photographs), and Aerial Views (7 photographs).","Architecture: 69 photographs. Of particular note is a charming view of a small inn at Springwells, Mich., the International Exposition House ca. 1889 (no. 235); an 1870's print of the large Russell House Hotel in Detroit (no. 238); and a panoramic view of downtown Detroit at its peak, taken by the Murray Studio in the 1920s (no. 240.18).","Labor \u0026 Unemployment: 8 photographs primarily focused on unemployment during the Great Depression. Of note is a group photo of the striking Journeyman Bakers International Union in 1902 (no. 248).","Athletes \u0026 Athletics: 58 photographs. Of particular note are a copy-print of a 1910 Detroit Tigers team photo featuring Hall of Famer Ty Cobb (no. 261); a series of 3 group photographs of an early soccer team, Michigan Alkali F.C. in 1923 (no. 265); Wyandotte baseball teams (no. 266);. The Slocum’s Island baseball champions of 1882 (no. 272.4); and a 1943 curling team (no. 273).","Classrooms \u0026 Schools: 38 photographs. Of particular interest are a student group in front of a one-room schoolhouse at Cherry Hill in 1934 (no. 280.11); a kindergarten band at Clippert School taken by the Manning Bros. (no. 280.20); and a ca.1936 Lincoln Park High School album with personal snapshots and autographs of classmates (no. 279).","Places of Worship \u0026 Religious Activities: 43 photographs. One of several images related to African American church congregations shows members of an A.M.E. church dressed in \"traditional\" African garb ca.1920-1930 (no. 284).","Parks: 112 photographs. Of particular focus is Belle Isle (approx. 50 photographs) and Waterworks Park. A series of Belle Isle views taken in 1889 by Holcombe \u0026 Metzen is particularly picturesque (no. 297.1-9).","Funerals \u0026 Postmortem Photography: 14 photographs. These photographs date from the 1910s-1930s and are mostly photographs of open caskets surrounded by the deceased's family.","The collection contains photographs of Wayne County, Michigan. Included are numerous urban scenes and images of everyday life, primarily in the Metropolitan Detroit area between 1860 and the mid-20th century. The bulk of the photographs were taken between 1890 and 1930. A very wide range of topics is represented, among them commercial and residential architecture, urban infrastructure, public and private spaces, civic and domestic activities, individual and group portraits, and events from across the social spectrum.","William L. Clements Library , University of Michigan","American Red Cross.","Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine for North America.","BASF Wyandotte Corporation.","Cartercar Co.","Catholic Church--Clergy--Michigan.","Detroit College of Medicine.","Detroit Institute of Arts.","Detroit Museum of Art.","Detroit Opera House.","Detroit Red Wings (Hockey team)","Detroit Symphony Orchestra.","Detroit, Toledo and Ironton Railroad.","Dodge Brothers.","Ford Motor Company.","Ford Motor Company--Employees.","Ford Motor Company. Rouge River Plant.","Ford Rotunda (Dearborn, Mich.)","General Motors Corporation.","Henry Ford Museum and Greenfield Village.","Hudson's (Department store)","International Union, United Automobile Workers of America (CIO)","Journeymen Bakers National Union of the United States.","Knights of Pythias.","Knights Templar (Masonic order)","Michigan Central Railroad Company.","Michigan. National Guard.","Michigan Stove Company.","Tiger Stadium (Detroit, Mich.)","United States. Army--Recruiting, enlistment, etc.--Michigan.","United States. Army. Reserve Officers' Training Corps.","YMCA of the USA.","Young Women's Christian Association.","Agdan Photographic.","Alliance Commercial Photo Co.","Alvord \u0026 Co.","American Commercial Photo Co.","Arthur Studio.","Babas Studio.","Baker Art Studio.","Baker Studio.","Ballaun Studio.","Bonish Studio.","Brown \u0026 Co.","Charles Hopp \u0026 Co.","Club Photos Inc.","Commercial Photo Service Co.","Cousins Art Studio.","Davison Photo Studio.","Deluxe Theatrical Studio.","Detroit Edison Co.","Detroit News Staff.","Fotografia Italiana (G. Lanni \u0026 Co.)","General Motors Photographic Section.","Harbican Studio.","Hoffman Studio.","Holcombe \u0026 Metzen.","Holgate Studio.","Huntington \u0026 Clark.","Litynski-Jakubowski Co.","MacGregor and Company.","Manning Bros.","Metropolitan Art Studio.","Modernistic Photo Studio.","New Chene Studio.","P. Pieronek Studio.","Rembrandt Studios.","Rentschler's Studio.","Smart Set Studio.","Smith Brothers Commerical Photographers.","Spencer \u0026 Wyckoff.","Spooner \u0026 Wells, Inc.","Tiffany Photographic Studio.","Ziawinski Bros.","Tinder, David V.","Grant, Ulysses S. (Ulysses Simpson), 1822-1885--Homes and haunts.","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963.","Kennedy, Robert F., 1925-1968.","Robeson, Paul, 1898-1976.","Sousa, John Philip, 1854-1932.","Arthur, Edward J.","Baker, Chas. R.","Ball, Lyman L.","Baron, Herman.","Blanchard, Issac H.","Bleibel, Gustav.","Bowles, Esther A., Mrs.","Burose, Herman.","Cheff, Edmund Archael.","Craine, Benjamin H.","Hayes, Clarence Messenger.","Hediger, James D.","Hillmer, Davis B.","Hoffman, Clarence L.","Howie, George William.","Hughes, John Wesley.","Jackson, Harvey C.","James, Langford P.","Jones, J. F.","Lazarnick, Nathan.","Litynski, Walter E.","Mazur, Anthony","McMichael, A.G.","Merz, Charles J.","Mirecki, Albert J.","Phelps, C.A. (New Castle, IN)","Pipp, Frank H.","Poli, Faustino G.","Pollard, C.H.","Rentschler, Andrew.","Rochowiak, Stanley A.","Rotch, Otto.","Salter, Al.","Sowinski, Joseph.","Spellman, Delmar Driscoe.","Stone, Frank H.","Tomlinson, Frank N.","Wiederhold, John A.","Wright, Fred G.","Ziawinski, Felix.","Ziawinski, Joseph.","The material is in  English ."],"unitid_tesim":["wclgrfx000200"],"normalized_title_ssm":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985"],"collection_title_tesim":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985"],"collection_ssim":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985"],"repository_ssm":["University of Michigan. William L. Clements Library"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. William L. Clements Library"],"creator_ssm":["Tinder, David V."],"creator_ssim":["Tinder, David V."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Tinder, David V."],"creators_ssim":["Tinder, David V."],"acqinfo_ssim":["F-832, F-860, F-861, F-891, F-892, F-893, F-898, F-909, F-911, F-914, F-922, F-938, F-940, F-945, F-961, F-980, F-987, F-1004, F-1005, F-1014,  F-1017, F-1027, F-1028, F-1033, F-1054, F-1066, F-1067, F-1074, F-1076, F-1077, F-1113, F-1114 ."],"access_subjects_ssim":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography.","Photographs shelf.","Actors--Michigan--1900-1910.","Actresses--Michigan--1890-1910.","African American businesspeople--Michigan.","African American children--Portraits--Michigan.","African American choirs--Michigan.","African American churches--Michigan.","African American freemasons--Michigan.","African American judges--Michigan.","African American musicians--Michigan.","African Americans--Societies, etc.--Michigan.","African American students--Michigan.","African American Sunday schools--Michigan.","Agricultural laborers--Michigan.","Airports--Michigan.","Aircraft--Michigan--1930-1940.","Aircraft industry--Michigan.","Air shows--Michigan.","Amateur theater--Michigan.","Amusement parks--Michigan.","Animals on television--Michigan.","Asbestos--Michigan.","Automobile factories--Michigan.","Automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Automobile rallies--Michigan.","Automobiles--Michigan.","Automobiles--Design and construction--Michigan.","Balls (Parties)--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bands (Music)--Michigan.","Banquets--Michigan--1920-1930.","Barbers--Michigan.","Barbershops--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bar mitzvah--Michigan.","Bars (Drinking establishments)--Michigan.","Baseball players--Michigan.","Basketball courts--Michigan.","Basketball players--Michigan.","Beauty shops--Michigan.","Beekeepers--Michigan.","Bicycles \u0026 tricycles--Michigan--1890-1930.","Bicycle stores--Michigan.","Blacksmiths--Michigan.","Blizzards--Michigan.","Boats and boating--Michigan.","Boycotts--Michigan.","Breweries--Michigan.","Breweries--Employees--Michigan.","Brick trade--Michigan.","Bridges--Michigan--Detroit.","Broom and brush industry--Michigan.","Building construction--Michigan--1910-1930.","Buses--Michigan--1930-1940.","Business organizations--Michigan.","Business Schools--Michigan.","Button industry--Michigan.","Cafeterias--Michigan.","Camping--Michigan.","Canoes and canoeing--Michigan.","Carts \u0026 wagons--Michigan--1890-1910","Casinos--Michigan.","Catholic schools--Michigan.","Cemeteries--Michigan.","Chauffeurs--Michigan.","Chemical industry--Michigan.","Children's costumes--Michigan.","Children's parties--Michigan--1890-1900.","Children--Michigan--Portraits.","Children's choirs--Michigan.","Church buildings--Michigan.","Cigar industry--Michigan.","Circus animals--Michigan.","Circus performers--Michigan.","City councils--Michigan--Hamtramck (Mich.)","City halls--Michigan.","Commercial photography--Michigan.","Concert programs--Michigan.","Confirmation--Catholic Church--Michigan.","Construction workers--Michigan.","Coopers and Cooperage--Michigan.","Couples--Michigan--Portraits.","Creameries--Michigan.","Cross-country runners--Michigan.","Curling--Michigan.","Dairying--Michigan.","Delivery of goods--Michigan.","Diving--Michigan--1890-1900.","Docks--Michigan.","Dredges--Michigan.","Drugstores--Michigan.","Dwellings--Michigan.","Engines--Michigan.","Entertainers--Michigan--1900-1910.","Ethnic costume--Romania.","Ethnic groups--Michigan.","Exhibitions--Michigan--1880-1890.","Explosions--Michigan.","Factories--Employees--Michigan.","Factories--Michigan.","Families--Michigan--Portraits.","Fire fighters--Michigan.","Florists--Michigan.","Flour mills--Michigan.","Flower arrangements--Michigan--1920-1940.","Football players--Michigan--1900-1910.","Fraternal organizations--Michigan","Funeral rites \u0026 ceremonies--Michigan--1910-1930","Gardens--Michigan--1900-1910.","Gas power plants--Michigan.","Graduation (School)","Grocery trade--Michigan.","Hardware stores--Michigan.","Hat trade--Michigan.","High school students--Michigan.","Horse-drawn rail cars--Michigan.","Horse racing--Michigan--1920-1930","Hospitals--Michigan--Detroit.","Hotels--Michigan--1870-1890.","Ice industry--Michigan.","Insurance companies--Michigan.","Inventors--Michigan","Jazz musicians--Michigan","Kitchen utensils--Michigan.","Laboratories--Michigan.","Lakes--Michigan.","Libraries--Michigan--Detroit.","Lighthouses--Michigan.","Locomotives--Michigan.","Luggage industry--Michigan.","Mausoleums--Michigan.","Mechanical musical instruments--Michigan.","Men--Michigan--Portraits.","Men--Societies  and clubs--Michigan.","Metalworking industries--Michigan.","Military bands--Michigan.","Motion pictures--Michigan--1930-1940.","Motorboat racing--Michigan.","Music stores--Michigan.","Musicians--Michigan.","Nightclubs--Michigan.","Nursing schools--Michigan.","Occupational training--Michigan.","Offices--Michigan--1910-1930.","Old age homes--Michigan.","Opticians--Michigan.","Paddle steamers--Michigan.","Parade floats--Michigan.","Parades--Michigan.","Parks--Michigan--Detroit.","Photography--Societies, etc--Michigan.","Picnics--Michigan.","Playgrounds--Michigan.","Police--Michigan--Detroit.","Police stations--Michigan.","Political parades \u0026 rallies--Michigan--1900-1920.","Portraits, group--Michigan.","Postmortem photography--Michigan.","Power-plants--Design and construction--Michigan.","Priests--Michigan.","Prisons--Michigan.","Public architecture--Michigan.","Radio broadcasting--Michigan.","Railroad stations--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Design and construction--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Michigan.","Railroads--Employees--Michigan.","Railroads--Michigan.","Residential architecture--Michigan.","Restaurants--Michigan--1920-1930.","Sailors--Michigan.","School children--Michigan.","School buildings--Michigan.","School plays--Michigan.","School yearbooks--Michigan.","Ships--Launching--Michigan.","Ships--Michigan.","Shoes--Repairing--Michigan.","Skyscrapers--Michigan--Detroit.","Soccer players--Michigan--1920-1930","Soldiers--Michigan.","Souvenirs (Keepsakes)--Michigan.","Spanish-American War, 1898--Veterans--Michigan.","Stables--Michigan.","Steamboats--Michigan.","Steel foundries--Michigan.","Stove industry and trade--Michigan.","Street lighting--Michigan.","Street-railroads--Michigan.","Streets--Michigan.","Strikes and lockouts--Automobile industry--Michigan.","String bands--Michigan.","Storefronts--Michigan.","Teeth--Radiography--Michigan.","Television programs--Michigan.","Theaters--Michigan--1910-1920.","Threshing machines--Michigan--1900-1910.","Tour buses--Michigan.","Traffic signs \u0026 signals---Michigan--1930-1950","Train ferries--Michigan.","Trucks--Michigan--1920-1940.","Variety stores--Michigan.","Vocational education--Michigan.","Water mills--Michigan.","Water towers--Michigan.","Waterworks--Michigan.","Weddings--Michigan.","Women automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Women field hockey players--Michigan.","Women figure skaters--Michigan.","Women--Employment--Michigan--1910-1940.","Women--Michigan--Portraits.","Women--Societies and clubs--Michigan.","World War 1914-1918--Michigan.","Clippings.","Cyanotypes.","Documents.","Ephemera.","Pamphlets.","Photocopies.","Photographic prints.","Photomechanical prints.","Postage stamps."],"access_subjects_ssm":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography.","Photographs shelf.","Actors--Michigan--1900-1910.","Actresses--Michigan--1890-1910.","African American businesspeople--Michigan.","African American children--Portraits--Michigan.","African American choirs--Michigan.","African American churches--Michigan.","African American freemasons--Michigan.","African American judges--Michigan.","African American musicians--Michigan.","African Americans--Societies, etc.--Michigan.","African American students--Michigan.","African American Sunday schools--Michigan.","Agricultural laborers--Michigan.","Airports--Michigan.","Aircraft--Michigan--1930-1940.","Aircraft industry--Michigan.","Air shows--Michigan.","Amateur theater--Michigan.","Amusement parks--Michigan.","Animals on television--Michigan.","Asbestos--Michigan.","Automobile factories--Michigan.","Automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Automobile rallies--Michigan.","Automobiles--Michigan.","Automobiles--Design and construction--Michigan.","Balls (Parties)--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bands (Music)--Michigan.","Banquets--Michigan--1920-1930.","Barbers--Michigan.","Barbershops--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bar mitzvah--Michigan.","Bars (Drinking establishments)--Michigan.","Baseball players--Michigan.","Basketball courts--Michigan.","Basketball players--Michigan.","Beauty shops--Michigan.","Beekeepers--Michigan.","Bicycles \u0026 tricycles--Michigan--1890-1930.","Bicycle stores--Michigan.","Blacksmiths--Michigan.","Blizzards--Michigan.","Boats and boating--Michigan.","Boycotts--Michigan.","Breweries--Michigan.","Breweries--Employees--Michigan.","Brick trade--Michigan.","Bridges--Michigan--Detroit.","Broom and brush industry--Michigan.","Building construction--Michigan--1910-1930.","Buses--Michigan--1930-1940.","Business organizations--Michigan.","Business Schools--Michigan.","Button industry--Michigan.","Cafeterias--Michigan.","Camping--Michigan.","Canoes and canoeing--Michigan.","Carts \u0026 wagons--Michigan--1890-1910","Casinos--Michigan.","Catholic schools--Michigan.","Cemeteries--Michigan.","Chauffeurs--Michigan.","Chemical industry--Michigan.","Children's costumes--Michigan.","Children's parties--Michigan--1890-1900.","Children--Michigan--Portraits.","Children's choirs--Michigan.","Church buildings--Michigan.","Cigar industry--Michigan.","Circus animals--Michigan.","Circus performers--Michigan.","City councils--Michigan--Hamtramck (Mich.)","City halls--Michigan.","Commercial photography--Michigan.","Concert programs--Michigan.","Confirmation--Catholic Church--Michigan.","Construction workers--Michigan.","Coopers and Cooperage--Michigan.","Couples--Michigan--Portraits.","Creameries--Michigan.","Cross-country runners--Michigan.","Curling--Michigan.","Dairying--Michigan.","Delivery of goods--Michigan.","Diving--Michigan--1890-1900.","Docks--Michigan.","Dredges--Michigan.","Drugstores--Michigan.","Dwellings--Michigan.","Engines--Michigan.","Entertainers--Michigan--1900-1910.","Ethnic costume--Romania.","Ethnic groups--Michigan.","Exhibitions--Michigan--1880-1890.","Explosions--Michigan.","Factories--Employees--Michigan.","Factories--Michigan.","Families--Michigan--Portraits.","Fire fighters--Michigan.","Florists--Michigan.","Flour mills--Michigan.","Flower arrangements--Michigan--1920-1940.","Football players--Michigan--1900-1910.","Fraternal organizations--Michigan","Funeral rites \u0026 ceremonies--Michigan--1910-1930","Gardens--Michigan--1900-1910.","Gas power plants--Michigan.","Graduation (School)","Grocery trade--Michigan.","Hardware stores--Michigan.","Hat trade--Michigan.","High school students--Michigan.","Horse-drawn rail cars--Michigan.","Horse racing--Michigan--1920-1930","Hospitals--Michigan--Detroit.","Hotels--Michigan--1870-1890.","Ice industry--Michigan.","Insurance companies--Michigan.","Inventors--Michigan","Jazz musicians--Michigan","Kitchen utensils--Michigan.","Laboratories--Michigan.","Lakes--Michigan.","Libraries--Michigan--Detroit.","Lighthouses--Michigan.","Locomotives--Michigan.","Luggage industry--Michigan.","Mausoleums--Michigan.","Mechanical musical instruments--Michigan.","Men--Michigan--Portraits.","Men--Societies  and clubs--Michigan.","Metalworking industries--Michigan.","Military bands--Michigan.","Motion pictures--Michigan--1930-1940.","Motorboat racing--Michigan.","Music stores--Michigan.","Musicians--Michigan.","Nightclubs--Michigan.","Nursing schools--Michigan.","Occupational training--Michigan.","Offices--Michigan--1910-1930.","Old age homes--Michigan.","Opticians--Michigan.","Paddle steamers--Michigan.","Parade floats--Michigan.","Parades--Michigan.","Parks--Michigan--Detroit.","Photography--Societies, etc--Michigan.","Picnics--Michigan.","Playgrounds--Michigan.","Police--Michigan--Detroit.","Police stations--Michigan.","Political parades \u0026 rallies--Michigan--1900-1920.","Portraits, group--Michigan.","Postmortem photography--Michigan.","Power-plants--Design and construction--Michigan.","Priests--Michigan.","Prisons--Michigan.","Public architecture--Michigan.","Radio broadcasting--Michigan.","Railroad stations--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Design and construction--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Michigan.","Railroads--Employees--Michigan.","Railroads--Michigan.","Residential architecture--Michigan.","Restaurants--Michigan--1920-1930.","Sailors--Michigan.","School children--Michigan.","School buildings--Michigan.","School plays--Michigan.","School yearbooks--Michigan.","Ships--Launching--Michigan.","Ships--Michigan.","Shoes--Repairing--Michigan.","Skyscrapers--Michigan--Detroit.","Soccer players--Michigan--1920-1930","Soldiers--Michigan.","Souvenirs (Keepsakes)--Michigan.","Spanish-American War, 1898--Veterans--Michigan.","Stables--Michigan.","Steamboats--Michigan.","Steel foundries--Michigan.","Stove industry and trade--Michigan.","Street lighting--Michigan.","Street-railroads--Michigan.","Streets--Michigan.","Strikes and lockouts--Automobile industry--Michigan.","String bands--Michigan.","Storefronts--Michigan.","Teeth--Radiography--Michigan.","Television programs--Michigan.","Theaters--Michigan--1910-1920.","Threshing machines--Michigan--1900-1910.","Tour buses--Michigan.","Traffic signs \u0026 signals---Michigan--1930-1950","Train ferries--Michigan.","Trucks--Michigan--1920-1940.","Variety stores--Michigan.","Vocational education--Michigan.","Water mills--Michigan.","Water towers--Michigan.","Waterworks--Michigan.","Weddings--Michigan.","Women automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Women field hockey players--Michigan.","Women figure skaters--Michigan.","Women--Employment--Michigan--1910-1940.","Women--Michigan--Portraits.","Women--Societies and clubs--Michigan.","World War 1914-1918--Michigan.","Clippings.","Cyanotypes.","Documents.","Ephemera.","Pamphlets.","Photocopies.","Photographic prints.","Photomechanical prints.","Postage stamps."],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["1,937 photographs, 16 real photo stamps, 6 booklets, 101 pages, clippings and ephemera"],"extent_tesim":["1,937 photographs, 16 real photo stamps, 6 booklets, 101 pages, clippings and ephemera"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe city of Detroit and its vast metropolitan area has dominated the Wayne County area for centuries. Detroit was founded in 1701 as a French settlement with access to the Great Lakes and Canada and quickly became a strategic military post and trade center. It transferred to British control in 1760 during the Seven Years War and to United States governance in 1796. It became a chartered city in 1802, the capitol of the Michigan Territory in 1805, and Michigan’s first State Capital from 1837 to 1847. The city grew with an economy based largely on agriculture and trade in the early 19th century, becoming one of the nation’s prime manufacturing and cultural centers after the Civil War. Large industries based in the region included railroad equipment manufacturing, ship building, iron and steel production, stoves, pharmaceuticals, brewing, wagon making, and many others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe industrial strength of Detroit created a large middle-class society as well as vast wealth. In turn, this affluence supported cultural advancement, education, and the arts. Commercial photography studios thrived in this environment. Many prize-winning portrait photographers were based in Detroit, as were those specializing in architecture, and the documentation of industry and commerce.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe diversity of industry of late 19th century Detroit gave way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. The boom in wartime production during World War Two attracted workers from around the country and shifted the racial demographics of the city.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collapse of manufacturing industries, the disappearance of public transportation, and massive population shifts to the suburbs were factors in the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The city of Detroit and its vast metropolitan area has dominated the Wayne County area for centuries. Detroit was founded in 1701 as a French settlement with access to the Great Lakes and Canada and quickly became a strategic military post and trade center. It transferred to British control in 1760 during the Seven Years War and to United States governance in 1796. It became a chartered city in 1802, the capitol of the Michigan Territory in 1805, and Michigan’s first State Capital from 1837 to 1847. The city grew with an economy based largely on agriculture and trade in the early 19th century, becoming one of the nation’s prime manufacturing and cultural centers after the Civil War. Large industries based in the region included railroad equipment manufacturing, ship building, iron and steel production, stoves, pharmaceuticals, brewing, wagon making, and many others.","The industrial strength of Detroit created a large middle-class society as well as vast wealth. In turn, this affluence supported cultural advancement, education, and the arts. Commercial photography studios thrived in this environment. Many prize-winning portrait photographers were based in Detroit, as were those specializing in architecture, and the documentation of industry and commerce.","The diversity of industry of late 19th century Detroit gave way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. The boom in wartime production during World War Two attracted workers from around the country and shifted the racial demographics of the city.","The collapse of manufacturing industries, the disappearance of public transportation, and massive population shifts to the suburbs were factors in the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncluded in the Wayne County file of the David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography are images of urban Detroit, people in their places of work, at home, at leisure, and participating in social activities and in fraternal and religious organizations. Numerous images show industrial manufacturing, urban transportation, and civic infrastructure. Activities related to entertainment, sports, parades, and the arts are well represented. The many portraits photographs include formal posed images, casual snapshots, workplace groups and fraternal organizations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA vast majority of the photographs are the work of commercial photographers, with some amateurs. A significant number of photos were taken by Detroit News and Detroit Free Press photographers. Almost all the images present would be considered vernacular photos rather than fine art; however, many are carefully composed with strong aesthetic characteristics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough the photos have been largely sorted by subject, related materials may be present outside of the subject categories, i.e., images of transportation can also be found in the categories Architecture, Business and Commerce, Group Portraits, and in other sections outside of Transportation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the photos in this collection were taken in Detroit during the era of rapid population growth and industrial development around the turn of the century. The diversity of industry that appears in the late 19th century images can be seen giving way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. Evidence of the rich residential lifestyles and multi-ethnic cultures of the Detroit area appear in many images.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the fringe of the collection’s scope are images of the demolition of factories, the disappearance of public transportation, and racial unrest during the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIt should be noted that while most of the collection are mounted and unmounted photographic prints, there are a few bound items as well as printed ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection has been organized into various categories by subject. The first group of photos is comprised of those that did not fit neatly under other categories. These include views of military encampments, disasters and firefighting, civic unrest, commercial product promotions, and other miscellaneous topics. Of particular note is a charming outdoor children’s party scene by amateur photographer Robert R. Oesterreich (no. 9); a double portrait montage by Tony Spina of John F. Kennedy and Robert F. Kennedy, both speaking at Campus Martius (no. 14); the high quality photomechanical prints of Detroit scenes and architecture in the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDetroit Illustrated.\u003c/emph\u003e (no. 16); and a collection of 28 miscellaneous nightclub souvenir photographs dating from the 1940s-1980s (no. 20). The rest of the material falls under the following categories:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eTransportation:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e243 photographs. Material is divided between the following sub-categories: Automobiles and Trucks (56 photographs), Aircraft (18 photographs), Railroads and Trains (58 photographs), Streetcars and Trolleys (20 photographs), Roads and Infrastructure (33 photographs), Wagons (20 photographs), Maritime (38 photographs).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOf note are a photograph of an African American couple posed with a new V-8 Ford (no. 71.3); construction photos of the Detroit River railroad tunnel (no. 95); Goebel’s Brewing Co. delivery wagons (no. 98); and a view of the steamboat \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTashmoo\u003c/emph\u003e at speed on the Detroit River (no. 110).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003ePerformers:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e107 photographs, most of which (113 photographs) are contained in the sub-category Music and Musicians. Of particular note are numerous photos of community brass bands, a photo of John Philip Sousa and his band at Grand Circus Park (no. 122); an image of the inventor Charles Crawford and his patented \"Pickaphone\" mechanism for playing stringed instruments, ca. 1888 (no. 123); and copy prints of two important early jazz bands, Finney’s Orchestra (no. 131) and McKinney’s Cotton Pickers (no. 132).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003ePortraits:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e505 photographs. Material is divided into the following sub-categories: Individuals (172 photographs), Groups (133 photographs), Children (97 photographs), Weddings (64 photographs), Confirmation and Communion (41 photographs). Of particular interest are a photograph of Joan Baxter and her Hot Dog Cooker (no. 137); three 1860's portraits of members of the Hawley family of Detroit (no. 141), one of which is inscribed with enlargement instructions ca.1901 on its verso; and a portrait of politician and founder of the Republican Party Zachariah Chandler, taken by Benjamin Powelson ca. 1880 (no. 142).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOf the many notable images within the Groups category are an outstanding image of sixteen Packard Motor Car Company employees piled onto a 1911 Packard in front of the then new Packard factory on West Grand Blvd. (no. 144.9); a group of African American women engaged in a ceremonial burning of the mortgage of the Phyllis Wheatley Home for Aged Colored Ladies (no. 162); and a portrait of members of the Direct Credits Society, a Great Depression-era wealth redistribution movement founded by Alfred Lawson (no. 166).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eParades:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e54 photographs. Many scenes of massive parades in Detroit. Of note is a series of photographs of women marching in a racially-integrated United Spanish War Veterans Parade, ca.1940 (no. 179); and a view of five young women in a florally decorated early automobile (no. 180.11).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eBusiness \u0026amp; Commerce:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e319 photographs. Where possible, material has been divided into the following sub-categories: Business Exteriors (52 photographs), Business Interiors (125 photographs), Construction (22 photographs), Ford Motor Company (19 photographs). Of note is an image of a group of brewers tapping a keg at the Marx Brewing Co. (no. 186.1); Candler Dock \u0026amp; Dredge Co. workers and surveyors building a dock, taken by the Manning Bros. ca 1920s (no. 192); women rolling cigars at the R.G. Dunn factory, 1909 (no. 204); workers fabricating automobile bodies at the Briggs Manufacturing Co. ca. 1910s (no. 206);interior view of the Burroughs Adding Machine factory (no 209.11); the Penobscot Building construction in three stages ca 1928 (no. 217); and two fold-out panoramic photos of the Ford complex at River Rouge taken by Otto Rotch in 1925 (no. 218).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eViews:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e86 photographs. Material is divided into Street Views (28 photographs), Residential Views (51 photographs), and Aerial Views (7 photographs).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eArchitecture:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e69 photographs. Of particular note is a charming view of a small inn at Springwells, Mich., the International Exposition House ca. 1889 (no. 235); an 1870's print of the large Russell House Hotel in Detroit (no. 238); and a panoramic view of downtown Detroit at its peak, taken by the Murray Studio in the 1920s (no. 240.18).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eLabor \u0026amp; Unemployment:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8 photographs primarily focused on unemployment during the Great Depression. Of note is a group photo of the striking Journeyman Bakers International Union in 1902 (no. 248).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eAthletes \u0026amp; Athletics:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e58 photographs. Of particular note are a copy-print of a 1910 Detroit Tigers team photo featuring Hall of Famer Ty Cobb (no. 261); a series of 3 group photographs of an early soccer team, Michigan Alkali F.C. in 1923 (no. 265); Wyandotte baseball teams (no. 266);. The Slocum’s Island baseball champions of 1882 (no. 272.4); and a 1943 curling team (no. 273).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eClassrooms \u0026amp; Schools:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e38 photographs. Of particular interest are a student group in front of a one-room schoolhouse at Cherry Hill in 1934 (no. 280.11); a kindergarten band at Clippert School taken by the Manning Bros. (no. 280.20); and a ca.1936 Lincoln Park High School album with personal snapshots and autographs of classmates (no. 279).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003ePlaces of Worship \u0026amp; Religious Activities:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e43 photographs. One of several images related to African American church congregations shows members of an A.M.E. church dressed in \"traditional\" African garb ca.1920-1930 (no. 284).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eParks:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e112 photographs. Of particular focus is Belle Isle (approx. 50 photographs) and Waterworks Park. A series of Belle Isle views taken in 1889 by Holcombe \u0026amp; Metzen is particularly picturesque (no. 297.1-9).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eFunerals \u0026amp; Postmortem Photography:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e14 photographs. These photographs date from the 1910s-1930s and are mostly photographs of open caskets surrounded by the deceased's family.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Included in the Wayne County file of the David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography are images of urban Detroit, people in their places of work, at home, at leisure, and participating in social activities and in fraternal and religious organizations. Numerous images show industrial manufacturing, urban transportation, and civic infrastructure. Activities related to entertainment, sports, parades, and the arts are well represented. The many portraits photographs include formal posed images, casual snapshots, workplace groups and fraternal organizations.","A vast majority of the photographs are the work of commercial photographers, with some amateurs. A significant number of photos were taken by Detroit News and Detroit Free Press photographers. Almost all the images present would be considered vernacular photos rather than fine art; however, many are carefully composed with strong aesthetic characteristics.","Although the photos have been largely sorted by subject, related materials may be present outside of the subject categories, i.e., images of transportation can also be found in the categories Architecture, Business and Commerce, Group Portraits, and in other sections outside of Transportation.","The bulk of the photos in this collection were taken in Detroit during the era of rapid population growth and industrial development around the turn of the century. The diversity of industry that appears in the late 19th century images can be seen giving way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. Evidence of the rich residential lifestyles and multi-ethnic cultures of the Detroit area appear in many images.","At the fringe of the collection’s scope are images of the demolition of factories, the disappearance of public transportation, and racial unrest during the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century.","It should be noted that while most of the collection are mounted and unmounted photographic prints, there are a few bound items as well as printed ephemera.","The collection has been organized into various categories by subject. The first group of photos is comprised of those that did not fit neatly under other categories. These include views of military encampments, disasters and firefighting, civic unrest, commercial product promotions, and other miscellaneous topics. Of particular note is a charming outdoor children’s party scene by amateur photographer Robert R. Oesterreich (no. 9); a double portrait montage by Tony Spina of John F. Kennedy and Robert F. Kennedy, both speaking at Campus Martius (no. 14); the high quality photomechanical prints of Detroit scenes and architecture in the  Detroit Illustrated.  (no. 16); and a collection of 28 miscellaneous nightclub souvenir photographs dating from the 1940s-1980s (no. 20). The rest of the material falls under the following categories:","Transportation: 243 photographs. Material is divided between the following sub-categories: Automobiles and Trucks (56 photographs), Aircraft (18 photographs), Railroads and Trains (58 photographs), Streetcars and Trolleys (20 photographs), Roads and Infrastructure (33 photographs), Wagons (20 photographs), Maritime (38 photographs).","Of note are a photograph of an African American couple posed with a new V-8 Ford (no. 71.3); construction photos of the Detroit River railroad tunnel (no. 95); Goebel’s Brewing Co. delivery wagons (no. 98); and a view of the steamboat  Tashmoo  at speed on the Detroit River (no. 110).","Performers: 107 photographs, most of which (113 photographs) are contained in the sub-category Music and Musicians. Of particular note are numerous photos of community brass bands, a photo of John Philip Sousa and his band at Grand Circus Park (no. 122); an image of the inventor Charles Crawford and his patented \"Pickaphone\" mechanism for playing stringed instruments, ca. 1888 (no. 123); and copy prints of two important early jazz bands, Finney’s Orchestra (no. 131) and McKinney’s Cotton Pickers (no. 132).","Portraits: 505 photographs. Material is divided into the following sub-categories: Individuals (172 photographs), Groups (133 photographs), Children (97 photographs), Weddings (64 photographs), Confirmation and Communion (41 photographs). Of particular interest are a photograph of Joan Baxter and her Hot Dog Cooker (no. 137); three 1860's portraits of members of the Hawley family of Detroit (no. 141), one of which is inscribed with enlargement instructions ca.1901 on its verso; and a portrait of politician and founder of the Republican Party Zachariah Chandler, taken by Benjamin Powelson ca. 1880 (no. 142).","Of the many notable images within the Groups category are an outstanding image of sixteen Packard Motor Car Company employees piled onto a 1911 Packard in front of the then new Packard factory on West Grand Blvd. (no. 144.9); a group of African American women engaged in a ceremonial burning of the mortgage of the Phyllis Wheatley Home for Aged Colored Ladies (no. 162); and a portrait of members of the Direct Credits Society, a Great Depression-era wealth redistribution movement founded by Alfred Lawson (no. 166).","Parades: 54 photographs. Many scenes of massive parades in Detroit. Of note is a series of photographs of women marching in a racially-integrated United Spanish War Veterans Parade, ca.1940 (no. 179); and a view of five young women in a florally decorated early automobile (no. 180.11).","Business \u0026 Commerce: 319 photographs. Where possible, material has been divided into the following sub-categories: Business Exteriors (52 photographs), Business Interiors (125 photographs), Construction (22 photographs), Ford Motor Company (19 photographs). Of note is an image of a group of brewers tapping a keg at the Marx Brewing Co. (no. 186.1); Candler Dock \u0026 Dredge Co. workers and surveyors building a dock, taken by the Manning Bros. ca 1920s (no. 192); women rolling cigars at the R.G. Dunn factory, 1909 (no. 204); workers fabricating automobile bodies at the Briggs Manufacturing Co. ca. 1910s (no. 206);interior view of the Burroughs Adding Machine factory (no 209.11); the Penobscot Building construction in three stages ca 1928 (no. 217); and two fold-out panoramic photos of the Ford complex at River Rouge taken by Otto Rotch in 1925 (no. 218).","Views: 86 photographs. Material is divided into Street Views (28 photographs), Residential Views (51 photographs), and Aerial Views (7 photographs).","Architecture: 69 photographs. Of particular note is a charming view of a small inn at Springwells, Mich., the International Exposition House ca. 1889 (no. 235); an 1870's print of the large Russell House Hotel in Detroit (no. 238); and a panoramic view of downtown Detroit at its peak, taken by the Murray Studio in the 1920s (no. 240.18).","Labor \u0026 Unemployment: 8 photographs primarily focused on unemployment during the Great Depression. Of note is a group photo of the striking Journeyman Bakers International Union in 1902 (no. 248).","Athletes \u0026 Athletics: 58 photographs. Of particular note are a copy-print of a 1910 Detroit Tigers team photo featuring Hall of Famer Ty Cobb (no. 261); a series of 3 group photographs of an early soccer team, Michigan Alkali F.C. in 1923 (no. 265); Wyandotte baseball teams (no. 266);. The Slocum’s Island baseball champions of 1882 (no. 272.4); and a 1943 curling team (no. 273).","Classrooms \u0026 Schools: 38 photographs. Of particular interest are a student group in front of a one-room schoolhouse at Cherry Hill in 1934 (no. 280.11); a kindergarten band at Clippert School taken by the Manning Bros. (no. 280.20); and a ca.1936 Lincoln Park High School album with personal snapshots and autographs of classmates (no. 279).","Places of Worship \u0026 Religious Activities: 43 photographs. One of several images related to African American church congregations shows members of an A.M.E. church dressed in \"traditional\" African garb ca.1920-1930 (no. 284).","Parks: 112 photographs. Of particular focus is Belle Isle (approx. 50 photographs) and Waterworks Park. A series of Belle Isle views taken in 1889 by Holcombe \u0026 Metzen is particularly picturesque (no. 297.1-9).","Funerals \u0026 Postmortem Photography: 14 photographs. These photographs date from the 1910s-1930s and are mostly photographs of open caskets surrounded by the deceased's family."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract\u003eThe collection contains photographs of Wayne County, Michigan. Included are numerous urban scenes and images of everyday life, primarily in the Metropolitan Detroit area between 1860 and the mid-20th century. The bulk of the photographs were taken between 1890 and 1930. A very wide range of topics is represented, among them commercial and residential architecture, urban infrastructure, public and private spaces, civic and domestic activities, individual and group portraits, and events from across the social spectrum.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains photographs of Wayne County, Michigan. Included are numerous urban scenes and images of everyday life, primarily in the Metropolitan Detroit area between 1860 and the mid-20th century. The bulk of the photographs were taken between 1890 and 1930. A very wide range of topics is represented, among them commercial and residential architecture, urban infrastructure, public and private spaces, civic and domestic activities, individual and group portraits, and events from across the social spectrum."],"names_ssim":["William L. Clements Library , University of Michigan","American Red Cross.","Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine for North America.","BASF Wyandotte Corporation.","Cartercar Co.","Catholic Church--Clergy--Michigan.","Detroit College of Medicine.","Detroit Institute of Arts.","Detroit Museum of Art.","Detroit Opera House.","Detroit Red Wings (Hockey team)","Detroit Symphony Orchestra.","Detroit, Toledo and Ironton Railroad.","Dodge Brothers.","Ford Motor Company.","Ford Motor Company--Employees.","Ford Motor Company. Rouge River Plant.","Ford Rotunda (Dearborn, Mich.)","General Motors Corporation.","Henry Ford Museum and Greenfield Village.","Hudson's (Department store)","International Union, United Automobile Workers of America (CIO)","Journeymen Bakers National Union of the United States.","Knights of Pythias.","Knights Templar (Masonic order)","Michigan Central Railroad Company.","Michigan. National Guard.","Michigan Stove Company.","Tiger Stadium (Detroit, Mich.)","United States. Army--Recruiting, enlistment, etc.--Michigan.","United States. Army. Reserve Officers' Training Corps.","YMCA of the USA.","Young Women's Christian Association.","Agdan Photographic.","Alliance Commercial Photo Co.","Alvord \u0026 Co.","American Commercial Photo Co.","Arthur Studio.","Babas Studio.","Baker Art Studio.","Baker Studio.","Ballaun Studio.","Bonish Studio.","Brown \u0026 Co.","Charles Hopp \u0026 Co.","Club Photos Inc.","Commercial Photo Service Co.","Cousins Art Studio.","Davison Photo Studio.","Deluxe Theatrical Studio.","Detroit Edison Co.","Detroit News Staff.","Fotografia Italiana (G. Lanni \u0026 Co.)","General Motors Photographic Section.","Harbican Studio.","Hoffman Studio.","Holcombe \u0026 Metzen.","Holgate Studio.","Huntington \u0026 Clark.","Litynski-Jakubowski Co.","MacGregor and Company.","Manning Bros.","Metropolitan Art Studio.","Modernistic Photo Studio.","New Chene Studio.","P. Pieronek Studio.","Rembrandt Studios.","Rentschler's Studio.","Smart Set Studio.","Smith Brothers Commerical Photographers.","Spencer \u0026 Wyckoff.","Spooner \u0026 Wells, Inc.","Tiffany Photographic Studio.","Ziawinski Bros.","Tinder, David V.","Grant, Ulysses S. (Ulysses Simpson), 1822-1885--Homes and haunts.","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963.","Kennedy, Robert F., 1925-1968.","Robeson, Paul, 1898-1976.","Sousa, John Philip, 1854-1932.","Arthur, Edward J.","Baker, Chas. R.","Ball, Lyman L.","Baron, Herman.","Blanchard, Issac H.","Bleibel, Gustav.","Bowles, Esther A., Mrs.","Burose, Herman.","Cheff, Edmund Archael.","Craine, Benjamin H.","Hayes, Clarence Messenger.","Hediger, James D.","Hillmer, Davis B.","Hoffman, Clarence L.","Howie, George William.","Hughes, John Wesley.","Jackson, Harvey C.","James, Langford P.","Jones, J. F.","Lazarnick, Nathan.","Litynski, Walter E.","Mazur, Anthony","McMichael, A.G.","Merz, Charles J.","Mirecki, Albert J.","Phelps, C.A. (New Castle, IN)","Pipp, Frank H.","Poli, Faustino G.","Pollard, C.H.","Rentschler, Andrew.","Rochowiak, Stanley A.","Rotch, Otto.","Salter, Al.","Sowinski, Joseph.","Spellman, Delmar Driscoe.","Stone, Frank H.","Tomlinson, Frank N.","Wiederhold, John A.","Wright, Fred G.","Ziawinski, Felix.","Ziawinski, Joseph."],"corpname_ssim":["William L. Clements Library , University of Michigan","American Red Cross.","Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine for North America.","BASF Wyandotte Corporation.","Cartercar Co.","Catholic Church--Clergy--Michigan.","Detroit College of Medicine.","Detroit Institute of Arts.","Detroit Museum of Art.","Detroit Opera House.","Detroit Red Wings (Hockey team)","Detroit Symphony Orchestra.","Detroit, Toledo and Ironton Railroad.","Dodge Brothers.","Ford Motor Company.","Ford Motor Company--Employees.","Ford Motor Company. Rouge River Plant.","Ford Rotunda (Dearborn, Mich.)","General Motors Corporation.","Henry Ford Museum and Greenfield Village.","Hudson's (Department store)","International Union, United Automobile Workers of America (CIO)","Journeymen Bakers National Union of the United States.","Knights of Pythias.","Knights Templar (Masonic order)","Michigan Central Railroad Company.","Michigan. National Guard.","Michigan Stove Company.","Tiger Stadium (Detroit, Mich.)","United States. Army--Recruiting, enlistment, etc.--Michigan.","United States. Army. Reserve Officers' Training Corps.","YMCA of the USA.","Young Women's Christian Association.","Agdan Photographic.","Alliance Commercial Photo Co.","Alvord \u0026 Co.","American Commercial Photo Co.","Arthur Studio.","Babas Studio.","Baker Art Studio.","Baker Studio.","Ballaun Studio.","Bonish Studio.","Brown \u0026 Co.","Charles Hopp \u0026 Co.","Club Photos Inc.","Commercial Photo Service Co.","Cousins Art Studio.","Davison Photo Studio.","Deluxe Theatrical Studio.","Detroit Edison Co.","Detroit News Staff.","Fotografia Italiana (G. Lanni \u0026 Co.)","General Motors Photographic Section.","Harbican Studio.","Hoffman Studio.","Holcombe \u0026 Metzen.","Holgate Studio.","Huntington \u0026 Clark.","Litynski-Jakubowski Co.","MacGregor and Company.","Manning Bros.","Metropolitan Art Studio.","Modernistic Photo Studio.","New Chene Studio.","P. Pieronek Studio.","Rembrandt Studios.","Rentschler's Studio.","Smart Set Studio.","Smith Brothers Commerical Photographers.","Spencer \u0026 Wyckoff.","Spooner \u0026 Wells, Inc.","Tiffany Photographic Studio.","Ziawinski Bros."],"persname_ssim":["Tinder, David V.","Grant, Ulysses S. (Ulysses Simpson), 1822-1885--Homes and haunts.","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963.","Kennedy, Robert F., 1925-1968.","Robeson, Paul, 1898-1976.","Sousa, John Philip, 1854-1932.","Arthur, Edward J.","Baker, Chas. R.","Ball, Lyman L.","Baron, Herman.","Blanchard, Issac H.","Bleibel, Gustav.","Bowles, Esther A., Mrs.","Burose, Herman.","Cheff, Edmund Archael.","Craine, Benjamin H.","Hayes, Clarence Messenger.","Hediger, James D.","Hillmer, Davis B.","Hoffman, Clarence L.","Howie, George William.","Hughes, John Wesley.","Jackson, Harvey C.","James, Langford P.","Jones, J. F.","Lazarnick, Nathan.","Litynski, Walter E.","Mazur, Anthony","McMichael, A.G.","Merz, Charles J.","Mirecki, Albert J.","Phelps, C.A. (New Castle, IN)","Pipp, Frank H.","Poli, Faustino G.","Pollard, C.H.","Rentschler, Andrew.","Rochowiak, Stanley A.","Rotch, Otto.","Salter, Al.","Sowinski, Joseph.","Spellman, Delmar Driscoe.","Stone, Frank H.","Tomlinson, Frank N.","Wiederhold, John A.","Wright, Fred G.","Ziawinski, Felix.","Ziawinski, Joseph."],"language_ssim":["The material is in  English ."],"descrules_ssm":["Finding aid prepared using Describing Archives: A Content Standard (DACS)"],"total_component_count_is":365,"online_item_count_is":15,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:25:22.393Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_40e7185ee5792267628e42d8729fd045e5a94f84"}},{"id":"sc0066-xml_aspace_ref263_5bm","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"5\"×8\" cards containing what appear to be partial transcriptions of the taped interviews. Content also include some IBM punch cards, punched with the names of educational institutions.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/sc0066-xml_aspace_ref263_5bm#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"aspace_ref263_5bm","ref_ssm":["aspace_ref263_5bm","aspace_ref263_5bm"],"id":"sc0066-xml_aspace_ref263_5bm","title_filing_ssi":"5\"×8\" cards containing what appear to be partial transcriptions of the taped interviews. Content also include some IBM punch cards, punched with the names of educational institutions.","title_ssm":["5\"×8\" cards containing what appear to be partial transcriptions of the taped interviews. Content also include some IBM punch cards, punched with the names of educational institutions."],"title_tesim":["5\"×8\" cards containing what appear to be partial transcriptions of the taped interviews. Content also include some IBM punch cards, punched with the names of educational institutions."],"normalized_title_ssm":["5\"×8\" cards containing what appear to be partial transcriptions of the taped interviews. Content also include some IBM punch cards, punched with the names of educational institutions."],"text":["5\"×8\" cards containing what appear to be partial transcriptions of the taped interviews. Content also include some IBM punch cards, punched with the names of educational institutions.","KZSU Project South interviews, 1965-1976","Addenda, 1972 Nov","box 12-14"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ssim":["sc0066-xml","aspace_ref261_qi1"],"parent_ssi":"aspace_ref261_qi1","parent_ids_ssim":["sc0066-xml","sc0066-xml_aspace_ref261_qi1"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["KZSU Project South interviews, 1965-1976","Addenda, 1972 Nov"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["KZSU Project South interviews, 1965-1976","Addenda, 1972 Nov"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"repository_ssim":["Stanford University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives"],"collection_ssim":["KZSU Project South interviews, 1965-1976"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":257,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The materials are open for research use."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Property rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections and University Archives."],"containers_ssim":["box 12-14"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#1","_nest_parent_":"sc0066-xml_aspace_ref261_qi1","_root_":"sc0066-xml","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:10:35.038Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"sc0066-xml","title_filing_ssi":"KZSU Project South Interviews","title_ssm":["KZSU Project South interviews"],"title_tesim":["KZSU Project South interviews"],"ead_ssi":"sc0066.xml","unitdate_ssm":["1965-1976"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1965-1976"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC0066"],"text":["SC0066","KZSU Project South interviews, 1965-1976","Civil rights movements -- United States.","African Americans -- Civil rights -- United States.","Civil rights -- United States.","Audiotapes.","Interviews.","The materials are open for research use.","The transcripts and audio recordings have been digitized and are available for online review by clicking on the hyperlinks under each interview.","During the summer of 1965, eight students from Stanford University spent ten weeks in the southern states tape-recording information on the civil rights movement. The eight interviewers -- Mary Kay Becker, Mark Dalrymple, Roger Dankert, Richard Gillam, James McRae, Penny Niland, Jon Roise, and Julie Wells -- were sponsored by KZSU, Stanford's student radio station, and their original intent was to gather material suitable for rebroadcasting in the form of radio programs. Much attention was focused on white civil rights workers, although a great deal of other documentation relevant to black history was also obtained: the interviewers visited over fifty civil rights projects in six states (see appendix) and secured three hundred and thirty hours of recordings, including over two hundred hours of personal interviews. In addition to interviewing members of various, well-known civil rights groups -- the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party (MFDP), the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC or `Snick') -- the student interviewers also recorded the formal and the informal remarks of those working with smaller, independent civil rights projects, of local blacks associated with the civil rights movement, and of many others including Ku Klux Klansmen and Southerners connected with the Sheriff's Department of Clay County, Mississippi. The interviewers, in addition, spoke with many white volunteers who participated in Snick's `Washington Lobby' (aimed at unseating the all-white Mississippi Congressional Delegation) but who did not actually go south.","Several of the two-man interview teams recorded parts of the Jackson, Bougalusa, Greensboro, Crawfordsville, and West Point demonstrations, and also gathered various other action tapes of civil rights workers canvassing voters, conducting freedom schools, or participating in demonstrations. Finally, the interviewers recorded many mass meetings and gathered much material on the orientation sessions of MFDP in Hattiesburg, Mississippi and of SCLC in Atlanta, Georgia. All of these original tape recordings are now housed in the Library of Recorded Sound, Stanford, California.","The following pages contain transcripts of the majority of recordings mentioned above. It is hoped that these volumes will rescue from obscurity a body of information which we believe can be of great use both to scholars and to laymen interested in the dramatic history of the civil rights movement during the past decade. This material may prove to be especially valuable because it concerns a transitional period between the first `freedom summer' of 1964, the high tide of civil rights, and the `Meredith March of 1966 during which Stokely Carmichael first voiced the compelling cry of `Black Power'. In fact, at least one essay and a documentary history based on these recordings are already in progress, and it is expected that more will soon follow.","Many of the interviewees are identified by name on the first page of the transcripts which follow. Because of the long time which has already elapsed since the interviews were recorded, however, it is requested that these names not be used in print unless the written consent of the interviewees concerned is first obtained.","In closing, we would like to express our thanks to the Stanford Institute of American History and to the Stanford Library for financial support which made possible the transcription of the original recordings. We would also like to thank Mrs. Betty Eldon of the Institute of American History who accepted the added burden of paperwork connected with this transcription project with tolerance and good humor. Finally, we acknowledge a particular debt to Professor George Knoles for his unfailing encouragement and support.","Richard Gillam","James D. McRae","Palo Alto","January 1969","Gift of Richard Gillam and KZSU, 1969.","Alabama - Southern Christian Leadership Conference  Demopolis Greensboro Greenville Luverne Marion Midway Montgomery Selma (also the SNCC project located there)","Arkansas - Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee  Little Rock - state headquarters","Georgia - Southern Christian Leadership Conference  Atlanta - Southern headquarters of SCLC \u0026 SNCC Crawfordville Macon","Louisiana - Congress of Racial Equality  Baton Rouge - state headquarters Bogalusa Clinton Ferriday Greensburg Homer Jonesboro Minden Monroe New Orleans project New Roads Plaquemine - evaluation session Shreveport Southern Regional CORE office St. Francisville Tallulah Waveland, Miss. - orientation","Mississippi - Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party  Batesville Beasley Belzoni Biloxi Canton Clarksdale Cleveland Greenville Greenwood Hattiesburg - orientation Holly Springs Indianola Jackson - state headquarters Laurel McComb Mileston Mt. Beulah Natchez Phela Philadelphia Quitman Ruleville Shaw Vicksburg West Point Whites","South Carolina - Southern Christian Leadership Conference  Columbia Orangeburg","Original audiotapes are held in the Stanford Archive of Recorded Sound.","This collection contains transcribed meetings and interviews with Civil Rights workers in the South recorded by several Stanford students affiliated with the campus radio station KZSU during the summer of 1965. The project was sponsored by the Institute of American History at Stanford. The collection includes information relating to black history; interviews of members of the Congress of Racial Equality, the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party, the NAACP, the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, and the Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee; transcripts of formal and informal remarks of persons working with smaller, independent civil rights projects, of local blacks associated with the civil rights movement, and other people, including Ku Klux Klansmen; transcribed action tapes of civil rights workers canvassing voters, conducting freedom schools, or participating in demonstration; speeches by and/or interviews with Ralph David Abernathy, Charles Evers, James Farmer, Martin Luther King, Jr., and Hosea Williams; and a Ku Klux Klan meeting and speech made by Robert Sheldon, its Imperial Wizard.","Property rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections and University Archives.","Department of Special Collections and University Archives","Stanford University. Institute of American History","KZSU (Radio station : Stanford)","Ku Klux Klan (1915- )","Congress of Racial Equality.","Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party.","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)","Southern Christian Leadership Conference.","Klu Klux Klan","Becker, Mary Kay.","Dalrymple, Mark David","Dankert, Roger.","Wells, Judith Lee.","McRae, James Dean.","Gillam, Richard Arthur.","Roise, Jonathan Harold.","Niland, Penelope.","Evers, Charles","Abernathy, Ralph David, 1926-1990","King, Martin Luther, Jr.","Williams, Hosea.","Shelton, Robert M.","McDaniel, Edward L.","Farmer, James.","Abernathy, Ralph","Williams, Hosea","Strickland, Joe E.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC0066"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1965-1976"],"normalized_title_ssm":["KZSU Project South interviews, 1965-1976"],"collection_title_tesim":["KZSU Project South interviews, 1965-1976"],"collection_ssim":["KZSU Project South interviews, 1965-1976"],"repository_ssm":["Stanford University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Stanford University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Becker, Mary Kay.","Dalrymple, Mark David","Dankert, Roger.","Stanford University. Institute of American History","Wells, Judith Lee.","McRae, James Dean.","Gillam, Richard Arthur.","Roise, Jonathan Harold.","Niland, Penelope.","KZSU (Radio station : Stanford)"],"creator_ssim":["Becker, Mary Kay.","Dalrymple, Mark David","Dankert, Roger.","Stanford University. Institute of American History","Wells, Judith Lee.","McRae, James Dean.","Gillam, Richard Arthur.","Roise, Jonathan Harold.","Niland, Penelope.","KZSU (Radio station : Stanford)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Becker, Mary Kay.","Dalrymple, Mark David","Dankert, Roger.","Wells, Judith Lee.","McRae, James Dean.","Gillam, Richard Arthur.","Roise, Jonathan Harold.","Niland, Penelope."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Stanford University. Institute of American History","KZSU (Radio station : Stanford)"],"creators_ssim":["Becker, Mary Kay.","Dalrymple, Mark David","Dankert, Roger.","Wells, Judith Lee.","McRae, James Dean.","Gillam, Richard Arthur.","Roise, Jonathan Harold.","Niland, Penelope.","Stanford University. Institute of American History","KZSU (Radio station : Stanford)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Property rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections and University Archives."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil rights movements -- United States.","African Americans -- Civil rights -- United States.","Civil rights -- United States.","Audiotapes.","Interviews."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil rights movements -- United States.","African Americans -- Civil rights -- United States.","Civil rights -- United States.","Audiotapes.","Interviews."],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["7 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["7 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Audiotapes.","Interviews."],"date_range_isim":[1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials are open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Information about Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The materials are open for research use."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe transcripts and audio recordings have been digitized and are available for online review by clicking on the hyperlinks under each interview.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["The transcripts and audio recordings have been digitized and are available for online review by clicking on the hyperlinks under each interview."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDuring the summer of 1965, eight students from Stanford University spent ten weeks in the southern states tape-recording information on the civil rights movement. The eight interviewers -- Mary Kay Becker, Mark Dalrymple, Roger Dankert, Richard Gillam, James McRae, Penny Niland, Jon Roise, and Julie Wells -- were sponsored by KZSU, Stanford's student radio station, and their original intent was to gather material suitable for rebroadcasting in the form of radio programs. Much attention was focused on white civil rights workers, although a great deal of other documentation relevant to black history was also obtained: the interviewers visited over fifty civil rights projects in six states (see appendix) and secured three hundred and thirty hours of recordings, including over two hundred hours of personal interviews. In addition to interviewing members of various, well-known civil rights groups -- the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party (MFDP), the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC or `Snick') -- the student interviewers also recorded the formal and the informal remarks of those working with smaller, independent civil rights projects, of local blacks associated with the civil rights movement, and of many others including Ku Klux Klansmen and Southerners connected with the Sheriff's Department of Clay County, Mississippi. The interviewers, in addition, spoke with many white volunteers who participated in Snick's `Washington Lobby' (aimed at unseating the all-white Mississippi Congressional Delegation) but who did not actually go south.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeveral of the two-man interview teams recorded parts of the Jackson, Bougalusa, Greensboro, Crawfordsville, and West Point demonstrations, and also gathered various other action tapes of civil rights workers canvassing voters, conducting freedom schools, or participating in demonstrations. Finally, the interviewers recorded many mass meetings and gathered much material on the orientation sessions of MFDP in Hattiesburg, Mississippi and of SCLC in Atlanta, Georgia. All of these original tape recordings are now housed in the Library of Recorded Sound, Stanford, California.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe following pages contain transcripts of the majority of recordings mentioned above. It is hoped that these volumes will rescue from obscurity a body of information which we believe can be of great use both to scholars and to laymen interested in the dramatic history of the civil rights movement during the past decade. This material may prove to be especially valuable because it concerns a transitional period between the first `freedom summer' of 1964, the high tide of civil rights, and the `Meredith March of 1966 during which Stokely Carmichael first voiced the compelling cry of `Black Power'. In fact, at least one essay and a documentary history based on these recordings are already in progress, and it is expected that more will soon follow.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMany of the interviewees are identified by name on the first page of the transcripts which follow. Because of the long time which has already elapsed since the interviews were recorded, however, it is requested that these names not be used in print unless the written consent of the interviewees concerned is first obtained.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn closing, we would like to express our thanks to the Stanford Institute of American History and to the Stanford Library for financial support which made possible the transcription of the original recordings. We would also like to thank Mrs. Betty Eldon of the Institute of American History who accepted the added burden of paperwork connected with this transcription project with tolerance and good humor. Finally, we acknowledge a particular debt to Professor George Knoles for his unfailing encouragement and support.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRichard Gillam\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJames D. McRae\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePalo Alto\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJanuary 1969\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["During the summer of 1965, eight students from Stanford University spent ten weeks in the southern states tape-recording information on the civil rights movement. The eight interviewers -- Mary Kay Becker, Mark Dalrymple, Roger Dankert, Richard Gillam, James McRae, Penny Niland, Jon Roise, and Julie Wells -- were sponsored by KZSU, Stanford's student radio station, and their original intent was to gather material suitable for rebroadcasting in the form of radio programs. Much attention was focused on white civil rights workers, although a great deal of other documentation relevant to black history was also obtained: the interviewers visited over fifty civil rights projects in six states (see appendix) and secured three hundred and thirty hours of recordings, including over two hundred hours of personal interviews. In addition to interviewing members of various, well-known civil rights groups -- the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party (MFDP), the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC or `Snick') -- the student interviewers also recorded the formal and the informal remarks of those working with smaller, independent civil rights projects, of local blacks associated with the civil rights movement, and of many others including Ku Klux Klansmen and Southerners connected with the Sheriff's Department of Clay County, Mississippi. The interviewers, in addition, spoke with many white volunteers who participated in Snick's `Washington Lobby' (aimed at unseating the all-white Mississippi Congressional Delegation) but who did not actually go south.","Several of the two-man interview teams recorded parts of the Jackson, Bougalusa, Greensboro, Crawfordsville, and West Point demonstrations, and also gathered various other action tapes of civil rights workers canvassing voters, conducting freedom schools, or participating in demonstrations. Finally, the interviewers recorded many mass meetings and gathered much material on the orientation sessions of MFDP in Hattiesburg, Mississippi and of SCLC in Atlanta, Georgia. All of these original tape recordings are now housed in the Library of Recorded Sound, Stanford, California.","The following pages contain transcripts of the majority of recordings mentioned above. It is hoped that these volumes will rescue from obscurity a body of information which we believe can be of great use both to scholars and to laymen interested in the dramatic history of the civil rights movement during the past decade. This material may prove to be especially valuable because it concerns a transitional period between the first `freedom summer' of 1964, the high tide of civil rights, and the `Meredith March of 1966 during which Stokely Carmichael first voiced the compelling cry of `Black Power'. In fact, at least one essay and a documentary history based on these recordings are already in progress, and it is expected that more will soon follow.","Many of the interviewees are identified by name on the first page of the transcripts which follow. Because of the long time which has already elapsed since the interviews were recorded, however, it is requested that these names not be used in print unless the written consent of the interviewees concerned is first obtained.","In closing, we would like to express our thanks to the Stanford Institute of American History and to the Stanford Library for financial support which made possible the transcription of the original recordings. We would also like to thank Mrs. Betty Eldon of the Institute of American History who accepted the added burden of paperwork connected with this transcription project with tolerance and good humor. Finally, we acknowledge a particular debt to Professor George Knoles for his unfailing encouragement and support.","Richard Gillam","James D. McRae","Palo Alto","January 1969"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGift of Richard Gillam and KZSU, 1969.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History note"],"custodhist_tesim":["Gift of Richard Gillam and KZSU, 1969."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlabama - Southern Christian Leadership Conference \u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eDemopolis\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGreensboro\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGreenville\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLuverne\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMarion\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMidway\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMontgomery\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSelma (also the SNCC project located there)\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eArkansas - Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee \u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eLittle Rock - state headquarters\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeorgia - Southern Christian Leadership Conference \u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eAtlanta - Southern headquarters of SCLC \u0026amp; SNCC\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCrawfordville\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMacon\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLouisiana - Congress of Racial Equality \u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eBaton Rouge - state headquarters\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBogalusa\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eClinton\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eFerriday\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGreensburg\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHomer\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJonesboro\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMinden\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMonroe\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eNew Orleans project\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eNew Roads\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePlaquemine - evaluation session\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eShreveport\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSouthern Regional CORE office\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSt. Francisville\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eTallulah\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWaveland, Miss. - orientation\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMississippi - Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party \u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eBatesville\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBeasley\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBelzoni\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eBiloxi\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCanton\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eClarksdale\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eCleveland\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGreenville\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eGreenwood\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHattiesburg - orientation\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eHolly Springs\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eIndianola\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eJackson - state headquarters\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eLaurel\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMcComb\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMileston\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eMt. Beulah\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eNatchez\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePhela\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003ePhiladelphia\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eQuitman\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eRuleville\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eShaw\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eVicksburg\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWest Point\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eWhites\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSouth Carolina - Southern Christian Leadership Conference \u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eColumbia\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eOrangeburg\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e \u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Appendix: Projects Visited"],"odd_tesim":["Alabama - Southern Christian Leadership Conference  Demopolis Greensboro Greenville Luverne Marion Midway Montgomery Selma (also the SNCC project located there)","Arkansas - Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee  Little Rock - state headquarters","Georgia - Southern Christian Leadership Conference  Atlanta - Southern headquarters of SCLC \u0026 SNCC Crawfordville Macon","Louisiana - Congress of Racial Equality  Baton Rouge - state headquarters Bogalusa Clinton Ferriday Greensburg Homer Jonesboro Minden Monroe New Orleans project New Roads Plaquemine - evaluation session Shreveport Southern Regional CORE office St. Francisville Tallulah Waveland, Miss. - orientation","Mississippi - Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party  Batesville Beasley Belzoni Biloxi Canton Clarksdale Cleveland Greenville Greenwood Hattiesburg - orientation Holly Springs Indianola Jackson - state headquarters Laurel McComb Mileston Mt. Beulah Natchez Phela Philadelphia Quitman Ruleville Shaw Vicksburg West Point Whites","South Carolina - Southern Christian Leadership Conference  Columbia Orangeburg"],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOriginal audiotapes are held in the Stanford Archive of Recorded Sound.\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Originals"],"originalsloc_tesim":["Original audiotapes are held in the Stanford Archive of Recorded Sound."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eKZSU Project South Interviews (SC0066). Department of Special Collections and University Archives, Stanford University Libraries, Stanford, Calif.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["KZSU Project South Interviews (SC0066). Department of Special Collections and University Archives, Stanford University Libraries, Stanford, Calif."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains transcribed meetings and interviews with Civil Rights workers in the South recorded by several Stanford students affiliated with the campus radio station KZSU during the summer of 1965. The project was sponsored by the Institute of American History at Stanford. The collection includes information relating to black history; interviews of members of the Congress of Racial Equality, the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party, the NAACP, the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, and the Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee; transcripts of formal and informal remarks of persons working with smaller, independent civil rights projects, of local blacks associated with the civil rights movement, and other people, including Ku Klux Klansmen; transcribed action tapes of civil rights workers canvassing voters, conducting freedom schools, or participating in demonstration; speeches by and/or interviews with Ralph David Abernathy, Charles Evers, James Farmer, Martin Luther King, Jr., and Hosea Williams; and a Ku Klux Klan meeting and speech made by Robert Sheldon, its Imperial Wizard.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains transcribed meetings and interviews with Civil Rights workers in the South recorded by several Stanford students affiliated with the campus radio station KZSU during the summer of 1965. The project was sponsored by the Institute of American History at Stanford. The collection includes information relating to black history; interviews of members of the Congress of Racial Equality, the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party, the NAACP, the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, and the Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee; transcripts of formal and informal remarks of persons working with smaller, independent civil rights projects, of local blacks associated with the civil rights movement, and other people, including Ku Klux Klansmen; transcribed action tapes of civil rights workers canvassing voters, conducting freedom schools, or participating in demonstration; speeches by and/or interviews with Ralph David Abernathy, Charles Evers, James Farmer, Martin Luther King, Jr., and Hosea Williams; and a Ku Klux Klan meeting and speech made by Robert Sheldon, its Imperial Wizard."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProperty rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections and University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Ownership \u0026 Copyright"],"userestrict_tesim":["Property rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections and University Archives."],"names_coll_ssim":["Ku Klux Klan (1915- )","KZSU (Radio station : Stanford)","Congress of Racial Equality.","Stanford University. Institute of American History","Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party.","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)","KZSU (Radio station : Stanford)","Southern Christian Leadership Conference.","Evers, Charles","Abernathy, Ralph David, 1926-1990","Becker, Mary Kay.","King, Martin Luther, Jr.","Dalrymple, Mark David","Dankert, Roger.","Williams, Hosea.","Shelton, Robert M.","Wells, Judith Lee.","McDaniel, Edward L.","McRae, James Dean.","Farmer, James.","Gillam, Richard Arthur.","Roise, Jonathan Harold.","Niland, Penelope."],"names_ssim":["Department of Special Collections and University Archives","Stanford University. Institute of American History","KZSU (Radio station : Stanford)","Ku Klux Klan (1915- )","Congress of Racial Equality.","Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party.","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)","Southern Christian Leadership Conference.","Klu Klux Klan","Becker, Mary Kay.","Dalrymple, Mark David","Dankert, Roger.","Wells, Judith Lee.","McRae, James Dean.","Gillam, Richard Arthur.","Roise, Jonathan Harold.","Niland, Penelope.","Evers, Charles","Abernathy, Ralph David, 1926-1990","King, Martin Luther, Jr.","Williams, Hosea.","Shelton, Robert M.","McDaniel, Edward L.","Farmer, James.","Abernathy, Ralph","Williams, Hosea","Strickland, Joe E."],"corpname_ssim":["Department of Special Collections and University Archives","Stanford University. Institute of American History","KZSU (Radio station : Stanford)","Ku Klux Klan (1915- )","Congress of Racial Equality.","Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party.","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)","Southern Christian Leadership Conference.","Klu Klux Klan"],"persname_ssim":["Becker, Mary Kay.","Dalrymple, Mark David","Dankert, Roger.","Wells, Judith Lee.","McRae, James Dean.","Gillam, Richard Arthur.","Roise, Jonathan Harold.","Niland, Penelope.","Evers, Charles","Abernathy, Ralph David, 1926-1990","King, Martin Luther, Jr.","Williams, Hosea.","Shelton, Robert M.","McDaniel, Edward L.","Farmer, James.","Abernathy, Ralph","Williams, Hosea","Strickland, Joe E."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":259,"online_item_count_is":741,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"sc0066-xml","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:10:35.038Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/sc0066-xml_aspace_ref263_5bm"}},{"id":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_bb8d0af062daf948a2d720efedcc0e8481106a2e","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"58. [City Treasurer pay car]","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_bb8d0af062daf948a2d720efedcc0e8481106a2e#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"al_bb8d0af062daf948a2d720efedcc0e8481106a2e","ref_ssm":["al_bb8d0af062daf948a2d720efedcc0e8481106a2e","al_bb8d0af062daf948a2d720efedcc0e8481106a2e"],"id":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_bb8d0af062daf948a2d720efedcc0e8481106a2e","title_filing_ssi":"58. [City Treasurer pay car]","title_ssm":["58. [City Treasurer pay car]"],"title_tesim":["58. [City Treasurer pay car]"],"normalized_title_ssm":["58. [City Treasurer pay car]"],"text":["58. [City Treasurer pay car]","David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","David V. Tinder collection of Michigan photography, County File, Wayne County, Box 3"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ssim":["umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","al_a1b85d5af6cea949749e7332d58fa46d61e38acd"],"parent_ssi":"al_a1b85d5af6cea949749e7332d58fa46d61e38acd","parent_ids_ssim":["umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_a1b85d5af6cea949749e7332d58fa46d61e38acd"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","David V. Tinder collection of Michigan photography, County File, Wayne County, Box 3"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","David V. Tinder collection of Michigan photography, County File, Wayne County, Box 3"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. William L. Clements Library"],"collection_ssim":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985"],"extent_ssm":["1 photograph"],"extent_tesim":["1 photograph"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":62,"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#3","_nest_parent_":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_a1b85d5af6cea949749e7332d58fa46d61e38acd","_root_":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:25:22.393Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","title_ssm":["  David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","Tinder, David V., Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County"],"title_tesim":["  David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","Tinder, David V., Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County"],"ead_ssi":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["wclgrfx000200"],"text":["wclgrfx000200","David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography.","Photographs shelf.","Actors--Michigan--1900-1910.","Actresses--Michigan--1890-1910.","African American businesspeople--Michigan.","African American children--Portraits--Michigan.","African American choirs--Michigan.","African American churches--Michigan.","African American freemasons--Michigan.","African American judges--Michigan.","African American musicians--Michigan.","African Americans--Societies, etc.--Michigan.","African American students--Michigan.","African American Sunday schools--Michigan.","Agricultural laborers--Michigan.","Airports--Michigan.","Aircraft--Michigan--1930-1940.","Aircraft industry--Michigan.","Air shows--Michigan.","Amateur theater--Michigan.","Amusement parks--Michigan.","Animals on television--Michigan.","Asbestos--Michigan.","Automobile factories--Michigan.","Automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Automobile rallies--Michigan.","Automobiles--Michigan.","Automobiles--Design and construction--Michigan.","Balls (Parties)--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bands (Music)--Michigan.","Banquets--Michigan--1920-1930.","Barbers--Michigan.","Barbershops--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bar mitzvah--Michigan.","Bars (Drinking establishments)--Michigan.","Baseball players--Michigan.","Basketball courts--Michigan.","Basketball players--Michigan.","Beauty shops--Michigan.","Beekeepers--Michigan.","Bicycles \u0026 tricycles--Michigan--1890-1930.","Bicycle stores--Michigan.","Blacksmiths--Michigan.","Blizzards--Michigan.","Boats and boating--Michigan.","Boycotts--Michigan.","Breweries--Michigan.","Breweries--Employees--Michigan.","Brick trade--Michigan.","Bridges--Michigan--Detroit.","Broom and brush industry--Michigan.","Building construction--Michigan--1910-1930.","Buses--Michigan--1930-1940.","Business organizations--Michigan.","Business Schools--Michigan.","Button industry--Michigan.","Cafeterias--Michigan.","Camping--Michigan.","Canoes and canoeing--Michigan.","Carts \u0026 wagons--Michigan--1890-1910","Casinos--Michigan.","Catholic schools--Michigan.","Cemeteries--Michigan.","Chauffeurs--Michigan.","Chemical industry--Michigan.","Children's costumes--Michigan.","Children's parties--Michigan--1890-1900.","Children--Michigan--Portraits.","Children's choirs--Michigan.","Church buildings--Michigan.","Cigar industry--Michigan.","Circus animals--Michigan.","Circus performers--Michigan.","City councils--Michigan--Hamtramck (Mich.)","City halls--Michigan.","Commercial photography--Michigan.","Concert programs--Michigan.","Confirmation--Catholic Church--Michigan.","Construction workers--Michigan.","Coopers and Cooperage--Michigan.","Couples--Michigan--Portraits.","Creameries--Michigan.","Cross-country runners--Michigan.","Curling--Michigan.","Dairying--Michigan.","Delivery of goods--Michigan.","Diving--Michigan--1890-1900.","Docks--Michigan.","Dredges--Michigan.","Drugstores--Michigan.","Dwellings--Michigan.","Engines--Michigan.","Entertainers--Michigan--1900-1910.","Ethnic costume--Romania.","Ethnic groups--Michigan.","Exhibitions--Michigan--1880-1890.","Explosions--Michigan.","Factories--Employees--Michigan.","Factories--Michigan.","Families--Michigan--Portraits.","Fire fighters--Michigan.","Florists--Michigan.","Flour mills--Michigan.","Flower arrangements--Michigan--1920-1940.","Football players--Michigan--1900-1910.","Fraternal organizations--Michigan","Funeral rites \u0026 ceremonies--Michigan--1910-1930","Gardens--Michigan--1900-1910.","Gas power plants--Michigan.","Graduation (School)","Grocery trade--Michigan.","Hardware stores--Michigan.","Hat trade--Michigan.","High school students--Michigan.","Horse-drawn rail cars--Michigan.","Horse racing--Michigan--1920-1930","Hospitals--Michigan--Detroit.","Hotels--Michigan--1870-1890.","Ice industry--Michigan.","Insurance companies--Michigan.","Inventors--Michigan","Jazz musicians--Michigan","Kitchen utensils--Michigan.","Laboratories--Michigan.","Lakes--Michigan.","Libraries--Michigan--Detroit.","Lighthouses--Michigan.","Locomotives--Michigan.","Luggage industry--Michigan.","Mausoleums--Michigan.","Mechanical musical instruments--Michigan.","Men--Michigan--Portraits.","Men--Societies  and clubs--Michigan.","Metalworking industries--Michigan.","Military bands--Michigan.","Motion pictures--Michigan--1930-1940.","Motorboat racing--Michigan.","Music stores--Michigan.","Musicians--Michigan.","Nightclubs--Michigan.","Nursing schools--Michigan.","Occupational training--Michigan.","Offices--Michigan--1910-1930.","Old age homes--Michigan.","Opticians--Michigan.","Paddle steamers--Michigan.","Parade floats--Michigan.","Parades--Michigan.","Parks--Michigan--Detroit.","Photography--Societies, etc--Michigan.","Picnics--Michigan.","Playgrounds--Michigan.","Police--Michigan--Detroit.","Police stations--Michigan.","Political parades \u0026 rallies--Michigan--1900-1920.","Portraits, group--Michigan.","Postmortem photography--Michigan.","Power-plants--Design and construction--Michigan.","Priests--Michigan.","Prisons--Michigan.","Public architecture--Michigan.","Radio broadcasting--Michigan.","Railroad stations--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Design and construction--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Michigan.","Railroads--Employees--Michigan.","Railroads--Michigan.","Residential architecture--Michigan.","Restaurants--Michigan--1920-1930.","Sailors--Michigan.","School children--Michigan.","School buildings--Michigan.","School plays--Michigan.","School yearbooks--Michigan.","Ships--Launching--Michigan.","Ships--Michigan.","Shoes--Repairing--Michigan.","Skyscrapers--Michigan--Detroit.","Soccer players--Michigan--1920-1930","Soldiers--Michigan.","Souvenirs (Keepsakes)--Michigan.","Spanish-American War, 1898--Veterans--Michigan.","Stables--Michigan.","Steamboats--Michigan.","Steel foundries--Michigan.","Stove industry and trade--Michigan.","Street lighting--Michigan.","Street-railroads--Michigan.","Streets--Michigan.","Strikes and lockouts--Automobile industry--Michigan.","String bands--Michigan.","Storefronts--Michigan.","Teeth--Radiography--Michigan.","Television programs--Michigan.","Theaters--Michigan--1910-1920.","Threshing machines--Michigan--1900-1910.","Tour buses--Michigan.","Traffic signs \u0026 signals---Michigan--1930-1950","Train ferries--Michigan.","Trucks--Michigan--1920-1940.","Variety stores--Michigan.","Vocational education--Michigan.","Water mills--Michigan.","Water towers--Michigan.","Waterworks--Michigan.","Weddings--Michigan.","Women automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Women field hockey players--Michigan.","Women figure skaters--Michigan.","Women--Employment--Michigan--1910-1940.","Women--Michigan--Portraits.","Women--Societies and clubs--Michigan.","World War 1914-1918--Michigan.","Clippings.","Cyanotypes.","Documents.","Ephemera.","Pamphlets.","Photocopies.","Photographic prints.","Photomechanical prints.","Postage stamps.","The city of Detroit and its vast metropolitan area has dominated the Wayne County area for centuries. Detroit was founded in 1701 as a French settlement with access to the Great Lakes and Canada and quickly became a strategic military post and trade center. It transferred to British control in 1760 during the Seven Years War and to United States governance in 1796. It became a chartered city in 1802, the capitol of the Michigan Territory in 1805, and Michigan’s first State Capital from 1837 to 1847. The city grew with an economy based largely on agriculture and trade in the early 19th century, becoming one of the nation’s prime manufacturing and cultural centers after the Civil War. Large industries based in the region included railroad equipment manufacturing, ship building, iron and steel production, stoves, pharmaceuticals, brewing, wagon making, and many others.","The industrial strength of Detroit created a large middle-class society as well as vast wealth. In turn, this affluence supported cultural advancement, education, and the arts. Commercial photography studios thrived in this environment. Many prize-winning portrait photographers were based in Detroit, as were those specializing in architecture, and the documentation of industry and commerce.","The diversity of industry of late 19th century Detroit gave way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. The boom in wartime production during World War Two attracted workers from around the country and shifted the racial demographics of the city.","The collapse of manufacturing industries, the disappearance of public transportation, and massive population shifts to the suburbs were factors in the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century.","Included in the Wayne County file of the David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography are images of urban Detroit, people in their places of work, at home, at leisure, and participating in social activities and in fraternal and religious organizations. Numerous images show industrial manufacturing, urban transportation, and civic infrastructure. Activities related to entertainment, sports, parades, and the arts are well represented. The many portraits photographs include formal posed images, casual snapshots, workplace groups and fraternal organizations.","A vast majority of the photographs are the work of commercial photographers, with some amateurs. A significant number of photos were taken by Detroit News and Detroit Free Press photographers. Almost all the images present would be considered vernacular photos rather than fine art; however, many are carefully composed with strong aesthetic characteristics.","Although the photos have been largely sorted by subject, related materials may be present outside of the subject categories, i.e., images of transportation can also be found in the categories Architecture, Business and Commerce, Group Portraits, and in other sections outside of Transportation.","The bulk of the photos in this collection were taken in Detroit during the era of rapid population growth and industrial development around the turn of the century. The diversity of industry that appears in the late 19th century images can be seen giving way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. Evidence of the rich residential lifestyles and multi-ethnic cultures of the Detroit area appear in many images.","At the fringe of the collection’s scope are images of the demolition of factories, the disappearance of public transportation, and racial unrest during the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century.","It should be noted that while most of the collection are mounted and unmounted photographic prints, there are a few bound items as well as printed ephemera.","The collection has been organized into various categories by subject. The first group of photos is comprised of those that did not fit neatly under other categories. These include views of military encampments, disasters and firefighting, civic unrest, commercial product promotions, and other miscellaneous topics. Of particular note is a charming outdoor children’s party scene by amateur photographer Robert R. Oesterreich (no. 9); a double portrait montage by Tony Spina of John F. Kennedy and Robert F. Kennedy, both speaking at Campus Martius (no. 14); the high quality photomechanical prints of Detroit scenes and architecture in the  Detroit Illustrated.  (no. 16); and a collection of 28 miscellaneous nightclub souvenir photographs dating from the 1940s-1980s (no. 20). The rest of the material falls under the following categories:","Transportation: 243 photographs. Material is divided between the following sub-categories: Automobiles and Trucks (56 photographs), Aircraft (18 photographs), Railroads and Trains (58 photographs), Streetcars and Trolleys (20 photographs), Roads and Infrastructure (33 photographs), Wagons (20 photographs), Maritime (38 photographs).","Of note are a photograph of an African American couple posed with a new V-8 Ford (no. 71.3); construction photos of the Detroit River railroad tunnel (no. 95); Goebel’s Brewing Co. delivery wagons (no. 98); and a view of the steamboat  Tashmoo  at speed on the Detroit River (no. 110).","Performers: 107 photographs, most of which (113 photographs) are contained in the sub-category Music and Musicians. Of particular note are numerous photos of community brass bands, a photo of John Philip Sousa and his band at Grand Circus Park (no. 122); an image of the inventor Charles Crawford and his patented \"Pickaphone\" mechanism for playing stringed instruments, ca. 1888 (no. 123); and copy prints of two important early jazz bands, Finney’s Orchestra (no. 131) and McKinney’s Cotton Pickers (no. 132).","Portraits: 505 photographs. Material is divided into the following sub-categories: Individuals (172 photographs), Groups (133 photographs), Children (97 photographs), Weddings (64 photographs), Confirmation and Communion (41 photographs). Of particular interest are a photograph of Joan Baxter and her Hot Dog Cooker (no. 137); three 1860's portraits of members of the Hawley family of Detroit (no. 141), one of which is inscribed with enlargement instructions ca.1901 on its verso; and a portrait of politician and founder of the Republican Party Zachariah Chandler, taken by Benjamin Powelson ca. 1880 (no. 142).","Of the many notable images within the Groups category are an outstanding image of sixteen Packard Motor Car Company employees piled onto a 1911 Packard in front of the then new Packard factory on West Grand Blvd. (no. 144.9); a group of African American women engaged in a ceremonial burning of the mortgage of the Phyllis Wheatley Home for Aged Colored Ladies (no. 162); and a portrait of members of the Direct Credits Society, a Great Depression-era wealth redistribution movement founded by Alfred Lawson (no. 166).","Parades: 54 photographs. Many scenes of massive parades in Detroit. Of note is a series of photographs of women marching in a racially-integrated United Spanish War Veterans Parade, ca.1940 (no. 179); and a view of five young women in a florally decorated early automobile (no. 180.11).","Business \u0026 Commerce: 319 photographs. Where possible, material has been divided into the following sub-categories: Business Exteriors (52 photographs), Business Interiors (125 photographs), Construction (22 photographs), Ford Motor Company (19 photographs). Of note is an image of a group of brewers tapping a keg at the Marx Brewing Co. (no. 186.1); Candler Dock \u0026 Dredge Co. workers and surveyors building a dock, taken by the Manning Bros. ca 1920s (no. 192); women rolling cigars at the R.G. Dunn factory, 1909 (no. 204); workers fabricating automobile bodies at the Briggs Manufacturing Co. ca. 1910s (no. 206);interior view of the Burroughs Adding Machine factory (no 209.11); the Penobscot Building construction in three stages ca 1928 (no. 217); and two fold-out panoramic photos of the Ford complex at River Rouge taken by Otto Rotch in 1925 (no. 218).","Views: 86 photographs. Material is divided into Street Views (28 photographs), Residential Views (51 photographs), and Aerial Views (7 photographs).","Architecture: 69 photographs. Of particular note is a charming view of a small inn at Springwells, Mich., the International Exposition House ca. 1889 (no. 235); an 1870's print of the large Russell House Hotel in Detroit (no. 238); and a panoramic view of downtown Detroit at its peak, taken by the Murray Studio in the 1920s (no. 240.18).","Labor \u0026 Unemployment: 8 photographs primarily focused on unemployment during the Great Depression. Of note is a group photo of the striking Journeyman Bakers International Union in 1902 (no. 248).","Athletes \u0026 Athletics: 58 photographs. Of particular note are a copy-print of a 1910 Detroit Tigers team photo featuring Hall of Famer Ty Cobb (no. 261); a series of 3 group photographs of an early soccer team, Michigan Alkali F.C. in 1923 (no. 265); Wyandotte baseball teams (no. 266);. The Slocum’s Island baseball champions of 1882 (no. 272.4); and a 1943 curling team (no. 273).","Classrooms \u0026 Schools: 38 photographs. Of particular interest are a student group in front of a one-room schoolhouse at Cherry Hill in 1934 (no. 280.11); a kindergarten band at Clippert School taken by the Manning Bros. (no. 280.20); and a ca.1936 Lincoln Park High School album with personal snapshots and autographs of classmates (no. 279).","Places of Worship \u0026 Religious Activities: 43 photographs. One of several images related to African American church congregations shows members of an A.M.E. church dressed in \"traditional\" African garb ca.1920-1930 (no. 284).","Parks: 112 photographs. Of particular focus is Belle Isle (approx. 50 photographs) and Waterworks Park. A series of Belle Isle views taken in 1889 by Holcombe \u0026 Metzen is particularly picturesque (no. 297.1-9).","Funerals \u0026 Postmortem Photography: 14 photographs. These photographs date from the 1910s-1930s and are mostly photographs of open caskets surrounded by the deceased's family.","The collection contains photographs of Wayne County, Michigan. Included are numerous urban scenes and images of everyday life, primarily in the Metropolitan Detroit area between 1860 and the mid-20th century. The bulk of the photographs were taken between 1890 and 1930. A very wide range of topics is represented, among them commercial and residential architecture, urban infrastructure, public and private spaces, civic and domestic activities, individual and group portraits, and events from across the social spectrum.","William L. Clements Library , University of Michigan","American Red Cross.","Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine for North America.","BASF Wyandotte Corporation.","Cartercar Co.","Catholic Church--Clergy--Michigan.","Detroit College of Medicine.","Detroit Institute of Arts.","Detroit Museum of Art.","Detroit Opera House.","Detroit Red Wings (Hockey team)","Detroit Symphony Orchestra.","Detroit, Toledo and Ironton Railroad.","Dodge Brothers.","Ford Motor Company.","Ford Motor Company--Employees.","Ford Motor Company. Rouge River Plant.","Ford Rotunda (Dearborn, Mich.)","General Motors Corporation.","Henry Ford Museum and Greenfield Village.","Hudson's (Department store)","International Union, United Automobile Workers of America (CIO)","Journeymen Bakers National Union of the United States.","Knights of Pythias.","Knights Templar (Masonic order)","Michigan Central Railroad Company.","Michigan. National Guard.","Michigan Stove Company.","Tiger Stadium (Detroit, Mich.)","United States. Army--Recruiting, enlistment, etc.--Michigan.","United States. Army. Reserve Officers' Training Corps.","YMCA of the USA.","Young Women's Christian Association.","Agdan Photographic.","Alliance Commercial Photo Co.","Alvord \u0026 Co.","American Commercial Photo Co.","Arthur Studio.","Babas Studio.","Baker Art Studio.","Baker Studio.","Ballaun Studio.","Bonish Studio.","Brown \u0026 Co.","Charles Hopp \u0026 Co.","Club Photos Inc.","Commercial Photo Service Co.","Cousins Art Studio.","Davison Photo Studio.","Deluxe Theatrical Studio.","Detroit Edison Co.","Detroit News Staff.","Fotografia Italiana (G. Lanni \u0026 Co.)","General Motors Photographic Section.","Harbican Studio.","Hoffman Studio.","Holcombe \u0026 Metzen.","Holgate Studio.","Huntington \u0026 Clark.","Litynski-Jakubowski Co.","MacGregor and Company.","Manning Bros.","Metropolitan Art Studio.","Modernistic Photo Studio.","New Chene Studio.","P. Pieronek Studio.","Rembrandt Studios.","Rentschler's Studio.","Smart Set Studio.","Smith Brothers Commerical Photographers.","Spencer \u0026 Wyckoff.","Spooner \u0026 Wells, Inc.","Tiffany Photographic Studio.","Ziawinski Bros.","Tinder, David V.","Grant, Ulysses S. (Ulysses Simpson), 1822-1885--Homes and haunts.","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963.","Kennedy, Robert F., 1925-1968.","Robeson, Paul, 1898-1976.","Sousa, John Philip, 1854-1932.","Arthur, Edward J.","Baker, Chas. R.","Ball, Lyman L.","Baron, Herman.","Blanchard, Issac H.","Bleibel, Gustav.","Bowles, Esther A., Mrs.","Burose, Herman.","Cheff, Edmund Archael.","Craine, Benjamin H.","Hayes, Clarence Messenger.","Hediger, James D.","Hillmer, Davis B.","Hoffman, Clarence L.","Howie, George William.","Hughes, John Wesley.","Jackson, Harvey C.","James, Langford P.","Jones, J. F.","Lazarnick, Nathan.","Litynski, Walter E.","Mazur, Anthony","McMichael, A.G.","Merz, Charles J.","Mirecki, Albert J.","Phelps, C.A. (New Castle, IN)","Pipp, Frank H.","Poli, Faustino G.","Pollard, C.H.","Rentschler, Andrew.","Rochowiak, Stanley A.","Rotch, Otto.","Salter, Al.","Sowinski, Joseph.","Spellman, Delmar Driscoe.","Stone, Frank H.","Tomlinson, Frank N.","Wiederhold, John A.","Wright, Fred G.","Ziawinski, Felix.","Ziawinski, Joseph.","The material is in  English ."],"unitid_tesim":["wclgrfx000200"],"normalized_title_ssm":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985"],"collection_title_tesim":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985"],"collection_ssim":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985"],"repository_ssm":["University of Michigan. William L. Clements Library"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. William L. Clements Library"],"creator_ssm":["Tinder, David V."],"creator_ssim":["Tinder, David V."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Tinder, David V."],"creators_ssim":["Tinder, David V."],"acqinfo_ssim":["F-832, F-860, F-861, F-891, F-892, F-893, F-898, F-909, F-911, F-914, F-922, F-938, F-940, F-945, F-961, F-980, F-987, F-1004, F-1005, F-1014,  F-1017, F-1027, F-1028, F-1033, F-1054, F-1066, F-1067, F-1074, F-1076, F-1077, F-1113, F-1114 ."],"access_subjects_ssim":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography.","Photographs shelf.","Actors--Michigan--1900-1910.","Actresses--Michigan--1890-1910.","African American businesspeople--Michigan.","African American children--Portraits--Michigan.","African American choirs--Michigan.","African American churches--Michigan.","African American freemasons--Michigan.","African American judges--Michigan.","African American musicians--Michigan.","African Americans--Societies, etc.--Michigan.","African American students--Michigan.","African American Sunday schools--Michigan.","Agricultural laborers--Michigan.","Airports--Michigan.","Aircraft--Michigan--1930-1940.","Aircraft industry--Michigan.","Air shows--Michigan.","Amateur theater--Michigan.","Amusement parks--Michigan.","Animals on television--Michigan.","Asbestos--Michigan.","Automobile factories--Michigan.","Automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Automobile rallies--Michigan.","Automobiles--Michigan.","Automobiles--Design and construction--Michigan.","Balls (Parties)--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bands (Music)--Michigan.","Banquets--Michigan--1920-1930.","Barbers--Michigan.","Barbershops--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bar mitzvah--Michigan.","Bars (Drinking establishments)--Michigan.","Baseball players--Michigan.","Basketball courts--Michigan.","Basketball players--Michigan.","Beauty shops--Michigan.","Beekeepers--Michigan.","Bicycles \u0026 tricycles--Michigan--1890-1930.","Bicycle stores--Michigan.","Blacksmiths--Michigan.","Blizzards--Michigan.","Boats and boating--Michigan.","Boycotts--Michigan.","Breweries--Michigan.","Breweries--Employees--Michigan.","Brick trade--Michigan.","Bridges--Michigan--Detroit.","Broom and brush industry--Michigan.","Building construction--Michigan--1910-1930.","Buses--Michigan--1930-1940.","Business organizations--Michigan.","Business Schools--Michigan.","Button industry--Michigan.","Cafeterias--Michigan.","Camping--Michigan.","Canoes and canoeing--Michigan.","Carts \u0026 wagons--Michigan--1890-1910","Casinos--Michigan.","Catholic schools--Michigan.","Cemeteries--Michigan.","Chauffeurs--Michigan.","Chemical industry--Michigan.","Children's costumes--Michigan.","Children's parties--Michigan--1890-1900.","Children--Michigan--Portraits.","Children's choirs--Michigan.","Church buildings--Michigan.","Cigar industry--Michigan.","Circus animals--Michigan.","Circus performers--Michigan.","City councils--Michigan--Hamtramck (Mich.)","City halls--Michigan.","Commercial photography--Michigan.","Concert programs--Michigan.","Confirmation--Catholic Church--Michigan.","Construction workers--Michigan.","Coopers and Cooperage--Michigan.","Couples--Michigan--Portraits.","Creameries--Michigan.","Cross-country runners--Michigan.","Curling--Michigan.","Dairying--Michigan.","Delivery of goods--Michigan.","Diving--Michigan--1890-1900.","Docks--Michigan.","Dredges--Michigan.","Drugstores--Michigan.","Dwellings--Michigan.","Engines--Michigan.","Entertainers--Michigan--1900-1910.","Ethnic costume--Romania.","Ethnic groups--Michigan.","Exhibitions--Michigan--1880-1890.","Explosions--Michigan.","Factories--Employees--Michigan.","Factories--Michigan.","Families--Michigan--Portraits.","Fire fighters--Michigan.","Florists--Michigan.","Flour mills--Michigan.","Flower arrangements--Michigan--1920-1940.","Football players--Michigan--1900-1910.","Fraternal organizations--Michigan","Funeral rites \u0026 ceremonies--Michigan--1910-1930","Gardens--Michigan--1900-1910.","Gas power plants--Michigan.","Graduation (School)","Grocery trade--Michigan.","Hardware stores--Michigan.","Hat trade--Michigan.","High school students--Michigan.","Horse-drawn rail cars--Michigan.","Horse racing--Michigan--1920-1930","Hospitals--Michigan--Detroit.","Hotels--Michigan--1870-1890.","Ice industry--Michigan.","Insurance companies--Michigan.","Inventors--Michigan","Jazz musicians--Michigan","Kitchen utensils--Michigan.","Laboratories--Michigan.","Lakes--Michigan.","Libraries--Michigan--Detroit.","Lighthouses--Michigan.","Locomotives--Michigan.","Luggage industry--Michigan.","Mausoleums--Michigan.","Mechanical musical instruments--Michigan.","Men--Michigan--Portraits.","Men--Societies  and clubs--Michigan.","Metalworking industries--Michigan.","Military bands--Michigan.","Motion pictures--Michigan--1930-1940.","Motorboat racing--Michigan.","Music stores--Michigan.","Musicians--Michigan.","Nightclubs--Michigan.","Nursing schools--Michigan.","Occupational training--Michigan.","Offices--Michigan--1910-1930.","Old age homes--Michigan.","Opticians--Michigan.","Paddle steamers--Michigan.","Parade floats--Michigan.","Parades--Michigan.","Parks--Michigan--Detroit.","Photography--Societies, etc--Michigan.","Picnics--Michigan.","Playgrounds--Michigan.","Police--Michigan--Detroit.","Police stations--Michigan.","Political parades \u0026 rallies--Michigan--1900-1920.","Portraits, group--Michigan.","Postmortem photography--Michigan.","Power-plants--Design and construction--Michigan.","Priests--Michigan.","Prisons--Michigan.","Public architecture--Michigan.","Radio broadcasting--Michigan.","Railroad stations--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Design and construction--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Michigan.","Railroads--Employees--Michigan.","Railroads--Michigan.","Residential architecture--Michigan.","Restaurants--Michigan--1920-1930.","Sailors--Michigan.","School children--Michigan.","School buildings--Michigan.","School plays--Michigan.","School yearbooks--Michigan.","Ships--Launching--Michigan.","Ships--Michigan.","Shoes--Repairing--Michigan.","Skyscrapers--Michigan--Detroit.","Soccer players--Michigan--1920-1930","Soldiers--Michigan.","Souvenirs (Keepsakes)--Michigan.","Spanish-American War, 1898--Veterans--Michigan.","Stables--Michigan.","Steamboats--Michigan.","Steel foundries--Michigan.","Stove industry and trade--Michigan.","Street lighting--Michigan.","Street-railroads--Michigan.","Streets--Michigan.","Strikes and lockouts--Automobile industry--Michigan.","String bands--Michigan.","Storefronts--Michigan.","Teeth--Radiography--Michigan.","Television programs--Michigan.","Theaters--Michigan--1910-1920.","Threshing machines--Michigan--1900-1910.","Tour buses--Michigan.","Traffic signs \u0026 signals---Michigan--1930-1950","Train ferries--Michigan.","Trucks--Michigan--1920-1940.","Variety stores--Michigan.","Vocational education--Michigan.","Water mills--Michigan.","Water towers--Michigan.","Waterworks--Michigan.","Weddings--Michigan.","Women automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Women field hockey players--Michigan.","Women figure skaters--Michigan.","Women--Employment--Michigan--1910-1940.","Women--Michigan--Portraits.","Women--Societies and clubs--Michigan.","World War 1914-1918--Michigan.","Clippings.","Cyanotypes.","Documents.","Ephemera.","Pamphlets.","Photocopies.","Photographic prints.","Photomechanical prints.","Postage stamps."],"access_subjects_ssm":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography.","Photographs shelf.","Actors--Michigan--1900-1910.","Actresses--Michigan--1890-1910.","African American businesspeople--Michigan.","African American children--Portraits--Michigan.","African American choirs--Michigan.","African American churches--Michigan.","African American freemasons--Michigan.","African American judges--Michigan.","African American musicians--Michigan.","African Americans--Societies, etc.--Michigan.","African American students--Michigan.","African American Sunday schools--Michigan.","Agricultural laborers--Michigan.","Airports--Michigan.","Aircraft--Michigan--1930-1940.","Aircraft industry--Michigan.","Air shows--Michigan.","Amateur theater--Michigan.","Amusement parks--Michigan.","Animals on television--Michigan.","Asbestos--Michigan.","Automobile factories--Michigan.","Automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Automobile rallies--Michigan.","Automobiles--Michigan.","Automobiles--Design and construction--Michigan.","Balls (Parties)--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bands (Music)--Michigan.","Banquets--Michigan--1920-1930.","Barbers--Michigan.","Barbershops--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bar mitzvah--Michigan.","Bars (Drinking establishments)--Michigan.","Baseball players--Michigan.","Basketball courts--Michigan.","Basketball players--Michigan.","Beauty shops--Michigan.","Beekeepers--Michigan.","Bicycles \u0026 tricycles--Michigan--1890-1930.","Bicycle stores--Michigan.","Blacksmiths--Michigan.","Blizzards--Michigan.","Boats and boating--Michigan.","Boycotts--Michigan.","Breweries--Michigan.","Breweries--Employees--Michigan.","Brick trade--Michigan.","Bridges--Michigan--Detroit.","Broom and brush industry--Michigan.","Building construction--Michigan--1910-1930.","Buses--Michigan--1930-1940.","Business organizations--Michigan.","Business Schools--Michigan.","Button industry--Michigan.","Cafeterias--Michigan.","Camping--Michigan.","Canoes and canoeing--Michigan.","Carts \u0026 wagons--Michigan--1890-1910","Casinos--Michigan.","Catholic schools--Michigan.","Cemeteries--Michigan.","Chauffeurs--Michigan.","Chemical industry--Michigan.","Children's costumes--Michigan.","Children's parties--Michigan--1890-1900.","Children--Michigan--Portraits.","Children's choirs--Michigan.","Church buildings--Michigan.","Cigar industry--Michigan.","Circus animals--Michigan.","Circus performers--Michigan.","City councils--Michigan--Hamtramck (Mich.)","City halls--Michigan.","Commercial photography--Michigan.","Concert programs--Michigan.","Confirmation--Catholic Church--Michigan.","Construction workers--Michigan.","Coopers and Cooperage--Michigan.","Couples--Michigan--Portraits.","Creameries--Michigan.","Cross-country runners--Michigan.","Curling--Michigan.","Dairying--Michigan.","Delivery of goods--Michigan.","Diving--Michigan--1890-1900.","Docks--Michigan.","Dredges--Michigan.","Drugstores--Michigan.","Dwellings--Michigan.","Engines--Michigan.","Entertainers--Michigan--1900-1910.","Ethnic costume--Romania.","Ethnic groups--Michigan.","Exhibitions--Michigan--1880-1890.","Explosions--Michigan.","Factories--Employees--Michigan.","Factories--Michigan.","Families--Michigan--Portraits.","Fire fighters--Michigan.","Florists--Michigan.","Flour mills--Michigan.","Flower arrangements--Michigan--1920-1940.","Football players--Michigan--1900-1910.","Fraternal organizations--Michigan","Funeral rites \u0026 ceremonies--Michigan--1910-1930","Gardens--Michigan--1900-1910.","Gas power plants--Michigan.","Graduation (School)","Grocery trade--Michigan.","Hardware stores--Michigan.","Hat trade--Michigan.","High school students--Michigan.","Horse-drawn rail cars--Michigan.","Horse racing--Michigan--1920-1930","Hospitals--Michigan--Detroit.","Hotels--Michigan--1870-1890.","Ice industry--Michigan.","Insurance companies--Michigan.","Inventors--Michigan","Jazz musicians--Michigan","Kitchen utensils--Michigan.","Laboratories--Michigan.","Lakes--Michigan.","Libraries--Michigan--Detroit.","Lighthouses--Michigan.","Locomotives--Michigan.","Luggage industry--Michigan.","Mausoleums--Michigan.","Mechanical musical instruments--Michigan.","Men--Michigan--Portraits.","Men--Societies  and clubs--Michigan.","Metalworking industries--Michigan.","Military bands--Michigan.","Motion pictures--Michigan--1930-1940.","Motorboat racing--Michigan.","Music stores--Michigan.","Musicians--Michigan.","Nightclubs--Michigan.","Nursing schools--Michigan.","Occupational training--Michigan.","Offices--Michigan--1910-1930.","Old age homes--Michigan.","Opticians--Michigan.","Paddle steamers--Michigan.","Parade floats--Michigan.","Parades--Michigan.","Parks--Michigan--Detroit.","Photography--Societies, etc--Michigan.","Picnics--Michigan.","Playgrounds--Michigan.","Police--Michigan--Detroit.","Police stations--Michigan.","Political parades \u0026 rallies--Michigan--1900-1920.","Portraits, group--Michigan.","Postmortem photography--Michigan.","Power-plants--Design and construction--Michigan.","Priests--Michigan.","Prisons--Michigan.","Public architecture--Michigan.","Radio broadcasting--Michigan.","Railroad stations--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Design and construction--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Michigan.","Railroads--Employees--Michigan.","Railroads--Michigan.","Residential architecture--Michigan.","Restaurants--Michigan--1920-1930.","Sailors--Michigan.","School children--Michigan.","School buildings--Michigan.","School plays--Michigan.","School yearbooks--Michigan.","Ships--Launching--Michigan.","Ships--Michigan.","Shoes--Repairing--Michigan.","Skyscrapers--Michigan--Detroit.","Soccer players--Michigan--1920-1930","Soldiers--Michigan.","Souvenirs (Keepsakes)--Michigan.","Spanish-American War, 1898--Veterans--Michigan.","Stables--Michigan.","Steamboats--Michigan.","Steel foundries--Michigan.","Stove industry and trade--Michigan.","Street lighting--Michigan.","Street-railroads--Michigan.","Streets--Michigan.","Strikes and lockouts--Automobile industry--Michigan.","String bands--Michigan.","Storefronts--Michigan.","Teeth--Radiography--Michigan.","Television programs--Michigan.","Theaters--Michigan--1910-1920.","Threshing machines--Michigan--1900-1910.","Tour buses--Michigan.","Traffic signs \u0026 signals---Michigan--1930-1950","Train ferries--Michigan.","Trucks--Michigan--1920-1940.","Variety stores--Michigan.","Vocational education--Michigan.","Water mills--Michigan.","Water towers--Michigan.","Waterworks--Michigan.","Weddings--Michigan.","Women automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Women field hockey players--Michigan.","Women figure skaters--Michigan.","Women--Employment--Michigan--1910-1940.","Women--Michigan--Portraits.","Women--Societies and clubs--Michigan.","World War 1914-1918--Michigan.","Clippings.","Cyanotypes.","Documents.","Ephemera.","Pamphlets.","Photocopies.","Photographic prints.","Photomechanical prints.","Postage stamps."],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["1,937 photographs, 16 real photo stamps, 6 booklets, 101 pages, clippings and ephemera"],"extent_tesim":["1,937 photographs, 16 real photo stamps, 6 booklets, 101 pages, clippings and ephemera"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe city of Detroit and its vast metropolitan area has dominated the Wayne County area for centuries. Detroit was founded in 1701 as a French settlement with access to the Great Lakes and Canada and quickly became a strategic military post and trade center. It transferred to British control in 1760 during the Seven Years War and to United States governance in 1796. It became a chartered city in 1802, the capitol of the Michigan Territory in 1805, and Michigan’s first State Capital from 1837 to 1847. The city grew with an economy based largely on agriculture and trade in the early 19th century, becoming one of the nation’s prime manufacturing and cultural centers after the Civil War. Large industries based in the region included railroad equipment manufacturing, ship building, iron and steel production, stoves, pharmaceuticals, brewing, wagon making, and many others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe industrial strength of Detroit created a large middle-class society as well as vast wealth. In turn, this affluence supported cultural advancement, education, and the arts. Commercial photography studios thrived in this environment. Many prize-winning portrait photographers were based in Detroit, as were those specializing in architecture, and the documentation of industry and commerce.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe diversity of industry of late 19th century Detroit gave way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. The boom in wartime production during World War Two attracted workers from around the country and shifted the racial demographics of the city.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collapse of manufacturing industries, the disappearance of public transportation, and massive population shifts to the suburbs were factors in the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The city of Detroit and its vast metropolitan area has dominated the Wayne County area for centuries. Detroit was founded in 1701 as a French settlement with access to the Great Lakes and Canada and quickly became a strategic military post and trade center. It transferred to British control in 1760 during the Seven Years War and to United States governance in 1796. It became a chartered city in 1802, the capitol of the Michigan Territory in 1805, and Michigan’s first State Capital from 1837 to 1847. The city grew with an economy based largely on agriculture and trade in the early 19th century, becoming one of the nation’s prime manufacturing and cultural centers after the Civil War. Large industries based in the region included railroad equipment manufacturing, ship building, iron and steel production, stoves, pharmaceuticals, brewing, wagon making, and many others.","The industrial strength of Detroit created a large middle-class society as well as vast wealth. In turn, this affluence supported cultural advancement, education, and the arts. Commercial photography studios thrived in this environment. Many prize-winning portrait photographers were based in Detroit, as were those specializing in architecture, and the documentation of industry and commerce.","The diversity of industry of late 19th century Detroit gave way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. The boom in wartime production during World War Two attracted workers from around the country and shifted the racial demographics of the city.","The collapse of manufacturing industries, the disappearance of public transportation, and massive population shifts to the suburbs were factors in the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncluded in the Wayne County file of the David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography are images of urban Detroit, people in their places of work, at home, at leisure, and participating in social activities and in fraternal and religious organizations. Numerous images show industrial manufacturing, urban transportation, and civic infrastructure. Activities related to entertainment, sports, parades, and the arts are well represented. The many portraits photographs include formal posed images, casual snapshots, workplace groups and fraternal organizations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA vast majority of the photographs are the work of commercial photographers, with some amateurs. A significant number of photos were taken by Detroit News and Detroit Free Press photographers. Almost all the images present would be considered vernacular photos rather than fine art; however, many are carefully composed with strong aesthetic characteristics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough the photos have been largely sorted by subject, related materials may be present outside of the subject categories, i.e., images of transportation can also be found in the categories Architecture, Business and Commerce, Group Portraits, and in other sections outside of Transportation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the photos in this collection were taken in Detroit during the era of rapid population growth and industrial development around the turn of the century. The diversity of industry that appears in the late 19th century images can be seen giving way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. Evidence of the rich residential lifestyles and multi-ethnic cultures of the Detroit area appear in many images.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the fringe of the collection’s scope are images of the demolition of factories, the disappearance of public transportation, and racial unrest during the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIt should be noted that while most of the collection are mounted and unmounted photographic prints, there are a few bound items as well as printed ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection has been organized into various categories by subject. The first group of photos is comprised of those that did not fit neatly under other categories. These include views of military encampments, disasters and firefighting, civic unrest, commercial product promotions, and other miscellaneous topics. Of particular note is a charming outdoor children’s party scene by amateur photographer Robert R. Oesterreich (no. 9); a double portrait montage by Tony Spina of John F. Kennedy and Robert F. Kennedy, both speaking at Campus Martius (no. 14); the high quality photomechanical prints of Detroit scenes and architecture in the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDetroit Illustrated.\u003c/emph\u003e (no. 16); and a collection of 28 miscellaneous nightclub souvenir photographs dating from the 1940s-1980s (no. 20). The rest of the material falls under the following categories:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eTransportation:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e243 photographs. Material is divided between the following sub-categories: Automobiles and Trucks (56 photographs), Aircraft (18 photographs), Railroads and Trains (58 photographs), Streetcars and Trolleys (20 photographs), Roads and Infrastructure (33 photographs), Wagons (20 photographs), Maritime (38 photographs).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOf note are a photograph of an African American couple posed with a new V-8 Ford (no. 71.3); construction photos of the Detroit River railroad tunnel (no. 95); Goebel’s Brewing Co. delivery wagons (no. 98); and a view of the steamboat \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTashmoo\u003c/emph\u003e at speed on the Detroit River (no. 110).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003ePerformers:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e107 photographs, most of which (113 photographs) are contained in the sub-category Music and Musicians. Of particular note are numerous photos of community brass bands, a photo of John Philip Sousa and his band at Grand Circus Park (no. 122); an image of the inventor Charles Crawford and his patented \"Pickaphone\" mechanism for playing stringed instruments, ca. 1888 (no. 123); and copy prints of two important early jazz bands, Finney’s Orchestra (no. 131) and McKinney’s Cotton Pickers (no. 132).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003ePortraits:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e505 photographs. Material is divided into the following sub-categories: Individuals (172 photographs), Groups (133 photographs), Children (97 photographs), Weddings (64 photographs), Confirmation and Communion (41 photographs). Of particular interest are a photograph of Joan Baxter and her Hot Dog Cooker (no. 137); three 1860's portraits of members of the Hawley family of Detroit (no. 141), one of which is inscribed with enlargement instructions ca.1901 on its verso; and a portrait of politician and founder of the Republican Party Zachariah Chandler, taken by Benjamin Powelson ca. 1880 (no. 142).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOf the many notable images within the Groups category are an outstanding image of sixteen Packard Motor Car Company employees piled onto a 1911 Packard in front of the then new Packard factory on West Grand Blvd. (no. 144.9); a group of African American women engaged in a ceremonial burning of the mortgage of the Phyllis Wheatley Home for Aged Colored Ladies (no. 162); and a portrait of members of the Direct Credits Society, a Great Depression-era wealth redistribution movement founded by Alfred Lawson (no. 166).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eParades:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e54 photographs. Many scenes of massive parades in Detroit. Of note is a series of photographs of women marching in a racially-integrated United Spanish War Veterans Parade, ca.1940 (no. 179); and a view of five young women in a florally decorated early automobile (no. 180.11).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eBusiness \u0026amp; Commerce:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e319 photographs. Where possible, material has been divided into the following sub-categories: Business Exteriors (52 photographs), Business Interiors (125 photographs), Construction (22 photographs), Ford Motor Company (19 photographs). Of note is an image of a group of brewers tapping a keg at the Marx Brewing Co. (no. 186.1); Candler Dock \u0026amp; Dredge Co. workers and surveyors building a dock, taken by the Manning Bros. ca 1920s (no. 192); women rolling cigars at the R.G. Dunn factory, 1909 (no. 204); workers fabricating automobile bodies at the Briggs Manufacturing Co. ca. 1910s (no. 206);interior view of the Burroughs Adding Machine factory (no 209.11); the Penobscot Building construction in three stages ca 1928 (no. 217); and two fold-out panoramic photos of the Ford complex at River Rouge taken by Otto Rotch in 1925 (no. 218).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eViews:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e86 photographs. Material is divided into Street Views (28 photographs), Residential Views (51 photographs), and Aerial Views (7 photographs).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eArchitecture:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e69 photographs. Of particular note is a charming view of a small inn at Springwells, Mich., the International Exposition House ca. 1889 (no. 235); an 1870's print of the large Russell House Hotel in Detroit (no. 238); and a panoramic view of downtown Detroit at its peak, taken by the Murray Studio in the 1920s (no. 240.18).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eLabor \u0026amp; Unemployment:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8 photographs primarily focused on unemployment during the Great Depression. Of note is a group photo of the striking Journeyman Bakers International Union in 1902 (no. 248).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eAthletes \u0026amp; Athletics:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e58 photographs. Of particular note are a copy-print of a 1910 Detroit Tigers team photo featuring Hall of Famer Ty Cobb (no. 261); a series of 3 group photographs of an early soccer team, Michigan Alkali F.C. in 1923 (no. 265); Wyandotte baseball teams (no. 266);. The Slocum’s Island baseball champions of 1882 (no. 272.4); and a 1943 curling team (no. 273).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eClassrooms \u0026amp; Schools:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e38 photographs. Of particular interest are a student group in front of a one-room schoolhouse at Cherry Hill in 1934 (no. 280.11); a kindergarten band at Clippert School taken by the Manning Bros. (no. 280.20); and a ca.1936 Lincoln Park High School album with personal snapshots and autographs of classmates (no. 279).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003ePlaces of Worship \u0026amp; Religious Activities:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e43 photographs. One of several images related to African American church congregations shows members of an A.M.E. church dressed in \"traditional\" African garb ca.1920-1930 (no. 284).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eParks:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e112 photographs. Of particular focus is Belle Isle (approx. 50 photographs) and Waterworks Park. A series of Belle Isle views taken in 1889 by Holcombe \u0026amp; Metzen is particularly picturesque (no. 297.1-9).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eFunerals \u0026amp; Postmortem Photography:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e14 photographs. These photographs date from the 1910s-1930s and are mostly photographs of open caskets surrounded by the deceased's family.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Included in the Wayne County file of the David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography are images of urban Detroit, people in their places of work, at home, at leisure, and participating in social activities and in fraternal and religious organizations. Numerous images show industrial manufacturing, urban transportation, and civic infrastructure. Activities related to entertainment, sports, parades, and the arts are well represented. The many portraits photographs include formal posed images, casual snapshots, workplace groups and fraternal organizations.","A vast majority of the photographs are the work of commercial photographers, with some amateurs. A significant number of photos were taken by Detroit News and Detroit Free Press photographers. Almost all the images present would be considered vernacular photos rather than fine art; however, many are carefully composed with strong aesthetic characteristics.","Although the photos have been largely sorted by subject, related materials may be present outside of the subject categories, i.e., images of transportation can also be found in the categories Architecture, Business and Commerce, Group Portraits, and in other sections outside of Transportation.","The bulk of the photos in this collection were taken in Detroit during the era of rapid population growth and industrial development around the turn of the century. The diversity of industry that appears in the late 19th century images can be seen giving way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. Evidence of the rich residential lifestyles and multi-ethnic cultures of the Detroit area appear in many images.","At the fringe of the collection’s scope are images of the demolition of factories, the disappearance of public transportation, and racial unrest during the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century.","It should be noted that while most of the collection are mounted and unmounted photographic prints, there are a few bound items as well as printed ephemera.","The collection has been organized into various categories by subject. The first group of photos is comprised of those that did not fit neatly under other categories. These include views of military encampments, disasters and firefighting, civic unrest, commercial product promotions, and other miscellaneous topics. Of particular note is a charming outdoor children’s party scene by amateur photographer Robert R. Oesterreich (no. 9); a double portrait montage by Tony Spina of John F. Kennedy and Robert F. Kennedy, both speaking at Campus Martius (no. 14); the high quality photomechanical prints of Detroit scenes and architecture in the  Detroit Illustrated.  (no. 16); and a collection of 28 miscellaneous nightclub souvenir photographs dating from the 1940s-1980s (no. 20). The rest of the material falls under the following categories:","Transportation: 243 photographs. Material is divided between the following sub-categories: Automobiles and Trucks (56 photographs), Aircraft (18 photographs), Railroads and Trains (58 photographs), Streetcars and Trolleys (20 photographs), Roads and Infrastructure (33 photographs), Wagons (20 photographs), Maritime (38 photographs).","Of note are a photograph of an African American couple posed with a new V-8 Ford (no. 71.3); construction photos of the Detroit River railroad tunnel (no. 95); Goebel’s Brewing Co. delivery wagons (no. 98); and a view of the steamboat  Tashmoo  at speed on the Detroit River (no. 110).","Performers: 107 photographs, most of which (113 photographs) are contained in the sub-category Music and Musicians. Of particular note are numerous photos of community brass bands, a photo of John Philip Sousa and his band at Grand Circus Park (no. 122); an image of the inventor Charles Crawford and his patented \"Pickaphone\" mechanism for playing stringed instruments, ca. 1888 (no. 123); and copy prints of two important early jazz bands, Finney’s Orchestra (no. 131) and McKinney’s Cotton Pickers (no. 132).","Portraits: 505 photographs. Material is divided into the following sub-categories: Individuals (172 photographs), Groups (133 photographs), Children (97 photographs), Weddings (64 photographs), Confirmation and Communion (41 photographs). Of particular interest are a photograph of Joan Baxter and her Hot Dog Cooker (no. 137); three 1860's portraits of members of the Hawley family of Detroit (no. 141), one of which is inscribed with enlargement instructions ca.1901 on its verso; and a portrait of politician and founder of the Republican Party Zachariah Chandler, taken by Benjamin Powelson ca. 1880 (no. 142).","Of the many notable images within the Groups category are an outstanding image of sixteen Packard Motor Car Company employees piled onto a 1911 Packard in front of the then new Packard factory on West Grand Blvd. (no. 144.9); a group of African American women engaged in a ceremonial burning of the mortgage of the Phyllis Wheatley Home for Aged Colored Ladies (no. 162); and a portrait of members of the Direct Credits Society, a Great Depression-era wealth redistribution movement founded by Alfred Lawson (no. 166).","Parades: 54 photographs. Many scenes of massive parades in Detroit. Of note is a series of photographs of women marching in a racially-integrated United Spanish War Veterans Parade, ca.1940 (no. 179); and a view of five young women in a florally decorated early automobile (no. 180.11).","Business \u0026 Commerce: 319 photographs. Where possible, material has been divided into the following sub-categories: Business Exteriors (52 photographs), Business Interiors (125 photographs), Construction (22 photographs), Ford Motor Company (19 photographs). Of note is an image of a group of brewers tapping a keg at the Marx Brewing Co. (no. 186.1); Candler Dock \u0026 Dredge Co. workers and surveyors building a dock, taken by the Manning Bros. ca 1920s (no. 192); women rolling cigars at the R.G. Dunn factory, 1909 (no. 204); workers fabricating automobile bodies at the Briggs Manufacturing Co. ca. 1910s (no. 206);interior view of the Burroughs Adding Machine factory (no 209.11); the Penobscot Building construction in three stages ca 1928 (no. 217); and two fold-out panoramic photos of the Ford complex at River Rouge taken by Otto Rotch in 1925 (no. 218).","Views: 86 photographs. Material is divided into Street Views (28 photographs), Residential Views (51 photographs), and Aerial Views (7 photographs).","Architecture: 69 photographs. Of particular note is a charming view of a small inn at Springwells, Mich., the International Exposition House ca. 1889 (no. 235); an 1870's print of the large Russell House Hotel in Detroit (no. 238); and a panoramic view of downtown Detroit at its peak, taken by the Murray Studio in the 1920s (no. 240.18).","Labor \u0026 Unemployment: 8 photographs primarily focused on unemployment during the Great Depression. Of note is a group photo of the striking Journeyman Bakers International Union in 1902 (no. 248).","Athletes \u0026 Athletics: 58 photographs. Of particular note are a copy-print of a 1910 Detroit Tigers team photo featuring Hall of Famer Ty Cobb (no. 261); a series of 3 group photographs of an early soccer team, Michigan Alkali F.C. in 1923 (no. 265); Wyandotte baseball teams (no. 266);. The Slocum’s Island baseball champions of 1882 (no. 272.4); and a 1943 curling team (no. 273).","Classrooms \u0026 Schools: 38 photographs. Of particular interest are a student group in front of a one-room schoolhouse at Cherry Hill in 1934 (no. 280.11); a kindergarten band at Clippert School taken by the Manning Bros. (no. 280.20); and a ca.1936 Lincoln Park High School album with personal snapshots and autographs of classmates (no. 279).","Places of Worship \u0026 Religious Activities: 43 photographs. One of several images related to African American church congregations shows members of an A.M.E. church dressed in \"traditional\" African garb ca.1920-1930 (no. 284).","Parks: 112 photographs. Of particular focus is Belle Isle (approx. 50 photographs) and Waterworks Park. A series of Belle Isle views taken in 1889 by Holcombe \u0026 Metzen is particularly picturesque (no. 297.1-9).","Funerals \u0026 Postmortem Photography: 14 photographs. These photographs date from the 1910s-1930s and are mostly photographs of open caskets surrounded by the deceased's family."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract\u003eThe collection contains photographs of Wayne County, Michigan. Included are numerous urban scenes and images of everyday life, primarily in the Metropolitan Detroit area between 1860 and the mid-20th century. The bulk of the photographs were taken between 1890 and 1930. A very wide range of topics is represented, among them commercial and residential architecture, urban infrastructure, public and private spaces, civic and domestic activities, individual and group portraits, and events from across the social spectrum.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains photographs of Wayne County, Michigan. Included are numerous urban scenes and images of everyday life, primarily in the Metropolitan Detroit area between 1860 and the mid-20th century. The bulk of the photographs were taken between 1890 and 1930. A very wide range of topics is represented, among them commercial and residential architecture, urban infrastructure, public and private spaces, civic and domestic activities, individual and group portraits, and events from across the social spectrum."],"names_ssim":["William L. Clements Library , University of Michigan","American Red Cross.","Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine for North America.","BASF Wyandotte Corporation.","Cartercar Co.","Catholic Church--Clergy--Michigan.","Detroit College of Medicine.","Detroit Institute of Arts.","Detroit Museum of Art.","Detroit Opera House.","Detroit Red Wings (Hockey team)","Detroit Symphony Orchestra.","Detroit, Toledo and Ironton Railroad.","Dodge Brothers.","Ford Motor Company.","Ford Motor Company--Employees.","Ford Motor Company. Rouge River Plant.","Ford Rotunda (Dearborn, Mich.)","General Motors Corporation.","Henry Ford Museum and Greenfield Village.","Hudson's (Department store)","International Union, United Automobile Workers of America (CIO)","Journeymen Bakers National Union of the United States.","Knights of Pythias.","Knights Templar (Masonic order)","Michigan Central Railroad Company.","Michigan. National Guard.","Michigan Stove Company.","Tiger Stadium (Detroit, Mich.)","United States. Army--Recruiting, enlistment, etc.--Michigan.","United States. Army. Reserve Officers' Training Corps.","YMCA of the USA.","Young Women's Christian Association.","Agdan Photographic.","Alliance Commercial Photo Co.","Alvord \u0026 Co.","American Commercial Photo Co.","Arthur Studio.","Babas Studio.","Baker Art Studio.","Baker Studio.","Ballaun Studio.","Bonish Studio.","Brown \u0026 Co.","Charles Hopp \u0026 Co.","Club Photos Inc.","Commercial Photo Service Co.","Cousins Art Studio.","Davison Photo Studio.","Deluxe Theatrical Studio.","Detroit Edison Co.","Detroit News Staff.","Fotografia Italiana (G. Lanni \u0026 Co.)","General Motors Photographic Section.","Harbican Studio.","Hoffman Studio.","Holcombe \u0026 Metzen.","Holgate Studio.","Huntington \u0026 Clark.","Litynski-Jakubowski Co.","MacGregor and Company.","Manning Bros.","Metropolitan Art Studio.","Modernistic Photo Studio.","New Chene Studio.","P. Pieronek Studio.","Rembrandt Studios.","Rentschler's Studio.","Smart Set Studio.","Smith Brothers Commerical Photographers.","Spencer \u0026 Wyckoff.","Spooner \u0026 Wells, Inc.","Tiffany Photographic Studio.","Ziawinski Bros.","Tinder, David V.","Grant, Ulysses S. (Ulysses Simpson), 1822-1885--Homes and haunts.","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963.","Kennedy, Robert F., 1925-1968.","Robeson, Paul, 1898-1976.","Sousa, John Philip, 1854-1932.","Arthur, Edward J.","Baker, Chas. R.","Ball, Lyman L.","Baron, Herman.","Blanchard, Issac H.","Bleibel, Gustav.","Bowles, Esther A., Mrs.","Burose, Herman.","Cheff, Edmund Archael.","Craine, Benjamin H.","Hayes, Clarence Messenger.","Hediger, James D.","Hillmer, Davis B.","Hoffman, Clarence L.","Howie, George William.","Hughes, John Wesley.","Jackson, Harvey C.","James, Langford P.","Jones, J. F.","Lazarnick, Nathan.","Litynski, Walter E.","Mazur, Anthony","McMichael, A.G.","Merz, Charles J.","Mirecki, Albert J.","Phelps, C.A. (New Castle, IN)","Pipp, Frank H.","Poli, Faustino G.","Pollard, C.H.","Rentschler, Andrew.","Rochowiak, Stanley A.","Rotch, Otto.","Salter, Al.","Sowinski, Joseph.","Spellman, Delmar Driscoe.","Stone, Frank H.","Tomlinson, Frank N.","Wiederhold, John A.","Wright, Fred G.","Ziawinski, Felix.","Ziawinski, Joseph."],"corpname_ssim":["William L. Clements Library , University of Michigan","American Red Cross.","Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine for North America.","BASF Wyandotte Corporation.","Cartercar Co.","Catholic Church--Clergy--Michigan.","Detroit College of Medicine.","Detroit Institute of Arts.","Detroit Museum of Art.","Detroit Opera House.","Detroit Red Wings (Hockey team)","Detroit Symphony Orchestra.","Detroit, Toledo and Ironton Railroad.","Dodge Brothers.","Ford Motor Company.","Ford Motor Company--Employees.","Ford Motor Company. Rouge River Plant.","Ford Rotunda (Dearborn, Mich.)","General Motors Corporation.","Henry Ford Museum and Greenfield Village.","Hudson's (Department store)","International Union, United Automobile Workers of America (CIO)","Journeymen Bakers National Union of the United States.","Knights of Pythias.","Knights Templar (Masonic order)","Michigan Central Railroad Company.","Michigan. National Guard.","Michigan Stove Company.","Tiger Stadium (Detroit, Mich.)","United States. Army--Recruiting, enlistment, etc.--Michigan.","United States. Army. Reserve Officers' Training Corps.","YMCA of the USA.","Young Women's Christian Association.","Agdan Photographic.","Alliance Commercial Photo Co.","Alvord \u0026 Co.","American Commercial Photo Co.","Arthur Studio.","Babas Studio.","Baker Art Studio.","Baker Studio.","Ballaun Studio.","Bonish Studio.","Brown \u0026 Co.","Charles Hopp \u0026 Co.","Club Photos Inc.","Commercial Photo Service Co.","Cousins Art Studio.","Davison Photo Studio.","Deluxe Theatrical Studio.","Detroit Edison Co.","Detroit News Staff.","Fotografia Italiana (G. Lanni \u0026 Co.)","General Motors Photographic Section.","Harbican Studio.","Hoffman Studio.","Holcombe \u0026 Metzen.","Holgate Studio.","Huntington \u0026 Clark.","Litynski-Jakubowski Co.","MacGregor and Company.","Manning Bros.","Metropolitan Art Studio.","Modernistic Photo Studio.","New Chene Studio.","P. Pieronek Studio.","Rembrandt Studios.","Rentschler's Studio.","Smart Set Studio.","Smith Brothers Commerical Photographers.","Spencer \u0026 Wyckoff.","Spooner \u0026 Wells, Inc.","Tiffany Photographic Studio.","Ziawinski Bros."],"persname_ssim":["Tinder, David V.","Grant, Ulysses S. (Ulysses Simpson), 1822-1885--Homes and haunts.","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963.","Kennedy, Robert F., 1925-1968.","Robeson, Paul, 1898-1976.","Sousa, John Philip, 1854-1932.","Arthur, Edward J.","Baker, Chas. R.","Ball, Lyman L.","Baron, Herman.","Blanchard, Issac H.","Bleibel, Gustav.","Bowles, Esther A., Mrs.","Burose, Herman.","Cheff, Edmund Archael.","Craine, Benjamin H.","Hayes, Clarence Messenger.","Hediger, James D.","Hillmer, Davis B.","Hoffman, Clarence L.","Howie, George William.","Hughes, John Wesley.","Jackson, Harvey C.","James, Langford P.","Jones, J. F.","Lazarnick, Nathan.","Litynski, Walter E.","Mazur, Anthony","McMichael, A.G.","Merz, Charles J.","Mirecki, Albert J.","Phelps, C.A. (New Castle, IN)","Pipp, Frank H.","Poli, Faustino G.","Pollard, C.H.","Rentschler, Andrew.","Rochowiak, Stanley A.","Rotch, Otto.","Salter, Al.","Sowinski, Joseph.","Spellman, Delmar Driscoe.","Stone, Frank H.","Tomlinson, Frank N.","Wiederhold, John A.","Wright, Fred G.","Ziawinski, Felix.","Ziawinski, Joseph."],"language_ssim":["The material is in  English ."],"descrules_ssm":["Finding aid prepared using Describing Archives: A Content Standard (DACS)"],"total_component_count_is":365,"online_item_count_is":15,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:25:22.393Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_bb8d0af062daf948a2d720efedcc0e8481106a2e"}},{"id":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_a062ae4b29bc7d492728ca5ce423dde89302c256","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"59. [Geml-McGrath Dairy Inc. trucks]","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_a062ae4b29bc7d492728ca5ce423dde89302c256#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"al_a062ae4b29bc7d492728ca5ce423dde89302c256","ref_ssm":["al_a062ae4b29bc7d492728ca5ce423dde89302c256","al_a062ae4b29bc7d492728ca5ce423dde89302c256"],"id":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_a062ae4b29bc7d492728ca5ce423dde89302c256","title_filing_ssi":"59. [Geml-McGrath Dairy Inc. trucks]","title_ssm":["59. [Geml-McGrath Dairy Inc. trucks]"],"title_tesim":["59. [Geml-McGrath Dairy Inc. trucks]"],"normalized_title_ssm":["59. [Geml-McGrath Dairy Inc. trucks]"],"text":["59. [Geml-McGrath Dairy Inc. trucks]","David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","David V. Tinder collection of Michigan photography, County File, Wayne County, Box 3"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ssim":["umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","al_a1b85d5af6cea949749e7332d58fa46d61e38acd"],"parent_ssi":"al_a1b85d5af6cea949749e7332d58fa46d61e38acd","parent_ids_ssim":["umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_a1b85d5af6cea949749e7332d58fa46d61e38acd"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","David V. Tinder collection of Michigan photography, County File, Wayne County, Box 3"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","David V. Tinder collection of Michigan photography, County File, Wayne County, Box 3"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. William L. Clements Library"],"collection_ssim":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985"],"extent_ssm":["1 photograph"],"extent_tesim":["1 photograph"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":63,"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#4","_nest_parent_":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_a1b85d5af6cea949749e7332d58fa46d61e38acd","_root_":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:25:22.393Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","title_ssm":["  David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","Tinder, David V., Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County"],"title_tesim":["  David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","Tinder, David V., Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County"],"ead_ssi":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["wclgrfx000200"],"text":["wclgrfx000200","David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography.","Photographs shelf.","Actors--Michigan--1900-1910.","Actresses--Michigan--1890-1910.","African American businesspeople--Michigan.","African American children--Portraits--Michigan.","African American choirs--Michigan.","African American churches--Michigan.","African American freemasons--Michigan.","African American judges--Michigan.","African American musicians--Michigan.","African Americans--Societies, etc.--Michigan.","African American students--Michigan.","African American Sunday schools--Michigan.","Agricultural laborers--Michigan.","Airports--Michigan.","Aircraft--Michigan--1930-1940.","Aircraft industry--Michigan.","Air shows--Michigan.","Amateur theater--Michigan.","Amusement parks--Michigan.","Animals on television--Michigan.","Asbestos--Michigan.","Automobile factories--Michigan.","Automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Automobile rallies--Michigan.","Automobiles--Michigan.","Automobiles--Design and construction--Michigan.","Balls (Parties)--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bands (Music)--Michigan.","Banquets--Michigan--1920-1930.","Barbers--Michigan.","Barbershops--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bar mitzvah--Michigan.","Bars (Drinking establishments)--Michigan.","Baseball players--Michigan.","Basketball courts--Michigan.","Basketball players--Michigan.","Beauty shops--Michigan.","Beekeepers--Michigan.","Bicycles \u0026 tricycles--Michigan--1890-1930.","Bicycle stores--Michigan.","Blacksmiths--Michigan.","Blizzards--Michigan.","Boats and boating--Michigan.","Boycotts--Michigan.","Breweries--Michigan.","Breweries--Employees--Michigan.","Brick trade--Michigan.","Bridges--Michigan--Detroit.","Broom and brush industry--Michigan.","Building construction--Michigan--1910-1930.","Buses--Michigan--1930-1940.","Business organizations--Michigan.","Business Schools--Michigan.","Button industry--Michigan.","Cafeterias--Michigan.","Camping--Michigan.","Canoes and canoeing--Michigan.","Carts \u0026 wagons--Michigan--1890-1910","Casinos--Michigan.","Catholic schools--Michigan.","Cemeteries--Michigan.","Chauffeurs--Michigan.","Chemical industry--Michigan.","Children's costumes--Michigan.","Children's parties--Michigan--1890-1900.","Children--Michigan--Portraits.","Children's choirs--Michigan.","Church buildings--Michigan.","Cigar industry--Michigan.","Circus animals--Michigan.","Circus performers--Michigan.","City councils--Michigan--Hamtramck (Mich.)","City halls--Michigan.","Commercial photography--Michigan.","Concert programs--Michigan.","Confirmation--Catholic Church--Michigan.","Construction workers--Michigan.","Coopers and Cooperage--Michigan.","Couples--Michigan--Portraits.","Creameries--Michigan.","Cross-country runners--Michigan.","Curling--Michigan.","Dairying--Michigan.","Delivery of goods--Michigan.","Diving--Michigan--1890-1900.","Docks--Michigan.","Dredges--Michigan.","Drugstores--Michigan.","Dwellings--Michigan.","Engines--Michigan.","Entertainers--Michigan--1900-1910.","Ethnic costume--Romania.","Ethnic groups--Michigan.","Exhibitions--Michigan--1880-1890.","Explosions--Michigan.","Factories--Employees--Michigan.","Factories--Michigan.","Families--Michigan--Portraits.","Fire fighters--Michigan.","Florists--Michigan.","Flour mills--Michigan.","Flower arrangements--Michigan--1920-1940.","Football players--Michigan--1900-1910.","Fraternal organizations--Michigan","Funeral rites \u0026 ceremonies--Michigan--1910-1930","Gardens--Michigan--1900-1910.","Gas power plants--Michigan.","Graduation (School)","Grocery trade--Michigan.","Hardware stores--Michigan.","Hat trade--Michigan.","High school students--Michigan.","Horse-drawn rail cars--Michigan.","Horse racing--Michigan--1920-1930","Hospitals--Michigan--Detroit.","Hotels--Michigan--1870-1890.","Ice industry--Michigan.","Insurance companies--Michigan.","Inventors--Michigan","Jazz musicians--Michigan","Kitchen utensils--Michigan.","Laboratories--Michigan.","Lakes--Michigan.","Libraries--Michigan--Detroit.","Lighthouses--Michigan.","Locomotives--Michigan.","Luggage industry--Michigan.","Mausoleums--Michigan.","Mechanical musical instruments--Michigan.","Men--Michigan--Portraits.","Men--Societies  and clubs--Michigan.","Metalworking industries--Michigan.","Military bands--Michigan.","Motion pictures--Michigan--1930-1940.","Motorboat racing--Michigan.","Music stores--Michigan.","Musicians--Michigan.","Nightclubs--Michigan.","Nursing schools--Michigan.","Occupational training--Michigan.","Offices--Michigan--1910-1930.","Old age homes--Michigan.","Opticians--Michigan.","Paddle steamers--Michigan.","Parade floats--Michigan.","Parades--Michigan.","Parks--Michigan--Detroit.","Photography--Societies, etc--Michigan.","Picnics--Michigan.","Playgrounds--Michigan.","Police--Michigan--Detroit.","Police stations--Michigan.","Political parades \u0026 rallies--Michigan--1900-1920.","Portraits, group--Michigan.","Postmortem photography--Michigan.","Power-plants--Design and construction--Michigan.","Priests--Michigan.","Prisons--Michigan.","Public architecture--Michigan.","Radio broadcasting--Michigan.","Railroad stations--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Design and construction--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Michigan.","Railroads--Employees--Michigan.","Railroads--Michigan.","Residential architecture--Michigan.","Restaurants--Michigan--1920-1930.","Sailors--Michigan.","School children--Michigan.","School buildings--Michigan.","School plays--Michigan.","School yearbooks--Michigan.","Ships--Launching--Michigan.","Ships--Michigan.","Shoes--Repairing--Michigan.","Skyscrapers--Michigan--Detroit.","Soccer players--Michigan--1920-1930","Soldiers--Michigan.","Souvenirs (Keepsakes)--Michigan.","Spanish-American War, 1898--Veterans--Michigan.","Stables--Michigan.","Steamboats--Michigan.","Steel foundries--Michigan.","Stove industry and trade--Michigan.","Street lighting--Michigan.","Street-railroads--Michigan.","Streets--Michigan.","Strikes and lockouts--Automobile industry--Michigan.","String bands--Michigan.","Storefronts--Michigan.","Teeth--Radiography--Michigan.","Television programs--Michigan.","Theaters--Michigan--1910-1920.","Threshing machines--Michigan--1900-1910.","Tour buses--Michigan.","Traffic signs \u0026 signals---Michigan--1930-1950","Train ferries--Michigan.","Trucks--Michigan--1920-1940.","Variety stores--Michigan.","Vocational education--Michigan.","Water mills--Michigan.","Water towers--Michigan.","Waterworks--Michigan.","Weddings--Michigan.","Women automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Women field hockey players--Michigan.","Women figure skaters--Michigan.","Women--Employment--Michigan--1910-1940.","Women--Michigan--Portraits.","Women--Societies and clubs--Michigan.","World War 1914-1918--Michigan.","Clippings.","Cyanotypes.","Documents.","Ephemera.","Pamphlets.","Photocopies.","Photographic prints.","Photomechanical prints.","Postage stamps.","The city of Detroit and its vast metropolitan area has dominated the Wayne County area for centuries. Detroit was founded in 1701 as a French settlement with access to the Great Lakes and Canada and quickly became a strategic military post and trade center. It transferred to British control in 1760 during the Seven Years War and to United States governance in 1796. It became a chartered city in 1802, the capitol of the Michigan Territory in 1805, and Michigan’s first State Capital from 1837 to 1847. The city grew with an economy based largely on agriculture and trade in the early 19th century, becoming one of the nation’s prime manufacturing and cultural centers after the Civil War. Large industries based in the region included railroad equipment manufacturing, ship building, iron and steel production, stoves, pharmaceuticals, brewing, wagon making, and many others.","The industrial strength of Detroit created a large middle-class society as well as vast wealth. In turn, this affluence supported cultural advancement, education, and the arts. Commercial photography studios thrived in this environment. Many prize-winning portrait photographers were based in Detroit, as were those specializing in architecture, and the documentation of industry and commerce.","The diversity of industry of late 19th century Detroit gave way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. The boom in wartime production during World War Two attracted workers from around the country and shifted the racial demographics of the city.","The collapse of manufacturing industries, the disappearance of public transportation, and massive population shifts to the suburbs were factors in the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century.","Included in the Wayne County file of the David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography are images of urban Detroit, people in their places of work, at home, at leisure, and participating in social activities and in fraternal and religious organizations. Numerous images show industrial manufacturing, urban transportation, and civic infrastructure. Activities related to entertainment, sports, parades, and the arts are well represented. The many portraits photographs include formal posed images, casual snapshots, workplace groups and fraternal organizations.","A vast majority of the photographs are the work of commercial photographers, with some amateurs. A significant number of photos were taken by Detroit News and Detroit Free Press photographers. Almost all the images present would be considered vernacular photos rather than fine art; however, many are carefully composed with strong aesthetic characteristics.","Although the photos have been largely sorted by subject, related materials may be present outside of the subject categories, i.e., images of transportation can also be found in the categories Architecture, Business and Commerce, Group Portraits, and in other sections outside of Transportation.","The bulk of the photos in this collection were taken in Detroit during the era of rapid population growth and industrial development around the turn of the century. The diversity of industry that appears in the late 19th century images can be seen giving way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. Evidence of the rich residential lifestyles and multi-ethnic cultures of the Detroit area appear in many images.","At the fringe of the collection’s scope are images of the demolition of factories, the disappearance of public transportation, and racial unrest during the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century.","It should be noted that while most of the collection are mounted and unmounted photographic prints, there are a few bound items as well as printed ephemera.","The collection has been organized into various categories by subject. The first group of photos is comprised of those that did not fit neatly under other categories. These include views of military encampments, disasters and firefighting, civic unrest, commercial product promotions, and other miscellaneous topics. Of particular note is a charming outdoor children’s party scene by amateur photographer Robert R. Oesterreich (no. 9); a double portrait montage by Tony Spina of John F. Kennedy and Robert F. Kennedy, both speaking at Campus Martius (no. 14); the high quality photomechanical prints of Detroit scenes and architecture in the  Detroit Illustrated.  (no. 16); and a collection of 28 miscellaneous nightclub souvenir photographs dating from the 1940s-1980s (no. 20). The rest of the material falls under the following categories:","Transportation: 243 photographs. Material is divided between the following sub-categories: Automobiles and Trucks (56 photographs), Aircraft (18 photographs), Railroads and Trains (58 photographs), Streetcars and Trolleys (20 photographs), Roads and Infrastructure (33 photographs), Wagons (20 photographs), Maritime (38 photographs).","Of note are a photograph of an African American couple posed with a new V-8 Ford (no. 71.3); construction photos of the Detroit River railroad tunnel (no. 95); Goebel’s Brewing Co. delivery wagons (no. 98); and a view of the steamboat  Tashmoo  at speed on the Detroit River (no. 110).","Performers: 107 photographs, most of which (113 photographs) are contained in the sub-category Music and Musicians. Of particular note are numerous photos of community brass bands, a photo of John Philip Sousa and his band at Grand Circus Park (no. 122); an image of the inventor Charles Crawford and his patented \"Pickaphone\" mechanism for playing stringed instruments, ca. 1888 (no. 123); and copy prints of two important early jazz bands, Finney’s Orchestra (no. 131) and McKinney’s Cotton Pickers (no. 132).","Portraits: 505 photographs. Material is divided into the following sub-categories: Individuals (172 photographs), Groups (133 photographs), Children (97 photographs), Weddings (64 photographs), Confirmation and Communion (41 photographs). Of particular interest are a photograph of Joan Baxter and her Hot Dog Cooker (no. 137); three 1860's portraits of members of the Hawley family of Detroit (no. 141), one of which is inscribed with enlargement instructions ca.1901 on its verso; and a portrait of politician and founder of the Republican Party Zachariah Chandler, taken by Benjamin Powelson ca. 1880 (no. 142).","Of the many notable images within the Groups category are an outstanding image of sixteen Packard Motor Car Company employees piled onto a 1911 Packard in front of the then new Packard factory on West Grand Blvd. (no. 144.9); a group of African American women engaged in a ceremonial burning of the mortgage of the Phyllis Wheatley Home for Aged Colored Ladies (no. 162); and a portrait of members of the Direct Credits Society, a Great Depression-era wealth redistribution movement founded by Alfred Lawson (no. 166).","Parades: 54 photographs. Many scenes of massive parades in Detroit. Of note is a series of photographs of women marching in a racially-integrated United Spanish War Veterans Parade, ca.1940 (no. 179); and a view of five young women in a florally decorated early automobile (no. 180.11).","Business \u0026 Commerce: 319 photographs. Where possible, material has been divided into the following sub-categories: Business Exteriors (52 photographs), Business Interiors (125 photographs), Construction (22 photographs), Ford Motor Company (19 photographs). Of note is an image of a group of brewers tapping a keg at the Marx Brewing Co. (no. 186.1); Candler Dock \u0026 Dredge Co. workers and surveyors building a dock, taken by the Manning Bros. ca 1920s (no. 192); women rolling cigars at the R.G. Dunn factory, 1909 (no. 204); workers fabricating automobile bodies at the Briggs Manufacturing Co. ca. 1910s (no. 206);interior view of the Burroughs Adding Machine factory (no 209.11); the Penobscot Building construction in three stages ca 1928 (no. 217); and two fold-out panoramic photos of the Ford complex at River Rouge taken by Otto Rotch in 1925 (no. 218).","Views: 86 photographs. Material is divided into Street Views (28 photographs), Residential Views (51 photographs), and Aerial Views (7 photographs).","Architecture: 69 photographs. Of particular note is a charming view of a small inn at Springwells, Mich., the International Exposition House ca. 1889 (no. 235); an 1870's print of the large Russell House Hotel in Detroit (no. 238); and a panoramic view of downtown Detroit at its peak, taken by the Murray Studio in the 1920s (no. 240.18).","Labor \u0026 Unemployment: 8 photographs primarily focused on unemployment during the Great Depression. Of note is a group photo of the striking Journeyman Bakers International Union in 1902 (no. 248).","Athletes \u0026 Athletics: 58 photographs. Of particular note are a copy-print of a 1910 Detroit Tigers team photo featuring Hall of Famer Ty Cobb (no. 261); a series of 3 group photographs of an early soccer team, Michigan Alkali F.C. in 1923 (no. 265); Wyandotte baseball teams (no. 266);. The Slocum’s Island baseball champions of 1882 (no. 272.4); and a 1943 curling team (no. 273).","Classrooms \u0026 Schools: 38 photographs. Of particular interest are a student group in front of a one-room schoolhouse at Cherry Hill in 1934 (no. 280.11); a kindergarten band at Clippert School taken by the Manning Bros. (no. 280.20); and a ca.1936 Lincoln Park High School album with personal snapshots and autographs of classmates (no. 279).","Places of Worship \u0026 Religious Activities: 43 photographs. One of several images related to African American church congregations shows members of an A.M.E. church dressed in \"traditional\" African garb ca.1920-1930 (no. 284).","Parks: 112 photographs. Of particular focus is Belle Isle (approx. 50 photographs) and Waterworks Park. A series of Belle Isle views taken in 1889 by Holcombe \u0026 Metzen is particularly picturesque (no. 297.1-9).","Funerals \u0026 Postmortem Photography: 14 photographs. These photographs date from the 1910s-1930s and are mostly photographs of open caskets surrounded by the deceased's family.","The collection contains photographs of Wayne County, Michigan. Included are numerous urban scenes and images of everyday life, primarily in the Metropolitan Detroit area between 1860 and the mid-20th century. The bulk of the photographs were taken between 1890 and 1930. A very wide range of topics is represented, among them commercial and residential architecture, urban infrastructure, public and private spaces, civic and domestic activities, individual and group portraits, and events from across the social spectrum.","William L. Clements Library , University of Michigan","American Red Cross.","Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine for North America.","BASF Wyandotte Corporation.","Cartercar Co.","Catholic Church--Clergy--Michigan.","Detroit College of Medicine.","Detroit Institute of Arts.","Detroit Museum of Art.","Detroit Opera House.","Detroit Red Wings (Hockey team)","Detroit Symphony Orchestra.","Detroit, Toledo and Ironton Railroad.","Dodge Brothers.","Ford Motor Company.","Ford Motor Company--Employees.","Ford Motor Company. Rouge River Plant.","Ford Rotunda (Dearborn, Mich.)","General Motors Corporation.","Henry Ford Museum and Greenfield Village.","Hudson's (Department store)","International Union, United Automobile Workers of America (CIO)","Journeymen Bakers National Union of the United States.","Knights of Pythias.","Knights Templar (Masonic order)","Michigan Central Railroad Company.","Michigan. National Guard.","Michigan Stove Company.","Tiger Stadium (Detroit, Mich.)","United States. Army--Recruiting, enlistment, etc.--Michigan.","United States. Army. Reserve Officers' Training Corps.","YMCA of the USA.","Young Women's Christian Association.","Agdan Photographic.","Alliance Commercial Photo Co.","Alvord \u0026 Co.","American Commercial Photo Co.","Arthur Studio.","Babas Studio.","Baker Art Studio.","Baker Studio.","Ballaun Studio.","Bonish Studio.","Brown \u0026 Co.","Charles Hopp \u0026 Co.","Club Photos Inc.","Commercial Photo Service Co.","Cousins Art Studio.","Davison Photo Studio.","Deluxe Theatrical Studio.","Detroit Edison Co.","Detroit News Staff.","Fotografia Italiana (G. Lanni \u0026 Co.)","General Motors Photographic Section.","Harbican Studio.","Hoffman Studio.","Holcombe \u0026 Metzen.","Holgate Studio.","Huntington \u0026 Clark.","Litynski-Jakubowski Co.","MacGregor and Company.","Manning Bros.","Metropolitan Art Studio.","Modernistic Photo Studio.","New Chene Studio.","P. Pieronek Studio.","Rembrandt Studios.","Rentschler's Studio.","Smart Set Studio.","Smith Brothers Commerical Photographers.","Spencer \u0026 Wyckoff.","Spooner \u0026 Wells, Inc.","Tiffany Photographic Studio.","Ziawinski Bros.","Tinder, David V.","Grant, Ulysses S. (Ulysses Simpson), 1822-1885--Homes and haunts.","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963.","Kennedy, Robert F., 1925-1968.","Robeson, Paul, 1898-1976.","Sousa, John Philip, 1854-1932.","Arthur, Edward J.","Baker, Chas. R.","Ball, Lyman L.","Baron, Herman.","Blanchard, Issac H.","Bleibel, Gustav.","Bowles, Esther A., Mrs.","Burose, Herman.","Cheff, Edmund Archael.","Craine, Benjamin H.","Hayes, Clarence Messenger.","Hediger, James D.","Hillmer, Davis B.","Hoffman, Clarence L.","Howie, George William.","Hughes, John Wesley.","Jackson, Harvey C.","James, Langford P.","Jones, J. F.","Lazarnick, Nathan.","Litynski, Walter E.","Mazur, Anthony","McMichael, A.G.","Merz, Charles J.","Mirecki, Albert J.","Phelps, C.A. (New Castle, IN)","Pipp, Frank H.","Poli, Faustino G.","Pollard, C.H.","Rentschler, Andrew.","Rochowiak, Stanley A.","Rotch, Otto.","Salter, Al.","Sowinski, Joseph.","Spellman, Delmar Driscoe.","Stone, Frank H.","Tomlinson, Frank N.","Wiederhold, John A.","Wright, Fred G.","Ziawinski, Felix.","Ziawinski, Joseph.","The material is in  English ."],"unitid_tesim":["wclgrfx000200"],"normalized_title_ssm":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985"],"collection_title_tesim":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985"],"collection_ssim":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985"],"repository_ssm":["University of Michigan. William L. Clements Library"],"repository_ssim":["University of Michigan. William L. Clements Library"],"creator_ssm":["Tinder, David V."],"creator_ssim":["Tinder, David V."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Tinder, David V."],"creators_ssim":["Tinder, David V."],"acqinfo_ssim":["F-832, F-860, F-861, F-891, F-892, F-893, F-898, F-909, F-911, F-914, F-922, F-938, F-940, F-945, F-961, F-980, F-987, F-1004, F-1005, F-1014,  F-1017, F-1027, F-1028, F-1033, F-1054, F-1066, F-1067, F-1074, F-1076, F-1077, F-1113, F-1114 ."],"access_subjects_ssim":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography.","Photographs shelf.","Actors--Michigan--1900-1910.","Actresses--Michigan--1890-1910.","African American businesspeople--Michigan.","African American children--Portraits--Michigan.","African American choirs--Michigan.","African American churches--Michigan.","African American freemasons--Michigan.","African American judges--Michigan.","African American musicians--Michigan.","African Americans--Societies, etc.--Michigan.","African American students--Michigan.","African American Sunday schools--Michigan.","Agricultural laborers--Michigan.","Airports--Michigan.","Aircraft--Michigan--1930-1940.","Aircraft industry--Michigan.","Air shows--Michigan.","Amateur theater--Michigan.","Amusement parks--Michigan.","Animals on television--Michigan.","Asbestos--Michigan.","Automobile factories--Michigan.","Automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Automobile rallies--Michigan.","Automobiles--Michigan.","Automobiles--Design and construction--Michigan.","Balls (Parties)--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bands (Music)--Michigan.","Banquets--Michigan--1920-1930.","Barbers--Michigan.","Barbershops--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bar mitzvah--Michigan.","Bars (Drinking establishments)--Michigan.","Baseball players--Michigan.","Basketball courts--Michigan.","Basketball players--Michigan.","Beauty shops--Michigan.","Beekeepers--Michigan.","Bicycles \u0026 tricycles--Michigan--1890-1930.","Bicycle stores--Michigan.","Blacksmiths--Michigan.","Blizzards--Michigan.","Boats and boating--Michigan.","Boycotts--Michigan.","Breweries--Michigan.","Breweries--Employees--Michigan.","Brick trade--Michigan.","Bridges--Michigan--Detroit.","Broom and brush industry--Michigan.","Building construction--Michigan--1910-1930.","Buses--Michigan--1930-1940.","Business organizations--Michigan.","Business Schools--Michigan.","Button industry--Michigan.","Cafeterias--Michigan.","Camping--Michigan.","Canoes and canoeing--Michigan.","Carts \u0026 wagons--Michigan--1890-1910","Casinos--Michigan.","Catholic schools--Michigan.","Cemeteries--Michigan.","Chauffeurs--Michigan.","Chemical industry--Michigan.","Children's costumes--Michigan.","Children's parties--Michigan--1890-1900.","Children--Michigan--Portraits.","Children's choirs--Michigan.","Church buildings--Michigan.","Cigar industry--Michigan.","Circus animals--Michigan.","Circus performers--Michigan.","City councils--Michigan--Hamtramck (Mich.)","City halls--Michigan.","Commercial photography--Michigan.","Concert programs--Michigan.","Confirmation--Catholic Church--Michigan.","Construction workers--Michigan.","Coopers and Cooperage--Michigan.","Couples--Michigan--Portraits.","Creameries--Michigan.","Cross-country runners--Michigan.","Curling--Michigan.","Dairying--Michigan.","Delivery of goods--Michigan.","Diving--Michigan--1890-1900.","Docks--Michigan.","Dredges--Michigan.","Drugstores--Michigan.","Dwellings--Michigan.","Engines--Michigan.","Entertainers--Michigan--1900-1910.","Ethnic costume--Romania.","Ethnic groups--Michigan.","Exhibitions--Michigan--1880-1890.","Explosions--Michigan.","Factories--Employees--Michigan.","Factories--Michigan.","Families--Michigan--Portraits.","Fire fighters--Michigan.","Florists--Michigan.","Flour mills--Michigan.","Flower arrangements--Michigan--1920-1940.","Football players--Michigan--1900-1910.","Fraternal organizations--Michigan","Funeral rites \u0026 ceremonies--Michigan--1910-1930","Gardens--Michigan--1900-1910.","Gas power plants--Michigan.","Graduation (School)","Grocery trade--Michigan.","Hardware stores--Michigan.","Hat trade--Michigan.","High school students--Michigan.","Horse-drawn rail cars--Michigan.","Horse racing--Michigan--1920-1930","Hospitals--Michigan--Detroit.","Hotels--Michigan--1870-1890.","Ice industry--Michigan.","Insurance companies--Michigan.","Inventors--Michigan","Jazz musicians--Michigan","Kitchen utensils--Michigan.","Laboratories--Michigan.","Lakes--Michigan.","Libraries--Michigan--Detroit.","Lighthouses--Michigan.","Locomotives--Michigan.","Luggage industry--Michigan.","Mausoleums--Michigan.","Mechanical musical instruments--Michigan.","Men--Michigan--Portraits.","Men--Societies  and clubs--Michigan.","Metalworking industries--Michigan.","Military bands--Michigan.","Motion pictures--Michigan--1930-1940.","Motorboat racing--Michigan.","Music stores--Michigan.","Musicians--Michigan.","Nightclubs--Michigan.","Nursing schools--Michigan.","Occupational training--Michigan.","Offices--Michigan--1910-1930.","Old age homes--Michigan.","Opticians--Michigan.","Paddle steamers--Michigan.","Parade floats--Michigan.","Parades--Michigan.","Parks--Michigan--Detroit.","Photography--Societies, etc--Michigan.","Picnics--Michigan.","Playgrounds--Michigan.","Police--Michigan--Detroit.","Police stations--Michigan.","Political parades \u0026 rallies--Michigan--1900-1920.","Portraits, group--Michigan.","Postmortem photography--Michigan.","Power-plants--Design and construction--Michigan.","Priests--Michigan.","Prisons--Michigan.","Public architecture--Michigan.","Radio broadcasting--Michigan.","Railroad stations--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Design and construction--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Michigan.","Railroads--Employees--Michigan.","Railroads--Michigan.","Residential architecture--Michigan.","Restaurants--Michigan--1920-1930.","Sailors--Michigan.","School children--Michigan.","School buildings--Michigan.","School plays--Michigan.","School yearbooks--Michigan.","Ships--Launching--Michigan.","Ships--Michigan.","Shoes--Repairing--Michigan.","Skyscrapers--Michigan--Detroit.","Soccer players--Michigan--1920-1930","Soldiers--Michigan.","Souvenirs (Keepsakes)--Michigan.","Spanish-American War, 1898--Veterans--Michigan.","Stables--Michigan.","Steamboats--Michigan.","Steel foundries--Michigan.","Stove industry and trade--Michigan.","Street lighting--Michigan.","Street-railroads--Michigan.","Streets--Michigan.","Strikes and lockouts--Automobile industry--Michigan.","String bands--Michigan.","Storefronts--Michigan.","Teeth--Radiography--Michigan.","Television programs--Michigan.","Theaters--Michigan--1910-1920.","Threshing machines--Michigan--1900-1910.","Tour buses--Michigan.","Traffic signs \u0026 signals---Michigan--1930-1950","Train ferries--Michigan.","Trucks--Michigan--1920-1940.","Variety stores--Michigan.","Vocational education--Michigan.","Water mills--Michigan.","Water towers--Michigan.","Waterworks--Michigan.","Weddings--Michigan.","Women automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Women field hockey players--Michigan.","Women figure skaters--Michigan.","Women--Employment--Michigan--1910-1940.","Women--Michigan--Portraits.","Women--Societies and clubs--Michigan.","World War 1914-1918--Michigan.","Clippings.","Cyanotypes.","Documents.","Ephemera.","Pamphlets.","Photocopies.","Photographic prints.","Photomechanical prints.","Postage stamps."],"access_subjects_ssm":["David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography.","Photographs shelf.","Actors--Michigan--1900-1910.","Actresses--Michigan--1890-1910.","African American businesspeople--Michigan.","African American children--Portraits--Michigan.","African American choirs--Michigan.","African American churches--Michigan.","African American freemasons--Michigan.","African American judges--Michigan.","African American musicians--Michigan.","African Americans--Societies, etc.--Michigan.","African American students--Michigan.","African American Sunday schools--Michigan.","Agricultural laborers--Michigan.","Airports--Michigan.","Aircraft--Michigan--1930-1940.","Aircraft industry--Michigan.","Air shows--Michigan.","Amateur theater--Michigan.","Amusement parks--Michigan.","Animals on television--Michigan.","Asbestos--Michigan.","Automobile factories--Michigan.","Automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Automobile rallies--Michigan.","Automobiles--Michigan.","Automobiles--Design and construction--Michigan.","Balls (Parties)--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bands (Music)--Michigan.","Banquets--Michigan--1920-1930.","Barbers--Michigan.","Barbershops--Michigan--1910-1920.","Bar mitzvah--Michigan.","Bars (Drinking establishments)--Michigan.","Baseball players--Michigan.","Basketball courts--Michigan.","Basketball players--Michigan.","Beauty shops--Michigan.","Beekeepers--Michigan.","Bicycles \u0026 tricycles--Michigan--1890-1930.","Bicycle stores--Michigan.","Blacksmiths--Michigan.","Blizzards--Michigan.","Boats and boating--Michigan.","Boycotts--Michigan.","Breweries--Michigan.","Breweries--Employees--Michigan.","Brick trade--Michigan.","Bridges--Michigan--Detroit.","Broom and brush industry--Michigan.","Building construction--Michigan--1910-1930.","Buses--Michigan--1930-1940.","Business organizations--Michigan.","Business Schools--Michigan.","Button industry--Michigan.","Cafeterias--Michigan.","Camping--Michigan.","Canoes and canoeing--Michigan.","Carts \u0026 wagons--Michigan--1890-1910","Casinos--Michigan.","Catholic schools--Michigan.","Cemeteries--Michigan.","Chauffeurs--Michigan.","Chemical industry--Michigan.","Children's costumes--Michigan.","Children's parties--Michigan--1890-1900.","Children--Michigan--Portraits.","Children's choirs--Michigan.","Church buildings--Michigan.","Cigar industry--Michigan.","Circus animals--Michigan.","Circus performers--Michigan.","City councils--Michigan--Hamtramck (Mich.)","City halls--Michigan.","Commercial photography--Michigan.","Concert programs--Michigan.","Confirmation--Catholic Church--Michigan.","Construction workers--Michigan.","Coopers and Cooperage--Michigan.","Couples--Michigan--Portraits.","Creameries--Michigan.","Cross-country runners--Michigan.","Curling--Michigan.","Dairying--Michigan.","Delivery of goods--Michigan.","Diving--Michigan--1890-1900.","Docks--Michigan.","Dredges--Michigan.","Drugstores--Michigan.","Dwellings--Michigan.","Engines--Michigan.","Entertainers--Michigan--1900-1910.","Ethnic costume--Romania.","Ethnic groups--Michigan.","Exhibitions--Michigan--1880-1890.","Explosions--Michigan.","Factories--Employees--Michigan.","Factories--Michigan.","Families--Michigan--Portraits.","Fire fighters--Michigan.","Florists--Michigan.","Flour mills--Michigan.","Flower arrangements--Michigan--1920-1940.","Football players--Michigan--1900-1910.","Fraternal organizations--Michigan","Funeral rites \u0026 ceremonies--Michigan--1910-1930","Gardens--Michigan--1900-1910.","Gas power plants--Michigan.","Graduation (School)","Grocery trade--Michigan.","Hardware stores--Michigan.","Hat trade--Michigan.","High school students--Michigan.","Horse-drawn rail cars--Michigan.","Horse racing--Michigan--1920-1930","Hospitals--Michigan--Detroit.","Hotels--Michigan--1870-1890.","Ice industry--Michigan.","Insurance companies--Michigan.","Inventors--Michigan","Jazz musicians--Michigan","Kitchen utensils--Michigan.","Laboratories--Michigan.","Lakes--Michigan.","Libraries--Michigan--Detroit.","Lighthouses--Michigan.","Locomotives--Michigan.","Luggage industry--Michigan.","Mausoleums--Michigan.","Mechanical musical instruments--Michigan.","Men--Michigan--Portraits.","Men--Societies  and clubs--Michigan.","Metalworking industries--Michigan.","Military bands--Michigan.","Motion pictures--Michigan--1930-1940.","Motorboat racing--Michigan.","Music stores--Michigan.","Musicians--Michigan.","Nightclubs--Michigan.","Nursing schools--Michigan.","Occupational training--Michigan.","Offices--Michigan--1910-1930.","Old age homes--Michigan.","Opticians--Michigan.","Paddle steamers--Michigan.","Parade floats--Michigan.","Parades--Michigan.","Parks--Michigan--Detroit.","Photography--Societies, etc--Michigan.","Picnics--Michigan.","Playgrounds--Michigan.","Police--Michigan--Detroit.","Police stations--Michigan.","Political parades \u0026 rallies--Michigan--1900-1920.","Portraits, group--Michigan.","Postmortem photography--Michigan.","Power-plants--Design and construction--Michigan.","Priests--Michigan.","Prisons--Michigan.","Public architecture--Michigan.","Radio broadcasting--Michigan.","Railroad stations--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Design and construction--Michigan.","Railroad tunnels--Michigan.","Railroads--Employees--Michigan.","Railroads--Michigan.","Residential architecture--Michigan.","Restaurants--Michigan--1920-1930.","Sailors--Michigan.","School children--Michigan.","School buildings--Michigan.","School plays--Michigan.","School yearbooks--Michigan.","Ships--Launching--Michigan.","Ships--Michigan.","Shoes--Repairing--Michigan.","Skyscrapers--Michigan--Detroit.","Soccer players--Michigan--1920-1930","Soldiers--Michigan.","Souvenirs (Keepsakes)--Michigan.","Spanish-American War, 1898--Veterans--Michigan.","Stables--Michigan.","Steamboats--Michigan.","Steel foundries--Michigan.","Stove industry and trade--Michigan.","Street lighting--Michigan.","Street-railroads--Michigan.","Streets--Michigan.","Strikes and lockouts--Automobile industry--Michigan.","String bands--Michigan.","Storefronts--Michigan.","Teeth--Radiography--Michigan.","Television programs--Michigan.","Theaters--Michigan--1910-1920.","Threshing machines--Michigan--1900-1910.","Tour buses--Michigan.","Traffic signs \u0026 signals---Michigan--1930-1950","Train ferries--Michigan.","Trucks--Michigan--1920-1940.","Variety stores--Michigan.","Vocational education--Michigan.","Water mills--Michigan.","Water towers--Michigan.","Waterworks--Michigan.","Weddings--Michigan.","Women automobile industry workers--Michigan.","Women field hockey players--Michigan.","Women figure skaters--Michigan.","Women--Employment--Michigan--1910-1940.","Women--Michigan--Portraits.","Women--Societies and clubs--Michigan.","World War 1914-1918--Michigan.","Clippings.","Cyanotypes.","Documents.","Ephemera.","Pamphlets.","Photocopies.","Photographic prints.","Photomechanical prints.","Postage stamps."],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["1,937 photographs, 16 real photo stamps, 6 booklets, 101 pages, clippings and ephemera"],"extent_tesim":["1,937 photographs, 16 real photo stamps, 6 booklets, 101 pages, clippings and ephemera"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe city of Detroit and its vast metropolitan area has dominated the Wayne County area for centuries. Detroit was founded in 1701 as a French settlement with access to the Great Lakes and Canada and quickly became a strategic military post and trade center. It transferred to British control in 1760 during the Seven Years War and to United States governance in 1796. It became a chartered city in 1802, the capitol of the Michigan Territory in 1805, and Michigan’s first State Capital from 1837 to 1847. The city grew with an economy based largely on agriculture and trade in the early 19th century, becoming one of the nation’s prime manufacturing and cultural centers after the Civil War. Large industries based in the region included railroad equipment manufacturing, ship building, iron and steel production, stoves, pharmaceuticals, brewing, wagon making, and many others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe industrial strength of Detroit created a large middle-class society as well as vast wealth. In turn, this affluence supported cultural advancement, education, and the arts. Commercial photography studios thrived in this environment. Many prize-winning portrait photographers were based in Detroit, as were those specializing in architecture, and the documentation of industry and commerce.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe diversity of industry of late 19th century Detroit gave way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. The boom in wartime production during World War Two attracted workers from around the country and shifted the racial demographics of the city.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collapse of manufacturing industries, the disappearance of public transportation, and massive population shifts to the suburbs were factors in the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The city of Detroit and its vast metropolitan area has dominated the Wayne County area for centuries. Detroit was founded in 1701 as a French settlement with access to the Great Lakes and Canada and quickly became a strategic military post and trade center. It transferred to British control in 1760 during the Seven Years War and to United States governance in 1796. It became a chartered city in 1802, the capitol of the Michigan Territory in 1805, and Michigan’s first State Capital from 1837 to 1847. The city grew with an economy based largely on agriculture and trade in the early 19th century, becoming one of the nation’s prime manufacturing and cultural centers after the Civil War. Large industries based in the region included railroad equipment manufacturing, ship building, iron and steel production, stoves, pharmaceuticals, brewing, wagon making, and many others.","The industrial strength of Detroit created a large middle-class society as well as vast wealth. In turn, this affluence supported cultural advancement, education, and the arts. Commercial photography studios thrived in this environment. Many prize-winning portrait photographers were based in Detroit, as were those specializing in architecture, and the documentation of industry and commerce.","The diversity of industry of late 19th century Detroit gave way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. The boom in wartime production during World War Two attracted workers from around the country and shifted the racial demographics of the city.","The collapse of manufacturing industries, the disappearance of public transportation, and massive population shifts to the suburbs were factors in the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncluded in the Wayne County file of the David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography are images of urban Detroit, people in their places of work, at home, at leisure, and participating in social activities and in fraternal and religious organizations. Numerous images show industrial manufacturing, urban transportation, and civic infrastructure. Activities related to entertainment, sports, parades, and the arts are well represented. The many portraits photographs include formal posed images, casual snapshots, workplace groups and fraternal organizations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA vast majority of the photographs are the work of commercial photographers, with some amateurs. A significant number of photos were taken by Detroit News and Detroit Free Press photographers. Almost all the images present would be considered vernacular photos rather than fine art; however, many are carefully composed with strong aesthetic characteristics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough the photos have been largely sorted by subject, related materials may be present outside of the subject categories, i.e., images of transportation can also be found in the categories Architecture, Business and Commerce, Group Portraits, and in other sections outside of Transportation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the photos in this collection were taken in Detroit during the era of rapid population growth and industrial development around the turn of the century. The diversity of industry that appears in the late 19th century images can be seen giving way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. Evidence of the rich residential lifestyles and multi-ethnic cultures of the Detroit area appear in many images.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the fringe of the collection’s scope are images of the demolition of factories, the disappearance of public transportation, and racial unrest during the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIt should be noted that while most of the collection are mounted and unmounted photographic prints, there are a few bound items as well as printed ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection has been organized into various categories by subject. The first group of photos is comprised of those that did not fit neatly under other categories. These include views of military encampments, disasters and firefighting, civic unrest, commercial product promotions, and other miscellaneous topics. Of particular note is a charming outdoor children’s party scene by amateur photographer Robert R. Oesterreich (no. 9); a double portrait montage by Tony Spina of John F. Kennedy and Robert F. Kennedy, both speaking at Campus Martius (no. 14); the high quality photomechanical prints of Detroit scenes and architecture in the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDetroit Illustrated.\u003c/emph\u003e (no. 16); and a collection of 28 miscellaneous nightclub souvenir photographs dating from the 1940s-1980s (no. 20). The rest of the material falls under the following categories:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eTransportation:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e243 photographs. Material is divided between the following sub-categories: Automobiles and Trucks (56 photographs), Aircraft (18 photographs), Railroads and Trains (58 photographs), Streetcars and Trolleys (20 photographs), Roads and Infrastructure (33 photographs), Wagons (20 photographs), Maritime (38 photographs).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOf note are a photograph of an African American couple posed with a new V-8 Ford (no. 71.3); construction photos of the Detroit River railroad tunnel (no. 95); Goebel’s Brewing Co. delivery wagons (no. 98); and a view of the steamboat \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTashmoo\u003c/emph\u003e at speed on the Detroit River (no. 110).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003ePerformers:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e107 photographs, most of which (113 photographs) are contained in the sub-category Music and Musicians. Of particular note are numerous photos of community brass bands, a photo of John Philip Sousa and his band at Grand Circus Park (no. 122); an image of the inventor Charles Crawford and his patented \"Pickaphone\" mechanism for playing stringed instruments, ca. 1888 (no. 123); and copy prints of two important early jazz bands, Finney’s Orchestra (no. 131) and McKinney’s Cotton Pickers (no. 132).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003ePortraits:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e505 photographs. Material is divided into the following sub-categories: Individuals (172 photographs), Groups (133 photographs), Children (97 photographs), Weddings (64 photographs), Confirmation and Communion (41 photographs). Of particular interest are a photograph of Joan Baxter and her Hot Dog Cooker (no. 137); three 1860's portraits of members of the Hawley family of Detroit (no. 141), one of which is inscribed with enlargement instructions ca.1901 on its verso; and a portrait of politician and founder of the Republican Party Zachariah Chandler, taken by Benjamin Powelson ca. 1880 (no. 142).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOf the many notable images within the Groups category are an outstanding image of sixteen Packard Motor Car Company employees piled onto a 1911 Packard in front of the then new Packard factory on West Grand Blvd. (no. 144.9); a group of African American women engaged in a ceremonial burning of the mortgage of the Phyllis Wheatley Home for Aged Colored Ladies (no. 162); and a portrait of members of the Direct Credits Society, a Great Depression-era wealth redistribution movement founded by Alfred Lawson (no. 166).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eParades:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e54 photographs. Many scenes of massive parades in Detroit. Of note is a series of photographs of women marching in a racially-integrated United Spanish War Veterans Parade, ca.1940 (no. 179); and a view of five young women in a florally decorated early automobile (no. 180.11).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eBusiness \u0026amp; Commerce:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e319 photographs. Where possible, material has been divided into the following sub-categories: Business Exteriors (52 photographs), Business Interiors (125 photographs), Construction (22 photographs), Ford Motor Company (19 photographs). Of note is an image of a group of brewers tapping a keg at the Marx Brewing Co. (no. 186.1); Candler Dock \u0026amp; Dredge Co. workers and surveyors building a dock, taken by the Manning Bros. ca 1920s (no. 192); women rolling cigars at the R.G. Dunn factory, 1909 (no. 204); workers fabricating automobile bodies at the Briggs Manufacturing Co. ca. 1910s (no. 206);interior view of the Burroughs Adding Machine factory (no 209.11); the Penobscot Building construction in three stages ca 1928 (no. 217); and two fold-out panoramic photos of the Ford complex at River Rouge taken by Otto Rotch in 1925 (no. 218).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eViews:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e86 photographs. Material is divided into Street Views (28 photographs), Residential Views (51 photographs), and Aerial Views (7 photographs).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eArchitecture:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e69 photographs. Of particular note is a charming view of a small inn at Springwells, Mich., the International Exposition House ca. 1889 (no. 235); an 1870's print of the large Russell House Hotel in Detroit (no. 238); and a panoramic view of downtown Detroit at its peak, taken by the Murray Studio in the 1920s (no. 240.18).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eLabor \u0026amp; Unemployment:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8 photographs primarily focused on unemployment during the Great Depression. Of note is a group photo of the striking Journeyman Bakers International Union in 1902 (no. 248).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eAthletes \u0026amp; Athletics:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e58 photographs. Of particular note are a copy-print of a 1910 Detroit Tigers team photo featuring Hall of Famer Ty Cobb (no. 261); a series of 3 group photographs of an early soccer team, Michigan Alkali F.C. in 1923 (no. 265); Wyandotte baseball teams (no. 266);. The Slocum’s Island baseball champions of 1882 (no. 272.4); and a 1943 curling team (no. 273).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eClassrooms \u0026amp; Schools:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e38 photographs. Of particular interest are a student group in front of a one-room schoolhouse at Cherry Hill in 1934 (no. 280.11); a kindergarten band at Clippert School taken by the Manning Bros. (no. 280.20); and a ca.1936 Lincoln Park High School album with personal snapshots and autographs of classmates (no. 279).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003ePlaces of Worship \u0026amp; Religious Activities:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e43 photographs. One of several images related to African American church congregations shows members of an A.M.E. church dressed in \"traditional\" African garb ca.1920-1930 (no. 284).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eParks:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e112 photographs. Of particular focus is Belle Isle (approx. 50 photographs) and Waterworks Park. A series of Belle Isle views taken in 1889 by Holcombe \u0026amp; Metzen is particularly picturesque (no. 297.1-9).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eFunerals \u0026amp; Postmortem Photography:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e14 photographs. These photographs date from the 1910s-1930s and are mostly photographs of open caskets surrounded by the deceased's family.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Included in the Wayne County file of the David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography are images of urban Detroit, people in their places of work, at home, at leisure, and participating in social activities and in fraternal and religious organizations. Numerous images show industrial manufacturing, urban transportation, and civic infrastructure. Activities related to entertainment, sports, parades, and the arts are well represented. The many portraits photographs include formal posed images, casual snapshots, workplace groups and fraternal organizations.","A vast majority of the photographs are the work of commercial photographers, with some amateurs. A significant number of photos were taken by Detroit News and Detroit Free Press photographers. Almost all the images present would be considered vernacular photos rather than fine art; however, many are carefully composed with strong aesthetic characteristics.","Although the photos have been largely sorted by subject, related materials may be present outside of the subject categories, i.e., images of transportation can also be found in the categories Architecture, Business and Commerce, Group Portraits, and in other sections outside of Transportation.","The bulk of the photos in this collection were taken in Detroit during the era of rapid population growth and industrial development around the turn of the century. The diversity of industry that appears in the late 19th century images can be seen giving way to automobile centered growth in the mid-20th century. Evidence of the rich residential lifestyles and multi-ethnic cultures of the Detroit area appear in many images.","At the fringe of the collection’s scope are images of the demolition of factories, the disappearance of public transportation, and racial unrest during the decline of Detroit in the mid to late 20th century.","It should be noted that while most of the collection are mounted and unmounted photographic prints, there are a few bound items as well as printed ephemera.","The collection has been organized into various categories by subject. The first group of photos is comprised of those that did not fit neatly under other categories. These include views of military encampments, disasters and firefighting, civic unrest, commercial product promotions, and other miscellaneous topics. Of particular note is a charming outdoor children’s party scene by amateur photographer Robert R. Oesterreich (no. 9); a double portrait montage by Tony Spina of John F. Kennedy and Robert F. Kennedy, both speaking at Campus Martius (no. 14); the high quality photomechanical prints of Detroit scenes and architecture in the  Detroit Illustrated.  (no. 16); and a collection of 28 miscellaneous nightclub souvenir photographs dating from the 1940s-1980s (no. 20). The rest of the material falls under the following categories:","Transportation: 243 photographs. Material is divided between the following sub-categories: Automobiles and Trucks (56 photographs), Aircraft (18 photographs), Railroads and Trains (58 photographs), Streetcars and Trolleys (20 photographs), Roads and Infrastructure (33 photographs), Wagons (20 photographs), Maritime (38 photographs).","Of note are a photograph of an African American couple posed with a new V-8 Ford (no. 71.3); construction photos of the Detroit River railroad tunnel (no. 95); Goebel’s Brewing Co. delivery wagons (no. 98); and a view of the steamboat  Tashmoo  at speed on the Detroit River (no. 110).","Performers: 107 photographs, most of which (113 photographs) are contained in the sub-category Music and Musicians. Of particular note are numerous photos of community brass bands, a photo of John Philip Sousa and his band at Grand Circus Park (no. 122); an image of the inventor Charles Crawford and his patented \"Pickaphone\" mechanism for playing stringed instruments, ca. 1888 (no. 123); and copy prints of two important early jazz bands, Finney’s Orchestra (no. 131) and McKinney’s Cotton Pickers (no. 132).","Portraits: 505 photographs. Material is divided into the following sub-categories: Individuals (172 photographs), Groups (133 photographs), Children (97 photographs), Weddings (64 photographs), Confirmation and Communion (41 photographs). Of particular interest are a photograph of Joan Baxter and her Hot Dog Cooker (no. 137); three 1860's portraits of members of the Hawley family of Detroit (no. 141), one of which is inscribed with enlargement instructions ca.1901 on its verso; and a portrait of politician and founder of the Republican Party Zachariah Chandler, taken by Benjamin Powelson ca. 1880 (no. 142).","Of the many notable images within the Groups category are an outstanding image of sixteen Packard Motor Car Company employees piled onto a 1911 Packard in front of the then new Packard factory on West Grand Blvd. (no. 144.9); a group of African American women engaged in a ceremonial burning of the mortgage of the Phyllis Wheatley Home for Aged Colored Ladies (no. 162); and a portrait of members of the Direct Credits Society, a Great Depression-era wealth redistribution movement founded by Alfred Lawson (no. 166).","Parades: 54 photographs. Many scenes of massive parades in Detroit. Of note is a series of photographs of women marching in a racially-integrated United Spanish War Veterans Parade, ca.1940 (no. 179); and a view of five young women in a florally decorated early automobile (no. 180.11).","Business \u0026 Commerce: 319 photographs. Where possible, material has been divided into the following sub-categories: Business Exteriors (52 photographs), Business Interiors (125 photographs), Construction (22 photographs), Ford Motor Company (19 photographs). Of note is an image of a group of brewers tapping a keg at the Marx Brewing Co. (no. 186.1); Candler Dock \u0026 Dredge Co. workers and surveyors building a dock, taken by the Manning Bros. ca 1920s (no. 192); women rolling cigars at the R.G. Dunn factory, 1909 (no. 204); workers fabricating automobile bodies at the Briggs Manufacturing Co. ca. 1910s (no. 206);interior view of the Burroughs Adding Machine factory (no 209.11); the Penobscot Building construction in three stages ca 1928 (no. 217); and two fold-out panoramic photos of the Ford complex at River Rouge taken by Otto Rotch in 1925 (no. 218).","Views: 86 photographs. Material is divided into Street Views (28 photographs), Residential Views (51 photographs), and Aerial Views (7 photographs).","Architecture: 69 photographs. Of particular note is a charming view of a small inn at Springwells, Mich., the International Exposition House ca. 1889 (no. 235); an 1870's print of the large Russell House Hotel in Detroit (no. 238); and a panoramic view of downtown Detroit at its peak, taken by the Murray Studio in the 1920s (no. 240.18).","Labor \u0026 Unemployment: 8 photographs primarily focused on unemployment during the Great Depression. Of note is a group photo of the striking Journeyman Bakers International Union in 1902 (no. 248).","Athletes \u0026 Athletics: 58 photographs. Of particular note are a copy-print of a 1910 Detroit Tigers team photo featuring Hall of Famer Ty Cobb (no. 261); a series of 3 group photographs of an early soccer team, Michigan Alkali F.C. in 1923 (no. 265); Wyandotte baseball teams (no. 266);. The Slocum’s Island baseball champions of 1882 (no. 272.4); and a 1943 curling team (no. 273).","Classrooms \u0026 Schools: 38 photographs. Of particular interest are a student group in front of a one-room schoolhouse at Cherry Hill in 1934 (no. 280.11); a kindergarten band at Clippert School taken by the Manning Bros. (no. 280.20); and a ca.1936 Lincoln Park High School album with personal snapshots and autographs of classmates (no. 279).","Places of Worship \u0026 Religious Activities: 43 photographs. One of several images related to African American church congregations shows members of an A.M.E. church dressed in \"traditional\" African garb ca.1920-1930 (no. 284).","Parks: 112 photographs. Of particular focus is Belle Isle (approx. 50 photographs) and Waterworks Park. A series of Belle Isle views taken in 1889 by Holcombe \u0026 Metzen is particularly picturesque (no. 297.1-9).","Funerals \u0026 Postmortem Photography: 14 photographs. These photographs date from the 1910s-1930s and are mostly photographs of open caskets surrounded by the deceased's family."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract\u003eThe collection contains photographs of Wayne County, Michigan. Included are numerous urban scenes and images of everyday life, primarily in the Metropolitan Detroit area between 1860 and the mid-20th century. The bulk of the photographs were taken between 1890 and 1930. A very wide range of topics is represented, among them commercial and residential architecture, urban infrastructure, public and private spaces, civic and domestic activities, individual and group portraits, and events from across the social spectrum.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains photographs of Wayne County, Michigan. Included are numerous urban scenes and images of everyday life, primarily in the Metropolitan Detroit area between 1860 and the mid-20th century. The bulk of the photographs were taken between 1890 and 1930. A very wide range of topics is represented, among them commercial and residential architecture, urban infrastructure, public and private spaces, civic and domestic activities, individual and group portraits, and events from across the social spectrum."],"names_ssim":["William L. Clements Library , University of Michigan","American Red Cross.","Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine for North America.","BASF Wyandotte Corporation.","Cartercar Co.","Catholic Church--Clergy--Michigan.","Detroit College of Medicine.","Detroit Institute of Arts.","Detroit Museum of Art.","Detroit Opera House.","Detroit Red Wings (Hockey team)","Detroit Symphony Orchestra.","Detroit, Toledo and Ironton Railroad.","Dodge Brothers.","Ford Motor Company.","Ford Motor Company--Employees.","Ford Motor Company. Rouge River Plant.","Ford Rotunda (Dearborn, Mich.)","General Motors Corporation.","Henry Ford Museum and Greenfield Village.","Hudson's (Department store)","International Union, United Automobile Workers of America (CIO)","Journeymen Bakers National Union of the United States.","Knights of Pythias.","Knights Templar (Masonic order)","Michigan Central Railroad Company.","Michigan. National Guard.","Michigan Stove Company.","Tiger Stadium (Detroit, Mich.)","United States. Army--Recruiting, enlistment, etc.--Michigan.","United States. Army. Reserve Officers' Training Corps.","YMCA of the USA.","Young Women's Christian Association.","Agdan Photographic.","Alliance Commercial Photo Co.","Alvord \u0026 Co.","American Commercial Photo Co.","Arthur Studio.","Babas Studio.","Baker Art Studio.","Baker Studio.","Ballaun Studio.","Bonish Studio.","Brown \u0026 Co.","Charles Hopp \u0026 Co.","Club Photos Inc.","Commercial Photo Service Co.","Cousins Art Studio.","Davison Photo Studio.","Deluxe Theatrical Studio.","Detroit Edison Co.","Detroit News Staff.","Fotografia Italiana (G. Lanni \u0026 Co.)","General Motors Photographic Section.","Harbican Studio.","Hoffman Studio.","Holcombe \u0026 Metzen.","Holgate Studio.","Huntington \u0026 Clark.","Litynski-Jakubowski Co.","MacGregor and Company.","Manning Bros.","Metropolitan Art Studio.","Modernistic Photo Studio.","New Chene Studio.","P. Pieronek Studio.","Rembrandt Studios.","Rentschler's Studio.","Smart Set Studio.","Smith Brothers Commerical Photographers.","Spencer \u0026 Wyckoff.","Spooner \u0026 Wells, Inc.","Tiffany Photographic Studio.","Ziawinski Bros.","Tinder, David V.","Grant, Ulysses S. (Ulysses Simpson), 1822-1885--Homes and haunts.","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963.","Kennedy, Robert F., 1925-1968.","Robeson, Paul, 1898-1976.","Sousa, John Philip, 1854-1932.","Arthur, Edward J.","Baker, Chas. R.","Ball, Lyman L.","Baron, Herman.","Blanchard, Issac H.","Bleibel, Gustav.","Bowles, Esther A., Mrs.","Burose, Herman.","Cheff, Edmund Archael.","Craine, Benjamin H.","Hayes, Clarence Messenger.","Hediger, James D.","Hillmer, Davis B.","Hoffman, Clarence L.","Howie, George William.","Hughes, John Wesley.","Jackson, Harvey C.","James, Langford P.","Jones, J. F.","Lazarnick, Nathan.","Litynski, Walter E.","Mazur, Anthony","McMichael, A.G.","Merz, Charles J.","Mirecki, Albert J.","Phelps, C.A. (New Castle, IN)","Pipp, Frank H.","Poli, Faustino G.","Pollard, C.H.","Rentschler, Andrew.","Rochowiak, Stanley A.","Rotch, Otto.","Salter, Al.","Sowinski, Joseph.","Spellman, Delmar Driscoe.","Stone, Frank H.","Tomlinson, Frank N.","Wiederhold, John A.","Wright, Fred G.","Ziawinski, Felix.","Ziawinski, Joseph."],"corpname_ssim":["William L. Clements Library , University of Michigan","American Red Cross.","Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine for North America.","BASF Wyandotte Corporation.","Cartercar Co.","Catholic Church--Clergy--Michigan.","Detroit College of Medicine.","Detroit Institute of Arts.","Detroit Museum of Art.","Detroit Opera House.","Detroit Red Wings (Hockey team)","Detroit Symphony Orchestra.","Detroit, Toledo and Ironton Railroad.","Dodge Brothers.","Ford Motor Company.","Ford Motor Company--Employees.","Ford Motor Company. Rouge River Plant.","Ford Rotunda (Dearborn, Mich.)","General Motors Corporation.","Henry Ford Museum and Greenfield Village.","Hudson's (Department store)","International Union, United Automobile Workers of America (CIO)","Journeymen Bakers National Union of the United States.","Knights of Pythias.","Knights Templar (Masonic order)","Michigan Central Railroad Company.","Michigan. National Guard.","Michigan Stove Company.","Tiger Stadium (Detroit, Mich.)","United States. Army--Recruiting, enlistment, etc.--Michigan.","United States. Army. Reserve Officers' Training Corps.","YMCA of the USA.","Young Women's Christian Association.","Agdan Photographic.","Alliance Commercial Photo Co.","Alvord \u0026 Co.","American Commercial Photo Co.","Arthur Studio.","Babas Studio.","Baker Art Studio.","Baker Studio.","Ballaun Studio.","Bonish Studio.","Brown \u0026 Co.","Charles Hopp \u0026 Co.","Club Photos Inc.","Commercial Photo Service Co.","Cousins Art Studio.","Davison Photo Studio.","Deluxe Theatrical Studio.","Detroit Edison Co.","Detroit News Staff.","Fotografia Italiana (G. Lanni \u0026 Co.)","General Motors Photographic Section.","Harbican Studio.","Hoffman Studio.","Holcombe \u0026 Metzen.","Holgate Studio.","Huntington \u0026 Clark.","Litynski-Jakubowski Co.","MacGregor and Company.","Manning Bros.","Metropolitan Art Studio.","Modernistic Photo Studio.","New Chene Studio.","P. Pieronek Studio.","Rembrandt Studios.","Rentschler's Studio.","Smart Set Studio.","Smith Brothers Commerical Photographers.","Spencer \u0026 Wyckoff.","Spooner \u0026 Wells, Inc.","Tiffany Photographic Studio.","Ziawinski Bros."],"persname_ssim":["Tinder, David V.","Grant, Ulysses S. (Ulysses Simpson), 1822-1885--Homes and haunts.","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963.","Kennedy, Robert F., 1925-1968.","Robeson, Paul, 1898-1976.","Sousa, John Philip, 1854-1932.","Arthur, Edward J.","Baker, Chas. R.","Ball, Lyman L.","Baron, Herman.","Blanchard, Issac H.","Bleibel, Gustav.","Bowles, Esther A., Mrs.","Burose, Herman.","Cheff, Edmund Archael.","Craine, Benjamin H.","Hayes, Clarence Messenger.","Hediger, James D.","Hillmer, Davis B.","Hoffman, Clarence L.","Howie, George William.","Hughes, John Wesley.","Jackson, Harvey C.","James, Langford P.","Jones, J. F.","Lazarnick, Nathan.","Litynski, Walter E.","Mazur, Anthony","McMichael, A.G.","Merz, Charles J.","Mirecki, Albert J.","Phelps, C.A. (New Castle, IN)","Pipp, Frank H.","Poli, Faustino G.","Pollard, C.H.","Rentschler, Andrew.","Rochowiak, Stanley A.","Rotch, Otto.","Salter, Al.","Sowinski, Joseph.","Spellman, Delmar Driscoe.","Stone, Frank H.","Tomlinson, Frank N.","Wiederhold, John A.","Wright, Fred G.","Ziawinski, Felix.","Ziawinski, Joseph."],"language_ssim":["The material is in  English ."],"descrules_ssm":["Finding aid prepared using Describing Archives: A Content Standard (DACS)"],"total_component_count_is":365,"online_item_count_is":15,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"umich-wcl-G-tind-0083","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:25:22.393Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/umich-wcl-G-tind-0083_al_a062ae4b29bc7d492728ca5ce423dde89302c256"}},{"id":"VAB9846_VAB9846-00037","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"5. AAAMC Production Materials,  2009 March-2010 January","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/VAB9846_VAB9846-00037#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"VAB9846-00037","ref_ssm":["VAB9846-00037","VAB9846-00037"],"id":"VAB9846_VAB9846-00037","title_filing_ssi":"5. AAAMC Production Materials,  2009 March-2010 January","title_ssm":["5. AAAMC Production Materials,  2009 March-2010 January"],"title_tesim":["5. AAAMC Production Materials,  2009 March-2010 January"],"normalized_title_ssm":["5. AAAMC Production Materials,  2009 March-2010 January"],"text":["5. AAAMC Production Materials,  2009 March-2010 January","Reclaiming the Right to Rock : Black\n                Experiences in Rock Music Collection, 2008-2010"],"component_level_isim":[1],"parent_ssim":["VAB9846"],"parent_ssi":"VAB9846","parent_ids_ssim":["VAB9846"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Reclaiming the Right to Rock : Black\n                Experiences in Rock Music Collection, 2008-2010"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Reclaiming the Right to Rock : Black\n                Experiences in Rock Music Collection, 2008-2010"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection"],"repository_ssim":["Indiana University, Archives of African American Music and Culture (AAAMC)"],"collection_ssim":["Reclaiming the Right to Rock : Black\n                Experiences in Rock Music Collection, 2008-2010"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":4,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":37,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to the public. MiniDV videocassettes require the creation of\n                reference copies. If you are interested in viewing the contents of the miniDVs,\n                please contact the AAAMC staff well in advance of your visit for details."],"persname_ssim":["Cooper, Tyron","Tillery, Linda","Cooper, Tyron","Mahon, Maureen"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4","_nest_parent_":"VAB9846","_root_":"VAB9846","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:03:22.038Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"VAB9846","title_ssm":["Reclaiming the Right to Rock : Black\n                Experiences in Rock Music Collection"],"title_tesim":["Reclaiming the Right to Rock : Black\n                Experiences in Rock Music Collection"],"ead_ssi":"VAB9846","unitdate_ssm":["2008-2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["2008-2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC\n                151"],"text":["SC\n                151","Reclaiming the Right to Rock : Black\n                Experiences in Rock Music Collection, 2008-2010","African American rock\n                                musicians--Interviews","Music and race","Rock music--History and criticism","Sound recording industry","African Americans--Music","Rock concerts","Racism--United States","This collection is open to the public. MiniDV videocassettes require the creation of\n                reference copies. If you are interested in viewing the contents of the miniDVs,\n                please contact the AAAMC staff well in advance of your visit for details.","Arranged in five series:  Series 1. Conference Sessions Series 2. One-on-One Interviews Series 3. Conference-Related Events Series 4. Miscellaneous Audiovisual Materials Series 5. AAAMC Production Materials","Kandia Crazy Horse (panelist/interviewee):  Raised on a\n                variety of music, from P-Funk to Supertramp, electric guitar evangelism to country\n                and western, D.C. native Kandia Crazy Horse has worked as a rock critic for over a\n                decade. Crazy Horse began writing, in her words, \"simply because I could ‘speak so\n                well’ like Colin Powell; read and write; and had a favorite band throughout the '90s\n                that got awful press and a lot of disdain: the Black Crowes. As a New Southerner\n                with a brain, I figured it was my job to champion them because they made great Black\n                music.\" The Brooklyn-based writer was formerly the music editor at Creative Loafing\n                in Charlotte, N.C., and has contributed to numerous publications, including  Paper ,  Harp ,  Village Voice ,  Popmatters.com , and the  San Francisco Bay\n                    Guardian . She supported Afrofuturism by editing  Rip It Up : The Black Experience in Rock 'n' Roll  (2004), noted for\n                being \"an eclectic mix of interviews and essays on Black rock 'n' roll--filled with\n                fascinating information and provocative ideas.\" Crazy Horse was the 2008-2009\n                Anschutz Distinguished Fellow in American Studies at Princeton University, where she\n                taught the course \"Roll over Beethoven : Black Rock \u0026 Cultural Revolt,\" and\n                organized and mounted a Southern rock symposium titled  Radio\n                    Free Dixie-- or, De Dirty South Brokedown . Crazy Horse challenges Black\n                readers to take pride in the history of Black rock, to \"attempt to conserve it,\n                don't just fritter it away and then lament it being lost forever after.\"","Rob Fields (panelist/interviewee):  Self-described \"Black\n                rock evangelist\" Rob Fields writes about Black rock and Black culture on his blog\n                     Bold as Love , which focuses on exploring,\n                celebrating and evangelizing the growing music genre known as Black rock, Afro-punk\n                or urban alternative (URB ALT). In conjunction with his blog, he runs a live event\n                series,  Bold as Live , which creates new opportunities\n                for audiences to discover Black rock through shows, lectures, and discussions. He\n                has worked professionally in the Black rock scene since the early 1990s, when he\n                became Director of PR for the Black Rock Coalition. Following this, he went into\n                artist management, working for Capitol Records and representing alternative Black\n                artists such as trombonist Josh Roseman and M-Base cofounder Graham Haynes. With his\n                background in marketing, Rob's interest lies in providing context for audiences\n                (particularly Black audiences) to understand and enjoy what they're hearing in Black\n                rock, and to help Black rock artists find ways to make Black rock matter in the\n                marketplace. Rob has been a guest several times on NPR, and was a panelist at the\n                2009 SXSW Music Conference. ","Reebee Garofalo (moderator/interviewer)  is author of\n                     Rockin Out : Popular Music in the USA  and has\n                been a professor at the College of Public and Community Service at U Mass Boston\n                since 1978. He is also affiliated with the American Studies Program. Professor\n                Garofalo is an internationally known scholar of popular music studies who has\n                written numerous articles on music and politics, racism, censorship, and the\n                globalization of the music industry and has lectured widely on a broad range of\n                subjects relating to the operations of the music industry. At CPCS he has been\n                spearheading the Community Media and Technology Major—a cutting edge media and\n                technology program designed to encourage a combination of technical proficiency and\n                social vision. ","Andy Hollinden (moderator/interviewer)  teaches at the\n                Jacobs School of Music at Indiana University, where he has developed several courses\n                on popular music that have become widely favored by students on the campus. Such\n                courses include the history of blues, rock, Frank Zappa, and Jimi Hendrix. In\n                addition to Hollinden's professorial duties, he composes and produces music for\n                videos and has performed and recorded with numerous rock bands. So far, he has\n                written and produced seven CDs of his own music:  Moving Earth\n                    from There to Here  (1994),  Boot rouge et\n                    swabs  (1996),  Heat to Fragrance  (2000),\n                     Begging's Not Endearing  (2002),  Stick It in Your Sound Hole  (2004),  Trust Yourself  (2006), and  Grieve\n                    for the Living  (2008). As one of the moderators for this conference,\n                Hollinden brings a broad historical awareness of the roots of rock music, which is\n                centered in the African American cultural tradition, along with the understanding of\n                musical, racial and political negotiations between Black and White musicians who\n                have been associated with the genre. ","Maureen Mahon (moderator/interviewer)  is an associate\n                professor in the Department of Music at New York University. A cultural\n                anthropologist, her research interests include African American history and culture;\n                the construction and performance of race and gender in music; and the relationship\n                between race, class, generation, and culture. She is the author of  Right to Rock : The Black Rock Coalition and the Cultural\n                    Politics of Race  (Duke University Press, 2004) and has published\n                articles on African Americans and rock music in academic venues and at  EbonyJet.com . Her current research on the music and\n                legacy of Black women in rock examines the intersection of gender, race, sexuality,\n                and music production. She has held fellowships from the National Science Foundation,\n                the Ford Foundation, and the American Association of University Women and has taught\n                at Wesleyan University and UCLA. ","Moe Mitchell (panelist/interviewee):  A graduate of Howard\n                University, Moe Mitchell has established himself as an activist and musician in the\n                underground punk scene. His band Cipher, founded in 1996, is committed to opening\n                critical spaces in underground music to reawaken the legacy of dissent in today's\n                hardcore, weaving together elements of hardcore and metal with melodicism and\n                politically radical lyrics to form a provocative, probing treatment of race, gender,\n                and class. Mitchell was one of the four artists profiled in James Spooner's 2003\n                documentary  Afro-punk , which explored issues of race\n                identity within the punk scene. Cipher was formed in 1996 by longtime friends who\n                wanted to bring something new to underground music. Elements of hardcore and metal\n                are woven with politically radical lyrics to form a provocative, probing treatment\n                of race, gender, and class. Cipher's most recent album,  Children of God's Fire  (2005), was released to critical acclaim as \"an\n                unrelenting, neo-revolutionary musical statement, transcending genres and provoking\n                thoughts.\" As one reviewer put it, \"In front of ambitiously bruising slabs of\n                hardcore, Cipher front man Moe Mitchell ponders everything from patriarchy to the\n                pharmaceutical industry.\" Cipher released their second album,  The Joyous Collapse , in late 2009. ","Netic (panelist/interviewee)  is one of the founders as\n                well as the lead vocalist of the Brooklyn-born band Game Rebellion. Before rhyming\n                with Game Rebellion, he was a brain and cognitive sciences major at Massachusetts\n                Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge, Massachusetts, where he enrolled at the\n                age of sixteen. Game Rebellion is an all-Black, all-outta-Brooklyn band whose metal,\n                punk, and rudeboy skanking licks sound as credible and crunchy as their hip-hop\n                lyrics and head nodding bounce. The lyrical prowess and production of Netic provide\n                an unobstructed view of the angst of young rebels everywhere. Game Rebellion has\n                been making big waves on the New York scene for about three years. In that short\n                time they've ventured out even further to slam heads, rock houses and muddy the lily\n                white waters of hip-hop and rock from NYC and Cali to Puerto Rico and the UK. They\n                just may be the best-kept secret in music right now. Their album  Searching for Rick Rubin  (2008) explores classic hip-hop\n                songs originally produced by studio legend Rick Rubin, re-imagined in Game\n                Rebellion’s own style and mixed by J.period. ","James Spooner (panelist/interviewee)  is a filmmaker and\n                fine artist. His award-winning debut feature documentary  Afro-punk  has screened at festivals in the U.S. and abroad, including\n                the Toronto International Film Festival, New York's Urbanworld Film Festival, the\n                American Black Film Festival, Mar del Plata International Film Festival (Argentina),\n                and the London Lesbian and Gay Film Festival. The film has been incorporated in a\n                program for high school students on race identity by the New Museum in New York, and\n                has inspired an Afro-Punk Film Festival at the Brooklyn Academy of Music, which he\n                has been co-curating. He was Resident Video Installation Artist at the Ase Dance\n                Theatre Collective in New York, where he created new media works with a\n                choreographer. Prior to working in film, he was a sculptor, whose work showed in\n                galleries in New York and Seattle. He has also been an editor and an editing\n                consultant. More recently, Spooner made his narrative film debut with  White Lies, Black Sheep  (2007). ","Stew (panelist/interviewee)  is a Tony Award-winning\n                singer/songwriter/playwright from Los Angeles. Together with his collaborator Heidi\n                Rodewald, Stew leads two critically acclaimed bands: The Negro Problem and Stew,\n                both of which were formed in the early 1990s. By the turn of the millennium, The\n                Negro Problem was enjoying considerable success, receiving  Entertainment Weekly 's Album of the Year award in both 2000 and 2002.\n                In 2004, Stew and Heidi Rodewald received the support of the Sundance Institute and\n                The Public Theater to produce the musical  Passing\n                    Strange , which has had successful runs at the Berkeley Repertory\n                Theater, The Public Theater (NYC), and the Belasco Theatre on Broadway. More\n                recently, Spike Lee directed a film version of  Passing\n                    Strange , which is receiving glowing praise at film festivals and aired\n                on PBS in the spring of 2010. As a result of his various creative ventures, Stew has\n                been the recipient of numerous awards, including a 2008 Tony for Best Book of a\n                Musical, two Obie awards for Best New Theater Piece and Best Ensemble as a cast\n                member, and is a four-time Tony nominee. Stew was also the recipient of a 2009 Meet\n                the Composer grant for a new multi-media work  Making\n                    It , commissioned by St. Ann’s Warehouse in New York and scheduled for\n                performance in 2010. Stew’s recorded output includes  Post\n                    Minstrel Syndrome  (1997),  Joys and\n                    Concerns  (1999),  Guest Host  (2000),\n                     The Naked Dutch Painter  (2002),  Welcome Black  (2002),  Something\n                    Deeper than these Changes  (2003), and the cast album of  Passing Strange  (2008). ","Tamar-kali (panelist/interviewee): \n                Songwriter-vocalist-guitarist Tamar-kali came on the New York rock scene around 1993\n                while performing with the band Funkface. Shortly thereafter, she became the front\n                woman for Song of Seven, another New York-based rock band. Eventually, Tamar-kali's\n                strength as a woman in a male-dominated genre led to creative conflict and compelled\n                her toward her own expression as a songwriter and vocalist, which resulted into her\n                eclectic musical style. Her band 5ive Piece incorporates hard-core funk, melodic\n                guitar riffs, dissonant harmonies, even and odd-metered grooves and unorthodox song\n                forms. In addition to the instrumental styles of 5ive Piece, Tamar-kali's diverse\n                vocal range allows her to execute warm, round, dark and raspy tones from low to high\n                registers upon demand. She also performs with the string quartet Psycho Chamber\n                Ensemble, which performs renditions of songs by 5ive Piece as well as those arranged\n                and composed specifically for strings by Tamar-kali. Along with leading her diverse\n                ensembles and heading up her own production company, Flaming Yoni Productions,\n                Tamar-kali has worked with other artists in hip-hop and rock such as Outkast and\n                Fishbone. In addition to appearing in the film  Afro-punk , Tamar-kali has been featured in  Vibe ,  Fader  and  Village Voice  magazines. ","Greg Tate (panelist)  is an American author who has spent\n                the last two decades formulating a critical language that has redefined African\n                American cultural theory and writing. An essayist and long time staff writer for\n                     Village Voice , Tate has published widely, with\n                writings on art, music, and culture appearing in  The New York\n                    Times ,  Rolling Stone ,  The Washington Post ,  Spin ,  Artforum ,  The\n                    Nation ,  DownBeat , and Africa-based\n                magazines such as  Glendora Review  and  Chimurenga . The impact of Tate's writing lies in the\n                seminal productive tensions he navigates between post-structural theory and Black\n                cultural nationalism, academia and street culture. Tate has been inspired by Black\n                innovators such as Miles Davis, Jimi Hendrix, Sly Stone, George Clinton, and the\n                artist Jean-Michel Basquiat. Furthermore, Tate has defied fixed notions about what\n                constitutes authentic Black culture, and has inscribed a new radical trajectory that\n                is simultaneously rebellious yet intelligently written. Now in his 50s, Tate\n                continues to challenge cultural hegemony, writing on everything from hip-hop to\n                     YouTube . His books include  Flyboy in the Buttermilk  (1992),  Midnight\n                    Lightning : Jimi Hendrix and the Black Experience  (2003), and  Everything but the Burden : What White People Are Taking from\n                    Black Culture  (2003). He is also a founding member of the Black Rock\n                Coalition and the conductor and music director of Burnt Sugar, a band that fuses\n                jazz, rock, funk, and African music in a lyrical, exploratory and improvisational\n                manner. ","Kamara Thomas (panelist/interviewee),  along with Matt\n                Whyte, is one of the founding members of the band Earl Greyhound. Living and working\n                in New York City, the pair began performing regularly as a duo. All along, they were\n                crafting the sound and songs that would form the foundation for a colossal rock band\n                influenced by the strident English three- and four-pieces of the '70s, the dark pop\n                and heavy grooves of the '90s, and the transcendental, noisy acid sounds of modern\n                rock. The band's first full-length album,  Soft\n                    Targets , was recorded in Los Angeles and Brooklyn in 2005 and earned the\n                group many fans and critical acclaim from publications including  The New Yorker ,  Spin ,\n                     Rolling Stone ,  Brooklyn\n                    Vegan , and  Pitchfork . Even more so, the\n                band's live show quickly drew heaps of attention and gained a steady reputation\n                among critics and fans alike as a veritable rock-n-roll wrecking ball. Earl\n                Greyhound toured relentlessly for the next two years all over the U.S., Canada, and\n                Japan, and autumn 2007 was spent playing theatres as openers for the band's good\n                friend Shooter Jennings, as well as for Soundgarden and Audioslave's Chris Cornell.\n                In spring 2010 Earl Greyhound released their sophomore album  Suspicious Package . ","Suzanne Thomas (panelist/interviewee):  A real deal blues\n                guitarist and vocalist, Suzanne Thomas no stranger to the blues. Life for Thomas\n                started out as an abandoned biracial child in South Korea, where she lived in an\n                orphanage until an American family adopted her into the States at five. She began\n                studying organ at the age of six and, as fate would have it, Thomas was given her\n                first music lessons and introduction to the organ by the great Jimmy Smith. Thomas\n                abandoned dental school at Ohio State to attend music school in Los Angeles. After\n                time in all-female groups such as School Boy Crush, Software, and PMS, Thomas formed\n                Crank, a 3-piece hard rock band that shared the stage with Ice T and Body Count,\n                Fishbone, and Macy Gray. Thomas has also been hired out as a guitarist to several\n                funk and R\u0026B bands, notably doubling on guitar and bass in the Grammy-winning\n                band A Taste of Honey. She took second place in the 7th annual Jimi Hendrix contest,\n                and played in Japan, France, and New York at various music festivals and events\n                including the Manhattan Music Center. Thomas currently performs with her band The\n                Blues Church. ","Linda Tillery (panelist/interviewee):  Before becoming a\n                prominent figure in women's music in the 1990s, San Francisco native Linda Tillery\n                began her singing career in the 1960s with the gender and racially integrated\n                psychedelic/soul band The Loading Zone, which was modeled somewhat after Sly \u0026\n                the Family Stone. After two albums with that band, Tillery released her solo debut,\n                     Sweet Linda Divine , on CBS in 1970 to\n                enthusiastic reviews and high praise. She spent most of the 1970s singing and\n                playing drums on over forty albums, including those by Mary Watkins and Teresa\n                Trull. Having become a staff musician and producer at Olivia Records, Tillery\n                released her second solo album, a self-titled effort, on the label in 1978,\n                garnering a Bay Area Music Award for Best Independently Produced Album. Tillery has\n                twice gone on to win Bay Area Jazz awards for Outstanding Female Vocalist. In\n                subsequent years, Tillery collaborated with female musical powerhouses including\n                June Millington, Deidre McCalla, Barbara Higbie, and Margie Adam, as well as on the\n                Olivia Records 10th anniversary album,  Meg/Cris Live at\n                    Carnegie  (1983). In 1985, Tillery released  Secrets  on her own 411 label which returned her to center stage. In\n                recent years, she has assembled a large band, Skin Tight, which plays jazzy, funky\n                blues. She has also performed with the ZaSu Pitts Memorial Orchestra and has\n                branched out into radio, film, theater, and television commercials. She has worked\n                for the National Endowment for the Arts and appeared with artists ranging from\n                Santana, Kenny Loggins, and Huey Lewis to the Turtle Island String Quartet, Bobby\n                McFerrin, and Holly Near. In 1992, Tillery created the Cultural Heritage Choir as an\n                outlet for her desire to perform the traditional spiritual music of African American\n                slaves and their descendants. ","Ike Willis (panelist/interviewee)  first met Frank Zappa\n                while studying political science at Washington University. Willis volunteered to\n                help with the concert committee just so he could get a backstage pass to meet Frank\n                Zappa. As a result of this meeting in 1978, Willis became Zappa's lead singer and\n                rhythm guitarist for nearly fifteen years. In addition to touring, Willis performed\n                on Zappa's albums  Joe's Garage ,  Tinsel Town Rebellion , and  You\n                    Are What You Is . He also played the title character and narrator in\n                Zappa's off-Broadway musical,  Thing-Fish . Willis'\n                distinct baritone vocals coupled with his melodic guitar style continues to solidify\n                the musical legacy of Frank Zappa, which Willis promotes not only through his own\n                music, but also via performances with ensembles around the world that perform Frank\n                Zappa's music, such as Bogus Pomp, Project/Object, Ugly Radio Rebellion, and The\n                Central Scrutinizer Band. ","On November 13th and 14th, the Archives of African American Music and Culture (AAAMC)\n                hosted a two-day conference on Black rock on the Indiana University-Bloomington\n                campus. The conference and related activities were open to local and regional\n                musicians, scholars, students, and the general public.","Reclaiming the Right to Rock : Black Experiences in Rock\n                    Music  brought together Black rock musicians from different generations\n                and regions with music critics and scholars to discuss the socio-political history,\n                musical developments, and the future of Black rock. The main component of the\n                conference was a set of three panels, each exploring one of the following topics: 1)\n                the conceptualization and origins of Black rock; 2) the politics of Black rock; 3)\n                the face of Black rock in the 21st century.","The core panelists were those artists considered to be innovators and practitioners\n                of Black rock in the United States, including representatives from the East and West\n                Coasts such as Linda Tillery, Ike Willis, Tamar-kali, and Netic. The conference also\n                celebrated the 25th anniversary of the Black Rock Coalition, which was founded to\n                create \"a united atmosphere conducive to the maximum development, exposure, [and]\n                acceptance of Black alternative music.\"","In conjunction with the conference, the AAAMC also collaborated with a number of\n                units and organizations at Indiana University to arrange a series of film\n                screenings, concerts, and workshops, which were hosted on the Bloomington campus\n                during the conference weekend and throughout the Fall 2009 semester.","In addition to professionally videotaped footage of the three conference sessions,\n                the IU Union Board Concert, and one-on-one interviews with each of the panelists\n                (minus Greg Tate), a number of volunteers assisted with documenting the conference\n                and conference-related events. The professionally videotaped footage consists of\n                high definition QuickTime files provided by IU's Radio and Television Services\n                (RTVS). Conference volunteers produced miniDVs as well as image, audio, and video\n                files in a variety of formats. Also included in the collection are a number of\n                internal documents produced by AAAMC staff members during the production of the\n                conference, including publicity materials, contract templates, grant materials, and\n                planning documents. ","This collection consists of\n                documentation and one-on-one interviews from the AAAMC's two-day conference on Black\n                rock hosted on the Indiana University-Bloomington campus on November 13-14, 2009.\n                The conference and related activities were open to local and regional musicians,\n                scholars, students, and brought together Black rock musicians from different\n                generations and regions with music critics and scholars to discuss the\n                socio-political history, musical developments, and the future of Black rock.\n            ","Indiana University, Archives of African American Music and Culture\n                    (AAAMC)","Indiana University, Archives of\n                    African American Music and Culture (AAAMC)","Blues Church (Musical group)","Indiana University, Radio and Television\n                                Services","IU Soul Revue","Monroe County Public Library, Community\n                                Access Television Services","Students enrolled in Telecommunications\n                                T-353","Crazy Horse, Kandia","Fields, Rob","Garofalo, Reebee","Hollinden, Andy, 1961-","Mahon, Maureen","Mitchell, Moe","Netic","Spooner, James","Stew, 1961-","Tamar-kali","Tate, Greg","Thomas, Kamara","Thomas, Suzanne","Tillery, Linda","Willis, Ike","Hollinden, Andy","Stew","McAlpin, Michael","Batcheller, Anna","Sewald, Ronda L.","Allbrittin, Deanna","Berry, William","Brown, Clayton","Ford, Starla","Rizzi, Jessica","Rowley, Ariel","Williams, Lorrin[?]","Orjuela, Fernando[?]","Burnim, Mellonee","Wilkins, Langston","Nelson-Strauss, Brenda","Estrada, Zilia C.","Walter, Rich","Kreiger, Meryl","Unidentified student from Paul Mahern's\n                                \"Audio production\" course","Wallner, Jessie","Ozdegirmenci, Izlem","Cooper, Kailee","Fales, Cornelia","Lee, Mike","Unidentified student from Paul Mahern's\n                                \"Audio Production\" course","Guest-Scott, Anthony","Hatlen, Merrill","Hsu, Hsin-Wen","Teo, Bertrand","Kilpin, Jordan","Powell, Gary","Lamping, Nicholas","Davis, Gareth","Cooper, Tyron"," Materials are in  English . "],"unitid_tesim":["SC\n                151"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2008-2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Reclaiming the Right to Rock : Black\n                Experiences in Rock Music Collection, 2008-2010"],"collection_title_tesim":["Reclaiming the Right to Rock : Black\n                Experiences in Rock Music Collection, 2008-2010"],"collection_ssim":["Reclaiming the Right to Rock : Black\n                Experiences in Rock Music Collection, 2008-2010"],"repository_ssm":["Indiana University, Archives of African American Music and Culture (AAAMC)"],"repository_ssim":["Indiana University, Archives of African American Music and Culture (AAAMC)"],"creator_ssm":["Indiana University, Archives of\n                    African American Music and Culture (AAAMC)"],"creator_ssim":["Indiana University, Archives of\n                    African American Music and Culture (AAAMC)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Indiana University, Archives of\n                    African American Music and Culture (AAAMC)"],"creators_ssim":["Indiana University, Archives of\n                    African American Music and Culture (AAAMC)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["All education rights for conference session footage and one-on-one interviews\n                    with the panelists was released to the Indiana University Board of Trustees in\n                    November 2009. "],"access_subjects_ssim":["African American rock\n                                musicians--Interviews","Music and race","Rock music--History and criticism","Sound recording industry","African Americans--Music","Rock concerts","Racism--United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African American rock\n                                musicians--Interviews","Music and race","Rock music--History and criticism","Sound recording industry","African Americans--Music","Rock concerts","Racism--United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["46 video files (HD QuickTime) (21 hours, 45 minutes)"],"extent_tesim":["46 video files (HD QuickTime) (21 hours, 45 minutes)"],"physfacet_tesim":[" :\n                    sound, color ; 1440 x 1080, 35 MBps, 29.97 fps + 28 videocassettes (miniDV)\n                    (circa 21 hours), 1 box documentation, assorted audio, video, and image\n                    files"],"date_range_isim":[2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to the public. MiniDV videocassettes require the creation of\n                reference copies. If you are interested in viewing the contents of the miniDVs,\n                please contact the AAAMC staff well in advance of your visit for details.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to the public. MiniDV videocassettes require the creation of\n                reference copies. If you are interested in viewing the contents of the miniDVs,\n                please contact the AAAMC staff well in advance of your visit for details."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged in five series: \u003clist type=\"marked\"\u003e\n               \u003citem\u003eSeries 1. Conference Sessions\u003c/item\u003e\n               \u003citem\u003eSeries 2. One-on-One Interviews\u003c/item\u003e\n               \u003citem\u003eSeries 3. Conference-Related Events\u003c/item\u003e\n               \u003citem\u003eSeries 4. Miscellaneous Audiovisual Materials\u003c/item\u003e\n               \u003citem\u003eSeries 5. AAAMC Production Materials\u003c/item\u003e\n            \u003c/list\u003e\n         \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged in five series:  Series 1. Conference Sessions Series 2. One-on-One Interviews Series 3. Conference-Related Events Series 4. Miscellaneous Audiovisual Materials Series 5. AAAMC Production Materials"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eKandia Crazy Horse (panelist/interviewee):\u003c/emph\u003e Raised on a\n                variety of music, from P-Funk to Supertramp, electric guitar evangelism to country\n                and western, D.C. native Kandia Crazy Horse has worked as a rock critic for over a\n                decade. Crazy Horse began writing, in her words, \"simply because I could ‘speak so\n                well’ like Colin Powell; read and write; and had a favorite band throughout the '90s\n                that got awful press and a lot of disdain: the Black Crowes. As a New Southerner\n                with a brain, I figured it was my job to champion them because they made great Black\n                music.\" The Brooklyn-based writer was formerly the music editor at Creative Loafing\n                in Charlotte, N.C., and has contributed to numerous publications, including \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003ePaper\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHarp\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eVillage Voice\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003ePopmatters.com\u003c/title\u003e, and the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSan Francisco Bay\n                    Guardian\u003c/title\u003e. She supported Afrofuturism by editing \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eRip It Up : The Black Experience in Rock 'n' Roll\u003c/title\u003e (2004), noted for\n                being \"an eclectic mix of interviews and essays on Black rock 'n' roll--filled with\n                fascinating information and provocative ideas.\" Crazy Horse was the 2008-2009\n                Anschutz Distinguished Fellow in American Studies at Princeton University, where she\n                taught the course \"Roll over Beethoven : Black Rock \u0026amp; Cultural Revolt,\" and\n                organized and mounted a Southern rock symposium titled \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eRadio\n                    Free Dixie-- or, De Dirty South Brokedown\u003c/title\u003e. Crazy Horse challenges Black\n                readers to take pride in the history of Black rock, to \"attempt to conserve it,\n                don't just fritter it away and then lament it being lost forever after.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eRob Fields (panelist/interviewee):\u003c/emph\u003e Self-described \"Black\n                rock evangelist\" Rob Fields writes about Black rock and Black culture on his blog\n                    \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eBold as Love\u003c/title\u003e, which focuses on exploring,\n                celebrating and evangelizing the growing music genre known as Black rock, Afro-punk\n                or urban alternative (URB ALT). In conjunction with his blog, he runs a live event\n                series, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eBold as Live\u003c/title\u003e, which creates new opportunities\n                for audiences to discover Black rock through shows, lectures, and discussions. He\n                has worked professionally in the Black rock scene since the early 1990s, when he\n                became Director of PR for the Black Rock Coalition. Following this, he went into\n                artist management, working for Capitol Records and representing alternative Black\n                artists such as trombonist Josh Roseman and M-Base cofounder Graham Haynes. With his\n                background in marketing, Rob's interest lies in providing context for audiences\n                (particularly Black audiences) to understand and enjoy what they're hearing in Black\n                rock, and to help Black rock artists find ways to make Black rock matter in the\n                marketplace. Rob has been a guest several times on NPR, and was a panelist at the\n                2009 SXSW Music Conference. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eReebee Garofalo (moderator/interviewer)\u003c/emph\u003e is author of\n                    \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eRockin Out : Popular Music in the USA\u003c/title\u003e and has\n                been a professor at the College of Public and Community Service at U Mass Boston\n                since 1978. He is also affiliated with the American Studies Program. Professor\n                Garofalo is an internationally known scholar of popular music studies who has\n                written numerous articles on music and politics, racism, censorship, and the\n                globalization of the music industry and has lectured widely on a broad range of\n                subjects relating to the operations of the music industry. At CPCS he has been\n                spearheading the Community Media and Technology Major—a cutting edge media and\n                technology program designed to encourage a combination of technical proficiency and\n                social vision. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAndy Hollinden (moderator/interviewer)\u003c/emph\u003e teaches at the\n                Jacobs School of Music at Indiana University, where he has developed several courses\n                on popular music that have become widely favored by students on the campus. Such\n                courses include the history of blues, rock, Frank Zappa, and Jimi Hendrix. In\n                addition to Hollinden's professorial duties, he composes and produces music for\n                videos and has performed and recorded with numerous rock bands. So far, he has\n                written and produced seven CDs of his own music: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eMoving Earth\n                    from There to Here\u003c/title\u003e (1994), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eBoot rouge et\n                    swabs\u003c/title\u003e (1996), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHeat to Fragrance\u003c/title\u003e (2000),\n                    \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eBegging's Not Endearing\u003c/title\u003e (2002), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStick It in Your Sound Hole\u003c/title\u003e (2004), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eTrust Yourself\u003c/title\u003e (2006), and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGrieve\n                    for the Living\u003c/title\u003e (2008). As one of the moderators for this conference,\n                Hollinden brings a broad historical awareness of the roots of rock music, which is\n                centered in the African American cultural tradition, along with the understanding of\n                musical, racial and political negotiations between Black and White musicians who\n                have been associated with the genre. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eMaureen Mahon (moderator/interviewer)\u003c/emph\u003e is an associate\n                professor in the Department of Music at New York University. A cultural\n                anthropologist, her research interests include African American history and culture;\n                the construction and performance of race and gender in music; and the relationship\n                between race, class, generation, and culture. She is the author of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eRight to Rock : The Black Rock Coalition and the Cultural\n                    Politics of Race\u003c/title\u003e (Duke University Press, 2004) and has published\n                articles on African Americans and rock music in academic venues and at \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEbonyJet.com\u003c/title\u003e. Her current research on the music and\n                legacy of Black women in rock examines the intersection of gender, race, sexuality,\n                and music production. She has held fellowships from the National Science Foundation,\n                the Ford Foundation, and the American Association of University Women and has taught\n                at Wesleyan University and UCLA. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eMoe Mitchell (panelist/interviewee):\u003c/emph\u003e A graduate of Howard\n                University, Moe Mitchell has established himself as an activist and musician in the\n                underground punk scene. His band Cipher, founded in 1996, is committed to opening\n                critical spaces in underground music to reawaken the legacy of dissent in today's\n                hardcore, weaving together elements of hardcore and metal with melodicism and\n                politically radical lyrics to form a provocative, probing treatment of race, gender,\n                and class. Mitchell was one of the four artists profiled in James Spooner's 2003\n                documentary \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAfro-punk\u003c/title\u003e, which explored issues of race\n                identity within the punk scene. Cipher was formed in 1996 by longtime friends who\n                wanted to bring something new to underground music. Elements of hardcore and metal\n                are woven with politically radical lyrics to form a provocative, probing treatment\n                of race, gender, and class. Cipher's most recent album, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eChildren of God's Fire\u003c/title\u003e (2005), was released to critical acclaim as \"an\n                unrelenting, neo-revolutionary musical statement, transcending genres and provoking\n                thoughts.\" As one reviewer put it, \"In front of ambitiously bruising slabs of\n                hardcore, Cipher front man Moe Mitchell ponders everything from patriarchy to the\n                pharmaceutical industry.\" Cipher released their second album, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Joyous Collapse\u003c/title\u003e, in late 2009. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eNetic (panelist/interviewee)\u003c/emph\u003e is one of the founders as\n                well as the lead vocalist of the Brooklyn-born band Game Rebellion. Before rhyming\n                with Game Rebellion, he was a brain and cognitive sciences major at Massachusetts\n                Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge, Massachusetts, where he enrolled at the\n                age of sixteen. Game Rebellion is an all-Black, all-outta-Brooklyn band whose metal,\n                punk, and rudeboy skanking licks sound as credible and crunchy as their hip-hop\n                lyrics and head nodding bounce. The lyrical prowess and production of Netic provide\n                an unobstructed view of the angst of young rebels everywhere. Game Rebellion has\n                been making big waves on the New York scene for about three years. In that short\n                time they've ventured out even further to slam heads, rock houses and muddy the lily\n                white waters of hip-hop and rock from NYC and Cali to Puerto Rico and the UK. They\n                just may be the best-kept secret in music right now. Their album \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSearching for Rick Rubin\u003c/title\u003e (2008) explores classic hip-hop\n                songs originally produced by studio legend Rick Rubin, re-imagined in Game\n                Rebellion’s own style and mixed by J.period. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eJames Spooner (panelist/interviewee)\u003c/emph\u003e is a filmmaker and\n                fine artist. His award-winning debut feature documentary \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAfro-punk\u003c/title\u003e has screened at festivals in the U.S. and abroad, including\n                the Toronto International Film Festival, New York's Urbanworld Film Festival, the\n                American Black Film Festival, Mar del Plata International Film Festival (Argentina),\n                and the London Lesbian and Gay Film Festival. The film has been incorporated in a\n                program for high school students on race identity by the New Museum in New York, and\n                has inspired an Afro-Punk Film Festival at the Brooklyn Academy of Music, which he\n                has been co-curating. He was Resident Video Installation Artist at the Ase Dance\n                Theatre Collective in New York, where he created new media works with a\n                choreographer. Prior to working in film, he was a sculptor, whose work showed in\n                galleries in New York and Seattle. He has also been an editor and an editing\n                consultant. More recently, Spooner made his narrative film debut with \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWhite Lies, Black Sheep\u003c/title\u003e (2007). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eStew (panelist/interviewee)\u003c/emph\u003e is a Tony Award-winning\n                singer/songwriter/playwright from Los Angeles. Together with his collaborator Heidi\n                Rodewald, Stew leads two critically acclaimed bands: The Negro Problem and Stew,\n                both of which were formed in the early 1990s. By the turn of the millennium, The\n                Negro Problem was enjoying considerable success, receiving \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEntertainment Weekly\u003c/title\u003e's Album of the Year award in both 2000 and 2002.\n                In 2004, Stew and Heidi Rodewald received the support of the Sundance Institute and\n                The Public Theater to produce the musical \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003ePassing\n                    Strange\u003c/title\u003e, which has had successful runs at the Berkeley Repertory\n                Theater, The Public Theater (NYC), and the Belasco Theatre on Broadway. More\n                recently, Spike Lee directed a film version of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003ePassing\n                    Strange\u003c/title\u003e, which is receiving glowing praise at film festivals and aired\n                on PBS in the spring of 2010. As a result of his various creative ventures, Stew has\n                been the recipient of numerous awards, including a 2008 Tony for Best Book of a\n                Musical, two Obie awards for Best New Theater Piece and Best Ensemble as a cast\n                member, and is a four-time Tony nominee. Stew was also the recipient of a 2009 Meet\n                the Composer grant for a new multi-media work \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eMaking\n                    It\u003c/title\u003e, commissioned by St. Ann’s Warehouse in New York and scheduled for\n                performance in 2010. Stew’s recorded output includes \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003ePost\n                    Minstrel Syndrome\u003c/title\u003e (1997), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJoys and\n                    Concerns\u003c/title\u003e (1999), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGuest Host\u003c/title\u003e (2000),\n                    \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Naked Dutch Painter\u003c/title\u003e (2002), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWelcome Black\u003c/title\u003e (2002), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSomething\n                    Deeper than these Changes\u003c/title\u003e (2003), and the cast album of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003ePassing Strange\u003c/title\u003e (2008). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eTamar-kali (panelist/interviewee):\u003c/emph\u003e\n                Songwriter-vocalist-guitarist Tamar-kali came on the New York rock scene around 1993\n                while performing with the band Funkface. Shortly thereafter, she became the front\n                woman for Song of Seven, another New York-based rock band. Eventually, Tamar-kali's\n                strength as a woman in a male-dominated genre led to creative conflict and compelled\n                her toward her own expression as a songwriter and vocalist, which resulted into her\n                eclectic musical style. Her band 5ive Piece incorporates hard-core funk, melodic\n                guitar riffs, dissonant harmonies, even and odd-metered grooves and unorthodox song\n                forms. In addition to the instrumental styles of 5ive Piece, Tamar-kali's diverse\n                vocal range allows her to execute warm, round, dark and raspy tones from low to high\n                registers upon demand. She also performs with the string quartet Psycho Chamber\n                Ensemble, which performs renditions of songs by 5ive Piece as well as those arranged\n                and composed specifically for strings by Tamar-kali. Along with leading her diverse\n                ensembles and heading up her own production company, Flaming Yoni Productions,\n                Tamar-kali has worked with other artists in hip-hop and rock such as Outkast and\n                Fishbone. In addition to appearing in the film \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAfro-punk\u003c/title\u003e, Tamar-kali has been featured in \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eVibe\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eFader\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eVillage Voice\u003c/title\u003e magazines. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eGreg Tate (panelist)\u003c/emph\u003e is an American author who has spent\n                the last two decades formulating a critical language that has redefined African\n                American cultural theory and writing. An essayist and long time staff writer for\n                    \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eVillage Voice\u003c/title\u003e, Tate has published widely, with\n                writings on art, music, and culture appearing in \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe New York\n                    Times\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eRolling Stone\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Washington Post\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSpin\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eArtforum\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe\n                    Nation\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eDownBeat\u003c/title\u003e, and Africa-based\n                magazines such as \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGlendora Review\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eChimurenga\u003c/title\u003e. The impact of Tate's writing lies in the\n                seminal productive tensions he navigates between post-structural theory and Black\n                cultural nationalism, academia and street culture. Tate has been inspired by Black\n                innovators such as Miles Davis, Jimi Hendrix, Sly Stone, George Clinton, and the\n                artist Jean-Michel Basquiat. Furthermore, Tate has defied fixed notions about what\n                constitutes authentic Black culture, and has inscribed a new radical trajectory that\n                is simultaneously rebellious yet intelligently written. Now in his 50s, Tate\n                continues to challenge cultural hegemony, writing on everything from hip-hop to\n                    \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eYouTube\u003c/title\u003e. His books include \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eFlyboy in the Buttermilk\u003c/title\u003e (1992), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eMidnight\n                    Lightning : Jimi Hendrix and the Black Experience\u003c/title\u003e (2003), and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEverything but the Burden : What White People Are Taking from\n                    Black Culture\u003c/title\u003e (2003). He is also a founding member of the Black Rock\n                Coalition and the conductor and music director of Burnt Sugar, a band that fuses\n                jazz, rock, funk, and African music in a lyrical, exploratory and improvisational\n                manner. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eKamara Thomas (panelist/interviewee),\u003c/emph\u003e along with Matt\n                Whyte, is one of the founding members of the band Earl Greyhound. Living and working\n                in New York City, the pair began performing regularly as a duo. All along, they were\n                crafting the sound and songs that would form the foundation for a colossal rock band\n                influenced by the strident English three- and four-pieces of the '70s, the dark pop\n                and heavy grooves of the '90s, and the transcendental, noisy acid sounds of modern\n                rock. The band's first full-length album, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSoft\n                    Targets\u003c/title\u003e, was recorded in Los Angeles and Brooklyn in 2005 and earned the\n                group many fans and critical acclaim from publications including \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe New Yorker\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSpin\u003c/title\u003e,\n                    \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eRolling Stone\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eBrooklyn\n                    Vegan\u003c/title\u003e, and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003ePitchfork\u003c/title\u003e. Even more so, the\n                band's live show quickly drew heaps of attention and gained a steady reputation\n                among critics and fans alike as a veritable rock-n-roll wrecking ball. Earl\n                Greyhound toured relentlessly for the next two years all over the U.S., Canada, and\n                Japan, and autumn 2007 was spent playing theatres as openers for the band's good\n                friend Shooter Jennings, as well as for Soundgarden and Audioslave's Chris Cornell.\n                In spring 2010 Earl Greyhound released their sophomore album \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSuspicious Package\u003c/title\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSuzanne Thomas (panelist/interviewee):\u003c/emph\u003e A real deal blues\n                guitarist and vocalist, Suzanne Thomas no stranger to the blues. Life for Thomas\n                started out as an abandoned biracial child in South Korea, where she lived in an\n                orphanage until an American family adopted her into the States at five. She began\n                studying organ at the age of six and, as fate would have it, Thomas was given her\n                first music lessons and introduction to the organ by the great Jimmy Smith. Thomas\n                abandoned dental school at Ohio State to attend music school in Los Angeles. After\n                time in all-female groups such as School Boy Crush, Software, and PMS, Thomas formed\n                Crank, a 3-piece hard rock band that shared the stage with Ice T and Body Count,\n                Fishbone, and Macy Gray. Thomas has also been hired out as a guitarist to several\n                funk and R\u0026amp;B bands, notably doubling on guitar and bass in the Grammy-winning\n                band A Taste of Honey. She took second place in the 7th annual Jimi Hendrix contest,\n                and played in Japan, France, and New York at various music festivals and events\n                including the Manhattan Music Center. Thomas currently performs with her band The\n                Blues Church. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLinda Tillery (panelist/interviewee):\u003c/emph\u003e Before becoming a\n                prominent figure in women's music in the 1990s, San Francisco native Linda Tillery\n                began her singing career in the 1960s with the gender and racially integrated\n                psychedelic/soul band The Loading Zone, which was modeled somewhat after Sly \u0026amp;\n                the Family Stone. After two albums with that band, Tillery released her solo debut,\n                    \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSweet Linda Divine\u003c/title\u003e, on CBS in 1970 to\n                enthusiastic reviews and high praise. She spent most of the 1970s singing and\n                playing drums on over forty albums, including those by Mary Watkins and Teresa\n                Trull. Having become a staff musician and producer at Olivia Records, Tillery\n                released her second solo album, a self-titled effort, on the label in 1978,\n                garnering a Bay Area Music Award for Best Independently Produced Album. Tillery has\n                twice gone on to win Bay Area Jazz awards for Outstanding Female Vocalist. In\n                subsequent years, Tillery collaborated with female musical powerhouses including\n                June Millington, Deidre McCalla, Barbara Higbie, and Margie Adam, as well as on the\n                Olivia Records 10th anniversary album, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eMeg/Cris Live at\n                    Carnegie\u003c/title\u003e (1983). In 1985, Tillery released \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSecrets\u003c/title\u003e on her own 411 label which returned her to center stage. In\n                recent years, she has assembled a large band, Skin Tight, which plays jazzy, funky\n                blues. She has also performed with the ZaSu Pitts Memorial Orchestra and has\n                branched out into radio, film, theater, and television commercials. She has worked\n                for the National Endowment for the Arts and appeared with artists ranging from\n                Santana, Kenny Loggins, and Huey Lewis to the Turtle Island String Quartet, Bobby\n                McFerrin, and Holly Near. In 1992, Tillery created the Cultural Heritage Choir as an\n                outlet for her desire to perform the traditional spiritual music of African American\n                slaves and their descendants. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eIke Willis (panelist/interviewee)\u003c/emph\u003e first met Frank Zappa\n                while studying political science at Washington University. Willis volunteered to\n                help with the concert committee just so he could get a backstage pass to meet Frank\n                Zappa. As a result of this meeting in 1978, Willis became Zappa's lead singer and\n                rhythm guitarist for nearly fifteen years. In addition to touring, Willis performed\n                on Zappa's albums \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJoe's Garage\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eTinsel Town Rebellion\u003c/title\u003e, and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eYou\n                    Are What You Is\u003c/title\u003e. He also played the title character and narrator in\n                Zappa's off-Broadway musical, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThing-Fish\u003c/title\u003e. Willis'\n                distinct baritone vocals coupled with his melodic guitar style continues to solidify\n                the musical legacy of Frank Zappa, which Willis promotes not only through his own\n                music, but also via performances with ensembles around the world that perform Frank\n                Zappa's music, such as Bogus Pomp, Project/Object, Ugly Radio Rebellion, and The\n                Central Scrutinizer Band. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Kandia Crazy Horse (panelist/interviewee):  Raised on a\n                variety of music, from P-Funk to Supertramp, electric guitar evangelism to country\n                and western, D.C. native Kandia Crazy Horse has worked as a rock critic for over a\n                decade. Crazy Horse began writing, in her words, \"simply because I could ‘speak so\n                well’ like Colin Powell; read and write; and had a favorite band throughout the '90s\n                that got awful press and a lot of disdain: the Black Crowes. As a New Southerner\n                with a brain, I figured it was my job to champion them because they made great Black\n                music.\" The Brooklyn-based writer was formerly the music editor at Creative Loafing\n                in Charlotte, N.C., and has contributed to numerous publications, including  Paper ,  Harp ,  Village Voice ,  Popmatters.com , and the  San Francisco Bay\n                    Guardian . She supported Afrofuturism by editing  Rip It Up : The Black Experience in Rock 'n' Roll  (2004), noted for\n                being \"an eclectic mix of interviews and essays on Black rock 'n' roll--filled with\n                fascinating information and provocative ideas.\" Crazy Horse was the 2008-2009\n                Anschutz Distinguished Fellow in American Studies at Princeton University, where she\n                taught the course \"Roll over Beethoven : Black Rock \u0026 Cultural Revolt,\" and\n                organized and mounted a Southern rock symposium titled  Radio\n                    Free Dixie-- or, De Dirty South Brokedown . Crazy Horse challenges Black\n                readers to take pride in the history of Black rock, to \"attempt to conserve it,\n                don't just fritter it away and then lament it being lost forever after.\"","Rob Fields (panelist/interviewee):  Self-described \"Black\n                rock evangelist\" Rob Fields writes about Black rock and Black culture on his blog\n                     Bold as Love , which focuses on exploring,\n                celebrating and evangelizing the growing music genre known as Black rock, Afro-punk\n                or urban alternative (URB ALT). In conjunction with his blog, he runs a live event\n                series,  Bold as Live , which creates new opportunities\n                for audiences to discover Black rock through shows, lectures, and discussions. He\n                has worked professionally in the Black rock scene since the early 1990s, when he\n                became Director of PR for the Black Rock Coalition. Following this, he went into\n                artist management, working for Capitol Records and representing alternative Black\n                artists such as trombonist Josh Roseman and M-Base cofounder Graham Haynes. With his\n                background in marketing, Rob's interest lies in providing context for audiences\n                (particularly Black audiences) to understand and enjoy what they're hearing in Black\n                rock, and to help Black rock artists find ways to make Black rock matter in the\n                marketplace. Rob has been a guest several times on NPR, and was a panelist at the\n                2009 SXSW Music Conference. ","Reebee Garofalo (moderator/interviewer)  is author of\n                     Rockin Out : Popular Music in the USA  and has\n                been a professor at the College of Public and Community Service at U Mass Boston\n                since 1978. He is also affiliated with the American Studies Program. Professor\n                Garofalo is an internationally known scholar of popular music studies who has\n                written numerous articles on music and politics, racism, censorship, and the\n                globalization of the music industry and has lectured widely on a broad range of\n                subjects relating to the operations of the music industry. At CPCS he has been\n                spearheading the Community Media and Technology Major—a cutting edge media and\n                technology program designed to encourage a combination of technical proficiency and\n                social vision. ","Andy Hollinden (moderator/interviewer)  teaches at the\n                Jacobs School of Music at Indiana University, where he has developed several courses\n                on popular music that have become widely favored by students on the campus. Such\n                courses include the history of blues, rock, Frank Zappa, and Jimi Hendrix. In\n                addition to Hollinden's professorial duties, he composes and produces music for\n                videos and has performed and recorded with numerous rock bands. So far, he has\n                written and produced seven CDs of his own music:  Moving Earth\n                    from There to Here  (1994),  Boot rouge et\n                    swabs  (1996),  Heat to Fragrance  (2000),\n                     Begging's Not Endearing  (2002),  Stick It in Your Sound Hole  (2004),  Trust Yourself  (2006), and  Grieve\n                    for the Living  (2008). As one of the moderators for this conference,\n                Hollinden brings a broad historical awareness of the roots of rock music, which is\n                centered in the African American cultural tradition, along with the understanding of\n                musical, racial and political negotiations between Black and White musicians who\n                have been associated with the genre. ","Maureen Mahon (moderator/interviewer)  is an associate\n                professor in the Department of Music at New York University. A cultural\n                anthropologist, her research interests include African American history and culture;\n                the construction and performance of race and gender in music; and the relationship\n                between race, class, generation, and culture. She is the author of  Right to Rock : The Black Rock Coalition and the Cultural\n                    Politics of Race  (Duke University Press, 2004) and has published\n                articles on African Americans and rock music in academic venues and at  EbonyJet.com . Her current research on the music and\n                legacy of Black women in rock examines the intersection of gender, race, sexuality,\n                and music production. She has held fellowships from the National Science Foundation,\n                the Ford Foundation, and the American Association of University Women and has taught\n                at Wesleyan University and UCLA. ","Moe Mitchell (panelist/interviewee):  A graduate of Howard\n                University, Moe Mitchell has established himself as an activist and musician in the\n                underground punk scene. His band Cipher, founded in 1996, is committed to opening\n                critical spaces in underground music to reawaken the legacy of dissent in today's\n                hardcore, weaving together elements of hardcore and metal with melodicism and\n                politically radical lyrics to form a provocative, probing treatment of race, gender,\n                and class. Mitchell was one of the four artists profiled in James Spooner's 2003\n                documentary  Afro-punk , which explored issues of race\n                identity within the punk scene. Cipher was formed in 1996 by longtime friends who\n                wanted to bring something new to underground music. Elements of hardcore and metal\n                are woven with politically radical lyrics to form a provocative, probing treatment\n                of race, gender, and class. Cipher's most recent album,  Children of God's Fire  (2005), was released to critical acclaim as \"an\n                unrelenting, neo-revolutionary musical statement, transcending genres and provoking\n                thoughts.\" As one reviewer put it, \"In front of ambitiously bruising slabs of\n                hardcore, Cipher front man Moe Mitchell ponders everything from patriarchy to the\n                pharmaceutical industry.\" Cipher released their second album,  The Joyous Collapse , in late 2009. ","Netic (panelist/interviewee)  is one of the founders as\n                well as the lead vocalist of the Brooklyn-born band Game Rebellion. Before rhyming\n                with Game Rebellion, he was a brain and cognitive sciences major at Massachusetts\n                Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge, Massachusetts, where he enrolled at the\n                age of sixteen. Game Rebellion is an all-Black, all-outta-Brooklyn band whose metal,\n                punk, and rudeboy skanking licks sound as credible and crunchy as their hip-hop\n                lyrics and head nodding bounce. The lyrical prowess and production of Netic provide\n                an unobstructed view of the angst of young rebels everywhere. Game Rebellion has\n                been making big waves on the New York scene for about three years. In that short\n                time they've ventured out even further to slam heads, rock houses and muddy the lily\n                white waters of hip-hop and rock from NYC and Cali to Puerto Rico and the UK. They\n                just may be the best-kept secret in music right now. Their album  Searching for Rick Rubin  (2008) explores classic hip-hop\n                songs originally produced by studio legend Rick Rubin, re-imagined in Game\n                Rebellion’s own style and mixed by J.period. ","James Spooner (panelist/interviewee)  is a filmmaker and\n                fine artist. His award-winning debut feature documentary  Afro-punk  has screened at festivals in the U.S. and abroad, including\n                the Toronto International Film Festival, New York's Urbanworld Film Festival, the\n                American Black Film Festival, Mar del Plata International Film Festival (Argentina),\n                and the London Lesbian and Gay Film Festival. The film has been incorporated in a\n                program for high school students on race identity by the New Museum in New York, and\n                has inspired an Afro-Punk Film Festival at the Brooklyn Academy of Music, which he\n                has been co-curating. He was Resident Video Installation Artist at the Ase Dance\n                Theatre Collective in New York, where he created new media works with a\n                choreographer. Prior to working in film, he was a sculptor, whose work showed in\n                galleries in New York and Seattle. He has also been an editor and an editing\n                consultant. More recently, Spooner made his narrative film debut with  White Lies, Black Sheep  (2007). ","Stew (panelist/interviewee)  is a Tony Award-winning\n                singer/songwriter/playwright from Los Angeles. Together with his collaborator Heidi\n                Rodewald, Stew leads two critically acclaimed bands: The Negro Problem and Stew,\n                both of which were formed in the early 1990s. By the turn of the millennium, The\n                Negro Problem was enjoying considerable success, receiving  Entertainment Weekly 's Album of the Year award in both 2000 and 2002.\n                In 2004, Stew and Heidi Rodewald received the support of the Sundance Institute and\n                The Public Theater to produce the musical  Passing\n                    Strange , which has had successful runs at the Berkeley Repertory\n                Theater, The Public Theater (NYC), and the Belasco Theatre on Broadway. More\n                recently, Spike Lee directed a film version of  Passing\n                    Strange , which is receiving glowing praise at film festivals and aired\n                on PBS in the spring of 2010. As a result of his various creative ventures, Stew has\n                been the recipient of numerous awards, including a 2008 Tony for Best Book of a\n                Musical, two Obie awards for Best New Theater Piece and Best Ensemble as a cast\n                member, and is a four-time Tony nominee. Stew was also the recipient of a 2009 Meet\n                the Composer grant for a new multi-media work  Making\n                    It , commissioned by St. Ann’s Warehouse in New York and scheduled for\n                performance in 2010. Stew’s recorded output includes  Post\n                    Minstrel Syndrome  (1997),  Joys and\n                    Concerns  (1999),  Guest Host  (2000),\n                     The Naked Dutch Painter  (2002),  Welcome Black  (2002),  Something\n                    Deeper than these Changes  (2003), and the cast album of  Passing Strange  (2008). ","Tamar-kali (panelist/interviewee): \n                Songwriter-vocalist-guitarist Tamar-kali came on the New York rock scene around 1993\n                while performing with the band Funkface. Shortly thereafter, she became the front\n                woman for Song of Seven, another New York-based rock band. Eventually, Tamar-kali's\n                strength as a woman in a male-dominated genre led to creative conflict and compelled\n                her toward her own expression as a songwriter and vocalist, which resulted into her\n                eclectic musical style. Her band 5ive Piece incorporates hard-core funk, melodic\n                guitar riffs, dissonant harmonies, even and odd-metered grooves and unorthodox song\n                forms. In addition to the instrumental styles of 5ive Piece, Tamar-kali's diverse\n                vocal range allows her to execute warm, round, dark and raspy tones from low to high\n                registers upon demand. She also performs with the string quartet Psycho Chamber\n                Ensemble, which performs renditions of songs by 5ive Piece as well as those arranged\n                and composed specifically for strings by Tamar-kali. Along with leading her diverse\n                ensembles and heading up her own production company, Flaming Yoni Productions,\n                Tamar-kali has worked with other artists in hip-hop and rock such as Outkast and\n                Fishbone. In addition to appearing in the film  Afro-punk , Tamar-kali has been featured in  Vibe ,  Fader  and  Village Voice  magazines. ","Greg Tate (panelist)  is an American author who has spent\n                the last two decades formulating a critical language that has redefined African\n                American cultural theory and writing. An essayist and long time staff writer for\n                     Village Voice , Tate has published widely, with\n                writings on art, music, and culture appearing in  The New York\n                    Times ,  Rolling Stone ,  The Washington Post ,  Spin ,  Artforum ,  The\n                    Nation ,  DownBeat , and Africa-based\n                magazines such as  Glendora Review  and  Chimurenga . The impact of Tate's writing lies in the\n                seminal productive tensions he navigates between post-structural theory and Black\n                cultural nationalism, academia and street culture. Tate has been inspired by Black\n                innovators such as Miles Davis, Jimi Hendrix, Sly Stone, George Clinton, and the\n                artist Jean-Michel Basquiat. Furthermore, Tate has defied fixed notions about what\n                constitutes authentic Black culture, and has inscribed a new radical trajectory that\n                is simultaneously rebellious yet intelligently written. Now in his 50s, Tate\n                continues to challenge cultural hegemony, writing on everything from hip-hop to\n                     YouTube . His books include  Flyboy in the Buttermilk  (1992),  Midnight\n                    Lightning : Jimi Hendrix and the Black Experience  (2003), and  Everything but the Burden : What White People Are Taking from\n                    Black Culture  (2003). He is also a founding member of the Black Rock\n                Coalition and the conductor and music director of Burnt Sugar, a band that fuses\n                jazz, rock, funk, and African music in a lyrical, exploratory and improvisational\n                manner. ","Kamara Thomas (panelist/interviewee),  along with Matt\n                Whyte, is one of the founding members of the band Earl Greyhound. Living and working\n                in New York City, the pair began performing regularly as a duo. All along, they were\n                crafting the sound and songs that would form the foundation for a colossal rock band\n                influenced by the strident English three- and four-pieces of the '70s, the dark pop\n                and heavy grooves of the '90s, and the transcendental, noisy acid sounds of modern\n                rock. The band's first full-length album,  Soft\n                    Targets , was recorded in Los Angeles and Brooklyn in 2005 and earned the\n                group many fans and critical acclaim from publications including  The New Yorker ,  Spin ,\n                     Rolling Stone ,  Brooklyn\n                    Vegan , and  Pitchfork . Even more so, the\n                band's live show quickly drew heaps of attention and gained a steady reputation\n                among critics and fans alike as a veritable rock-n-roll wrecking ball. Earl\n                Greyhound toured relentlessly for the next two years all over the U.S., Canada, and\n                Japan, and autumn 2007 was spent playing theatres as openers for the band's good\n                friend Shooter Jennings, as well as for Soundgarden and Audioslave's Chris Cornell.\n                In spring 2010 Earl Greyhound released their sophomore album  Suspicious Package . ","Suzanne Thomas (panelist/interviewee):  A real deal blues\n                guitarist and vocalist, Suzanne Thomas no stranger to the blues. Life for Thomas\n                started out as an abandoned biracial child in South Korea, where she lived in an\n                orphanage until an American family adopted her into the States at five. She began\n                studying organ at the age of six and, as fate would have it, Thomas was given her\n                first music lessons and introduction to the organ by the great Jimmy Smith. Thomas\n                abandoned dental school at Ohio State to attend music school in Los Angeles. After\n                time in all-female groups such as School Boy Crush, Software, and PMS, Thomas formed\n                Crank, a 3-piece hard rock band that shared the stage with Ice T and Body Count,\n                Fishbone, and Macy Gray. Thomas has also been hired out as a guitarist to several\n                funk and R\u0026B bands, notably doubling on guitar and bass in the Grammy-winning\n                band A Taste of Honey. She took second place in the 7th annual Jimi Hendrix contest,\n                and played in Japan, France, and New York at various music festivals and events\n                including the Manhattan Music Center. Thomas currently performs with her band The\n                Blues Church. ","Linda Tillery (panelist/interviewee):  Before becoming a\n                prominent figure in women's music in the 1990s, San Francisco native Linda Tillery\n                began her singing career in the 1960s with the gender and racially integrated\n                psychedelic/soul band The Loading Zone, which was modeled somewhat after Sly \u0026\n                the Family Stone. After two albums with that band, Tillery released her solo debut,\n                     Sweet Linda Divine , on CBS in 1970 to\n                enthusiastic reviews and high praise. She spent most of the 1970s singing and\n                playing drums on over forty albums, including those by Mary Watkins and Teresa\n                Trull. Having become a staff musician and producer at Olivia Records, Tillery\n                released her second solo album, a self-titled effort, on the label in 1978,\n                garnering a Bay Area Music Award for Best Independently Produced Album. Tillery has\n                twice gone on to win Bay Area Jazz awards for Outstanding Female Vocalist. In\n                subsequent years, Tillery collaborated with female musical powerhouses including\n                June Millington, Deidre McCalla, Barbara Higbie, and Margie Adam, as well as on the\n                Olivia Records 10th anniversary album,  Meg/Cris Live at\n                    Carnegie  (1983). In 1985, Tillery released  Secrets  on her own 411 label which returned her to center stage. In\n                recent years, she has assembled a large band, Skin Tight, which plays jazzy, funky\n                blues. She has also performed with the ZaSu Pitts Memorial Orchestra and has\n                branched out into radio, film, theater, and television commercials. She has worked\n                for the National Endowment for the Arts and appeared with artists ranging from\n                Santana, Kenny Loggins, and Huey Lewis to the Turtle Island String Quartet, Bobby\n                McFerrin, and Holly Near. In 1992, Tillery created the Cultural Heritage Choir as an\n                outlet for her desire to perform the traditional spiritual music of African American\n                slaves and their descendants. ","Ike Willis (panelist/interviewee)  first met Frank Zappa\n                while studying political science at Washington University. Willis volunteered to\n                help with the concert committee just so he could get a backstage pass to meet Frank\n                Zappa. As a result of this meeting in 1978, Willis became Zappa's lead singer and\n                rhythm guitarist for nearly fifteen years. In addition to touring, Willis performed\n                on Zappa's albums  Joe's Garage ,  Tinsel Town Rebellion , and  You\n                    Are What You Is . He also played the title character and narrator in\n                Zappa's off-Broadway musical,  Thing-Fish . Willis'\n                distinct baritone vocals coupled with his melodic guitar style continues to solidify\n                the musical legacy of Frank Zappa, which Willis promotes not only through his own\n                music, but also via performances with ensembles around the world that perform Frank\n                Zappa's music, such as Bogus Pomp, Project/Object, Ugly Radio Rebellion, and The\n                Central Scrutinizer Band. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOn November 13th and 14th, the Archives of African American Music and Culture (AAAMC)\n                hosted a two-day conference on Black rock on the Indiana University-Bloomington\n                campus. The conference and related activities were open to local and regional\n                musicians, scholars, students, and the general public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eReclaiming the Right to Rock : Black Experiences in Rock\n                    Music\u003c/title\u003e brought together Black rock musicians from different generations\n                and regions with music critics and scholars to discuss the socio-political history,\n                musical developments, and the future of Black rock. The main component of the\n                conference was a set of three panels, each exploring one of the following topics: 1)\n                the conceptualization and origins of Black rock; 2) the politics of Black rock; 3)\n                the face of Black rock in the 21st century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe core panelists were those artists considered to be innovators and practitioners\n                of Black rock in the United States, including representatives from the East and West\n                Coasts such as Linda Tillery, Ike Willis, Tamar-kali, and Netic. The conference also\n                celebrated the 25th anniversary of the Black Rock Coalition, which was founded to\n                create \"a united atmosphere conducive to the maximum development, exposure, [and]\n                acceptance of Black alternative music.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn conjunction with the conference, the AAAMC also collaborated with a number of\n                units and organizations at Indiana University to arrange a series of film\n                screenings, concerts, and workshops, which were hosted on the Bloomington campus\n                during the conference weekend and throughout the Fall 2009 semester.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to professionally videotaped footage of the three conference sessions,\n                the IU Union Board Concert, and one-on-one interviews with each of the panelists\n                (minus Greg Tate), a number of volunteers assisted with documenting the conference\n                and conference-related events. The professionally videotaped footage consists of\n                high definition QuickTime files provided by IU's Radio and Television Services\n                (RTVS). Conference volunteers produced miniDVs as well as image, audio, and video\n                files in a variety of formats. Also included in the collection are a number of\n                internal documents produced by AAAMC staff members during the production of the\n                conference, including publicity materials, contract templates, grant materials, and\n                planning documents. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["On November 13th and 14th, the Archives of African American Music and Culture (AAAMC)\n                hosted a two-day conference on Black rock on the Indiana University-Bloomington\n                campus. The conference and related activities were open to local and regional\n                musicians, scholars, students, and the general public.","Reclaiming the Right to Rock : Black Experiences in Rock\n                    Music  brought together Black rock musicians from different generations\n                and regions with music critics and scholars to discuss the socio-political history,\n                musical developments, and the future of Black rock. The main component of the\n                conference was a set of three panels, each exploring one of the following topics: 1)\n                the conceptualization and origins of Black rock; 2) the politics of Black rock; 3)\n                the face of Black rock in the 21st century.","The core panelists were those artists considered to be innovators and practitioners\n                of Black rock in the United States, including representatives from the East and West\n                Coasts such as Linda Tillery, Ike Willis, Tamar-kali, and Netic. The conference also\n                celebrated the 25th anniversary of the Black Rock Coalition, which was founded to\n                create \"a united atmosphere conducive to the maximum development, exposure, [and]\n                acceptance of Black alternative music.\"","In conjunction with the conference, the AAAMC also collaborated with a number of\n                units and organizations at Indiana University to arrange a series of film\n                screenings, concerts, and workshops, which were hosted on the Bloomington campus\n                during the conference weekend and throughout the Fall 2009 semester.","In addition to professionally videotaped footage of the three conference sessions,\n                the IU Union Board Concert, and one-on-one interviews with each of the panelists\n                (minus Greg Tate), a number of volunteers assisted with documenting the conference\n                and conference-related events. The professionally videotaped footage consists of\n                high definition QuickTime files provided by IU's Radio and Television Services\n                (RTVS). Conference volunteers produced miniDVs as well as image, audio, and video\n                files in a variety of formats. Also included in the collection are a number of\n                internal documents produced by AAAMC staff members during the production of the\n                conference, including publicity materials, contract templates, grant materials, and\n                planning documents. "],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract encodinganalog=\"520\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists of\n                documentation and one-on-one interviews from the AAAMC's two-day conference on Black\n                rock hosted on the Indiana University-Bloomington campus on November 13-14, 2009.\n                The conference and related activities were open to local and regional musicians,\n                scholars, students, and brought together Black rock musicians from different\n                generations and regions with music critics and scholars to discuss the\n                socio-political history, musical developments, and the future of Black rock.\n            \u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of\n                documentation and one-on-one interviews from the AAAMC's two-day conference on Black\n                rock hosted on the Indiana University-Bloomington campus on November 13-14, 2009.\n                The conference and related activities were open to local and regional musicians,\n                scholars, students, and brought together Black rock musicians from different\n                generations and regions with music critics and scholars to discuss the\n                socio-political history, musical developments, and the future of Black rock.\n            "],"names_ssim":["Indiana University, Archives of African American Music and Culture\n                    (AAAMC)","Indiana University, Archives of\n                    African American Music and Culture (AAAMC)","Blues Church (Musical group)","Indiana University, Radio and Television\n                                Services","IU Soul Revue","Monroe County Public Library, Community\n                                Access Television Services","Students enrolled in Telecommunications\n                                T-353","Crazy Horse, Kandia","Fields, Rob","Garofalo, Reebee","Hollinden, Andy, 1961-","Mahon, Maureen","Mitchell, Moe","Netic","Spooner, James","Stew, 1961-","Tamar-kali","Tate, Greg","Thomas, Kamara","Thomas, Suzanne","Tillery, Linda","Willis, Ike","Hollinden, Andy","Stew","McAlpin, Michael","Batcheller, Anna","Sewald, Ronda L.","Allbrittin, Deanna","Berry, William","Brown, Clayton","Ford, Starla","Rizzi, Jessica","Rowley, Ariel","Williams, Lorrin[?]","Orjuela, Fernando[?]","Burnim, Mellonee","Wilkins, Langston","Nelson-Strauss, Brenda","Estrada, Zilia C.","Walter, Rich","Kreiger, Meryl","Unidentified student from Paul Mahern's\n                                \"Audio production\" course","Wallner, Jessie","Ozdegirmenci, Izlem","Cooper, Kailee","Fales, Cornelia","Lee, Mike","Unidentified student from Paul Mahern's\n                                \"Audio Production\" course","Guest-Scott, Anthony","Hatlen, Merrill","Hsu, Hsin-Wen","Teo, Bertrand","Kilpin, Jordan","Powell, Gary","Lamping, Nicholas","Davis, Gareth","Cooper, Tyron"],"corpname_ssim":["Indiana University, Archives of African American Music and Culture\n                    (AAAMC)","Indiana University, Archives of\n                    African American Music and Culture (AAAMC)","Blues Church (Musical group)","Indiana University, Radio and Television\n                                Services","IU Soul Revue","Monroe County Public Library, Community\n                                Access Television Services","Students enrolled in Telecommunications\n                                T-353"],"persname_ssim":["Crazy Horse, Kandia","Fields, Rob","Garofalo, Reebee","Hollinden, Andy, 1961-","Mahon, Maureen","Mitchell, Moe","Netic","Spooner, James","Stew, 1961-","Tamar-kali","Tate, Greg","Thomas, Kamara","Thomas, Suzanne","Tillery, Linda","Willis, Ike","Hollinden, Andy","Stew","McAlpin, Michael","Batcheller, Anna","Sewald, Ronda L.","Allbrittin, Deanna","Berry, William","Brown, Clayton","Ford, Starla","Rizzi, Jessica","Rowley, Ariel","Williams, Lorrin[?]","Orjuela, Fernando[?]","Burnim, Mellonee","Wilkins, Langston","Nelson-Strauss, Brenda","Estrada, Zilia C.","Walter, Rich","Kreiger, Meryl","Unidentified student from Paul Mahern's\n                                \"Audio production\" course","Wallner, Jessie","Ozdegirmenci, Izlem","Cooper, Kailee","Fales, Cornelia","Lee, Mike","Unidentified student from Paul Mahern's\n                                \"Audio Production\" course","Guest-Scott, Anthony","Hatlen, Merrill","Hsu, Hsin-Wen","Teo, Bertrand","Kilpin, Jordan","Powell, Gary","Lamping, Nicholas","Davis, Gareth","Cooper, Tyron"],"language_ssim":[" Materials are in  English . "],"total_component_count_is":84,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"VAB9846","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:03:22.038Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/VAB9846_VAB9846-00037"}},{"id":"reimagining_aspace_7023d0f07a54167873e1c2547b0ac491","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"5. Beverly Harrison - Presentation Invitation, 1998-04-16/1998-04-19","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/reimagining_aspace_7023d0f07a54167873e1c2547b0ac491#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"aspace_7023d0f07a54167873e1c2547b0ac491","ref_ssm":["aspace_7023d0f07a54167873e1c2547b0ac491","aspace_7023d0f07a54167873e1c2547b0ac491"],"id":"reimagining_aspace_7023d0f07a54167873e1c2547b0ac491","title_filing_ssi":"5. Beverly Harrison - Presentation Invitation","title_ssm":["5. Beverly Harrison - Presentation Invitation"],"title_tesim":["5. Beverly Harrison - Presentation Invitation"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1998-04-16/1998-04-19"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1998-04-16/1998-04-19"],"normalized_title_ssm":["5. Beverly Harrison - Presentation Invitation, 1998-04-16/1998-04-19"],"text":["5. Beverly Harrison - Presentation Invitation, 1998-04-16/1998-04-19","Re-Imagining Collection, 1993-2016","Re-Imagining Conferences, 1993-2000","1998 Re-Imagining Revival, 1998-04-16/1998-04-19","44"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ssim":["reimagining","aspace_995889a08cce3d90b04cf8a795ae7126","aspace_74cf5cdb6a5f5ad92c223f10e6804010"],"parent_ssi":"aspace_74cf5cdb6a5f5ad92c223f10e6804010","parent_ids_ssim":["reimagining","reimagining_aspace_995889a08cce3d90b04cf8a795ae7126","reimagining_aspace_74cf5cdb6a5f5ad92c223f10e6804010"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Re-Imagining Collection, 1993-2016","Re-Imagining Conferences, 1993-2000","1998 Re-Imagining Revival, 1998-04-16/1998-04-19"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Re-Imagining Collection, 1993-2016","Re-Imagining Conferences, 1993-2000","1998 Re-Imagining Revival, 1998-04-16/1998-04-19"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Subseries"],"unitid_ssm":["44"],"repository_ssim":["David M. Rubenstein Rare Book and Manuscript Library"],"collection_ssim":["Re-Imagining Collection, 1993-2016"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":285,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to Duke University.\n        For more information, consult the copyright section of the Regulations and Procedures of the\n        David M. Rubenstein Rare Book \u0026 Manuscript Library."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#7/components#4","_nest_parent_":"reimagining_aspace_74cf5cdb6a5f5ad92c223f10e6804010","_root_":"reimagining","timestamp":"2025-02-18T22:58:40.698Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"reimagining","title_ssm":["Re-Imagining Collection"],"title_tesim":["Re-Imagining Collection"],"ead_ssi":"reimagining","unitdate_ssm":["1993-2016"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1993-2016"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RL.11352"],"text":["RL.11352","Re-Imagining Collection, 1993-2016","Feminist theology","Re-Imagining Conference (1993 :\n        Minneapolis, Minn.)","Ecumenical Decade of the Churches in\n        Solidarity with Women (Program)","Collection is open for research.","Oral histories arranged alphabetically, conference materials arranged chronologically.","Re-Imagining: A Global Theological Conference By Women: For Men and Women, was organized by\n        Mary Ann Lundy (Director of the Presbyterian Church USA's Women's Unit), Sally Hill, and\n        other mainline protestant leaders in the United States, to be part of the World Council of\n        Churches' Ecumenical Decade: Churches in Solidarity with Women 1988–1998. The 2,200\n        attendees, met at the Minneapolis Convention Center on November 4 to 7, 1993, participating\n        in presentations and rituals re-imagining male-centric images and language of traditional\n        Christianity.","Dr. Sherry Jordon was awarded her Ph.D in Theology from Yale in 1995 and is currently\n        Associate Professor of Theology at the University of St. Thomas. She specializes in\n        historical theology, particularly the Reformation period, and Women's Studies. Jordon served\n        on the Coordinating Council of the Re-Imagining Community from 1998-2003, spoke at the 2003\n        Re-Imagining Gathering, and wrote an essay on feminist theology for Bless Sophia: Worship,\n        Liturgy, and Ritual of the Re-Imagining Community. As part of her current research on the\n        history and theology of Re-Imagining, she completed sixty-five oral interviews with members\n        of the Re-Imagining Community, leading feminist and womanist theologians who presented at\n        the conferences, people who were on the national staff of the women's units in the\n        Presbyterian (USA) and United Methodist churches, and authors who have written books related\n        to Christian feminism and/or Re-Imagining.","Processed by Craig Breaden, April, 2017","Accessions described in this collection guide: 2016-0317","Re-Imagining is an ecumenical, radical, Christian movement focused on creating ways of\n        understanding Womanist, Feminist, Mujerista, and Asian Feminist theologies, and opening\n        spaces for dialogue with the church, diverse religious communities, and the world.\n        Eighty-two audio files comprise an oral history project by Sherry E. Jordon with 72\n        participants in the Re-Imagining conferences, including the first gathering in 1993,\n        Re-Imagining: A Global Theological Conference By Women: For Men and Women. Additionally, 127\n        mp3 files and 79 audiocassettes comprising Re-Imagining conference sessions and rituals from\n        gatherings in 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, and 2000, as well as papers documenting Jordon's\n        work with Re-Imagining. Interviewees and speakers include Martha O. Adams, Jann\n        Aldredge-Clanton, Gail Allan, Elizabeth Andrew, Diana Butler Bass, Mary Farrell Bednarowski,\n        Elizabeth Bettenhausen, Nadean Bishop, Kathy Black, Donna Blackstock, Steven Blons, Robert\n        Brinkley, Rita Nakashima Brock, John M. Buchanan, Nancy Chinn, Faye Christensen, Hyun Kyung\n        Chung, Susan Cole, J. Ann Craig, Susan Halcomb Craig, Kathy Deacon-Weber, Sister Holy Spirit\n        DeSouza, Heather Murray Elkins, Sara M. Evans, Marylee Fithian, Mary Gates, Marchelle\n        Hallman, Susan Hames, Robin Henry, Maren Hinderlie, José Hobday, Mary E. Hunt, Pamela Carter\n        Joern, Sally Howell Johnson, Katie Johnson, Barbara Anne Keely, Betty Kersting, Judith Allen\n        Kim, Annie Wu King, Rebecca Lynn Kiser, Mary Kuhns, Pui-lan Kwok, Barbara Lund, Barbara K.\n        Lundblad, Mary Ann Weese Lundy, Katherine Austin Mahle, Eily Marlow, Joan M. Martin, Mary\n        Kaye Medinger, Joyce Ann Mercer, Virginia R. Mollenkott, Melanie S. Morrison, Susan\n        Morrison, Mary Clark Moschella, Vivian Jenkins Nelsen, Randy Nelson, Christie Neuger, John\n        Niles, Manley Olson, Ofelia Ortega, Doris Pagelkopf, Rebecca Todd Peters, Virginia Pharr,\n        Joy Mincey Powell, Mary Preus, Anne Primavesi, Bernice Johnson Reagon, Jo Ringgenberg, Mary\n        Kay Sauter, Jeanyne B. Slettom, Jerie Smith, Joyce D. Sohl, Hilda Spann, Allison Stokes,\n        John Strausz-Clement, Judith Strausz-Clement, Sue Swanson, Hal Taussig, Margaret Thomas,\n        Rebecca Tollefson, Carmen Valenzuela, Johanna W.H. Van Wijk-Bos, Emily Wigger, Delores S.\n        Williams, Eugenia Williams, Lois Wilson, and Miriam Therese Winter.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to Duke University.\n        For more information, consult the copyright section of the Regulations and Procedures of the\n        David M. Rubenstein Rare Book \u0026 Manuscript Library.","Re-Imagining is an ecumenical, radical,\n        Christian movement focused on creating ways of understanding Womanist, Feminist, Mujerista,\n        and Asian Feminist theologies, and opening spaces for dialogue with the church, diverse\n        religious communities, and the world. Eighty-two audio files comprise an oral history\n        project by Sherry E. Jordon with 73 participants in the Re-Imagining conferences, including\n        the first gathering in 1993, Re-Imagining: A Global Theological Conference By Women: For Men\n        and Women. Additionally, 127 mp3 files and 79 audiocassettes comprising Re-Imagining\n        conference sessions and rituals from gatherings in 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, and 2000,\n        as well as three linear feet of papers documenting Jordon's work with\n        Re-Imagining.","David M. Rubenstein Rare Book \u0026 Manuscript Library","Andrew, Elizabeth, 1969-","Bass, Diana Butler, 1959-","Bednarowski, Mary Farrell","Bettenhausen, Elizabeth","Bishop, Nadean","Black, Kathy, 1956-","Blackstock, Donna, 1942-","Blons, Steven","Brinkley, Robert","Brock, Rita Nakashima","Buchanan, John M., 1938-","Chinn, Nancy, 1940-","Christensen, Faye, 1944-","Chung, Hyun Kyung","Cole, Susan, 1945-","Craig, J. Ann","Craig, Susan Halcomb, 1941-","Deacon-Weber, Kathy, 1954-","DeSouza, Sister Holy Spirit","Elkins, Heather Murray","Evans, Sara M. (Sara Margaret), 1943-","Fithian, Marylee, 1936-","Gates, Mary, 1934-","Hallman, Marchelle","Hames, Susan, 1944-","Henry, Robin, 1952-","Hinderlie, Maren","Hobday, José","Hunt, Mary E., 1951-","Joern, Pamela Carter, 1948-","Johnson, Katie","Johnson, Sally Howell","Jordon, Sherry E. (Sherry Elaine)","Keely, Barbara Anne, 1952-","Kersting, Betty, 1936-","Kim, Judith Allen, 1946-","King, Annie Wu, 1933-","Kiser, Rebecca Lynn, 1954-","Kuhns, Mary, 1945-","Kwok, Pui-lan","Lund, Barbara, 1964-","Lundblad, Barbara K., 1944-","Lundy, Mary Ann Weese, 1933-","Mahle, Katherine Austin, 1945-","Marlow, Eily, 1975-","Martin, Joan M. (Joan Marie)","Medinger, Mary Kaye, 1946-","Mercer, Joyce Ann, 1957-","Mollenkott, Virginia R.","Morrison, Susan, 1943-","Moschella, Mary Clark","Nelsen, Vivian Jenkins","Nelson, Randy, 1941-","Niles, John, 1945-","Olson, Manley, 1936-","Pagelkopf, Doris, 1938-","Peters, Rebecca Todd","Pharr, Virginia","Powell, Joy Mincey","Preus, Mary","Primavesi, Anne, 1934-","Reagon, Bernice Johnson, 1942-","Ringgenberg, Jo","Sauter, Mary Kay","Slettom, Jeanyne B.","Smith, Jerie","Sohl, Joyce D.","Stokes, Allison, 1942-","Strausz-Clement, John","Strausz-Clement, Judith","Swanson, Sue","Taussig, Hal","Thomas, Margaret","Tollefson, Rebecca","Valenzuela, Carmen","Van Wijk-Bos, Johanna W. H., 1940-","Wigger, Emily","Williams, Delores S.","Williams, Eugenia","Winter, Miriam Therese","Spann, Hilda","Ortega, Ofelia","Morrison, Melanie, 1949-","Adams, Martha O.","Aldredge-Clanton, Jann, 1946-","Allan, Gail, 1954-","Neuger, Christine Cozad, 1952-","Wilson, Lois","English","English","Materials in English"],"unitid_tesim":["RL.11352"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1993-2016"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Re-Imagining Collection, 1993-2016"],"collection_title_tesim":["Re-Imagining Collection, 1993-2016"],"collection_ssim":["Re-Imagining Collection, 1993-2016"],"repository_ssm":["David M. Rubenstein Rare Book and Manuscript Library"],"repository_ssim":["David M. Rubenstein Rare Book and Manuscript Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to Duke University.\n        For more information, consult the copyright section of the Regulations and Procedures of the\n        David M. Rubenstein Rare Book \u0026 Manuscript Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Re-Imagining Collection was received by the David M. Rubenstein Rare Book \u0026\n        Manuscript Library as a gift in 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Feminist theology","Re-Imagining Conference (1993 :\n        Minneapolis, Minn.)","Ecumenical Decade of the Churches in\n        Solidarity with Women (Program)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Feminist theology","Re-Imagining Conference (1993 :\n        Minneapolis, Minn.)","Ecumenical Decade of the Churches in\n        Solidarity with Women (Program)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["3 Linear Feet Two boxes of audio cassettes, one box of papers.","5.7 Gigabytes MP3 audio files, electronic text files"],"extent_tesim":["3 Linear Feet Two boxes of audio cassettes, one box of papers.","5.7 Gigabytes MP3 audio files, electronic text files"],"date_range_isim":[1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOral histories arranged alphabetically, conference materials arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Oral histories arranged alphabetically, conference materials arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRe-Imagining: A Global Theological Conference By Women: For Men and Women, was organized by\n        Mary Ann Lundy (Director of the Presbyterian Church USA's Women's Unit), Sally Hill, and\n        other mainline protestant leaders in the United States, to be part of the World Council of\n        Churches' Ecumenical Decade: Churches in Solidarity with Women 1988–1998. The 2,200\n        attendees, met at the Minneapolis Convention Center on November 4 to 7, 1993, participating\n        in presentations and rituals re-imagining male-centric images and language of traditional\n        Christianity.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr. Sherry Jordon was awarded her Ph.D in Theology from Yale in 1995 and is currently\n        Associate Professor of Theology at the University of St. Thomas. She specializes in\n        historical theology, particularly the Reformation period, and Women's Studies. Jordon served\n        on the Coordinating Council of the Re-Imagining Community from 1998-2003, spoke at the 2003\n        Re-Imagining Gathering, and wrote an essay on feminist theology for Bless Sophia: Worship,\n        Liturgy, and Ritual of the Re-Imagining Community. As part of her current research on the\n        history and theology of Re-Imagining, she completed sixty-five oral interviews with members\n        of the Re-Imagining Community, leading feminist and womanist theologians who presented at\n        the conferences, people who were on the national staff of the women's units in the\n        Presbyterian (USA) and United Methodist churches, and authors who have written books related\n        to Christian feminism and/or Re-Imagining.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical note","Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Re-Imagining: A Global Theological Conference By Women: For Men and Women, was organized by\n        Mary Ann Lundy (Director of the Presbyterian Church USA's Women's Unit), Sally Hill, and\n        other mainline protestant leaders in the United States, to be part of the World Council of\n        Churches' Ecumenical Decade: Churches in Solidarity with Women 1988–1998. The 2,200\n        attendees, met at the Minneapolis Convention Center on November 4 to 7, 1993, participating\n        in presentations and rituals re-imagining male-centric images and language of traditional\n        Christianity.","Dr. Sherry Jordon was awarded her Ph.D in Theology from Yale in 1995 and is currently\n        Associate Professor of Theology at the University of St. Thomas. She specializes in\n        historical theology, particularly the Reformation period, and Women's Studies. Jordon served\n        on the Coordinating Council of the Re-Imagining Community from 1998-2003, spoke at the 2003\n        Re-Imagining Gathering, and wrote an essay on feminist theology for Bless Sophia: Worship,\n        Liturgy, and Ritual of the Re-Imagining Community. As part of her current research on the\n        history and theology of Re-Imagining, she completed sixty-five oral interviews with members\n        of the Re-Imagining Community, leading feminist and womanist theologians who presented at\n        the conferences, people who were on the national staff of the women's units in the\n        Presbyterian (USA) and United Methodist churches, and authors who have written books related\n        to Christian feminism and/or Re-Imagining."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Re-Imagining Collection, David M. Rubenstein Rare Book \u0026amp;\n        Manuscript Library, Duke University.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Re-Imagining Collection, David M. Rubenstein Rare Book \u0026\n        Manuscript Library, Duke University."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Craig Breaden, April, 2017\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccessions described in this collection guide: 2016-0317\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Craig Breaden, April, 2017","Accessions described in this collection guide: 2016-0317"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRe-Imagining is an ecumenical, radical, Christian movement focused on creating ways of\n        understanding Womanist, Feminist, Mujerista, and Asian Feminist theologies, and opening\n        spaces for dialogue with the church, diverse religious communities, and the world.\n        Eighty-two audio files comprise an oral history project by Sherry E. Jordon with 72\n        participants in the Re-Imagining conferences, including the first gathering in 1993,\n        Re-Imagining: A Global Theological Conference By Women: For Men and Women. Additionally, 127\n        mp3 files and 79 audiocassettes comprising Re-Imagining conference sessions and rituals from\n        gatherings in 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, and 2000, as well as papers documenting Jordon's\n        work with Re-Imagining. Interviewees and speakers include Martha O. Adams, Jann\n        Aldredge-Clanton, Gail Allan, Elizabeth Andrew, Diana Butler Bass, Mary Farrell Bednarowski,\n        Elizabeth Bettenhausen, Nadean Bishop, Kathy Black, Donna Blackstock, Steven Blons, Robert\n        Brinkley, Rita Nakashima Brock, John M. Buchanan, Nancy Chinn, Faye Christensen, Hyun Kyung\n        Chung, Susan Cole, J. Ann Craig, Susan Halcomb Craig, Kathy Deacon-Weber, Sister Holy Spirit\n        DeSouza, Heather Murray Elkins, Sara M. Evans, Marylee Fithian, Mary Gates, Marchelle\n        Hallman, Susan Hames, Robin Henry, Maren Hinderlie, José Hobday, Mary E. Hunt, Pamela Carter\n        Joern, Sally Howell Johnson, Katie Johnson, Barbara Anne Keely, Betty Kersting, Judith Allen\n        Kim, Annie Wu King, Rebecca Lynn Kiser, Mary Kuhns, Pui-lan Kwok, Barbara Lund, Barbara K.\n        Lundblad, Mary Ann Weese Lundy, Katherine Austin Mahle, Eily Marlow, Joan M. Martin, Mary\n        Kaye Medinger, Joyce Ann Mercer, Virginia R. Mollenkott, Melanie S. Morrison, Susan\n        Morrison, Mary Clark Moschella, Vivian Jenkins Nelsen, Randy Nelson, Christie Neuger, John\n        Niles, Manley Olson, Ofelia Ortega, Doris Pagelkopf, Rebecca Todd Peters, Virginia Pharr,\n        Joy Mincey Powell, Mary Preus, Anne Primavesi, Bernice Johnson Reagon, Jo Ringgenberg, Mary\n        Kay Sauter, Jeanyne B. Slettom, Jerie Smith, Joyce D. Sohl, Hilda Spann, Allison Stokes,\n        John Strausz-Clement, Judith Strausz-Clement, Sue Swanson, Hal Taussig, Margaret Thomas,\n        Rebecca Tollefson, Carmen Valenzuela, Johanna W.H. Van Wijk-Bos, Emily Wigger, Delores S.\n        Williams, Eugenia Williams, Lois Wilson, and Miriam Therese Winter.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Collection Overview"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Re-Imagining is an ecumenical, radical, Christian movement focused on creating ways of\n        understanding Womanist, Feminist, Mujerista, and Asian Feminist theologies, and opening\n        spaces for dialogue with the church, diverse religious communities, and the world.\n        Eighty-two audio files comprise an oral history project by Sherry E. Jordon with 72\n        participants in the Re-Imagining conferences, including the first gathering in 1993,\n        Re-Imagining: A Global Theological Conference By Women: For Men and Women. Additionally, 127\n        mp3 files and 79 audiocassettes comprising Re-Imagining conference sessions and rituals from\n        gatherings in 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, and 2000, as well as papers documenting Jordon's\n        work with Re-Imagining. Interviewees and speakers include Martha O. Adams, Jann\n        Aldredge-Clanton, Gail Allan, Elizabeth Andrew, Diana Butler Bass, Mary Farrell Bednarowski,\n        Elizabeth Bettenhausen, Nadean Bishop, Kathy Black, Donna Blackstock, Steven Blons, Robert\n        Brinkley, Rita Nakashima Brock, John M. Buchanan, Nancy Chinn, Faye Christensen, Hyun Kyung\n        Chung, Susan Cole, J. Ann Craig, Susan Halcomb Craig, Kathy Deacon-Weber, Sister Holy Spirit\n        DeSouza, Heather Murray Elkins, Sara M. Evans, Marylee Fithian, Mary Gates, Marchelle\n        Hallman, Susan Hames, Robin Henry, Maren Hinderlie, José Hobday, Mary E. Hunt, Pamela Carter\n        Joern, Sally Howell Johnson, Katie Johnson, Barbara Anne Keely, Betty Kersting, Judith Allen\n        Kim, Annie Wu King, Rebecca Lynn Kiser, Mary Kuhns, Pui-lan Kwok, Barbara Lund, Barbara K.\n        Lundblad, Mary Ann Weese Lundy, Katherine Austin Mahle, Eily Marlow, Joan M. Martin, Mary\n        Kaye Medinger, Joyce Ann Mercer, Virginia R. Mollenkott, Melanie S. Morrison, Susan\n        Morrison, Mary Clark Moschella, Vivian Jenkins Nelsen, Randy Nelson, Christie Neuger, John\n        Niles, Manley Olson, Ofelia Ortega, Doris Pagelkopf, Rebecca Todd Peters, Virginia Pharr,\n        Joy Mincey Powell, Mary Preus, Anne Primavesi, Bernice Johnson Reagon, Jo Ringgenberg, Mary\n        Kay Sauter, Jeanyne B. Slettom, Jerie Smith, Joyce D. Sohl, Hilda Spann, Allison Stokes,\n        John Strausz-Clement, Judith Strausz-Clement, Sue Swanson, Hal Taussig, Margaret Thomas,\n        Rebecca Tollefson, Carmen Valenzuela, Johanna W.H. Van Wijk-Bos, Emily Wigger, Delores S.\n        Williams, Eugenia Williams, Lois Wilson, and Miriam Therese Winter."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to Duke University.\n        For more information, consult the copyright section of the Regulations and Procedures of the\n        David M. Rubenstein Rare Book \u0026amp; Manuscript Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to Duke University.\n        For more information, consult the copyright section of the Regulations and Procedures of the\n        David M. Rubenstein Rare Book \u0026 Manuscript Library."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f7f6d2f5ebd091a28e15eeda3b5ef959\"\u003eRe-Imagining is an ecumenical, radical,\n        Christian movement focused on creating ways of understanding Womanist, Feminist, Mujerista,\n        and Asian Feminist theologies, and opening spaces for dialogue with the church, diverse\n        religious communities, and the world. Eighty-two audio files comprise an oral history\n        project by Sherry E. Jordon with 73 participants in the Re-Imagining conferences, including\n        the first gathering in 1993, Re-Imagining: A Global Theological Conference By Women: For Men\n        and Women. Additionally, 127 mp3 files and 79 audiocassettes comprising Re-Imagining\n        conference sessions and rituals from gatherings in 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, and 2000,\n        as well as three linear feet of papers documenting Jordon's work with\n        Re-Imagining.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Re-Imagining is an ecumenical, radical,\n        Christian movement focused on creating ways of understanding Womanist, Feminist, Mujerista,\n        and Asian Feminist theologies, and opening spaces for dialogue with the church, diverse\n        religious communities, and the world. Eighty-two audio files comprise an oral history\n        project by Sherry E. Jordon with 73 participants in the Re-Imagining conferences, including\n        the first gathering in 1993, Re-Imagining: A Global Theological Conference By Women: For Men\n        and Women. Additionally, 127 mp3 files and 79 audiocassettes comprising Re-Imagining\n        conference sessions and rituals from gatherings in 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, and 2000,\n        as well as three linear feet of papers documenting Jordon's work with\n        Re-Imagining."],"names_ssim":["David M. Rubenstein Rare Book \u0026 Manuscript Library","Andrew, Elizabeth, 1969-","Bass, Diana Butler, 1959-","Bednarowski, Mary Farrell","Bettenhausen, Elizabeth","Bishop, Nadean","Black, Kathy, 1956-","Blackstock, Donna, 1942-","Blons, Steven","Brinkley, Robert","Brock, Rita Nakashima","Buchanan, John M., 1938-","Chinn, Nancy, 1940-","Christensen, Faye, 1944-","Chung, Hyun Kyung","Cole, Susan, 1945-","Craig, J. Ann","Craig, Susan Halcomb, 1941-","Deacon-Weber, Kathy, 1954-","DeSouza, Sister Holy Spirit","Elkins, Heather Murray","Evans, Sara M. (Sara Margaret), 1943-","Fithian, Marylee, 1936-","Gates, Mary, 1934-","Hallman, Marchelle","Hames, Susan, 1944-","Henry, Robin, 1952-","Hinderlie, Maren","Hobday, José","Hunt, Mary E., 1951-","Joern, Pamela Carter, 1948-","Johnson, Katie","Johnson, Sally Howell","Jordon, Sherry E. (Sherry Elaine)","Keely, Barbara Anne, 1952-","Kersting, Betty, 1936-","Kim, Judith Allen, 1946-","King, Annie Wu, 1933-","Kiser, Rebecca Lynn, 1954-","Kuhns, Mary, 1945-","Kwok, Pui-lan","Lund, Barbara, 1964-","Lundblad, Barbara K., 1944-","Lundy, Mary Ann Weese, 1933-","Mahle, Katherine Austin, 1945-","Marlow, Eily, 1975-","Martin, Joan M. (Joan Marie)","Medinger, Mary Kaye, 1946-","Mercer, Joyce Ann, 1957-","Mollenkott, Virginia R.","Morrison, Susan, 1943-","Moschella, Mary Clark","Nelsen, Vivian Jenkins","Nelson, Randy, 1941-","Niles, John, 1945-","Olson, Manley, 1936-","Pagelkopf, Doris, 1938-","Peters, Rebecca Todd","Pharr, Virginia","Powell, Joy Mincey","Preus, Mary","Primavesi, Anne, 1934-","Reagon, Bernice Johnson, 1942-","Ringgenberg, Jo","Sauter, Mary Kay","Slettom, Jeanyne B.","Smith, Jerie","Sohl, Joyce D.","Stokes, Allison, 1942-","Strausz-Clement, John","Strausz-Clement, Judith","Swanson, Sue","Taussig, Hal","Thomas, Margaret","Tollefson, Rebecca","Valenzuela, Carmen","Van Wijk-Bos, Johanna W. H., 1940-","Wigger, Emily","Williams, Delores S.","Williams, Eugenia","Winter, Miriam Therese","Spann, Hilda","Ortega, Ofelia","Morrison, Melanie, 1949-","Adams, Martha O.","Aldredge-Clanton, Jann, 1946-","Allan, Gail, 1954-","Neuger, Christine Cozad, 1952-","Wilson, Lois"],"corpname_ssim":["David M. Rubenstein Rare Book \u0026 Manuscript Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Andrew, Elizabeth, 1969-","Bass, Diana Butler, 1959-","Bednarowski, Mary Farrell","Bettenhausen, Elizabeth","Bishop, Nadean","Black, Kathy, 1956-","Blackstock, Donna, 1942-","Blons, Steven","Brinkley, Robert","Brock, Rita Nakashima","Buchanan, John M., 1938-","Chinn, Nancy, 1940-","Christensen, Faye, 1944-","Chung, Hyun Kyung","Cole, Susan, 1945-","Craig, J. Ann","Craig, Susan Halcomb, 1941-","Deacon-Weber, Kathy, 1954-","DeSouza, Sister Holy Spirit","Elkins, Heather Murray","Evans, Sara M. (Sara Margaret), 1943-","Fithian, Marylee, 1936-","Gates, Mary, 1934-","Hallman, Marchelle","Hames, Susan, 1944-","Henry, Robin, 1952-","Hinderlie, Maren","Hobday, José","Hunt, Mary E., 1951-","Joern, Pamela Carter, 1948-","Johnson, Katie","Johnson, Sally Howell","Jordon, Sherry E. (Sherry Elaine)","Keely, Barbara Anne, 1952-","Kersting, Betty, 1936-","Kim, Judith Allen, 1946-","King, Annie Wu, 1933-","Kiser, Rebecca Lynn, 1954-","Kuhns, Mary, 1945-","Kwok, Pui-lan","Lund, Barbara, 1964-","Lundblad, Barbara K., 1944-","Lundy, Mary Ann Weese, 1933-","Mahle, Katherine Austin, 1945-","Marlow, Eily, 1975-","Martin, Joan M. (Joan Marie)","Medinger, Mary Kaye, 1946-","Mercer, Joyce Ann, 1957-","Mollenkott, Virginia R.","Morrison, Susan, 1943-","Moschella, Mary Clark","Nelsen, Vivian Jenkins","Nelson, Randy, 1941-","Niles, John, 1945-","Olson, Manley, 1936-","Pagelkopf, Doris, 1938-","Peters, Rebecca Todd","Pharr, Virginia","Powell, Joy Mincey","Preus, Mary","Primavesi, Anne, 1934-","Reagon, Bernice Johnson, 1942-","Ringgenberg, Jo","Sauter, Mary Kay","Slettom, Jeanyne B.","Smith, Jerie","Sohl, Joyce D.","Stokes, Allison, 1942-","Strausz-Clement, John","Strausz-Clement, Judith","Swanson, Sue","Taussig, Hal","Thomas, Margaret","Tollefson, Rebecca","Valenzuela, Carmen","Van Wijk-Bos, Johanna W. H., 1940-","Wigger, Emily","Williams, Delores S.","Williams, Eugenia","Winter, Miriam Therese","Spann, Hilda","Ortega, Ofelia","Morrison, Melanie, 1949-","Adams, Martha O.","Aldredge-Clanton, Jann, 1946-","Allan, Gail, 1954-","Neuger, Christine Cozad, 1952-","Wilson, Lois"],"persname_ssim":["Andrew, Elizabeth, 1969-","Bass, Diana Butler, 1959-","Bednarowski, Mary Farrell","Bettenhausen, Elizabeth","Bishop, Nadean","Black, Kathy, 1956-","Blackstock, Donna, 1942-","Blons, Steven","Brinkley, Robert","Brock, Rita Nakashima","Buchanan, John M., 1938-","Chinn, Nancy, 1940-","Christensen, Faye, 1944-","Chung, Hyun Kyung","Cole, Susan, 1945-","Craig, J. Ann","Craig, Susan Halcomb, 1941-","Deacon-Weber, Kathy, 1954-","DeSouza, Sister Holy Spirit","Elkins, Heather Murray","Evans, Sara M. (Sara Margaret), 1943-","Fithian, Marylee, 1936-","Gates, Mary, 1934-","Hallman, Marchelle","Hames, Susan, 1944-","Henry, Robin, 1952-","Hinderlie, Maren","Hobday, José","Hunt, Mary E., 1951-","Joern, Pamela Carter, 1948-","Johnson, Katie","Johnson, Sally Howell","Jordon, Sherry E. (Sherry Elaine)","Keely, Barbara Anne, 1952-","Kersting, Betty, 1936-","Kim, Judith Allen, 1946-","King, Annie Wu, 1933-","Kiser, Rebecca Lynn, 1954-","Kuhns, Mary, 1945-","Kwok, Pui-lan","Lund, Barbara, 1964-","Lundblad, Barbara K., 1944-","Lundy, Mary Ann Weese, 1933-","Mahle, Katherine Austin, 1945-","Marlow, Eily, 1975-","Martin, Joan M. (Joan Marie)","Medinger, Mary Kaye, 1946-","Mercer, Joyce Ann, 1957-","Mollenkott, Virginia R.","Morrison, Susan, 1943-","Moschella, Mary Clark","Nelsen, Vivian Jenkins","Nelson, Randy, 1941-","Niles, John, 1945-","Olson, Manley, 1936-","Pagelkopf, Doris, 1938-","Peters, Rebecca Todd","Pharr, Virginia","Powell, Joy Mincey","Preus, Mary","Primavesi, Anne, 1934-","Reagon, Bernice Johnson, 1942-","Ringgenberg, Jo","Sauter, Mary Kay","Slettom, Jeanyne B.","Smith, Jerie","Sohl, Joyce D.","Stokes, Allison, 1942-","Strausz-Clement, John","Strausz-Clement, Judith","Swanson, Sue","Taussig, Hal","Thomas, Margaret","Tollefson, Rebecca","Valenzuela, Carmen","Van Wijk-Bos, Johanna W. H., 1940-","Wigger, Emily","Williams, Delores S.","Williams, Eugenia","Winter, Miriam Therese","Spann, Hilda","Ortega, Ofelia","Morrison, Melanie, 1949-","Adams, Martha O.","Aldredge-Clanton, Jann, 1946-","Allan, Gail, 1954-","Neuger, Christine Cozad, 1952-","Wilson, Lois"],"language_ssim":["English","English","Materials in English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":345,"online_item_count_is":65,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"reimagining","timestamp":"2025-02-18T22:58:40.698Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/reimagining_aspace_7023d0f07a54167873e1c2547b0ac491"}},{"id":"m0292-xml_aspace_ref326_u1u","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"5) Black scrapbook - No title \u0026 no identification - personal photos \u0026 scenie Western tombs tour - photos","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/m0292-xml_aspace_ref326_u1u#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"aspace_ref326_u1u","ref_ssm":["aspace_ref326_u1u","aspace_ref326_u1u"],"id":"m0292-xml_aspace_ref326_u1u","title_filing_ssi":"5) Black scrapbook - No title \u0026 no identification - personal photos \u0026 scenie Western tombs tour - photos","title_ssm":["5) Black scrapbook - No title \u0026 no identification - personal photos \u0026 scenie Western tombs tour - photos"],"title_tesim":["5) Black scrapbook - No title \u0026 no identification - personal photos \u0026 scenie Western tombs tour - photos"],"normalized_title_ssm":["5) Black scrapbook - No title \u0026 no identification - personal photos \u0026 scenie Western tombs tour - photos"],"text":["5) Black scrapbook - No title \u0026 no identification - personal photos \u0026 scenie Western tombs tour - photos","Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968","Photos"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ssim":["m0292-xml","aspace_ref321_rwp"],"parent_ssi":"aspace_ref321_rwp","parent_ids_ssim":["m0292-xml","m0292-xml_aspace_ref321_rwp"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968","Photos"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968","Photos"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","File"],"repository_ssim":["Stanford University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":308,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["None."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Property rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections."],"_nest_path_":"/components#11/components#4","_nest_parent_":"m0292-xml_aspace_ref321_rwp","_root_":"m0292-xml","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:07:35.736Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"m0292-xml","title_ssm":["Clarke Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Clarke Family Papers"],"ead_ssi":"m0292.xml","unitdate_ssm":["1904-1968"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1904-1968"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M0292"],"text":["M0292","Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968","None.","1. Palmer, J.P.:  Jade  Spring Books; London, 1967.","2.  The Encyclopedia Sinica  Couling, Samuel Kelly \u0026 Walsh; Shanghai, 1917.","3. Thiel, albert W.R.:  Chinese Pottery and Stoneware  Thos. nelson \u0026 Sons; N.Y., N.D.","4. Goette, John:  Jade Lore  Kelly \u0026 Walsh; Shanghai, 1936.","5. Forsyth, Robb. Coventry:  Shanting, The Sacred Province of China  Christian Literature Society; Shanghai, 1912","6. Graham, Dorothy:  Through the moon Door  J. H. Sears \u0026 Co.; N.Y., 1926.","7. Brandt, J.:  Introduction to Literary Chinese  North China Union Language School; Peking, 1927.","8. Weale, B.L. Putnam:  The Vanished Empire  Macmillan \u0026 Co.; London, 1926.","9. Jennu, Delia:  Letter from Peking  Oxford UP; London, 1967.","10. Busheel, Stephen W.:  Chinese [UNK]  V. I Eyre \u0026 Spottiswoode; London, 1909.","11. Smith, Arthur H.:  Chinese Characteristics  3rd ed. Fleming H. Revell Co.; n.y., 1894.","12. Grubb, Norman P.:  C.T.Studd,  Cricketer \u0026 Pioneer  Religious Tract Society; London, 1933.","13. Martin, W.A.P.:  The Siege in Peking  Oliphant Anderson \u0026 Ferrier; Edinburgh, 1900.","14. Lymn, Jermyn Chi-Hung:  Social Life of The Chinese in Peking  China Booksellers; Peking, 1928.","15. Strong, [UNK] [UNK]:  a Sketch of Chinese Cuts \u0026 Crafts  China Bhsellers; Peking, 1926.","The daughter of Dr. Charles Fletcher Johnson and Agnes Elliott Johnson, Ruth Clarke was born on April 2, 1890 in Wei Hsien, Shantung, China where she quickly mastered Mandarin Chinese. She was educated at Miss Jewell's School in Shanghai which was also attended by Miss Pearl Buck. After visiting her Uncle Hosmer Johnson in Washington D.C., Ruth entered and graduated from Wilson College (Chambersburg, Pa.) in 1912. She then returned to Shanghai to accept a teaching position at Miss Jewell's.","In 1916 Ruth Johnson accepted a new position in the Peking American School. It was there that she met J. Eric G. Clarke whom she married on June 21, 1916 in Tsinanfu, Shantung. The Rev. W. P. Chalfant officiated. Kathleen Clarke, Margaret Emma Johnson, Gerald Clarke and Hosmer F. Johnson were members of the wedding party Dating from this ceremony, the couple often signed their combined correspondence Rutheric. Following a brief honeymoon in Tai Shan, the couple returned to Peking where they resided for the next 16 years. During this period Mrs. Clarke made several trips to the United States where she exhibited many of the fabulous Oriental art treasures she had collected throughout her stay in China.","Soon after the couple moved to Shanghai the threat of war between Japan and China became reality. Overnight, internment camps were set up for aliens like the Clarkes. Their homes were occupied by Japanese soldiers as soon as they were evacuated by the local Occupation authorities. From April 10, 1943 until a few weeks following the Japanese surrender to MacArthur on August 14, 1945, the Clarkes were confined at Lung Hwa Camp near Peking.","Among the nearly 1800 interns at Lung Hwa were men and women from all professions and backgrounds. Although spirits were high during the first season at the camp, morale worsened during the winter--food became scarce and poorer in quality and the stoves which the Japanese installed on each floor of the ten dormitories were never lit. The cubicles they occupied were 4`8 by 22' long. Despite the difficult conditions they encountered at the camp, the Clarkes and their fellow inmates managed to maintain a high level of personal development which is reflected in the many activities enjoyed at the camp: lectures, plays, musical productions and many other kinds of intellectual stimulation. One of the most amusing highlights of their stay was the development of a game called Dictionary Please. Because of their limited reading material, the Clarkes designed a game which relied only upon the dictionary they brought with them and their active imaginations. The game was so successful that it became a partial livelihood following their return to America in 1946.","Residing in Portland, Oregon, Mr. and Mrs. Clarke remained active socially and intellectually. Mrs. Clarke served as president of Zonta International and the Lewis and Clarke's Women's League. Mrs. Clarke now resides in Mountain View, California.","Gift of Ruth Elliott Johnson Clarke.","Correspondence, photographs (of China), books and pamphlets about Chinese art, etc.","Property rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections.","Department of Special Collections and University Archives","Clarke family","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M0292"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1904-1968"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968"],"collection_title_tesim":["Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968"],"collection_ssim":["Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968"],"repository_ssm":["Stanford University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Stanford University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Clarke family"],"creator_ssim":["Clarke family"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Clarke family"],"creators_ssim":["Clarke family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Property rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["10 Linear Feet ca. 10 linear ft."],"extent_tesim":["10 Linear Feet ca. 10 linear ft."],"date_range_isim":[1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["None."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003e1. Palmer, J.P.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eJade \u003c/emph\u003eSpring Books; London, 1967.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e2. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Encyclopedia Sinica \u003c/emph\u003eCouling, Samuel Kelly \u0026amp; Walsh; Shanghai, 1917.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e3. Thiel, albert W.R.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eChinese Pottery and Stoneware \u003c/emph\u003eThos. nelson \u0026amp; Sons; N.Y., N.D.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e4. Goette, John: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eJade Lore \u003c/emph\u003eKelly \u0026amp; Walsh; Shanghai, 1936.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e5. Forsyth, Robb. Coventry: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eShanting, The Sacred Province of China \u003c/emph\u003eChristian Literature Society; Shanghai, 1912\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e6. Graham, Dorothy: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThrough the moon Door \u003c/emph\u003eJ. H. Sears \u0026amp; Co.; N.Y., 1926.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e7. Brandt, J.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eIntroduction to Literary Chinese \u003c/emph\u003eNorth China Union Language School; Peking, 1927.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e8. Weale, B.L. Putnam: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Vanished Empire \u003c/emph\u003eMacmillan \u0026amp; Co.; London, 1926.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e9. Jennu, Delia: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLetter from Peking \u003c/emph\u003eOxford UP; London, 1967.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e10. Busheel, Stephen W.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eChinese [UNK] \u003c/emph\u003eV. I Eyre \u0026amp; Spottiswoode; London, 1909.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e11. Smith, Arthur H.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eChinese Characteristics \u003c/emph\u003e3rd ed. Fleming H. Revell Co.; n.y., 1894.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e12. Grubb, Norman P.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eC.T.Studd, \u003c/emph\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCricketer \u0026amp; Pioneer \u003c/emph\u003eReligious Tract Society; London, 1933.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e13. Martin, W.A.P.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Siege in Peking \u003c/emph\u003eOliphant Anderson \u0026amp; Ferrier; Edinburgh, 1900.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e14. Lymn, Jermyn Chi-Hung: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSocial Life of The Chinese in Peking \u003c/emph\u003eChina Booksellers; Peking, 1928.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e15. Strong, [UNK] [UNK]: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ea Sketch of Chinese Cuts \u0026amp; Crafts \u003c/emph\u003eChina Bhsellers; Peking, 1926.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Reference Materials"],"bibliography_tesim":["1. Palmer, J.P.:  Jade  Spring Books; London, 1967.","2.  The Encyclopedia Sinica  Couling, Samuel Kelly \u0026 Walsh; Shanghai, 1917.","3. Thiel, albert W.R.:  Chinese Pottery and Stoneware  Thos. nelson \u0026 Sons; N.Y., N.D.","4. Goette, John:  Jade Lore  Kelly \u0026 Walsh; Shanghai, 1936.","5. Forsyth, Robb. Coventry:  Shanting, The Sacred Province of China  Christian Literature Society; Shanghai, 1912","6. Graham, Dorothy:  Through the moon Door  J. H. Sears \u0026 Co.; N.Y., 1926.","7. Brandt, J.:  Introduction to Literary Chinese  North China Union Language School; Peking, 1927.","8. Weale, B.L. Putnam:  The Vanished Empire  Macmillan \u0026 Co.; London, 1926.","9. Jennu, Delia:  Letter from Peking  Oxford UP; London, 1967.","10. Busheel, Stephen W.:  Chinese [UNK]  V. I Eyre \u0026 Spottiswoode; London, 1909.","11. Smith, Arthur H.:  Chinese Characteristics  3rd ed. Fleming H. Revell Co.; n.y., 1894.","12. Grubb, Norman P.:  C.T.Studd,  Cricketer \u0026 Pioneer  Religious Tract Society; London, 1933.","13. Martin, W.A.P.:  The Siege in Peking  Oliphant Anderson \u0026 Ferrier; Edinburgh, 1900.","14. Lymn, Jermyn Chi-Hung:  Social Life of The Chinese in Peking  China Booksellers; Peking, 1928.","15. Strong, [UNK] [UNK]:  a Sketch of Chinese Cuts \u0026 Crafts  China Bhsellers; Peking, 1926."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe daughter of Dr. Charles Fletcher Johnson and Agnes Elliott Johnson, Ruth Clarke was born on April 2, 1890 in Wei Hsien, Shantung, China where she quickly mastered Mandarin Chinese. She was educated at Miss Jewell's School in Shanghai which was also attended by Miss Pearl Buck. After visiting her Uncle Hosmer Johnson in Washington D.C., Ruth entered and graduated from Wilson College (Chambersburg, Pa.) in 1912. She then returned to Shanghai to accept a teaching position at Miss Jewell's.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1916 Ruth Johnson accepted a new position in the Peking American School. It was there that she met J. Eric G. Clarke whom she married on June 21, 1916 in Tsinanfu, Shantung. The Rev. W. P. Chalfant officiated. Kathleen Clarke, Margaret Emma Johnson, Gerald Clarke and Hosmer F. Johnson were members of the wedding party Dating from this ceremony, the couple often signed their combined correspondence Rutheric. Following a brief honeymoon in Tai Shan, the couple returned to Peking where they resided for the next 16 years. During this period Mrs. Clarke made several trips to the United States where she exhibited many of the fabulous Oriental art treasures she had collected throughout her stay in China.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSoon after the couple moved to Shanghai the threat of war between Japan and China became reality. Overnight, internment camps were set up for aliens like the Clarkes. Their homes were occupied by Japanese soldiers as soon as they were evacuated by the local Occupation authorities. From April 10, 1943 until a few weeks following the Japanese surrender to MacArthur on August 14, 1945, the Clarkes were confined at Lung Hwa Camp near Peking.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAmong the nearly 1800 interns at Lung Hwa were men and women from all professions and backgrounds. Although spirits were high during the first season at the camp, morale worsened during the winter--food became scarce and poorer in quality and the stoves which the Japanese installed on each floor of the ten dormitories were never lit. The cubicles they occupied were 4`8 by 22' long. Despite the difficult conditions they encountered at the camp, the Clarkes and their fellow inmates managed to maintain a high level of personal development which is reflected in the many activities enjoyed at the camp: lectures, plays, musical productions and many other kinds of intellectual stimulation. One of the most amusing highlights of their stay was the development of a game called Dictionary Please. Because of their limited reading material, the Clarkes designed a game which relied only upon the dictionary they brought with them and their active imaginations. The game was so successful that it became a partial livelihood following their return to America in 1946.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResiding in Portland, Oregon, Mr. and Mrs. Clarke remained active socially and intellectually. Mrs. Clarke served as president of Zonta International and the Lewis and Clarke's Women's League. Mrs. Clarke now resides in Mountain View, California.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The daughter of Dr. Charles Fletcher Johnson and Agnes Elliott Johnson, Ruth Clarke was born on April 2, 1890 in Wei Hsien, Shantung, China where she quickly mastered Mandarin Chinese. She was educated at Miss Jewell's School in Shanghai which was also attended by Miss Pearl Buck. After visiting her Uncle Hosmer Johnson in Washington D.C., Ruth entered and graduated from Wilson College (Chambersburg, Pa.) in 1912. She then returned to Shanghai to accept a teaching position at Miss Jewell's.","In 1916 Ruth Johnson accepted a new position in the Peking American School. It was there that she met J. Eric G. Clarke whom she married on June 21, 1916 in Tsinanfu, Shantung. The Rev. W. P. Chalfant officiated. Kathleen Clarke, Margaret Emma Johnson, Gerald Clarke and Hosmer F. Johnson were members of the wedding party Dating from this ceremony, the couple often signed their combined correspondence Rutheric. Following a brief honeymoon in Tai Shan, the couple returned to Peking where they resided for the next 16 years. During this period Mrs. Clarke made several trips to the United States where she exhibited many of the fabulous Oriental art treasures she had collected throughout her stay in China.","Soon after the couple moved to Shanghai the threat of war between Japan and China became reality. Overnight, internment camps were set up for aliens like the Clarkes. Their homes were occupied by Japanese soldiers as soon as they were evacuated by the local Occupation authorities. From April 10, 1943 until a few weeks following the Japanese surrender to MacArthur on August 14, 1945, the Clarkes were confined at Lung Hwa Camp near Peking.","Among the nearly 1800 interns at Lung Hwa were men and women from all professions and backgrounds. Although spirits were high during the first season at the camp, morale worsened during the winter--food became scarce and poorer in quality and the stoves which the Japanese installed on each floor of the ten dormitories were never lit. The cubicles they occupied were 4`8 by 22' long. Despite the difficult conditions they encountered at the camp, the Clarkes and their fellow inmates managed to maintain a high level of personal development which is reflected in the many activities enjoyed at the camp: lectures, plays, musical productions and many other kinds of intellectual stimulation. One of the most amusing highlights of their stay was the development of a game called Dictionary Please. Because of their limited reading material, the Clarkes designed a game which relied only upon the dictionary they brought with them and their active imaginations. The game was so successful that it became a partial livelihood following their return to America in 1946.","Residing in Portland, Oregon, Mr. and Mrs. Clarke remained active socially and intellectually. Mrs. Clarke served as president of Zonta International and the Lewis and Clarke's Women's League. Mrs. Clarke now resides in Mountain View, California."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGift of Ruth Elliott Johnson Clarke.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["Gift of Ruth Elliott Johnson Clarke."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item] Clarke Family Papers, M0292, Dept. of Special Collections, Stanford University Libraries, Stanford, Calif.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item] Clarke Family Papers, M0292, Dept. of Special Collections, Stanford University Libraries, Stanford, Calif."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, photographs (of China), books and pamphlets about Chinese art, etc.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Correspondence, photographs (of China), books and pamphlets about Chinese art, etc."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProperty rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Publication Rights"],"userestrict_tesim":["Property rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections."],"names_ssim":["Department of Special Collections and University Archives","Clarke family"],"corpname_ssim":["Department of Special Collections and University Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Clarke family"],"famname_ssim":["Clarke family"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":348,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"m0292-xml","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:07:35.736Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/m0292-xml_aspace_ref326_u1u"}},{"id":"m0292-xml_aspace_ref121_zb9","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"5. Chao-Ch'un Teh","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/m0292-xml_aspace_ref121_zb9#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"aspace_ref121_zb9","ref_ssm":["aspace_ref121_zb9","aspace_ref121_zb9"],"id":"m0292-xml_aspace_ref121_zb9","title_filing_ssi":"5. Chao-Ch'un Teh","title_ssm":["5. Chao-Ch'un Teh"],"title_tesim":["5. Chao-Ch'un Teh"],"normalized_title_ssm":["5. Chao-Ch'un Teh"],"text":["5. Chao-Ch'un Teh","Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968","Series B"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ssim":["m0292-xml","aspace_ref116_3iz"],"parent_ssi":"aspace_ref116_3iz","parent_ids_ssim":["m0292-xml","m0292-xml_aspace_ref116_3iz"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968","Series B"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968","Series B"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series"],"repository_ssim":["Stanford University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":107,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["None."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Property rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections."],"_nest_path_":"/components#5/components#4","_nest_parent_":"m0292-xml_aspace_ref116_3iz","_root_":"m0292-xml","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:07:35.736Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"m0292-xml","title_ssm":["Clarke Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Clarke Family Papers"],"ead_ssi":"m0292.xml","unitdate_ssm":["1904-1968"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1904-1968"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M0292"],"text":["M0292","Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968","None.","1. Palmer, J.P.:  Jade  Spring Books; London, 1967.","2.  The Encyclopedia Sinica  Couling, Samuel Kelly \u0026 Walsh; Shanghai, 1917.","3. Thiel, albert W.R.:  Chinese Pottery and Stoneware  Thos. nelson \u0026 Sons; N.Y., N.D.","4. Goette, John:  Jade Lore  Kelly \u0026 Walsh; Shanghai, 1936.","5. Forsyth, Robb. Coventry:  Shanting, The Sacred Province of China  Christian Literature Society; Shanghai, 1912","6. Graham, Dorothy:  Through the moon Door  J. H. Sears \u0026 Co.; N.Y., 1926.","7. Brandt, J.:  Introduction to Literary Chinese  North China Union Language School; Peking, 1927.","8. Weale, B.L. Putnam:  The Vanished Empire  Macmillan \u0026 Co.; London, 1926.","9. Jennu, Delia:  Letter from Peking  Oxford UP; London, 1967.","10. Busheel, Stephen W.:  Chinese [UNK]  V. I Eyre \u0026 Spottiswoode; London, 1909.","11. Smith, Arthur H.:  Chinese Characteristics  3rd ed. Fleming H. Revell Co.; n.y., 1894.","12. Grubb, Norman P.:  C.T.Studd,  Cricketer \u0026 Pioneer  Religious Tract Society; London, 1933.","13. Martin, W.A.P.:  The Siege in Peking  Oliphant Anderson \u0026 Ferrier; Edinburgh, 1900.","14. Lymn, Jermyn Chi-Hung:  Social Life of The Chinese in Peking  China Booksellers; Peking, 1928.","15. Strong, [UNK] [UNK]:  a Sketch of Chinese Cuts \u0026 Crafts  China Bhsellers; Peking, 1926.","The daughter of Dr. Charles Fletcher Johnson and Agnes Elliott Johnson, Ruth Clarke was born on April 2, 1890 in Wei Hsien, Shantung, China where she quickly mastered Mandarin Chinese. She was educated at Miss Jewell's School in Shanghai which was also attended by Miss Pearl Buck. After visiting her Uncle Hosmer Johnson in Washington D.C., Ruth entered and graduated from Wilson College (Chambersburg, Pa.) in 1912. She then returned to Shanghai to accept a teaching position at Miss Jewell's.","In 1916 Ruth Johnson accepted a new position in the Peking American School. It was there that she met J. Eric G. Clarke whom she married on June 21, 1916 in Tsinanfu, Shantung. The Rev. W. P. Chalfant officiated. Kathleen Clarke, Margaret Emma Johnson, Gerald Clarke and Hosmer F. Johnson were members of the wedding party Dating from this ceremony, the couple often signed their combined correspondence Rutheric. Following a brief honeymoon in Tai Shan, the couple returned to Peking where they resided for the next 16 years. During this period Mrs. Clarke made several trips to the United States where she exhibited many of the fabulous Oriental art treasures she had collected throughout her stay in China.","Soon after the couple moved to Shanghai the threat of war between Japan and China became reality. Overnight, internment camps were set up for aliens like the Clarkes. Their homes were occupied by Japanese soldiers as soon as they were evacuated by the local Occupation authorities. From April 10, 1943 until a few weeks following the Japanese surrender to MacArthur on August 14, 1945, the Clarkes were confined at Lung Hwa Camp near Peking.","Among the nearly 1800 interns at Lung Hwa were men and women from all professions and backgrounds. Although spirits were high during the first season at the camp, morale worsened during the winter--food became scarce and poorer in quality and the stoves which the Japanese installed on each floor of the ten dormitories were never lit. The cubicles they occupied were 4`8 by 22' long. Despite the difficult conditions they encountered at the camp, the Clarkes and their fellow inmates managed to maintain a high level of personal development which is reflected in the many activities enjoyed at the camp: lectures, plays, musical productions and many other kinds of intellectual stimulation. One of the most amusing highlights of their stay was the development of a game called Dictionary Please. Because of their limited reading material, the Clarkes designed a game which relied only upon the dictionary they brought with them and their active imaginations. The game was so successful that it became a partial livelihood following their return to America in 1946.","Residing in Portland, Oregon, Mr. and Mrs. Clarke remained active socially and intellectually. Mrs. Clarke served as president of Zonta International and the Lewis and Clarke's Women's League. Mrs. Clarke now resides in Mountain View, California.","Gift of Ruth Elliott Johnson Clarke.","Correspondence, photographs (of China), books and pamphlets about Chinese art, etc.","Property rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections.","Department of Special Collections and University Archives","Clarke family","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M0292"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1904-1968"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968"],"collection_title_tesim":["Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968"],"collection_ssim":["Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968"],"repository_ssm":["Stanford University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Stanford University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Clarke family"],"creator_ssim":["Clarke family"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Clarke family"],"creators_ssim":["Clarke family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Property rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["10 Linear Feet ca. 10 linear ft."],"extent_tesim":["10 Linear Feet ca. 10 linear ft."],"date_range_isim":[1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["None."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003e1. Palmer, J.P.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eJade \u003c/emph\u003eSpring Books; London, 1967.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e2. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Encyclopedia Sinica \u003c/emph\u003eCouling, Samuel Kelly \u0026amp; Walsh; Shanghai, 1917.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e3. Thiel, albert W.R.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eChinese Pottery and Stoneware \u003c/emph\u003eThos. nelson \u0026amp; Sons; N.Y., N.D.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e4. Goette, John: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eJade Lore \u003c/emph\u003eKelly \u0026amp; Walsh; Shanghai, 1936.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e5. Forsyth, Robb. Coventry: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eShanting, The Sacred Province of China \u003c/emph\u003eChristian Literature Society; Shanghai, 1912\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e6. Graham, Dorothy: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThrough the moon Door \u003c/emph\u003eJ. H. Sears \u0026amp; Co.; N.Y., 1926.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e7. Brandt, J.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eIntroduction to Literary Chinese \u003c/emph\u003eNorth China Union Language School; Peking, 1927.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e8. Weale, B.L. Putnam: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Vanished Empire \u003c/emph\u003eMacmillan \u0026amp; Co.; London, 1926.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e9. Jennu, Delia: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLetter from Peking \u003c/emph\u003eOxford UP; London, 1967.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e10. Busheel, Stephen W.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eChinese [UNK] \u003c/emph\u003eV. I Eyre \u0026amp; Spottiswoode; London, 1909.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e11. Smith, Arthur H.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eChinese Characteristics \u003c/emph\u003e3rd ed. Fleming H. Revell Co.; n.y., 1894.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e12. Grubb, Norman P.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eC.T.Studd, \u003c/emph\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCricketer \u0026amp; Pioneer \u003c/emph\u003eReligious Tract Society; London, 1933.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e13. Martin, W.A.P.: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Siege in Peking \u003c/emph\u003eOliphant Anderson \u0026amp; Ferrier; Edinburgh, 1900.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e14. Lymn, Jermyn Chi-Hung: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSocial Life of The Chinese in Peking \u003c/emph\u003eChina Booksellers; Peking, 1928.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e15. Strong, [UNK] [UNK]: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ea Sketch of Chinese Cuts \u0026amp; Crafts \u003c/emph\u003eChina Bhsellers; Peking, 1926.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Reference Materials"],"bibliography_tesim":["1. Palmer, J.P.:  Jade  Spring Books; London, 1967.","2.  The Encyclopedia Sinica  Couling, Samuel Kelly \u0026 Walsh; Shanghai, 1917.","3. Thiel, albert W.R.:  Chinese Pottery and Stoneware  Thos. nelson \u0026 Sons; N.Y., N.D.","4. Goette, John:  Jade Lore  Kelly \u0026 Walsh; Shanghai, 1936.","5. Forsyth, Robb. Coventry:  Shanting, The Sacred Province of China  Christian Literature Society; Shanghai, 1912","6. Graham, Dorothy:  Through the moon Door  J. H. Sears \u0026 Co.; N.Y., 1926.","7. Brandt, J.:  Introduction to Literary Chinese  North China Union Language School; Peking, 1927.","8. Weale, B.L. Putnam:  The Vanished Empire  Macmillan \u0026 Co.; London, 1926.","9. Jennu, Delia:  Letter from Peking  Oxford UP; London, 1967.","10. Busheel, Stephen W.:  Chinese [UNK]  V. I Eyre \u0026 Spottiswoode; London, 1909.","11. Smith, Arthur H.:  Chinese Characteristics  3rd ed. Fleming H. Revell Co.; n.y., 1894.","12. Grubb, Norman P.:  C.T.Studd,  Cricketer \u0026 Pioneer  Religious Tract Society; London, 1933.","13. Martin, W.A.P.:  The Siege in Peking  Oliphant Anderson \u0026 Ferrier; Edinburgh, 1900.","14. Lymn, Jermyn Chi-Hung:  Social Life of The Chinese in Peking  China Booksellers; Peking, 1928.","15. Strong, [UNK] [UNK]:  a Sketch of Chinese Cuts \u0026 Crafts  China Bhsellers; Peking, 1926."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe daughter of Dr. Charles Fletcher Johnson and Agnes Elliott Johnson, Ruth Clarke was born on April 2, 1890 in Wei Hsien, Shantung, China where she quickly mastered Mandarin Chinese. She was educated at Miss Jewell's School in Shanghai which was also attended by Miss Pearl Buck. After visiting her Uncle Hosmer Johnson in Washington D.C., Ruth entered and graduated from Wilson College (Chambersburg, Pa.) in 1912. She then returned to Shanghai to accept a teaching position at Miss Jewell's.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1916 Ruth Johnson accepted a new position in the Peking American School. It was there that she met J. Eric G. Clarke whom she married on June 21, 1916 in Tsinanfu, Shantung. The Rev. W. P. Chalfant officiated. Kathleen Clarke, Margaret Emma Johnson, Gerald Clarke and Hosmer F. Johnson were members of the wedding party Dating from this ceremony, the couple often signed their combined correspondence Rutheric. Following a brief honeymoon in Tai Shan, the couple returned to Peking where they resided for the next 16 years. During this period Mrs. Clarke made several trips to the United States where she exhibited many of the fabulous Oriental art treasures she had collected throughout her stay in China.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSoon after the couple moved to Shanghai the threat of war between Japan and China became reality. Overnight, internment camps were set up for aliens like the Clarkes. Their homes were occupied by Japanese soldiers as soon as they were evacuated by the local Occupation authorities. From April 10, 1943 until a few weeks following the Japanese surrender to MacArthur on August 14, 1945, the Clarkes were confined at Lung Hwa Camp near Peking.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAmong the nearly 1800 interns at Lung Hwa were men and women from all professions and backgrounds. Although spirits were high during the first season at the camp, morale worsened during the winter--food became scarce and poorer in quality and the stoves which the Japanese installed on each floor of the ten dormitories were never lit. The cubicles they occupied were 4`8 by 22' long. Despite the difficult conditions they encountered at the camp, the Clarkes and their fellow inmates managed to maintain a high level of personal development which is reflected in the many activities enjoyed at the camp: lectures, plays, musical productions and many other kinds of intellectual stimulation. One of the most amusing highlights of their stay was the development of a game called Dictionary Please. Because of their limited reading material, the Clarkes designed a game which relied only upon the dictionary they brought with them and their active imaginations. The game was so successful that it became a partial livelihood following their return to America in 1946.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResiding in Portland, Oregon, Mr. and Mrs. Clarke remained active socially and intellectually. Mrs. Clarke served as president of Zonta International and the Lewis and Clarke's Women's League. Mrs. Clarke now resides in Mountain View, California.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The daughter of Dr. Charles Fletcher Johnson and Agnes Elliott Johnson, Ruth Clarke was born on April 2, 1890 in Wei Hsien, Shantung, China where she quickly mastered Mandarin Chinese. She was educated at Miss Jewell's School in Shanghai which was also attended by Miss Pearl Buck. After visiting her Uncle Hosmer Johnson in Washington D.C., Ruth entered and graduated from Wilson College (Chambersburg, Pa.) in 1912. She then returned to Shanghai to accept a teaching position at Miss Jewell's.","In 1916 Ruth Johnson accepted a new position in the Peking American School. It was there that she met J. Eric G. Clarke whom she married on June 21, 1916 in Tsinanfu, Shantung. The Rev. W. P. Chalfant officiated. Kathleen Clarke, Margaret Emma Johnson, Gerald Clarke and Hosmer F. Johnson were members of the wedding party Dating from this ceremony, the couple often signed their combined correspondence Rutheric. Following a brief honeymoon in Tai Shan, the couple returned to Peking where they resided for the next 16 years. During this period Mrs. Clarke made several trips to the United States where she exhibited many of the fabulous Oriental art treasures she had collected throughout her stay in China.","Soon after the couple moved to Shanghai the threat of war between Japan and China became reality. Overnight, internment camps were set up for aliens like the Clarkes. Their homes were occupied by Japanese soldiers as soon as they were evacuated by the local Occupation authorities. From April 10, 1943 until a few weeks following the Japanese surrender to MacArthur on August 14, 1945, the Clarkes were confined at Lung Hwa Camp near Peking.","Among the nearly 1800 interns at Lung Hwa were men and women from all professions and backgrounds. Although spirits were high during the first season at the camp, morale worsened during the winter--food became scarce and poorer in quality and the stoves which the Japanese installed on each floor of the ten dormitories were never lit. The cubicles they occupied were 4`8 by 22' long. Despite the difficult conditions they encountered at the camp, the Clarkes and their fellow inmates managed to maintain a high level of personal development which is reflected in the many activities enjoyed at the camp: lectures, plays, musical productions and many other kinds of intellectual stimulation. One of the most amusing highlights of their stay was the development of a game called Dictionary Please. Because of their limited reading material, the Clarkes designed a game which relied only upon the dictionary they brought with them and their active imaginations. The game was so successful that it became a partial livelihood following their return to America in 1946.","Residing in Portland, Oregon, Mr. and Mrs. Clarke remained active socially and intellectually. Mrs. Clarke served as president of Zonta International and the Lewis and Clarke's Women's League. Mrs. Clarke now resides in Mountain View, California."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGift of Ruth Elliott Johnson Clarke.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["Gift of Ruth Elliott Johnson Clarke."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item] Clarke Family Papers, M0292, Dept. of Special Collections, Stanford University Libraries, Stanford, Calif.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item] Clarke Family Papers, M0292, Dept. of Special Collections, Stanford University Libraries, Stanford, Calif."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, photographs (of China), books and pamphlets about Chinese art, etc.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Correspondence, photographs (of China), books and pamphlets about Chinese art, etc."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProperty rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Publication Rights"],"userestrict_tesim":["Property rights reside with the repository. Literary rights reside with the creators of the documents or their heirs. To obtain permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Public Services Librarian of the Dept. of Special Collections."],"names_ssim":["Department of Special Collections and University Archives","Clarke family"],"corpname_ssim":["Department of Special Collections and University Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Clarke family"],"famname_ssim":["Clarke family"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":348,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"m0292-xml","timestamp":"2025-02-18T23:07:35.736Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/m0292-xml_aspace_ref121_zb9"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","value":"David V. Tinder Collection of Michigan Photography, County File, Wayne County 1865-1985","hits":366},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=David+V.+Tinder+Collection+of+Michigan+Photography%2C+County+File%2C+Wayne+County+1865-1985"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968","value":"Clarke Family Papers, 1904-1968","hits":349},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Clarke+Family+Papers%2C+1904-1968"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Re-Imagining Collection, 1993-2016","value":"Re-Imagining Collection, 1993-2016","hits":346},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Re-Imagining+Collection%2C+1993-2016"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Dossiers of Award Nominees\n1984-1985, 1998, 2016","value":"Dossiers of Award Nominees\n1984-1985, 1998, 2016","hits":344},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Dossiers+of+Award+Nominees%0A1984-1985%2C+1998%2C+2016"}},{"attributes":{"label":"John Steinbeck collection, 1902-1979","value":"John Steinbeck collection, 1902-1979","hits":342},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=John+Steinbeck+collection%2C+1902-1979"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Don Wilson Collection\n \n1885-2015, and undated","value":"Don Wilson Collection\n \n1885-2015, and undated","hits":311},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Don+Wilson+Collection%0A+%0A1885-2015%2C+and+undated"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Ernest Hemingway Collection\n1901, 2014, and undated","value":"Ernest Hemingway Collection\n1901, 2014, and undated","hits":304},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Ernest+Hemingway+Collection%0A1901%2C+2014%2C+and+undated"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Peter Sparling papers, 1961-2013, bulk 1970-2000","value":"Peter Sparling papers, 1961-2013, bulk 1970-2000","hits":281},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Peter+Sparling+papers%2C+1961-2013%2C+bulk+1970-2000"}},{"attributes":{"label":"TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, 1989-1996","value":"TEACH Michigan and TEACH Michigan Education Fund records, 1989-1996","hits":280},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=TEACH+Michigan+and+TEACH+Michigan+Education+Fund+records%2C+1989-1996"}},{"attributes":{"label":"KZSU Project South interviews, 1965-1976","value":"KZSU Project South interviews, 1965-1976","hits":260},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=KZSU+Project+South+interviews%2C+1965-1976"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Abdeen Jabara papers, 1956-1994, bulk 1968-1993","value":"Abdeen Jabara papers, 1956-1994, bulk 1968-1993","hits":254},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Abdeen+Jabara+papers%2C+1956-1994%2C+bulk+1968-1993"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/facet/collection_ssim.json?facet.page=7"}},{"type":"facet","id":"creator_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Creator","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Freedman, Jean","value":"Freedman, Jean","hits":150},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Freedman%2C+Jean"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Rush, Benjamin,\n                1746-1813","value":"Rush, Benjamin,\n                1746-1813","hits":119},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Rush%2C+Benjamin%2C%0A++++++++++++++++1746-1813"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Kraemer, Peter","value":"Kraemer, Peter","hits":36},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Kraemer%2C+Peter"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Gross, Laura","value":"Gross, Laura","hits":9},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Gross%2C+Laura"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Indiana University, Radio and Television\n                                Services McAlpin, Michael","value":"Indiana University, Radio and Television\n                                Services McAlpin, Michael","hits":9},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Indiana+University%2C+Radio+and+Television%0A++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++Services+McAlpin%2C+Michael"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Indiana University, Radio and Television\n                                Services","value":"Indiana University, Radio and Television\n                                Services","hits":7},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Indiana+University%2C+Radio+and+Television%0A++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++Services"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Garofalo, Reebee","value":"Garofalo, Reebee","hits":5},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Garofalo%2C+Reebee"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Mahon, Maureen","value":"Mahon, Maureen","hits":5},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Mahon%2C+Maureen"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Unidentified","value":"Unidentified","hits":5},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Unidentified"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Estrada, Zilia C.","value":"Estrada, Zilia C.","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Estrada%2C+Zilia+C."}},{"attributes":{"label":"Hollinden, Andy","value":"Hollinden, Andy","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Hollinden%2C+Andy"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/facet/creator_ssim.json?facet.page=7"}},{"type":"facet","id":"date_range_isim","attributes":{"label":"Date range","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"1979","value":"1979","hits":101},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1981","value":"1981","hits":90},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1982","value":"1982","hits":86},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1982"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1980","value":"1980","hits":85},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1980"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1983","value":"1983","hits":85},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1983"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1972","value":"1972","hits":82},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1972"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1978","value":"1978","hits":81},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1978"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1975","value":"1975","hits":76},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1975"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1989","value":"1989","hits":71},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1989"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1985","value":"1985","hits":70},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1985"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1990","value":"1990","hits":70},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1990"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1993","value":"1993","hits":70},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1993"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1984","value":"1984","hits":68},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1984"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1994","value":"1994","hits":68},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1994"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1973","value":"1973","hits":67},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1973"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1986","value":"1986","hits":67},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1991","value":"1991","hits":67},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1991"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1968","value":"1968","hits":65},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1968"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1976","value":"1976","hits":65},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1977","value":"1977","hits":63},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1977"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1987","value":"1987","hits":62},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1987"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1992","value":"1992","hits":62},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1992"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1974","value":"1974","hits":61},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1974"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1988","value":"1988","hits":59},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1988"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1967","value":"1967","hits":58},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1967"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1945","value":"1945","hits":56},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1945"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1969","value":"1969","hits":56},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1969"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1966","value":"1966","hits":54},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1966"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1971","value":"1971","hits":53},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1971"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1970","value":"1970","hits":52},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1970"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1939","value":"1939","hits":50},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1939"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1995","value":"1995","hits":50},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1995"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1997","value":"1997","hits":50},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1997"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1998","value":"1998","hits":49},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1998"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1999","value":"1999","hits":49},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1999"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1965","value":"1965","hits":46},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1965"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1941","value":"1941","hits":43},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1941"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1996","value":"1996","hits":42},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1996"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1940","value":"1940","hits":40},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1940"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1964","value":"1964","hits":39},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1964"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1960","value":"1960","hits":36},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1960"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1938","value":"1938","hits":35},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1938"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1946","value":"1946","hits":35},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1946"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1961","value":"1961","hits":35},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1961"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1962","value":"1962","hits":35},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1962"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1963","value":"1963","hits":35},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1963"}},{"attributes":{"label":"2000","value":"2000","hits":34},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2000"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1947","value":"1947","hits":32},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1947"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1958","value":"1958","hits":30},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1958"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1942","value":"1942","hits":29},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1942"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1959","value":"1959","hits":29},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1959"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1944","value":"1944","hits":28},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1944"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1948","value":"1948","hits":28},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1948"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1952","value":"1952","hits":28},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1952"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1957","value":"1957","hits":28},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1957"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1949","value":"1949","hits":27},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1949"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1950","value":"1950","hits":27},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1950"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1951","value":"1951","hits":27},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1951"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1953","value":"1953","hits":27},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1953"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1943","value":"1943","hits":26},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1943"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1954","value":"1954","hits":26},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1954"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1916","value":"1916","hits":25},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1916"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1918","value":"1918","hits":25},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1918"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1919","value":"1919","hits":25},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1919"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1956","value":"1956","hits":25},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1956"}},{"attributes":{"label":"2001","value":"2001","hits":25},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2001"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1917","value":"1917","hits":24},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1917"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1936","value":"1936","hits":24},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1936"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1955","value":"1955","hits":24},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1955"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1935","value":"1935","hits":23},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1935"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1937","value":"1937","hits":23},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1937"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1913","value":"1913","hits":22},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1913"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1914","value":"1914","hits":22},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1914"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1915","value":"1915","hits":22},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1915"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1920","value":"1920","hits":22},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1920"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1928","value":"1928","hits":22},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1928"}},{"attributes":{"label":"2003","value":"2003","hits":22},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2003"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1910","value":"1910","hits":21},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1910"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1921","value":"1921","hits":21},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1921"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1924","value":"1924","hits":21},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1924"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1927","value":"1927","hits":21},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1927"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1929","value":"1929","hits":21},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1929"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1930","value":"1930","hits":21},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1930"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1931","value":"1931","hits":21},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1931"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1932","value":"1932","hits":21},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1932"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1933","value":"1933","hits":21},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1933"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1934","value":"1934","hits":21},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1934"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1911","value":"1911","hits":20},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1911"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1912","value":"1912","hits":20},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1912"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1922","value":"1922","hits":20},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1922"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1923","value":"1923","hits":20},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1923"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1925","value":"1925","hits":20},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1925"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1926","value":"1926","hits":20},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1926"}},{"attributes":{"label":"2002","value":"2002","hits":20},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2002"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1903","value":"1903","hits":19},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1903"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1904","value":"1904","hits":19},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1904"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1909","value":"1909","hits":19},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1909"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1902","value":"1902","hits":16},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1902"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1905","value":"1905","hits":16},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1905"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1906","value":"1906","hits":16},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1906"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/facet/date_range_isim.json?facet.page=7"}},{"type":"facet","id":"level_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Level","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"File","value":"File","hits":4162},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Item","value":"Item","hits":463},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Interview","value":"Interview","hits":193},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Interview"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Event","value":"Event","hits":161},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Event"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Unspecified","value":"Unspecified","hits":138},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Unspecified"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Series","value":"Series","hits":112},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Subseries","value":"Subseries","hits":71},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Collection","value":"Collection","hits":38},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Subgroup","value":"Subgroup","hits":26},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subgroup"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Other","value":"Other","hits":20},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Other"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Record Group","value":"Record Group","hits":7},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Record+Group"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/facet/level_ssim.json?facet.page=7"}},{"type":"facet","id":"names_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Names","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Rush, Julia Stockton","value":"Rush, Julia Stockton","hits":85},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Rush%2C+Julia+Stockton"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Rush family","value":"Rush family","hits":39},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Rush+family"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Rush, Benjamin, 1746-1813","value":"Rush, Benjamin, 1746-1813","hits":24},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Rush%2C+Benjamin%2C+1746-1813"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Department of Special Collections and University Archives","value":"Department of Special Collections and University Archives","hits":11},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Department+of+Special+Collections+and+University+Archives"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Bentley Historical Library","value":"Bentley Historical Library","hits":8},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Bentley+Historical+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Shippen, William, 1712-1801","value":"Shippen, William, 1712-1801","hits":6},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Shippen%2C+William%2C+1712-1801"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Clarke Historical Library , Central Michigan University","value":"Clarke Historical Library , Central Michigan University","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Clarke+Historical+Library+%2C+Central+Michigan+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"David M. Rubenstein Rare Book \u0026 Manuscript Library","value":"David M. Rubenstein Rare Book \u0026 Manuscript Library","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=David+M.+Rubenstein+Rare+Book+%26+Manuscript+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Dickinson College","value":"Dickinson College","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Dickinson+College"}},{"attributes":{"label":"University of Pennsylvania -- Faculty","value":"University of Pennsylvania -- Faculty","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Pennsylvania+--+Faculty"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Bostock, John, 1740-1774","value":"Bostock, John, 1740-1774","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Bostock%2C+John%2C+1740-1774"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/facet/names_ssim.json?facet.page=7"}},{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Stanford University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives","value":"Stanford University Libraries. Special Collections and University Archives","hits":1207},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Stanford+University+Libraries.+Special+Collections+and+University+Archives"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Central Michigan University Clarke Historical Library","value":"Central Michigan University Clarke Historical Library","hits":1179},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Central+Michigan+University+Clarke+Historical+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"University of Michigan. Bentley Historical Library","value":"University of Michigan. Bentley Historical Library","hits":1111},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Michigan.+Bentley+Historical+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"David M. Rubenstein Rare Book and Manuscript Library","value":"David M. Rubenstein Rare Book and Manuscript Library","hits":667},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=David+M.+Rubenstein+Rare+Book+and+Manuscript+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"University of Michigan. William L. Clements Library","value":"University of Michigan. William L. Clements Library","hits":521},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Michigan.+William+L.+Clements+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Indiana University, Archives of African American Music and Culture (AAAMC)","value":"Indiana University, Archives of African American Music and Culture (AAAMC)","hits":219},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Indiana+University%2C+Archives+of+African+American+Music+and+Culture+%28AAAMC%29"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Indiana University, Center for Documentary Research and Practice","value":"Indiana University, Center for Documentary Research and Practice","hits":194},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Indiana+University%2C+Center+for+Documentary+Research+and+Practice"}},{"attributes":{"label":"University of Michigan. Special Collections Research Center","value":"University of Michigan. Special Collections Research Center","hits":114},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Michigan.+Special+Collections+Research+Center"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Hoover Institution Archives","value":"Hoover Institution Archives","hits":107},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Hoover+Institution+Archives"}},{"attributes":{"label":"National Library of Medicine. History of Medicine Division","value":"National Library of Medicine. History of Medicine Division","hits":36},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=National+Library+of+Medicine.+History+of+Medicine+Division"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Stanford University Libraries. Cubberley Education Library","value":"Stanford University Libraries. Cubberley Education Library","hits":34},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Stanford+University+Libraries.+Cubberley+Education+Library"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?facet.page=7"}},{"type":"facet","id":"geogname_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Places","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"United States -- History -- Revolution, 1775-1783 -- Medical\n              care","value":"United States -- History -- Revolution, 1775-1783 -- Medical\n              care","hits":5},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=United+States+--+History+--+Revolution%2C+1775-1783+--+Medical%0A++++++++++++++care"}},{"attributes":{"label":"United States -- History -- Revolution, 1775-1783","value":"United States -- History -- Revolution, 1775-1783","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=United+States+--+History+--+Revolution%2C+1775-1783"}},{"attributes":{"label":"United States -- Politics and government -- 1801-1809","value":"United States -- Politics and government -- 1801-1809","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=United+States+--+Politics+and+government+--+1801-1809"}},{"attributes":{"label":"United States -- Economic conditions -- 18th century","value":"United States -- Economic conditions -- 18th century","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=United+States+--+Economic+conditions+--+18th+century"}},{"attributes":{"label":"United States -- Foreign relations -- France","value":"United States -- Foreign relations -- France","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=United+States+--+Foreign+relations+--+France"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Afghanistan--History.","value":"Afghanistan--History.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Afghanistan--History."}},{"attributes":{"label":"Africa -- Church history","value":"Africa -- Church history","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Africa+--+Church+history"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Africa -- Description and travel","value":"Africa -- Description and travel","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Africa+--+Description+and+travel"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Africa -- Ethnic relations","value":"Africa -- Ethnic relations","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Africa+--+Ethnic+relations"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Africa -- Race relations","value":"Africa -- Race relations","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Africa+--+Race+relations"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Africa -- Religious life and customs","value":"Africa -- Religious life and customs","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Africa+--+Religious+life+and+customs"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/facet/geogname_ssim.json?facet.page=7"}},{"type":"facet","id":"access_subjects_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Subjects","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Yellow Fever -- Pennsylvania -- Philadelphia","value":"Yellow Fever -- Pennsylvania -- Philadelphia","hits":65},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Yellow+Fever+--+Pennsylvania+--+Philadelphia"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Yellow Fever -- Epidemiology -- Pennsylvania","value":"Yellow Fever -- Epidemiology -- Pennsylvania","hits":64},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Yellow+Fever+--+Epidemiology+--+Pennsylvania"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Yellow fever -- 18th century","value":"Yellow fever -- 18th century","hits":64},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Yellow+fever+--+18th+century"}},{"attributes":{"label":"World War II","value":"World War II","hits":44},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=World+War+II"}},{"attributes":{"label":"university funding","value":"university funding","hits":34},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=university+funding"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Indiana University regional campuses","value":"Indiana University regional campuses","hits":26},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Indiana+University+regional+campuses"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Vietnam War","value":"Vietnam War","hits":26},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Vietnam+War"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Yellow fever -- Treatment","value":"Yellow fever -- Treatment","hits":24},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Yellow+fever+--+Treatment"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Yellow Fever -- therapy","value":"Yellow Fever -- therapy","hits":23},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Yellow+Fever+--+therapy"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Great Depression","value":"Great Depression","hits":22},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Great+Depression"}},{"attributes":{"label":"campus politics","value":"campus politics","hits":18},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=campus+politics"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/facet/access_subjects_ssim.json?facet.page=7"}},{"type":"facet","id":"access","attributes":{"label":"Access","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Online access","value":"online","hits":799},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess%5D%5B%5D=online"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog/facet/access.json?facet.page=7"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"all_fields","attributes":{"label":"All Fields"},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?facet.page=7\u0026page=73\u0026search_field=all_fields"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"keyword","attributes":{"label":"Keyword"},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?facet.page=7\u0026page=73\u0026search_field=keyword"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"name","attributes":{"label":"Name"},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?facet.page=7\u0026page=73\u0026search_field=name"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"place","attributes":{"label":"Place"},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?facet.page=7\u0026page=73\u0026search_field=place"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"subject","attributes":{"label":"Subject"},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?facet.page=7\u0026page=73\u0026search_field=subject"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"title","attributes":{"label":"Title"},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?facet.page=7\u0026page=73\u0026search_field=title"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"container","attributes":{"label":"Container"},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?facet.page=7\u0026page=73\u0026search_field=container"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"identifier","attributes":{"label":"Identifier"},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?facet.page=7\u0026page=73\u0026search_field=identifier"}},{"type":"sort","id":"score desc, title_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"relevance"},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?facet.page=7\u0026page=73\u0026sort=score+desc%2C+title_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"date_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"date (ascending)"},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?facet.page=7\u0026page=73\u0026sort=date_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"date_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"date (descending)"},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?facet.page=7\u0026page=73\u0026sort=date_sort+desc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"creator_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"creator (A-Z)"},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?facet.page=7\u0026page=73\u0026sort=creator_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"creator_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"creator (Z-A)"},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?facet.page=7\u0026page=73\u0026sort=creator_sort+desc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"title_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"title (A-Z)"},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?facet.page=7\u0026page=73\u0026sort=title_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"title_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"title (Z-A)"},"links":{"self":"https://arclight-demo.projectblacklight.org/catalog.json?facet.page=7\u0026page=73\u0026sort=title_sort+desc"}}]}